A fast charging device, a charging module and a consumer electronic product

Abstract

The application provides a fast charging device, a charging module and consumer electronics, splits the existing fast charging scheme, integrates the voltage conversion module, the intelligent switch unit and the logic control module corresponding to the fast charging function in the fast charging device, and only retains the traditional power management chip and the load switch in the charging module, so as to solve the circuit area occupation, the high circuit cost and the heating problem of the existing charging module; the power supply voltage is converted into the first charging voltage through the voltage conversion module, so that when the power supply voltage exceeds the overvoltage threshold of the charging module, the fast charging device can still normally charge the charging module; the value of the power supply voltage and the value of the first current are detected through the logic control module, and the range of the constant current value output to the charging module in the fast charging process is adaptively adjusted according to the degree of the value of the power supply voltage in the charging process, so as to maximize the charging efficiency on the basis of ensuring the charging stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of consumer electronics, and more particularly to a fast charging device, a charging module, and a consumer electronics product. Background Technology

[0002] More and more consumer electronics products, such as smartwatches and smart bracelets, are now equipped with fast charging capabilities. However, these products typically only come with a standard USB charging cable, without a charging adapter. While this allows users to conveniently plug one end of the cable into any readily available USB charger or USB data port, dedicated charging devices at best provide overvoltage protection and cannot actually enable fast charging for consumer electronics like smartwatches and smart bracelets.

[0003] Please refer to Figure 1 To achieve fast charging, current technologies commonly integrate switching charging chips, which offer higher efficiency and power than linear charging chips, directly onto the motherboard of consumer electronics products. However, switching charging chips are large and expensive, significantly increasing the already limited circuit space on the motherboard and raising costs. Furthermore, switching charging chips require external power inductors for efficient energy conversion and large external capacitors for filtering, further increasing circuit space and costs. Moreover, the purpose of using switching charging chips is to enable higher power and faster charging for wearable consumer electronics. For example, a smartwatch using a switching charging chip can support a 2A input current at the IN pin to charge the battery. If the chip's efficiency is 90% and the IN pin input voltage is 5V, the power loss would be 5V * 2A * 10% = 1W. This could easily cause the smartwatch to overheat, forcing a reduction in charging current, which in turn reduces charging power and speed, or necessitates additional costs to address heat dissipation issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in current fast charging solutions for consumer electronics, this invention provides a fast charging device, a charging module, and a consumer electronics product.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a fast charging device is provided for connecting a DC power supply and a charging module of a consumer electronic product; wherein the charging module includes a power management chip integrating a linear charging unit and a load switching unit, and the charging device internally includes an intelligent switching unit, a logic control module, a voltage conversion module, and a first voltage divider unit; wherein:

[0006] The first voltage divider unit is coupled to the output terminal of the DC power supply and is used to divide the power supply voltage output by the DC power supply to obtain a first voltage and a second voltage, which are then output; wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0007] The enable terminal and voltage input terminal of the voltage conversion module are respectively coupled to the first output terminal of the first voltage divider unit and the output terminal of the DC power supply; the voltage conversion module is used to determine whether the value of the power supply voltage exceeds the start-up voltage value based on the input first voltage; if it exceeds the start-up voltage value, the voltage conversion module is also used to convert the power supply voltage into a first charging voltage and output it; wherein, the first charging voltage is lower than the overvoltage threshold value of the charging module during the charging process;

[0008] The input and output terminals of the intelligent switch unit are respectively coupled to the voltage output terminal of the voltage conversion module and the charging input terminal of the charging module; the intelligent switch unit is used to control the on / off of the branch between the DC power supply and the charging module, and the intelligent switch unit is also used to maintain the first current flowing through itself at a target constant current value; wherein, the target constant current value is used to characterize the range of the constant current value output to the charging module during fast charging;

[0009] The first and second pins of the logic control module are respectively coupled to the current detection terminal of the intelligent switch unit and the second output terminal of the first voltage divider unit; the logic control module is used for:

[0010] The value of the first current is detected through the first pin;

[0011] The value of the power supply voltage is detected based on the input second voltage; and

[0012] The target constant current value is adjusted according to the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage during charging. If the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage exceeds a first threshold, the logic control module lowers the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value. If the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage is lower than the first threshold, the logic control module maintains or increases the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value.

[0013] Optionally, the power supply pin of the logic control module is coupled to the output terminal of the voltage conversion module, and the fourth pin of the logic control module is coupled to the charging input terminal of the charging module. The logic control module is further configured to:

[0014] The first charging voltage is divided by a built-in voltage divider circuit to power the logic control module; and

[0015] The voltage divider of the first charging voltage is converted from analog to digital to detect the first charging voltage; the actual battery voltage of the battery assembly during fast charging is detected through the charging input terminal of the charging module, and a target value of the first charging voltage is set based on the actual battery voltage; wherein the target value is greater than the actual battery voltage, and the difference between the two is at least the product of the set target constant current value and the first on-resistance; and

[0016] The detected first charging voltage is compared with the target value; if there is a difference, the first charging voltage is corrected based on the difference after obtaining the difference value.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes a voltage regulating single line; the third pin of the logic control module is coupled to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module through the voltage regulating single line; and outputs a voltage regulating signal to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module according to the difference; the voltage conversion module is used to correct its own output first charging voltage according to the voltage regulating signal.

