A subgrade compactness detection device based on water filling method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of subgrade compactness detection, and provides a subgrade compactness detection device based on a water filling method.The subgrade compactness detection device based on the water filling method comprises a mounting seat, a fixing frame fixedly connected to the mounting seat, a first hydraulic push rod fixedly connected to the fixing frame, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the extension end of the first hydraulic push rod, a second hydraulic push rod fixedly connected to the mounting frame, a measuring cylinder fixedly connected to the extension end of the second hydraulic push rod, a fixing block fixedly connected to the measuring cylinder, an elastic shell fixedly connected to the fixing block, and an annular cylinder fixedly connected to the mounting seat.The application measures the volume change of the soil near the pit before and after excavation, reduces the interference of the nearby soil, and can accurately measure the volume of the excavated soil even on an inclined road surface and an uneven road surface, because the measuring cylinder takes the upper surface of the annular cylinder as a reference to measure the volume change of the soil under the annular cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of roadbed compaction testing technology, and in particular to a roadbed compaction testing device based on the water-irrigation method. Background Technology

[0002] Compaction degree mainly represents the density of soil. In the process of road construction, the compaction degree of the roadbed is one of the important indicators of road quality, which directly reflects the quality of road engineering.

[0003] In the existing compaction testing process, a regular circular pit needs to be dug on the roadbed, and the weight of the excavated soil needs to be measured. The volume of the excavated soil is then measured using either the sand filling method or the water filling method. The compaction degree of the roadbed is then calculated. When measuring the volume of the excavated soil using the water filling method, a plastic bag is usually placed in the pit dug on the roadbed, and then water is poured into the plastic bag until the water level is level with the road surface. However, this method relies solely on the human eye to judge whether the two are level, which is prone to errors, especially on sloping or uneven road surfaces, where the water cannot be level with the road surface, resulting in inaccurate compaction measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of measurement errors and the difficulty in measuring the compaction degree of sloping and uneven road surfaces, the purpose of this invention is to provide a roadbed compaction degree detection device based on the water-irrigation method.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A roadbed compaction degree testing device based on the water-irrigation method, comprising a mounting base, a fixed frame fixedly connected to the mounting base, a control terminal mounted on the fixed frame, a first hydraulic push rod fixedly connected to the fixed frame and electrically connected to the control terminal, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic push rod, the mounting frame being slidably connected to the mounting base, a second hydraulic push rod fixedly connected to the mounting frame and electrically connected to the control terminal, a measuring cylinder fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second hydraulic push rod, and a third hydraulic push rod fixedly connected to the side of the measuring cylinder away from the mounting base. The control terminal is electrically connected. The telescopic end of the third hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to a piston that is slidably and sealingly connected to the measuring cylinder. The measuring cylinder is filled with liquid. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the side of the measuring cylinder near the mounting base. An elastic shell is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing block away from the measuring cylinder. The fixing block is provided with a drainage component for auxiliary drainage. An annular cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting base. A sliding member is slidably connected to the annular cylinder. Liquid is filled between the annular cylinder and the sliding member. A conduit is connected to the annular cylinder. A measuring component for measuring the volume of excavated soil is provided on the upper side of the mounting base.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, the drainage assembly includes a water inlet pipe, which is slidably and sealed to the fixed block. A pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the measuring cylinder via a square block. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control terminal and cooperates with the water inlet pipe. A nozzle is fixedly connected and communicates with the end of the water inlet pipe away from the pressure sensor. The nozzle is slidably and sealed to the fixed block. The nozzle is provided with an outlet and an inlet. A one-way valve is provided in the inlet of the nozzle. A cavity is provided inside the nozzle. The fixed block is provided with a limiting component to restrict the movement of the nozzle.