A digging device for heavy clay soil

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of potato digging equipment, especially a digging device for heavy clay soil, which comprises a driving shaft, a rocker and a vibrating digging frame connected in sequence, the driving shaft is rotatably installed on a support, the two ends of the vibrating digging frame are respectively connected with the rocker and the support, the bottom of the vibrating digging frame is connected with a bionic digging shovel in front of the direction of travel, and the rear of the bionic digging shovel is connected with a soil removal rivet and a soil removal grid in sequence. The present application adopts the principle of bionics, and the digging shovel is designed according to the streamline of the head of a catfish, so as to enhance the soil penetration performance of the digging shovel, the middle convex shovel structure has a ridge line and a weft line, and the shovel surface is designed in a streamline shape, so as to reduce the adhesion of heavy clay soil to the digging shovel; the rear end of the digging shovel is smoothly transitioned, which can further reduce the adhesion of soil, reduce the entry of soil in the potato-soil mixture into the equipment, solve the soil adhesion of the digging shovel, effectively slow down the soil jamming problem of the equipment, and enhance the potato-soil separation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of potato digging equipment, and in particular to a digging device for heavy clay soil. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are many solutions for potato digging devices, with the most widely used being the vibratory digging and harvesting system. This system enhances the soil-breaking ability of the device by vibrating a strip shovel. However, for heavy clay soils, the flat shovel's soil-breaking ability is poor, and the soil adheres heavily to the shovel, causing the potato-soil mixture to accumulate at the shovel, resulting in soil clogging and affecting potato-soil separation, while also increasing energy consumption. Other digging devices mostly use fixed shovels, which can be categorized by shape as strip shovels, convex shovels, triangular shovels, and grid-type shovels. The disadvantages of fixed strip shovels are their poor soil-breaking ability and high energy consumption; convex shovels have better soil-breaking performance but higher digging resistance and energy consumption; triangular shovels have good soil-penetrating performance and low digging resistance but poor soil-breaking ability and poor environmental adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve the above problems and provides a digging device for heavy clay soil, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0004] A digging device for heavy clay soil includes a drive shaft, a rocker arm, and a vibrating digging frame that are hinged together in sequence. The drive shaft is rotatably mounted on a support. The upper two ends of the vibrating digging frame are respectively hinged to the rocker arm and the support. A bionic digging shovel is connected to the bottom of the vibrating digging frame in the forward direction of travel. A soil-removing rivet and a soil-removing grid are connected to the rear of the bionic digging shovel in sequence.

[0005] Based on the above scheme, the front of the bionic digging shovel is an arc-shaped soil-entry blade, the middle is horizontally set with a weft line, and the center of the bionic digging shovel is vertically set with a ridge line. The bionic digging shovel gradually falls from the ridge line to both sides in the horizontal direction, and gradually rises from the front end of the soil-entry blade to the weft line in the vertical direction.

[0006] Based on the above scheme, the edge function equation of the burial blade is y1 = 0.03268x1 2 +100, where x1 takes values ​​in the range [-43.2, 43.2], and the ridge's functional equation is y2 = -0.0012x2 2 -0.18x², where x² ranges from [0, 100], and the function equation for the latitude is y³ = -0.0006x³. 2 +15, where x3 takes values ​​in the range of [-50, 50].

[0007] Preferably, there are multiple biomimetic digging shovels arranged in parallel along the transverse direction, with gaps between adjacent biomimetic digging shovels.

[0008] Preferably, a cutting disc is installed in front of the vibratory excavator.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the cutting disc is mounted on the bracket by a fixing rod, and multiple mounting holes are provided on the upper end of the fixing rod along the vertical direction.

[0010] Preferably, the bionic excavator shovel has a connecting part at the rear of the ridge line, and the connecting part has a mounting connection hole. The soil removal rivet is set in the mounting connection hole and connected to the excavator shovel connecting plate. The top of the soil removal rivet is arc-shaped and protrudes from the connecting part. The soil removal grid is installed at the rear of the excavator shovel connecting plate.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, there are multiple soil removal grids, which are arranged in parallel along the transverse direction, and gaps are set between adjacent soil removal grids.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, the soil removal grid is trapezoidal in shape, and its width gradually increases from front to back, with a triangular through groove in the middle of the soil removal grid.