[0018] Optionally, it further includes a second voltage divider unit, a filter unit, and a first resistor; the input and output terminals of the second voltage divider unit are respectively coupled to the output terminal and the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module, and the first terminal of the second voltage divider unit is grounded; the second voltage divider unit is used to perform a third voltage division on the first charging voltage to obtain a third voltage and output it to the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module; the input and output terminals of the filter unit are respectively coupled to the third pin of the logic control module and the first terminal of the first resistor, and the first terminal of the filter unit is grounded; the second terminal of the first resistor is coupled to the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module;

[0019] The third pin of the logic control module is used to output a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle based on the difference; the filtering unit is used to filter the PWM signal to obtain an average voltage and output it; the first resistor is used to cooperate in setting the output impedance of the filtering unit so that the average voltage is superimposed on the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module; the voltage conversion module is used to correct its own output first charging voltage based on the sum of the average voltage and the third voltage.

[0020] Optionally, the filtering unit includes a filtering resistor and a filtering capacitor; the first end of the filtering resistor is coupled to the third pin of the logic control module, the second end of the filtering resistor is coupled to the first end of the filtering capacitor, and serves as the output terminal of the filtering unit; the second end of the filtering capacitor is grounded.

[0021] Optionally, the second voltage divider unit includes a fourth voltage divider resistor and a fifth voltage divider resistor; the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is coupled to the output end of the voltage conversion module, the second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is coupled to the first end of the fifth voltage divider resistor, and serves as the output end of the second voltage divider unit; the second end of the fifth voltage divider resistor is grounded.

[0022] Optionally, the intelligent switching unit includes a main channel switching subunit and a constant current regulation subunit; the first and second terminals of the main channel switching subunit are respectively coupled to the voltage output terminal of the voltage conversion module and the charging input terminal of the charging module, and the main channel switching subunit is used to control the on / off state of the branch between the DC power supply and the charging module according to its own conduction or off state; the first, second, input, and output terminals of the constant current regulation subunit are respectively coupled to the first and second terminals of the main channel switching subunit, the current detection terminal of the intelligent switching unit, and the control terminal of the main channel switching subunit; the constant current regulation subunit is used to detect the magnitude of the first current and, under the control of the logic control module, adjust the magnitude of the first current by controlling the conduction degree of the main channel switching subunit.

[0023] Optionally, the main channel switching unit includes at least one NMOS transistor or one PMOS transistor.

[0024] Optionally, the logic control module is further configured to send a handshake signal to the charging module via the fourth pin to control the charging module to switch from a first state to a second state; wherein the first state is used to indicate that the charging module is in a normal charging state, and the second state is used to indicate that the charging module is in a state of digital interaction authentication with the logic control module; wherein, if the digital interaction authentication is successful, it indicates that the charging module accepts fast charging;

[0025] The logic control module is further configured to send a first signal to the charging module to control the charging module to switch from the second state to the first state.

[0026] Optionally, the logic control module is further configured to:

[0027] Before sending the handshake signal, the smart switch unit is turned off by sending a second signal to the smart switch unit; and

[0028] Before sending the first signal, a third signal is sent to the smart switch unit to turn on the smart switch unit.

[0029] Optionally, the first voltage divider unit includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, and a third voltage divider resistor; the first end and the second end of the first voltage divider resistor are respectively coupled to the output terminal of the DC power supply and the first end of the second voltage divider resistor, and the second end of the first voltage divider resistor serves as the first output terminal of the first voltage divider unit; the second end of the second voltage divider resistor is coupled to the first end of the third voltage divider resistor and serves as the second output terminal of the first voltage divider unit; the second end of the third voltage divider resistor is grounded.

[0030] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a charging module is provided, which is compatible with the fast charging device provided by the first aspect and optional aspects of the present invention, for charging the battery components in the consumer electronic product. The charging module includes a power management chip with an integrated linear charging unit and a load switching unit.

[0031] The input terminal of the power management chip serves as the charging input terminal of the charging module; the output terminal of the power management chip is coupled to the positive terminal of the battery assembly, and the power management chip is also coupled to the control terminal of the load switching unit; the power management chip is used for:

[0032] The input first charging voltage is converted into a second charging voltage and output to the positive terminal of the battery assembly to perform a first charge on the battery assembly; and

[0033] Based on the input handshake signal, digital interaction authentication is performed with the logic control module; if the authentication is successful, it indicates that the device has entered the fast charging state; and when the voltage of the battery component is greater than the second threshold, the load switch unit is controlled to turn on.

[0034] The input and output terminals of the load switch unit are respectively coupled to the input terminal of the power management chip and the positive terminal of the battery assembly; the load switch unit is used to directly inject the first current input by the charging input terminal into the positive terminal of the battery assembly after being controlled to be turned on, so as to quickly charge the battery assembly.