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the limiting assembly includes symmetrically distributed hydraulic cylinders, all of which are fixedly connected to the measuring cylinder. A slider is slidably connected to the measuring cylinder, and a first elastic element is fixedly connected between the slider and the measuring cylinder. A symmetrically distributed piston rod is fixedly connected to the slider, passing through the measuring cylinder and slidably connected to an adjacent hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is filled with liquid, and a pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the hydraulic cylinder closest to the slider. A symmetrically distributed cavity is formed within the fixing block, and the pipe passes through the measuring cylinder and communicates with an adjacent cavity within the fixing block. A sealing block is slidably connected to each of the symmetrically distributed cavities within the fixing block, and the sealing block cooperates with the nozzle and its water outlet. A circumferentially distributed sliding baffle is slidably connected to the annular cylinder, with adjacent sliding baffles slidably connected.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the measuring assembly includes a measuring tube fixedly connected to the mounting base and communicating with the conduit. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the measuring tube, and a sealing plug is fixedly connected to the sliding rod. The sealing plug is slidably and sealingly connected to the measuring tube. The measuring tube is filled with liquid. A handle is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod away from the sealing plug. A first limiting rod is threadedly connected to the measuring tube, and the first limiting rod cooperates with the sliding rod.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the mounting base is fixedly connected to circumferentially distributed electric telescopic rods, the telescopic ends of which are provided with casters, and the mounting base is fixedly connected to circumferentially distributed first fixing members.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the system also includes a digging mechanism mounted on the mounting base. The digging mechanism is used to dig a pit. The digging mechanism includes a fourth hydraulic push rod fixed to the mounting frame. A digging cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic push rod. A holding cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting base. A gravity sensor is installed at the bottom of the holding cylinder. A motor is fixedly connected to the digging cylinder and electrically connected to the control terminal. An output shaft is fixedly connected to the motor and rotatably connected to the digging cylinder. A first sleeve is splined to the output shaft. A cutting component is fixedly connected to the end of the first sleeve away from the motor. A hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the digging cylinder and electrically connected to the control terminal. A second fixing member is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod. A second sleeve is fixedly connected to the second fixing member. The second sleeve is slidably connected to the digging cylinder and rotatably connected to the cutting component. The second fixing member is rotatably connected to the first sleeve. An auger is fixedly connected to the first sleeve, and the first sleeve is equipped with a digging component for auxiliary digging.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the auger is fixedly connected to a scraper, the scraper is slidably connected to the cutting element, and the scraper is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sleeve. The scraper is used to guide the scraped soil.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, the excavation assembly includes a sliding shaft splinedly connected to the first sleeve, and circumferentially distributed cutting tools fixed to the sliding shaft, the cutting tools being placed at an angle to guide the excavated soil upwards.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the output shaft is slidably connected to a second limiting rod, the first sleeve is fixedly connected to a fixing ring, the fixing ring is slidably connected to the second limiting rod, the side of the second limiting rod away from the output shaft is fixedly connected to the sliding shaft, and a second elastic element is fixedly connected between the fixing ring and the sliding shaft.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the cutting element is fixedly connected with circumferentially distributed cutting blades, which cooperate with adjacent cutting tools to clamp and discharge soil from the bottom of the pit.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages: By measuring the change in soil volume near the pit before and after excavation, the present invention reduces the interference of nearby soil. Since the measuring cylinder is based on the upper surface of the annular cylinder and measures the change in soil volume on the lower side of the annular cylinder, the volume of excavated soil can still be accurately measured even on sloping or uneven roads.