[0013] Preferably, the number of soil-removing rivets is multiple, and they are arranged in multiple rows vertically.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Utilizing biomimetic principles, the digging shovel is biomimeticly designed based on the streamlined shape of a catfish's head. After optimization, a blade is added to the arc-shaped triangular structure at the front end of the shovel, enhancing its soil-penetrating performance. The convex structure in the middle section features ridges and wefts, and the shovel surface is streamlined to reduce the adhesion of heavy, sticky soil to the shovel. Simultaneously, the ridges and wefts break up the soil, achieving a strong soil-breaking capacity. The rear end of the shovel undergoes a smooth transition, further reducing soil adhesion and minimizing soil from the potato-soil mixture entering the equipment. This solves the problem of soil adhesion to the shovel, effectively alleviating the soil buildup problem and enhancing the potato-soil separation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 : Front view of the structure of this invention;

[0016] Figure 2 Side view of the structure of this invention;

[0017] Figure 3 : A simplified mechanical diagram of the transmission method of this invention;

[0018] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the biomimetic excavator shovel structure of this invention;

[0019] Figure 5 Side view of the biomimetic excavator shovel of this invention;

[0020] Figure 6 The present invention features a biomimetic excavation shovel blade outline.

[0021] Figure 7 This invention mimics the outline of the weft wire of a digging shovel;

[0022] Figure 8 This invention relates to the biomimetic excavator ridge outline. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "length," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," and "inner," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a digging device for heavy clay soil includes a drive shaft 41, a rocker arm 42, and a vibrating digging frame 43, which are sequentially hinged. The drive shaft 41 is connected to a gearbox 31 and can be used in conjunction with other power mechanisms on the device. The drive shaft 41 is rotatably mounted on a bracket 32. The rocker arm 42 performs circular motion under the drive of the drive shaft 41. The upper ends of the vibrating digging frame 43 are hinged to the rocker arm 42 and the bracket 32 ​​respectively, forming a crank-rocker mechanism, which drives the vibrating digging frame 43 to achieve an arc-shaped vibration action at its bottom. A biomimetic digging shovel 1 is connected to the bottom of the vibrating digging frame 43 at the front in the direction of travel. A soil-removing rivet 22 and a soil-removing grid 23 are sequentially connected to the rear of the biomimetic digging shovel 1. A soil-cutting disc 5 is set at the front of the vibrating digging frame 43. The soil-cutting disc 5 is mounted on the bracket 32 ​​by a fixing rod. The upper end of the fixing rod has multiple mounting holes along the vertical direction. By cooperating with the bracket 32 ​​through the mounting holes at different positions, the soil-cutting depth of the soil-cutting disc 5 can be adjusted.

[0028] The biomimetic excavating shovels 1 are multiple in number and arranged parallel to each other laterally, with gaps between adjacent shovels. The biomimetic excavating shovels 1 are based on the streamlined shape of a catfish head, with an arc-shaped cutting edge 11 at the front. This reduces resistance when the shovel surface enters the soil, lessens the adhesion of heavy clay soil to the shovel, and reduces soil buildup, thus reducing costs and increasing efficiency. A horizontal weft line 13 is arranged in the middle, and a vertical ridge line 12 is arranged in the center of the shovel. Laterally, the shovel gradually descends from the ridge line 12 to both sides, and vertically, it gradually rises from the front of the cutting edge 11 to the weft line 13. This reduces the adhesion of heavy clay soil to the shovel, and the ridge line 12 and weft line 13 break up the soil, achieving a strong soil-breaking capacity. Preferably, as shown... Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the function equation of the edge of the shovel blade 11 is y1 = 0.03268x1 2 +100, where x1 takes values ​​in the range [-43.2, 43.2], and the functional equation of ridge 12 is y2 = -0.0012x2. 2 -0.18x², where x² ranges from [0, 100]. The function equation for parallel 13 is y³ = -0.0006x³. 2 +15, where x3 takes values ​​in the range of [-50, 50].