[0035] This invention provides a fast charging device and charging module. It decomposes the functions of the switching charging chip in existing fast charging solutions, integrating the voltage conversion module, intelligent switching unit, and logic control module responsible for fast charging into the charging device. The charging module for consumer electronics products retains only the traditional power management chip and load switch, thus solving the problems of circuit area encroachment, high circuit cost, and heat generation on the motherboard of consumer electronics products caused by switching charging chips. The voltage conversion module converts the DC power supply voltage into a first charging voltage to ensure that the charging device can still charge the consumer electronics product normally even when the power supply voltage exceeds the overvoltage threshold of the charging module during charging. The logic control module detects the value of the power supply voltage and the value of the first current, and adaptively adjusts the range of the constant current value output to the charging module during fast charging based on the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage value during charging, thereby maximizing charging efficiency while ensuring charging stability. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a fast charging solution for consumer electronics products in the prior art;

[0038] Figure 2 The circuit structure of the fast charging device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 3 The circuit structure of the fast charging device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 4 The circuit structure of the fast charging device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0041] Figure 5 The circuit structure of the fast charging device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0042] Figure 6 The circuit structure of the fast charging device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 ;

[0043] Figure 7 The circuit structure of the fast charging device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 ;

[0044] Figure 8The circuit structure diagram of the charging module provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0045] Figure label:

[0046] 10 - Intelligent switch unit;

[0047] 11-Main channel switch subunit;

[0048] 12-Constant current regulation subunit;

[0049] 20-Voltage conversion module;

[0050] 30 - Logic control module;

[0051] 40 - First voltage divider unit;

[0052] 50 - Second voltage divider unit;

[0053] 60-Filtering unit;

[0054] 70 - Power management chip;

[0055] 80-Load Switching Unit;

[0056] R1 - First resistor;

[0057] R2 - Filter resistor;

[0058] R3 - Fourth voltage divider resistor;

[0059] R4 - Fifth voltage divider resistor;

[0060] R5 - First voltage divider resistor;

[0061] R6 - Second voltage divider resistor;

[0062] R7 - Third voltage divider resistor;

[0063] C1 - External bootstrap capacitor;

[0064] C2 - Voltage stabilizing capacitor;

[0065] C3 - Filter capacitor;

[0066] L1 - External power inductor;

[0067] VBUS - Power supply voltage;

[0068] VOUT - First charging voltage. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a fast charging device for connecting a DC power supply and a charging module of a consumer electronic product; wherein, the charging module includes a power management chip integrating a linear charging unit and a load switching unit to charge the battery components in the consumer electronic product; the charging device internally includes an intelligent switching unit 10, a logic control module 30, a voltage conversion module 20, and a first voltage divider unit 40; wherein:

[0071] The first voltage divider unit 40 is coupled to the output terminal of the DC power supply and is used to divide the power supply voltage VBUS output by the DC power supply to obtain a first voltage and a second voltage and output them; wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0072] The enable terminal and voltage input terminal of the voltage conversion module 20 are respectively coupled to the first output terminal of the first voltage divider unit 40 and the output terminal of the DC power supply; the voltage conversion module 20 is used to determine whether the value of the power supply voltage VBUS exceeds the start-up voltage value based on the input first voltage; if it exceeds the start-up voltage value, the voltage conversion module 20 is also used to convert the power supply voltage VBUS into a first charging voltage VOUT and output it; wherein, the first charging voltage VOUT is lower than the overvoltage threshold value of the charging module during the charging process;

[0073] The input and output terminals of the intelligent switch unit 10 are respectively coupled to the voltage output terminal of the voltage conversion module 20 and the charging input terminal of the charging module; the intelligent switch unit 10 is used to control the on / off of the branch between the DC power supply and the charging module, and the intelligent switch unit 10 is also used to maintain the first current flowing through it at a set target constant current value during fast charging.

[0074] The first and second pins of the logic control module 30 are respectively coupled to the current detection terminal of the intelligent switch unit 10 and the second output terminal of the first voltage divider unit 40; the logic control module 30 is used for:

[0075] The value of the first current is detected through the first pin;

[0076] The value of the power supply voltage VBUS is detected based on the input second voltage; and

[0077] The target constant current value is adjusted according to the degree of decrease of the power supply voltage VBUS during the charging process; if the degree of decrease of the power supply voltage VBUS exceeds a first threshold, the logic control module 30 lowers the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value; if the degree of decrease of the power supply voltage VBUS is lower than the first threshold, the logic control module 30 maintains or increases the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value.

[0078] It should be noted that the fast charging device can be a dedicated charging cable for consumer electronics products, or it can be a charging dock that is connected to the consumer electronics product via a regular charging cable; for example, a charging dock for a smartwatch. Of course, the specific configuration can be selected according to needs and is not limited here.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention, through the aforementioned technical means, solves the problems of circuit area encroachment, high circuit cost, and heat generation on the internal motherboard of consumer electronics products caused by the switching charging chip in existing fast charging solutions; it also maximizes charging efficiency while ensuring charging stability. Its principle is as follows:

[0080] In conventional solutions, the charging module of consumer electronic products is generally provided with a power management chip integrated with a linear charging unit (i.e., a small-current linear charging circuit, Linear Charger) to charge the battery assembly of the device. However, this solution does not support high-current constant-current fast charging. Therefore, existing fast charging solutions use a switching charging chip to replace the power management chip integrated with the linear charging unit, so as to achieve constant-current fast charging. The present embodiment reuses the conventional solution, that is, uses the power management chip integrated with the linear charging unit to replace the switching charging chip; and in order to achieve constant-current fast charging, the present embodiment integrates the intelligent switching unit 10 capable of realizing constant-current regulation into the charging device matching the consumer electronic product, and additionally integrates a small-area and low-cost load switching chip in its own charging module. Compared with the problems existing in the switching charging chip and the corresponding external power inductor L1 and external large capacitor, the circuit cost and circuit area occupation of the consumer electronic product will be greatly alleviated, and the heating problem caused by the switching charging chip is solved.

[0081] In addition to the intelligent switching unit 10, the fast charging device provided in this embodiment is additionally provided with a voltage conversion module 20, a logic control module 30, and a first voltage dividing unit 40.