[0016] This invention utilizes circumferentially distributed water outlets on the nozzle. As the nozzle sprays water inside the elastic shell, the water from these outlets presses against the edge of the elastic shell, improving the fit between the elastic shell and the pit, thus making the measured pit volume more accurate.

[0017] This invention uses a cutting tool and a cutting blade to excavate a pit. The cutting tool digs out the center of the pit, while the cutting blade digs out the edge of the pit inward, reducing the force-bearing area of ​​the cutting blade. At the same time, the cutting blade trims the edge of the pit, making it easier to measure the volume of the pit.

[0018] This invention utilizes the combined action of a cutting tool and a cutting blade to clamp and hold the remaining soil at the bottom of the pit after it is completed, resulting in a cleaner pit and preventing residual soil from affecting the accuracy of measurements. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal structure of the fixing frame of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the annular cylinder, sliding member, and conduit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drainage component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the measuring component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the annular cylinder and sliding baffle of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the excavation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal parts of the excavator barrel of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing ring and the second elastic element of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the cutting tool and the cutting blade of the present invention; Figure 12 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the cutting tool and cutting component of the present invention.

[0020] Labels in the diagram: 1-Mounting base, 101-Fixing bracket, 102-First hydraulic push rod, 103-Mounting bracket, 104-Second hydraulic push rod, 105-Measuring cylinder, 106-Third hydraulic push rod, 107-Fixing block, 108-Elastic shell, 2-Annular cylinder, 201-Sliding component, 202-Conduit, 3-Water inlet pipe, 301-Pressure sensor, 302-Nozzle, 4-Hydraulic cylinder, 401-Slider, 4011-Piston rod, 402-First elastic component, 403-Pipeline, 404-Sealing block, 405-Sliding baffle, 5-Measuring tube, 501 502-Sliding rod, 503-First limiting rod, 504-Electric telescopic rod, 505-Wheel caster, 506-First fixing component, 6-Fourth hydraulic push rod, 601-Dig barrel, 602-Container barrel, 603-Motor, 604-Output shaft, 605-First sleeve, 606-Cutting component, 607-Hydraulic rod, 608-Second fixing component, 609-Second sleeve, 610-Auger, 6101-Scraper, 7-Sliding shaft, 701-Cutting tool, 8-Second limiting rod, 801-Fixing ring, 802-Second elastic component, 9-Cutting blade. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: A roadbed compaction testing device based on the water-irrigation method, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the device includes a mounting base 1, a fixing frame 101 fixed to the upper side of the mounting base 1, a control terminal disposed on the front side of the fixing frame 101, a first hydraulic push rod 102 fixed to the right side of the fixing frame 101, the first hydraulic push rod 102 being electrically connected to the control terminal, a mounting bracket 103 fixed to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic push rod 102, the mounting bracket 103 being slidably connected to the mounting base 1, a second hydraulic push rod 104 fixed to the mounting bracket 103 and electrically connected to the control terminal, a measuring cylinder 105 fixed to the telescopic end of the second hydraulic push rod 104 via a square block, a third hydraulic push rod 106 fixed to the upper side of the measuring cylinder 105 and electrically connected to the control terminal, a piston fixed to the telescopic end of the third hydraulic push rod 106, the piston at the telescopic end of the third hydraulic push rod 106 being in a sealed sliding connection with the measuring cylinder 105, and the measuring cylinder 105... The measuring cylinder 105 is filled with liquid, which is water, as mentioned here and later. A fixing block 107 is fixed to the lower side of the measuring cylinder 105, and an elastic shell 108 is fixed to the lower side of the fixing block 107. The elastic shell 108 is made of rubber. During the test, the elastic shell 108 fits into the pit in the ground. The volume of the pit is detected by the volume change of the water in the elastic shell 108. The fixing block 107 is equipped with a drainage component for auxiliary drainage. An annular cylinder 2 is fixed to the mounting base 1. A sliding member 201 is slidably connected to the annular cylinder 2. The material on the upper side of the sliding member 201 does not deform. The middle and lower parts of the sliding member 201 are made of elastic rubber and are soft. Liquid is filled between the annular cylinder 2 and the upper side of the sliding member 201. A conduit 202 is connected to the upper part of the annular cylinder 2. A measuring component for measuring the volume of excavated soil is provided on the upper side of the mounting base 1.

[0023] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the drainage assembly includes a water inlet pipe 3, which is slidably and sealed to the middle of the fixed block 107. A pressure sensor 301 is fixedly connected to the measuring cylinder 105 via a square block. The pressure sensor 301 is electrically connected to the control terminal. The pressure sensor 301 detects whether drainage from the water inlet pipe 3 is required. The pressure sensor 301 cooperates with the water inlet pipe 3; during the upward movement of the water inlet pipe 3, it contacts the pressure sensor 301, causing the pressure sensor 301 to output an electrical signal. A nozzle 302 is fixedly connected and connected to the lower end of the water inlet pipe 3. The nozzle 302... The fixing block 107 is a sealed sliding connection. The nozzle 302 is provided with circumferentially distributed water outlet holes, two water outlet holes on the lower side, and a water inlet hole in the middle of the lower side. The water inlet hole in the middle of the lower side of the nozzle 302 is provided with a one-way valve. The one-way valve can only move water from the lower side of the nozzle 302 to the upper side of the nozzle 302. When the nozzle 302 is located inside the fixing block 107, the fixing block 107 seals the circumferential water outlet holes of the nozzle 302. The nozzle 302 is provided with a cavity so that the nozzle 302 can float in the water. The fixing block 107 is provided with a limiting component to restrict the movement of the nozzle 302.

[0024] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the limiting assembly includes two symmetrically distributed hydraulic cylinders 4, both of which are fixed to the outside of the measuring cylinder 105. A slider 401 is slidably connected to the measuring cylinder 105. A first elastic element 402, which is a spring, is fixed between the slider 401 and the measuring cylinder 105. Two symmetrically distributed piston rods 4011 are fixed to the slider 401. The piston rods 4011 pass through the measuring cylinder 105 and are slidably connected to the adjacent hydraulic cylinder 4. The hydraulic cylinder 4 is filled with liquid, which is located below the piston rods 4011. A pipe 403 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hydraulic cylinder 4. Two symmetrically distributed cavities are formed inside the fixing block 107. Pipe 403 passes through measuring cylinder 105 and communicates with adjacent cavities inside fixed block 107. Two symmetrically distributed cavities in fixed block 107 are slidably connected with sealing blocks 404. Sealing blocks 404 are composed of cylinders and square blocks. The cylinder on sealing block 404 is slidably connected with adjacent inner cavities inside fixed block 107. Sealing block 404 cooperates with nozzle 302 and its water outlet. Initially, sealing block 404 contacts nozzle 302 and limits nozzle 302. At the same time, sealing block 404 seals the adjacent water outlet on the lower side of nozzle 302. Circumferentially distributed sliding baffles 405 are slidably connected to the annular cylinder 2. Adjacent sliding baffles 405 are slidably connected to each other.