[0029] The bionic digging shovel 1 has a connecting part at the rear of the ridge line 12. The connecting part has mounting holes, and soil-removing rivets 22 are installed in these holes and connected to the digging shovel connecting plate. The top of the soil-removing rivets 22 is arc-shaped and protrudes from the connecting part. Multiple soil-removing rivets 22 are arranged in multiple rows vertically, ensuring a stable connection and improving soil removal efficiency. When the potato-soil mixture transported from the bionic digging shovel 1 passes through the soil-removing rivets 22, the soil adhering to the surface of the potato tubers separates and breaks up, falling back to the ground through the gaps between the bionic digging shovels 1.

[0030] The soil removal grid 23 is installed at the rear of the excavator shovel connecting plate 21. Multiple soil removal grids 23 are provided, arranged parallel to each other laterally, with gaps between adjacent grids. Preferably, the soil removal grid 23 is trapezoidal in shape, with its width gradually increasing from front to back. A triangular through-slot is provided in the center of the soil removal grid 23, and the height of the grid gradually increases from front to back.

[0031] As the equipment moves forward, the cutting disc blades cut off any remaining vines from the vine-killing machine and loosen the soil, increasing the looseness of the potato-soil mixture before it enters the equipment. The loosened potato-soil mixture cuts into the front arc-shaped triangular structure of the biomimetic digging shovel and is broken up by the ridge and weft sections in the middle of the shovel, achieving initial separation of potato and soil. The dispersed potato-soil mixture comes into contact with the soil-removing rivets and is broken up. The soil falls through the gaps between the digging shovels, and the potato chunks with soil on them pass through the soil-removing grid to remove the soil before entering the rear conveyor belt and other devices for further sorting.

[0032] The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any modifications or variations made based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A digging device for heavy clay soil, characterized in that, The device includes a drive shaft (41), a rocker arm (42), and a vibrating excavator frame (43) that are hinged together in sequence. The drive shaft (41) is rotatably mounted on a bracket (32). The upper two ends of the vibrating excavator frame (43) are hinged to the rocker arm (42) and the bracket (32) respectively. The bottom of the vibrating excavator frame (43) is connected to a bionic excavator shovel (1) in the front of the direction of travel. The rear of the bionic excavator shovel (1) is connected to a soil removal rivet (22) and a soil removal grid (23) in sequence. The front part of the bionic digging shovel (1) is an arc-shaped soil-entry blade (11), and the middle part is horizontally set with a latitude line (13). The center of the bionic digging shovel (1) is vertically set with a ridge line (12). The bionic digging shovel (1) gradually falls from the ridge line (12) to both sides in the horizontal direction, and gradually rises from the front end of the soil-entry blade (11) in the vertical direction until it reaches the latitude line (13). The bionic excavator shovel (1) has a connecting part at the rear of the ridge line (12). The connecting part has an installation connecting hole. The soil removal rivet (22) is set in the installation connecting hole and connected to the excavator shovel connecting plate. The top of the soil removal rivet (22) is arc-shaped and protrudes from the connecting part. The soil removal grid (23) is installed at the rear of the excavator shovel connecting plate (21). The equation of the edge function of the shovel blade (11) is y1=0.03268x1 2 +100, where x1 takes values ​​in the range [-43.2, 43.2], and the functional equation of the ridge (12) is y2 = -0.0012x2. 2 -0.18x2, where x2 takes values ​​in the range [0, 100], and the function equation of latitude line (13) is y3 = -0.0006x3. 2 +15, where x3 takes values ​​in the range of [-50, 50]; The number of soil-removing rivets (22) is multiple, and they are arranged in multiple rows vertically.

2. The excavation device for heavy clay soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the bionic digging shovels (1) is multiple, and they are arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction, with gaps between adjacent bionic digging shovels (1).

3. The excavation device for heavy clay soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cutting disc (5) is installed in front of the vibratory excavator (43).

4. The excavation device for heavy clay soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cutting disc (5) is mounted on the bracket (32) by a fixing rod, and multiple mounting holes are provided at the upper end of the fixing rod along the vertical direction.

5. The excavation device for heavy clay soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of soil removal grids (23) is multiple, and they are arranged in parallel along the transverse direction, with gaps between adjacent soil removal grids (23).

6. The excavation device for heavy clay soil according to claim 5, characterized in that, The soil removal grid (23) is trapezoidal in shape and its width gradually increases from front to back. A triangular through groove is provided in the middle of the soil removal grid (23).

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