[0082] The voltage conversion module 20 converts the power supply voltage VBUS of the DC power supply into a first charging voltage VOUT; the first charging voltage VOUT is used to represent the overvoltage threshold value of the charging module during the charging process. Therefore, no matter how large the power supply voltage VBUS is, the voltage conversion module 20 can convert the power supply voltage VBUS that is greater than or far exceeding the overvoltage threshold value into a safe first charging voltage VOUT; for example, the power supply voltage VBUS is 15V, and the overvoltage threshold value is above 5.0V, then the voltage conversion module 20 converts the 15V high voltage into 5V, so as to safely charge the charging module. Of course, if the power supply voltage VBUS is less than 5V and greater than the startup voltage value, the first charging voltage VOUT output by the voltage conversion module 20 will be as close to 5V as possible.

[0083] The first voltage divider unit 40 divides the power supply voltage VBUS to obtain a first voltage and a second voltage, and outputs them to the enable terminal of the voltage conversion module 20 and the second pin of the logic control module 30, respectively. Because the voltage conversion module 20 is a high-voltage resistant device, the first voltage will be greater than the second voltage. However, both the first and second voltages are essentially reductions of the power supply voltage VBUS by different proportions, and are used to detect the power supply voltage VBUS. The power supply voltage VBUS is used to detect the power supply voltage VBUS based on the first voltage and determine whether the power supply voltage VBUS exceeds the start-up voltage value. If it is lower, for example, less than 3.6V, it indicates that the output capability of the DC power supply cannot charge the corresponding device, and therefore the voltage conversion is not performed. If it exceeds, for example, greater than 3.6V, then the voltage conversion is performed. The logic control module 30 is used to detect the power supply voltage VBUS based on the second voltage. Simultaneously, the logic control module 30 also detects the value of the first current through the first pin. During charging, if the decrease in the power supply voltage VBUS exceeds a first threshold, it indicates that the current output capability of the DC power supply is insufficient to support the current constant current fast charging. Therefore, the logic control module 30 lowers the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value through the first pin until the decrease in the power supply voltage VBUS compared to its initial value is lower than the first threshold. If the decrease in the power supply voltage VBUS is lower than the first threshold, it indicates that the current output capability of the DC power supply is sufficient to support the current constant current fast charging. Therefore, the logic control module 30 increases the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value through the first pin until a critical target constant current value is found where the decrease in the power supply voltage VBUS compared to its initial value is close to the first threshold, thereby maximizing charging efficiency. Alternatively, the logic control module 30 maintains the target constant current value unchanged through the first pin. The first threshold can be set according to requirements and is not limited here.

[0084] The following provides a detailed description of other structures and functions of the fast charging device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention:

[0085] Please refer to Figure 3 In one specific implementation, the power supply pin of the logic control module 30 is coupled to the output terminal of the voltage conversion module 20, and the fourth pin of the logic control module 30 is coupled to the charging input terminal of the charging module. The logic control module 30 is also used for:

[0086] The first charging voltage VOUT is divided by a built-in voltage divider circuit to power the logic control module 30; and

[0087] The voltage divider of the first charging voltage VOUT is converted from analog to digital to detect the first charging voltage VOUT; the actual battery voltage of the battery assembly during fast charging is detected through the charging input terminal of the charging module, and a target value for the first charging voltage VOUT is set based on the actual battery voltage; wherein the target value is greater than the actual battery voltage, and the difference between the two is at least the product of the set target constant current value and the first on-resistance; and

[0088] The detected first charging voltage VOUT is compared with the target value; if there is a difference, the first charging voltage VOUT is corrected according to the difference after obtaining the difference.

[0089] The beneficial effects of this implementation are as follows: (1) By combining the power supply terminal and voltage detection terminal of the logic control module 30, the power supply of the logic control module 30 and the detection of the first charging voltage VOUT can be realized simultaneously, thereby saving the pin resources of the logic control module 30. (2) By making the first charging voltage VOUT approximately equal to the actual battery voltage, the power consumption of the charging device during fast charging is reduced. The minimum and maximum difference formulas are respectively:

[0090] Xmin=R1*I1

[0091] Xmax = R1 * I1 + Y; where Xmin represents the minimum value of the difference; Xmax represents the maximum value of the difference; R1 represents the first on-resistance; the first on-resistance represents the on-resistance when the current flows from the voltage output terminal of the voltage conversion module 20 through the intelligent switching unit 10 and the load switching unit to the battery assembly; I1 represents the target constant current value; and Y represents the reserved voltage value. The advantage of setting the reserved voltage value is that it prevents frequent changes in the first charging voltage VOUT due to frequent changes in the target value; frequent changes in the first charging voltage VOUT would consume too many resources of the logic control module, thus affecting other functions of the logic control module.