[0025] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the measuring assembly includes a measuring tube 5 with graduations. The measuring tube 5 is made of transparent material and is fixed to the upper side of the mounting base 1. The measuring tube 5 is connected to the conduit 202. A sliding rod 501 is slidably connected to the upper side of the measuring tube 5, and a sealing plug 502 is fixed to the lower side of the sliding rod 501. The sealing plug 502 is slidably connected to the measuring tube 5 in a sealing manner. The measuring tube 5 is filled with liquid. A handle is fixed to the upper end of the sliding rod 501. After the test is completed, the sliding rod 501 is pulled up by the handle to reset it. A first limiting rod 503 is threaded to the left side of the measuring tube 5. The first limiting rod 503 cooperates with the sliding rod 501 to allow the liquid to flow freely. The first limiting rod 503 is rotated to move left and right within the measuring tube 5, limiting the sliding rod 501. The mounting base 1 is fixedly connected to four circumferentially distributed electric telescopic rods 504, which are located at the four corners of the mounting base 1. The lower side of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 504 is provided with a universal wheel 505, which improves the mobility of the mounting base 1. The mounting base 1 is fixedly connected to four circumferentially distributed first fixing members 506. When the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 504 retracts, the mounting base 1 descends, and the mounting base 1 drives the first fixing members 506 to descend and insert into the soil layer, thus fixing the mounting base 1.

[0026] When using this device to test the compaction of the roadbed, the operator first pulls the fixed frame 101, which is moved by the casters 505 on the mounting base 1 to move the device to the road surface to be tested. Then, the operator starts the four electric telescopic rods 504 through the control terminal. The telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods 504 retract, causing the mounting base 1 to descend. The mounting base 1 drives the parts on it to descend. During the descent of the first fixing member 506, the first fixing member 506 gradually contacts the ground. At the same time, the operator presses down on the first fixing member 506 so that the first fixing member 506 is directly pressed into the ground during the descent. When the electric telescopic rods 504 stop, the lower end of the first fixing member 506 is submerged in the ground and fixes the mounting base 1. Then, the control terminal shuts down the four electric telescopic rods 504.

[0027] When the first fixing member 506 is fixed to the mounting base 1, the annular cylinder 2 falls to contact the ground. Then, the operator rotates the first limiting rod 503 to release the limiting rod 503 from the sliding rod 501. At this time, the liquid in the measuring tube 5 can freely enter the annular cylinder 2. At the same time, the sliding member 201 moves downward under the action of gravity. When the ground is uneven, the rubber on the lower side of the sliding member 201 deforms until the sliding member 201 is completely in contact with the ground. After the sliding member 201 is in contact with the ground, it stops moving. During the downward movement of the sliding member 201, the liquid in the measuring tube 5 enters the annular cylinder 2 under the action of negative pressure, and the liquid level in the measuring tube 5 drops. When the liquid level in the measuring tube 5 stops dropping, the water level in the measuring tube 5 is recorded at this time.

[0028] After the liquid level in the measuring tube 5 stops changing, the operator controls the telescopic end of the second hydraulic push rod 104 to move downwards. The telescopic end of the second hydraulic push rod 104 drives the measuring cylinder 105 and its components to move downwards. Initially, the slider 401 is not in contact with the annular cylinder 2. As the measuring cylinder 105 descends, the slider 401 descends synchronously and gradually comes into contact with the annular cylinder 2. After the slider 401 contacts the annular cylinder 2, the measuring cylinder 105 continues to descend. Under the pressure of the annular cylinder 2, the slider 401 slides into the measuring cylinder 105, and the first elastic element 402 contracts. As the slider 401 slides upwards relative to the measuring cylinder 105, the slider 401 drives the piston rod 4011 to move downwards. As the piston rod 4011 moves upward, it draws liquid from the cavity of the fixed block 107 through the adjacent pipe 403. As the liquid in the fixed block 107 decreases, the sealing block 404 moves outward under the negative pressure. The sealing block 404 gradually releases the seal on the lower nozzle of the nozzle 302 and the limit on the nozzle 302. When the measuring cylinder 105 contacts the annular cylinder 2, the control terminal closes the second hydraulic push rod 104, and the measuring cylinder 105 stops moving. At this time, the sealing block 404 is completely separated from the nozzle 302, releasing the limit on the nozzle 302. Then, the control terminal starts the third hydraulic push rod 106. The extension end of the third hydraulic push rod 106 drives the piston on it to move downward.