[0092] For example, assuming the DC power supply's current output capability is sufficient to support the currently set constant current fast charging; setting the target constant current value to 2A, and the minimum value of the first on-resistance to 200mΩ, with the reserved voltage value at zero, then the minimum difference value = 2A * 200mΩ = 400mV; if the current voltage of the battery pack is 3.3V, then the target value is set to 3.3V + 0.4V = 3.7V; when the battery pack continues to be charged to 3.32V, since the circuit is now fully open, the first on-resistance cannot be adjusted. If the target value remains at 3.7V, the actual difference value will not be able to maintain the first current at 2A. Therefore, to ensure the efficiency of constant current fast charging, the target value must be increased to 3.72V, and so on. The target value will be frequently adjusted, causing the first charging voltage VOUT to change frequently. If the reserved voltage value is set to 100mV, the target value increases to 3.8V. When the battery assembly is charged to 3.32V, there is still room to adjust the first on-resistance by adjusting the conduction level of the intelligent switch unit 10 to maintain the first current at 2A. Only when the battery assembly is charged to 3.4V or higher does it need to adjust the target value to maintain the first current at 2A. It should be noted that the setting of the reserved voltage value needs to be balanced with the power consumption of the charging device, because the lower the reserved voltage value, the lower the power consumption of the charging device. However, correspondingly, the first charging voltage VOUT will change more frequently. Of course, the specific data of the preset voltage value can be set according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated here.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 4 In one specific implementation, the voltage conversion module 20 includes a Buck DC-DC converter, an external power inductor L1 for high-efficiency power conversion, and an external bootstrap capacitor C1 for bootstrap voltage. The external power inductor L1 is coupled between the voltage output terminal of the Buck DC-DC converter and the input terminal of the intelligent switching unit 10; the external bootstrap capacitor C1 is coupled between the voltage output terminal of the Buck DC-DC converter and its bootstrap terminal. It should be noted that, to ensure a stable output of the first charging voltage VOUT, the fast charging device also includes a voltage regulator capacitor C2; the regulated voltage is coupled between the input terminal and ground of the intelligent switching unit 10.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 5In one specific implementation, if the voltage conversion module 20 has a built-in communication system, the fast charging device further includes a voltage regulating single line; the third pin of the logic control module 30 is coupled to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module 20 through the voltage regulating single line; and outputs a voltage regulating signal to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module 20 according to the difference; the voltage conversion module 20 is used to correct its own output first charging voltage VOUT according to the voltage regulating signal. Specifically, the voltage regulating single line is a communication single line, and the logic control module 30 adjusts the output voltage of the voltage conversion module 20, i.e., the first charging voltage VOUT, through single-line communication.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 6 If the voltage conversion module 20 does not have a built-in communication system, the fast charging device further includes a second voltage divider unit 50, a filter unit 60, and a first resistor R1; the input and output terminals of the second voltage divider unit 50 are respectively coupled to the output terminal and the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module 20, and the first terminal of the second voltage divider unit 50 is grounded; the second voltage divider unit 50 is used to perform a third voltage division on the first charging voltage VOUT to obtain a third voltage and output it to the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module 20; the input and output terminals of the filter unit 60 are respectively coupled to the third pin of the logic control module 30 and the first terminal of the first resistor R1, and the first terminal of the filter unit 60 is grounded; the second terminal of the first resistor R1 is coupled to the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module 20;

[0096] The logic control module 30's third pin is used to output a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle based on the difference. The filtering unit 60 filters the PWM signal to obtain an average voltage and outputs it. The first resistor R1 increases the output impedance of the filtering unit 60 so that the average voltage is superimposed on the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module 20. The voltage conversion module 20 corrects its output first charging voltage VOUT based on the sum of the average voltage and the third voltage. The filtering unit 60 includes a filtering resistor R2 and a filtering capacitor C3. The first end of the filtering resistor R2 is coupled to the third pin of the logic control module 30, and the second end of the filtering resistor R2 is coupled to the first end of the filtering capacitor C3, serving as the output terminal of the filtering unit 60. The second end of the filtering capacitor C3 is grounded. The second voltage divider unit 50 includes a fourth voltage divider resistor R3 and a fifth voltage divider resistor R4; the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor R3 is coupled to the output end of the voltage conversion module 20, the second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor R3 is coupled to the first end of the fifth voltage divider resistor R4, and serves as the output end of the second voltage divider unit 50; the second end of the fifth voltage divider resistor R4 is grounded.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 7 In one specific implementation, the intelligent switching unit 10 includes a main channel switching subunit 11 and a constant current regulation subunit 12. The first and second terminals of the main channel switching subunit 11 are respectively coupled to the voltage output terminal of the voltage conversion module 20 and the charging input terminal of the charging module. The main channel switching subunit 11 controls the on / off state of the branch between the DC power supply and the charging module based on its own conduction or off state. The first, second, input, and output terminals of the constant current regulation subunit 12 are respectively coupled to the first and second terminals of the main channel switching subunit 11, the current detection terminal of the intelligent switching unit 10, and the control terminal of the main channel switching subunit 11. The constant current regulation subunit 12 detects the magnitude of the first current and, under the control of the logic control module 30, adjusts the magnitude of the first current by controlling the conduction degree of the main channel switching subunit 11. The main channel switching unit includes at least one NMOS transistor or one PMOS transistor. If multiple NMOS transistors are included, they are connected in parallel; if multiple PMOS transistors are included, they are connected in parallel. Specifically, the constant current regulation subunit 12 is a general-purpose constant current regulation chip. This chip can control the on / off state of the main channel switching subunit 11, and also control the conduction level of the main channel switching subunit 11 to control the magnitude of the first on-resistance.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 7 In one specific implementation, the logic control module 30 is further configured to send a handshake signal to the charging module via the fourth pin to control the charging module to switch from a first state to a second state; wherein the first state is used to indicate that the charging module is in a normal charging state, and the second state is used to indicate that the charging module is in a state of digital interaction authentication with the logic control module 30; wherein, if the digital interaction authentication is successful, it indicates that the charging module accepts fast charging;

[0099] The logic control module 30 is further configured to send a first signal to the charging module to control the charging module to switch from the second state to the first state.

[0100] The logic control module 30 is also used for:

[0101] Before sending the handshake signal, the smart switch unit 10 is turned off by sending a second signal to the smart switch unit 10; and

[0102] Before sending the first signal, a third signal is sent to the smart switch unit 10 to turn on the smart switch unit 10.

[0103] The logic control unit includes an MCU processor. Of course, the logic control unit may also include other data processing chips, such as an MPU, etc., which are not limited here.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 7 In one specific embodiment, the first voltage divider unit 40 includes a first voltage divider resistor R5, a second voltage divider resistor R6, and a third voltage divider resistor R7; the first and second ends of the first voltage divider resistor R5 are respectively coupled to the output terminal of the DC power supply and the first end of the second voltage divider resistor R6, and the second end of the first voltage divider resistor R5 serves as the first output terminal of the first voltage divider unit 40; the second end of the second voltage divider resistor R6 is coupled to the first end of the third voltage divider resistor R7 and serves as the second output terminal of the first voltage divider unit 40; the second end of the third voltage divider resistor R7 is grounded.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 8 The second embodiment of the present invention provides a charging module that is compatible with the fast charging device and is used to charge the battery components in the consumer electronic product. The charging module includes a power management chip 70 with an integrated linear charging unit and a load switching unit 80.

[0106] The input terminal of the power management chip 70 serves as the charging input terminal of the charging module; the output terminal of the linear charging unit is coupled to the positive terminal of the battery assembly, and the power management chip 70 is also coupled to the control terminal of the load switching unit 80; the power management chip 70 is used for:

[0107] The input first charging voltage VOUT is converted into a second charging voltage and output to the positive terminal of the battery assembly to perform a first charge on the battery assembly; and

[0108] Based on the input handshake signal, digital interaction authentication is performed with the logic control module 30; if the authentication is successful, it indicates that the fast charging state has been entered; and when the voltage of the battery component is greater than the second threshold, the load switch unit 80 is controlled to be turned on.

[0109] The input and output terminals of the load switch unit 80 are respectively coupled to the input terminal of the power management chip 70 and the positive terminal of the battery assembly; the load switch unit 80 is used to directly inject the first current input from the charging input terminal into the positive terminal of the battery assembly after being controlled to be turned on, so as to quickly charge the battery assembly.

[0110] The overvoltage threshold of the charging module during the charging process is set to 5V, and the maximum supporting charging current is 2A; the minimum value of the first on-resistance is set to 200mΩ, and the reserved voltage value is 100mV. The specific charging process of the charging module is described below based on the above settings:

[0111] Pre-charging stage: In this stage, the charging module charges the battery pack through the linear charging unit. Because the linear charging unit does not have a high-frequency switching circuit, it does not support high-current fast charging. At this time, the intelligent switching unit 10 in the fast charging device sets the first current between 100mA and 200mA, and the voltage conversion module 20 converts the power supply voltage VBUS to 5V to slowly charge the battery pack until the battery pack voltage reaches the preset value for fast charging. For example, the preset value for fast charging of consumer electronics such as smartwatches, smart bracelets, and smart glasses is usually set to around 3V. Before the voltage of the battery assembly reaches the preset value for fast charging, the logic control module 30 first controls the smart switch unit 10 to turn off via the first pin; then, it sends a handshake signal with a specific waveform to the power management chip 70 in the charging module via the fourth pin to perform digital interaction authentication with the power management chip 70 to confirm whether it can receive fast charging; when the digital interaction authentication is successful, it indicates that the power management chip 70 receives fast charging, and the logic control module 30 then controls the smart switch unit 10 to turn on again via the first pin to continue charging the battery assembly.

[0112] Constant current fast charging stage: When the voltage of the battery module reaches the preset fast charging value, such as 3V, the power management chip 70 controls the load switching unit 80 to turn on, so as to establish a direct charging path from the charging input terminal of the charging module to the positive terminal of the battery module. At this time, the intelligent switching unit 10 in the fast charging device sets the target constant current value to about 2A; for example, 1.8A-2.2A. The logic control module 30 detects the actual voltage value of the battery module through the fourth pin, and determines the target value of the first charging voltage VOUT = 3V + 2A * 200mΩ + 100mV = 3.5V according to the actual voltage value of the battery module, the minimum value of the first on-resistance, the target constant current value, and the set preset voltage value. The logic control module 30 then controls the first charging voltage VOUT output by the voltage conversion module 20 to approach 3.5V through the third pin. When the voltage of the battery module rises to 3.1V, the target value of 3.5V will not be able to maintain the first current at the target constant current value, so the target value is adjusted to 3.6V. When the voltage of the battery assembly rises to 3.2V, the target value is adjusted to 3.7V. Following the charging method described above, as the voltage of the battery assembly gradually increases, the magnitude of the first charging voltage VOUT is adjusted accordingly to ensure that the first charging voltage VOUT and the voltage of the battery assembly remain between 0.4V and 0.5V, thereby reducing the power consumption of the fast charging device during constant current fast charging. During constant current fast charging, the logic control module 30 monitors the decrease in the power supply voltage VBUS in real time; if the decrease exceeds a first threshold, it indicates that the current DC power supply cannot output a constant current of 2A, and the target constant current value needs to be reduced to adapt to the current output capability of the current DC power supply.