[0029] As the telescopic end of the third hydraulic push rod 106 moves downward, the nozzle 302 moves downward under the action of water pressure and its own gravity. The water inlet pipe 3 moves synchronously under the drive of the nozzle 302. When the water inlet pipe 3 moves downward, the upper part of the water inlet pipe 3 disengages from the pressure sensor 301. During the downward movement of the nozzle 302, the liquid in the measuring cylinder 105 is sprayed out through the water inlet pipe 3 from the two water outlets on the lower side of the nozzle 302. After the nozzle 302 disengages from the fixing block 107, the nozzle 302 circumferentially... Water sprays out from the nozzles of the cloth. As the nozzle 302 sprays water, the water gradually expands the elastic shell 108, causing the elastic shell 108 to adhere to the four sliding baffles 405 and the ground. As the water inside the elastic shell 108 gradually increases, the nozzle 302 gradually moves upward under the action of buoyancy. When the nozzle 302 rises, it drives the water inlet pipe 3 to rise until the nozzle 302 enters the fixed block 107. After the nozzle 302 enters the fixed block 107, the water outlets around the nozzle 302 are blocked by the fixed block 107. 7. With the nozzle 302 sealed, water only flows from the two lower outlet holes. When the lower side of the nozzle 302 is flush with the sealing block 404, the water inlet pipe 3 rises to contact the pressure sensor 301. The pressure sensor 301 sends an electrical signal to the control terminal, which then controls the extension end of the third hydraulic push rod 106 to rise and reset. The control terminal records the extreme position of the extension end of the third hydraulic push rod 106 during this process. The result is obtained by comparing the current position of the extension end of the third hydraulic push rod 106 with the diameter of the measuring cylinder 105. When the volume V1 of water inside the elastic shell 108 rises during the upward movement of the telescopic end of the third hydraulic push rod 106, the telescopic end of the third hydraulic push rod 106 drives the piston on it to move upward, and draws water from the elastic shell 108 through the water inlet pipe 3 and the nozzle 302. The water in the elastic shell 108 enters the water inlet pipe 3 through the water inlet hole in the middle of the nozzle 302 and the one-way valve inside it, and enters the measuring cylinder 105 through the water inlet pipe 3. The elastic shell 108 contracts until the third hydraulic push rod 106 completes its reset.

[0030] After the third hydraulic push rod 106 completes its reset, the control terminal starts the second hydraulic push rod 104. The telescopic end of the second hydraulic push rod 104 drives the measuring cylinder 105 to move upward. During the upward movement of the measuring cylinder 105, the first elastic element 402 is released. The first elastic element 402 drives the slider 401 to move downward along the measuring cylinder 105. The slider 401 drives the piston rod 4011 to move downward. The piston rod 4011 squeezes the liquid in the hydraulic cylinder 4, causing the liquid in the hydraulic cylinder 4 to enter the cavity of the fixed block 107 through the pipe 403. The liquid entering the cavity of the fixed block 107 squeezes the sealing block 404, causing the sealing block 404 to gradually limit the nozzle 302. When the slider 401 stops moving, the sealing block 404 limits the nozzle 302 and seals the adjacent water outlet on the lower side of the nozzle 302.

[0031] After the measuring cylinder 105 disengages from the annular cylinder 2, the first hydraulic push rod 102 is activated. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic push rod 102 retracts, and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic push rod 102 drives the second hydraulic push rod 104 to move via the mounting bracket 103. The second hydraulic push rod 104 drives the measuring cylinder 105 to move to the right until the measuring cylinder 105 intersects with the annular cylinder 2. At this time, the workers dig a pit with the same diameter as the inside of the annular cylinder 2 in the middle. During the digging process, if the upper edge of the pit partially collapses, the sliding baffle 405 above the collapse slides downward to reduce the collapse area and improve the flatness of the pit. At the same time, the sliding component 201 moves downward to fill in the collapsed part completely, and the liquid level in the measuring tube 5 is adjusted. After excavation, the height of the descending measuring tube 5 is recorded, and the descending volume V2 is calculated from the descending height. The operator activates the first hydraulic push rod 102. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic push rod 102 moves the measuring cylinder 105 to the upper side of the annular cylinder 2 through the mounting bracket 103. Then, the second hydraulic push rod 104 is activated, which moves the measuring cylinder 105 and its parts downward until the measuring cylinder 105 contacts the annular cylinder 2. At this time, the nozzle 302 is unlocked. Then, the control terminal closes the second hydraulic push rod 104 and activates the third hydraulic push rod 106. The telescopic end of the third hydraulic push rod 106 drives the piston on it to move downward, filling the elastic shell 108 with water through the nozzle 302.

[0032] During the process of spraying water into the elastic shell 108 by the nozzle 302, the elastic shell 108 opens downwards under the pressure of the water until it contacts the bottom of the pit. As the water inside the elastic shell 108 gradually increases, the elastic shell 108 adheres to the pit. During the spraying process by the nozzle 302, the water sprays out through the circumferential nozzle 302, and the sprayed water compresses the edge of the elastic shell 108, improving the adhesion between the elastic shell 108 and the pit, making the measured pit volume more accurate. When the nozzle 302 moves into the fixed block 107 and the water pipe 3 contacts the pressure sensor 301, the above actions are repeated until the measurement is completed. The cylinder 105 is reset, and the volume inside the elastic shell 108 recorded at this time is V3. At this time, V3-V1+V2 is the volume of the excavated soil. Then, the weight of the excavated soil is weighed, and the compaction degree of the roadbed is calculated. Then, the worker pulls the sliding rod 501 upward. The sliding rod 501 drives the sealing plug 502 to move upward, so that the liquid in the annular cylinder 2 enters the measuring tube 5 through the conduit 202, causing the sliding member 201 to rise and reset. After the sliding member 201 is reset, the worker rotates the first limit rod 503 to fix the sliding rod 501, starts the electric telescopic rod 504, and resets the electric telescopic rod 504 for the next measurement.

[0033] By measuring the change in soil volume near the pit before and after excavation, the interference from nearby soil is reduced. Since the measuring cylinder 105 is based on the upper surface of the annular cylinder 2 during measurement, the change in soil volume on the lower side of the annular cylinder 2 is measured. Even on sloping or uneven roads, the volume of excavated soil can still be accurately measured.

[0034] Example 2: Based on Example 1, such as Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, it also includes an excavation mechanism, which is mounted on the mounting base 1. The excavation mechanism is used to excavate a pit. The excavation mechanism includes a fourth hydraulic push rod 6, which is fixed to the mounting frame 103. The telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic push rod 6 is fixed to an excavation cylinder 601 via a square block. A holding cylinder 602 is fixed to the left side of the mounting base 1. A gravity sensor is installed at the bottom of the holding cylinder 602 to detect the weight of the soil inside the holding cylinder 602. The upper side of the excavation cylinder 601 is fixed... A motor 603, electrically connected to a control terminal, is connected to an output shaft 604, which is rotatably connected to a digging cylinder 601. A first sleeve 605 is splined to the output shaft 604, and a cutting element 606, composed of a ring and an inclined block, is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first sleeve 605. When the cutting element 606 rotates, it moves the soil towards the center of the cutting element 606. A hydraulic rod 607, electrically connected to the control terminal, is fixedly connected to the digging cylinder 601. The telescopic end of 07 is fixedly connected to a second fixing member 608, and the second fixing member 608 is fixedly connected to a second sleeve 609. The second sleeve 609 is slidably connected to the excavating cylinder 601 and rotatably connected to the cutting member 606. The diameter of the cutting member 606 is equal to the diameter of the second sleeve 609. When the cutting member 606 rotates, it scrapes away the soil below the second sleeve 609, allowing the second sleeve 609 to move smoothly downwards. The second fixing member 608 is rotatably connected to the first sleeve 605. Next, the first sleeve 605 is fixedly connected to an auger 610, which is used to transport the scraped soil. The auger 610 is fixedly connected to an inclined scraper 6101, which is slidably connected to the cutting element 606. The scraper 6101 is used to guide the scraped soil and guide the soil on the upper side of the cutting element 606 towards the middle during soil discharge, thus cleaning the soil on the upper side of the cutting element 606. The scraper 6101 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sleeve 609. The first sleeve 605 is equipped with an excavation component to assist in excavation.

[0035] like Figures 9-12As shown, the excavation assembly includes a sliding shaft 7, which is splinedly connected to the lower end of the first sleeve 605. Four circumferentially distributed cutters 701 are fixedly connected to the sliding shaft 7. The cutters 701 are tilted and used to guide the excavated soil upwards. During rotation, the cutters 701 move the scraped soil upwards. A cavity is formed in the middle of the output shaft 604, and a second limiting rod 8 is slidably connected within the cavity of the output shaft 604. A fixing ring 801 is fixedly connected to the first sleeve 605. The fixing ring 801 and... The second limiting rod 8 is slidably connected, and the lower end of the second limiting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the sliding shaft 7. A second elastic element 802 is fixedly connected between the fixing ring 801 and the sliding shaft 7. The second elastic element 802 is a spring. The cutting element 606 is fixedly connected with circumferentially distributed cutting blades 9. The cutting blades 9 cooperate with the adjacent cutting blades 701 to clamp and discharge the soil at the bottom of the pit. When the cutting blades 9 and 701 are in contact, the cutting blades 9 and 701 clamp the soil on the lower side to prevent the soil on the upper surface of the cutting blades 701 from falling off.

[0036] When the first hydraulic push rod 102 moves to move the measuring cylinder 105 to intersect with the annular cylinder 2, the telescopic end of the first hydraulic push rod 102 drives the mounting frame 103 to move. During this process, the mounting frame 103 drives the fourth hydraulic push rod 6 to move to the right. When the first hydraulic push rod 102 stops, the digging cylinder 601 aligns with the inner ring of the annular cylinder 2. Then, the fourth hydraulic push rod 6 is activated. The telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic push rod 6 drives the digging cylinder 601 and its components to move downwards. The movement stops when the lower edge of the cutter 701 is flush with the lower side of the annular cylinder 2. At this point, the electric... The motor 603 and hydraulic rod 607 drive the output shaft 604 to rotate clockwise. The output shaft 604 drives the first sleeve 605 to rotate. The first sleeve 605 drives the cutting part 606, the auger 610 and the sliding shaft 7 to rotate. The first sleeve 605 slides in the second fixing member 608. The sliding shaft 7 drives the cutter 701 to rotate, excavating the soil layer. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 607 drives the second fixing member 608 to move downward. The second fixing member 608 drives the second sleeve 609 and the first sleeve 605 to move downward, causing the first sleeve 605 to rotate downward.