[0113] When the battery assembly is close to being fully charged, for example, when the current common full charge is 4.35V, and it is now charged to just reaching or close to 4.35V, in order to prevent overcharging of the battery assembly and damage to the cells inside the battery assembly, the load switch unit 80 is usually turned off, and the battery assembly is recharged with a constant voltage and small current through the linear charging unit until it is fully charged. However, due to the internal resistance of the battery module itself, the battery voltage measured by the logic control module 30 through the fourth pin is composed of the actual stored voltage of the battery module and the voltage drop of the battery module itself. For example, if the battery module has an internal resistance of 100mΩ, when performing 2A constant current fast charging, the voltage drop of the battery module is 100mΩ * 2A = 0.2V. When switching from 2A constant current fast charging to constant voltage slow charging below 200mA, the voltage drop of the battery module will decrease by at least 100mΩ * 2A - 100mΩ * 200mA = 0.18V, so that the battery voltage detected by the logic control module 30 decreases from 4.35V to 4.17V. This missing 0.18V will additionally increase the constant voltage charging time. To minimize constant-voltage charging time and improve charging efficiency, when the battery pack is charged to 4.35V, the logic control module 30 controls the intelligent switch unit 10 to reduce the target constant current value to approximately 1A, at which point the detected battery voltage will drop to 4.25V. When the battery pack voltage is recharged to 4.35V, the logic control module 30 controls the intelligent switch unit 10 to reduce the target constant current value to approximately 0.5A, at which point the detected battery voltage will drop to 4.30V. Following this method, the decrease in detected battery voltage is negligible until switching to constant-voltage charging.

[0114] Constant voltage slow charging stage: The power management chip 70 shuts down the load switch unit 80 and switches back to the linear charging unit for charging; at this time, the voltage conversion module 20 in the fast charging device converts the power supply voltage VBUS to 5V, and the first current is about 100mA to slowly charge the battery component; charging stops when the first current is less than 20mA.

[0115] Of course, the data in the specific charging process of the charging module mentioned above is only one specific implementation method. The actual data can be adjusted according to the needs, and no limitation is made here.

[0116] A third embodiment of the present invention provides a consumer electronics product including the charging module.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast charging device for connecting a DC power supply and a charging module of a consumer electronic product; wherein, The charging module includes a power management chip with an integrated linear charging unit and a load switching unit to charge the battery components in the consumer electronics product. The charging device is characterized by internally comprising an intelligent switching unit, a logic control module, a voltage conversion module, and a first voltage divider unit; wherein: The first voltage divider unit is coupled to the output terminal of the DC power supply and is used to divide the power supply voltage output by the DC power supply to obtain a first voltage and a second voltage, which are then output; wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The enable terminal and voltage input terminal of the voltage conversion module are respectively coupled to the first output terminal of the first voltage divider unit and the output terminal of the DC power supply; the voltage conversion module is used to determine whether the value of the power supply voltage exceeds the start-up voltage value based on the input first voltage; if it exceeds the start-up voltage value, the voltage conversion module is also used to convert the power supply voltage into a first charging voltage and output it; wherein, the first charging voltage is lower than the overvoltage threshold value of the charging module during the charging process; The input and output terminals of the intelligent switch unit are respectively coupled to the voltage output terminal of the voltage conversion module and the charging input terminal of the charging module; the intelligent switch unit is used to control the on / off of the branch between the DC power supply and the charging module, and the intelligent switch unit is also used to maintain the first current flowing through itself at a set target constant current value during fast charging. The first and second pins of the logic control module are respectively coupled to the current detection terminal of the intelligent switch unit and the second output terminal of the first voltage divider unit; the logic control module is used for: The value of the first current is detected through the first pin; The value of the power supply voltage is detected based on the input second voltage; and The target constant current value is adjusted according to the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage during charging; if the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage exceeds a first threshold, the logic control module lowers the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value; if the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage is lower than the first threshold, the logic control module maintains or increases the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value. The logic control module is also used for: The first charging voltage is divided by a built-in voltage divider circuit to power the logic control module; and The voltage divider of the first charging voltage is converted from analog to digital to detect the first charging voltage; the actual battery voltage of the battery assembly during fast charging is detected through the charging input terminal of the charging module, and a target value of the first charging voltage is set based on the actual battery voltage value; wherein the target value is greater than the actual battery voltage, and the difference between the two is at least the product of the set target constant current value and the first on-resistance; and The detected first charging voltage is compared with the target value; if there is a difference, the first charging voltage is corrected based on the difference after obtaining the difference value.

2. The fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply pin of the logic control module is coupled to the output terminal of the voltage conversion module, and the fourth pin of the logic control module is coupled to the charging input terminal of the charging module.

3. The fast charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulating single line; the third pin of the logic control module is coupled to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module through the voltage regulating single line; and outputs a voltage regulating signal to the control terminal of the voltage conversion module according to the difference; the voltage conversion module is used to correct its own output first charging voltage according to the voltage regulating signal.

4. The fast charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a second voltage divider unit, a filter unit, and a first resistor; the input and output terminals of the second voltage divider unit are respectively coupled to the output terminal and the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module, and the first terminal of the second voltage divider unit is grounded; the second voltage divider unit is used to perform a third voltage division on the first charging voltage to obtain a third voltage and output it to the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module; the input and output terminals of the filter unit are respectively coupled to the third pin of the logic control module and the first terminal of the first resistor, and the first terminal of the filter unit is grounded; the second terminal of the first resistor is coupled to the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module; The third pin of the logic control module is used to output a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle based on the difference; the filtering unit is used to filter the PWM signal to obtain an average voltage and output it; the first resistor is used to cooperate in setting the output impedance of the filtering unit so that the average voltage is superimposed on the sampling terminal of the voltage conversion module; the voltage conversion module is used to correct its own output first charging voltage based on the sum of the average voltage and the third voltage.

5. The fast charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filtering unit includes a filtering resistor and a filtering capacitor; the first end of the filtering resistor is coupled to the third pin of the logic control module, the second end of the filtering resistor is coupled to the first end of the filtering capacitor, and serves as the output terminal of the filtering unit; the second end of the filtering capacitor is grounded.

6. The fast charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second voltage divider unit includes a fourth voltage divider resistor and a fifth voltage divider resistor; the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is coupled to the output end of the voltage conversion module, the second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is coupled to the first end of the fifth voltage divider resistor, and serves as the output end of the second voltage divider unit; the second end of the fifth voltage divider resistor is grounded.

7. The fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent switch unit includes a main channel switch subunit and a constant current regulation subunit; the first and second terminals of the main channel switch subunit are respectively coupled to the voltage output terminal of the voltage conversion module and the charging input terminal of the charging module; the main channel switch subunit is used to control the on / off of the branch between the DC power supply and the charging module according to its own conduction or off. The first terminal, second terminal, input terminal, and output terminal of the constant current regulation subunit are respectively coupled to the first terminal and second terminal of the main channel switch subunit, the current detection terminal of the intelligent switch unit, and the control terminal of the main channel switch subunit; the constant current regulation subunit is used to detect the magnitude of the first current and, under the control of the logic control module, adjusts the magnitude of the first current by controlling the conduction degree of the main channel switch subunit.

8. The fast charging device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main channel switching subunit includes at least one NMOS transistor or one PMOS transistor.

9. The fast charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The logic control module is also used to send a handshake signal to the charging module through the fourth pin to control the charging module to switch from a first state to a second state; wherein the first state is used to indicate that the charging module is in a normal charging state, and the second state is used to indicate that the charging module is in a state of digital interaction authentication with the logic control module; wherein, if the digital interaction authentication is successful, it indicates that the charging module accepts fast charging. The logic control module is further configured to send a first signal to the charging module to control the charging module to switch from the second state to the first state.

10. The fast charging device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The logic control module is also used for: Before sending the handshake signal, the smart switch unit is turned off by sending a second signal to the smart switch unit; and Before sending the first signal, a third signal is sent to the smart switch unit to turn on the smart switch unit.

11. The fast charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage divider unit includes a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, and a third voltage divider resistor; the first end and the second end of the first voltage divider resistor are respectively coupled to the output terminal of the DC power supply and the first end of the second voltage divider resistor, and the second end of the first voltage divider resistor serves as the first output terminal of the first voltage divider unit; the second end of the second voltage divider resistor is coupled to the first end of the third voltage divider resistor and serves as the second output terminal of the first voltage divider unit; the second end of the third voltage divider resistor is grounded.

12. A charging module, characterized in that, Matched with the fast charging device of claim 9, for charging the battery components in the consumer electronics product, the charging module includes a power management chip with an integrated linear charging unit and a load switching unit; The input terminal of the power management chip serves as the charging input terminal of the charging module; the output terminal of the power management chip is coupled to the positive terminal of the battery assembly, and the power management chip is also coupled to the control terminal of the load switching unit; the power management chip is used for: The input first charging voltage is converted into a second charging voltage and output to the positive terminal of the battery assembly to perform a first charge on the battery assembly; and Based on the input handshake signal, digital interaction authentication is performed with the logic control module; if the authentication is successful, it indicates that the device has entered the fast charging state; and when the voltage of the battery component is greater than the second threshold, the load switch unit is controlled to turn on. The first and second pins of the logic control module are respectively coupled to the current detection terminal of the intelligent switch unit and the second output terminal of the first voltage divider unit; the logic control module is used for: The value of the first current is detected through the first pin; The value of the power supply voltage is detected based on the input second voltage; as well as The target constant current value is adjusted according to the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage during charging; if the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage exceeds a first threshold, the logic control module lowers the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value; if the degree of decrease in the power supply voltage is lower than the first threshold, the logic control module maintains or increases the upper and lower limits of the target constant current value. The logic control module is also used for: The first charging voltage is divided by a built-in voltage divider circuit to power the logic control module; and The voltage divider of the first charging voltage is converted from analog to digital to detect the first charging voltage; The actual battery voltage of the battery assembly during fast charging is detected through the charging input terminal of the charging module, and a target value of the first charging voltage is set based on the actual battery voltage value; wherein the target value is greater than the actual battery voltage, and the difference between the two is at least the product of the set target constant current value and the first on-resistance; and The detected first charging voltage is compared with the target value; if there is a difference, the first charging voltage is corrected based on the difference after obtaining the difference. The input and output terminals of the load switch unit are respectively coupled to the input terminal of the power management chip and the positive terminal of the battery assembly; the load switch unit is used to directly inject the first current input by the charging input terminal into the positive terminal of the battery assembly after being controlled to be turned on, so as to quickly charge the battery assembly.

13. A consumer electronics product, characterized in that, Includes the charging module as described in claim 12.

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