[0037] As the first sleeve 605 rotates downwards, the sliding shaft 7 and the cutter 701 first contact the soil layer and compress the second elastic element 802. The second elastic element 802 squeezes the cutter 701, and the clockwise rotation of the cutter 701 excavates the soil layer and guides the excavated soil upwards. After the cutter 701 enters the soil layer, the cutting element 606 begins to enter the soil layer, excavating the soil at the edge and moving it towards the cutter 701. The soil above the cutter 701 contacts the auger 610 through the cutting element 606. The auger 610 rotates clockwise to guide the soil upwards. The auger 610 drives the scraper 6101 to rotate clockwise, and the scraper 6101 guides the soil upwards during its rotation. As the cutting piece 606 moves downwards, the second sleeve 609 moves downwards simultaneously. The edge of the cutting piece 606 is aligned with the edge of the second sleeve 609, allowing the second sleeve 609 to descend smoothly and collect the excavated soil into the second sleeve 609. This prevents the upward-moving soil from compacting the edge of the pit, which would cause inaccurate measurement data.

[0038] As the sliding shaft 7 moves downward, it drives the second limiting rod 8 to slide downward. When the second limiting rod 8 slides down to the limit with the output shaft 604, it stops moving downward. At this time, the first sleeve 605 continues to move. The first sleeve 605 drives the fixing ring 801 to compress the second elastic element 802. The second elastic element 802 contracts. At the same time, the cutting element 606 drives the cutting blade 9 to gradually approach the lower side of the tool 701. When the cutting blade 9 contacts the lower side of the tool 701, the gap between the cutting blade 9 and the tool 701 gradually decreases during the contact process. At the same time, the soil that has entered the cutting blade 9 and the tool 701 is more difficult to fall off. When the cutting blade 9 and the tool 701 contact, the cutting blade 9 and the tool 701 clamp the remaining soil to reduce residue. At the same time, the control terminal shuts off the hydraulic rod 607 and the motor 603.

[0039] After hydraulic rod 607 and motor 603 are closed, the control terminal activates the fourth hydraulic push rod 6. The telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic push rod 6 drives the excavating cylinder 601 to rise. After the excavating cylinder 601 and the second sleeve 609 disengage from the annular cylinder 2, the control terminal activates the first hydraulic push rod 102. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic push rod 102 drives the mounting frame 103 to move to the left. The mounting frame 103, through the second hydraulic push rod 104 and the fourth hydraulic push rod 6, resets the excavating cylinder 601 and the measuring cylinder 105. The excavator is positioned above the holding cylinder 602. Then, the staff started the motor 603 and the hydraulic rod 607. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 607 rose and reset, the second elastic element 802 was released, and the cutting blade 9 and the cutting tool 701 were disconnected, allowing the soil to fall from the middle of the cutting piece 606 into the holding cylinder 602. At the same time, the output shaft 604 of the motor 603 drove the auger 610 to rotate counterclockwise through the transmission, which dislodged the soil downwards. The auger 610 drove the scraper 6101 to rotate counterclockwise. The scraper 6101 gathered the soil above the cutting piece 606 towards the center to prevent it from remaining above the cutting piece 606.

[0040] After the motor 603 and hydraulic rod 607 are reset and stopped, the weight of the excavated soil is detected by the gravity sensor under the container 602. Then, the volume of the excavated pit is checked by the parts inside the measuring cylinder 105, the compaction degree is calculated, and then the soil in the container 602 is discharged for the next inspection.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A roadbed compaction degree testing device based on the water irrigation method, characterized in that, The system includes a mounting base (1), a fixing frame (101) fixedly connected to the mounting base (1), a control terminal provided on the fixing frame (101), a first hydraulic push rod (102) electrically connected to the control terminal fixedly connected to the fixing frame (101), a mounting bracket (103) fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic push rod (102), the mounting bracket (103) slidably connected to the mounting base (1), a second hydraulic push rod (104) electrically connected to the control terminal fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (103), a measuring cylinder (105) fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second hydraulic push rod (104), a third hydraulic push rod (106) fixedly connected to the side of the measuring cylinder (105) away from the mounting base (1), and the third hydraulic push rod (106) electrically connected to the control terminal. The telescopic end of the three hydraulic push rods (106) is fixedly connected to a piston that is slidably connected to the measuring cylinder (105). The measuring cylinder (105) is filled with liquid. A fixing block (107) is fixedly connected to the side of the measuring cylinder (105) near the mounting base (1). An elastic shell (108) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing block (107) away from the measuring cylinder (105). The fixing block (107) is provided with a drainage component for auxiliary drainage. An annular cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (1). A sliding member (201) is slidably connected to the annular cylinder (2). Liquid is filled between the annular cylinder (2) and the sliding member (201). A conduit (202) is connected to the annular cylinder (2). A measuring component for measuring the volume of excavated soil is provided on the upper side of the mounting base (1). The drainage assembly includes a water inlet pipe (3), which is slidably and sealed to the fixed block (107). The measuring cylinder (105) is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor (301) via a square block. The pressure sensor (301) is electrically connected to the control terminal. The pressure sensor (301) cooperates with the water inlet pipe (3). One end of the water inlet pipe (3) away from the pressure sensor (301) is fixedly connected to and communicates with a nozzle (302). The nozzle (302) is slidably and sealed to the fixed block (107). The nozzle (302) is provided with an outlet hole and an inlet hole. The inlet hole of the nozzle (302) is provided with a one-way valve. The nozzle (302) is provided with a cavity. The fixed block (107) is provided with a limiting component that restricts the movement of the nozzle (302). The limiting assembly includes symmetrically distributed hydraulic cylinders (4), the measuring cylinder (105) is slidably connected to a slider (401), the hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to a pipe (403) on the side near the slider (401), the fixed block (107) has symmetrically distributed cavities, the pipe (403) passes through the measuring cylinder (105) and communicates with the adjacent cavity in the fixed block (107), and the symmetrically distributed cavities in the fixed block (107) are all sealed and slidably connected with sealing blocks (404), the sealing blocks (404) cooperate with the nozzle (302) and the water outlet on it; The measuring assembly includes a measuring tube (5), which is fixedly connected to the mounting base (1). The measuring tube (5) is connected to the conduit (202). The measuring tube (5) is slidably connected to a sliding rod (501). The sliding rod (501) is fixedly connected to a sealing plug (502). The sealing plug (502) is slidably connected to the measuring tube (5). The measuring tube (5) is filled with liquid. A handle is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod (501) away from the sealing plug (502). The measuring tube (5) is threadedly connected to a first limiting rod (503). The first limiting rod (503) cooperates with the sliding rod (501).

2. The roadbed compaction testing device based on the irrigation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The symmetrically distributed hydraulic cylinders (4) are all fixed to the measuring cylinder (105). A first elastic element (402) is fixed between the slider (401) and the measuring cylinder (105). The slider (401) is fixed to a symmetrically distributed piston rod (4011). The piston rod (4011) passes through the measuring cylinder (105) and is slidably connected to the adjacent hydraulic cylinder (4). The hydraulic cylinder (4) is filled with liquid. The annular cylinder (2) is slidably connected to a circumferentially distributed sliding baffle (405). The adjacent sliding baffles (405) are slidably connected.

3. The roadbed compaction testing device based on the irrigation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting base (1) is fixedly connected to a circumferentially distributed electric telescopic rod (504), the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (504) is provided with a universal wheel (505), and the mounting base (1) is fixedly connected to a circumferentially distributed first fixing member (506).

4. The roadbed compaction testing device based on the irrigation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a digging mechanism, which is mounted on the mounting base (1) and is used to dig a pit. The digging mechanism includes a fourth hydraulic push rod (6), which is fixed to the mounting frame (103). The telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic push rod (6) is fixed to a digging cylinder (601). The mounting base (1) is fixed to a holding cylinder (602). A gravity sensor is provided at the bottom of the holding cylinder (602). The digging cylinder (601) is fixed to a motor (603), which is electrically connected to the control terminal. The motor (603) is fixed to an output shaft (604), which is rotatably connected to the digging cylinder (601). The output shaft (604) is splined to a first sleeve (605). The first sleeve (605) is fixedly connected to a cutting component (606) at one end away from the motor (603). The digging cylinder (601) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic rod (607). The hydraulic rod (607) is electrically connected to the control terminal. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (607) is fixedly connected to a second fixing component (608). The second fixing component (608) is fixedly connected to a second sleeve (609). The second sleeve (609) is slidably connected to the digging cylinder (601). The second sleeve (609) is rotatably connected to the cutting component (606). The second fixing component (608) is rotatably connected to the first sleeve (605). The first sleeve (605) is fixedly connected to an auger (610). The first sleeve (605) is provided with a digging component for auxiliary digging.

5. A roadbed compaction testing device based on the irrigation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The auger (610) is fixedly connected to a scraper (6101), the scraper (6101) is slidably connected to the cutting element (606), the scraper (6101) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sleeve (609), and the scraper (6101) is used to guide the scraped soil.

6. The roadbed compaction testing device based on the irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The excavation assembly includes a sliding shaft (7), which is splined to the first sleeve (605). The sliding shaft (7) is fixed with circumferentially distributed cutters (701), which are placed at an angle to guide the excavated soil upward.

7. A roadbed compaction testing device based on the irrigation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The output shaft (604) is slidably connected to a second limiting rod (8), and the first sleeve (605) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (801). The fixing ring (801) is slidably connected to the second limiting rod (8), and the side of the second limiting rod (8) away from the output shaft (604) is fixedly connected to the sliding shaft (7). A second elastic element (802) is fixedly connected between the fixing ring (801) and the sliding shaft (7).

8. A roadbed compaction testing device based on the irrigation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cutting component (606) is fixedly connected with circumferentially distributed cutting blades (9), which cooperate with the adjacent cutting tool (701) to clamp and discharge the soil at the bottom of the pit.

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