Tunnel entrance landslide starting mechanism test device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a tunnel entrance landslide starting mechanism test device, and relates to the field of landslide starting mechanism. The tunnel entrance landslide starting mechanism test device comprises a base assembly, a material collecting box assembly and a landslide assembly. The landslide assembly comprises a simulated landslide piece, a first base baffle, a blocking piece, a locking plate, a push plate, a first telescopic driving rod and a material collecting piece. When the push plate drives part of the measured sliding body and the base sliding layer material to fall on the upper side of the locking plate, the measured sliding body and the base sliding layer material fall into the material collecting box through the material falling hole, the material collecting box is pulled out from the side of the simulated landslide groove, the first positioning rod is separated from the second positioning hole, at the same time, the second positioning rod is separated from the first positioning hole, the material collecting box is removed, the waste in the material collecting box is poured out, the cleaning process is simple, the situation that the measured sliding body material and the base sliding layer material accumulate at the top end of the simulated landslide groove is reduced, and after cleaning is completed, installation is performed in the reverse order again.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of landslide initiation mechanism technology, and more specifically, to a test device for landslide initiation mechanism at tunnel entrances. Background Technology

[0002] The self-supporting capacity of tunnel portal sections is relatively weak, especially in shallow strata with weak interlayers, making them prone to landslide geological disasters. A related technology involves a tunnel portal landslide initiation mechanism test device, consisting of a high-speed landslide trough and a sediment collection box. The bottom of the high-speed landslide trough is positioned on the sediment collection box. Inside the high-speed landslide trough are two basic sliding layer plates, with a locking plate in the middle. Different materials are used to construct basic sliding layers within the two basic sliding layer plates as needed. The tested sliding body is constructed at the upper end of the locking plate. A drive push rod is installed at the top of the high-speed landslide trough, pushing the tested sliding body through a thrust plate. However, when the thrust plate retracts after pushing, it easily carries some incompletely slid-down material from the tested sliding body and basic sliding layer into the top of the high-speed landslide trough, making the accumulated tested sliding body and basic sliding layer material difficult to clean. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a test device for the initiation mechanism of landslides at tunnel entrances. The test device collects the tested landslide body and basic slip layer waste material driven by the retraction of the push plate through a collection box, and pours out the waste material in the collection box. The cleaning process is simple and reduces the accumulation of tested landslide body material and basic slip layer material at the top of the simulated landslide trough.

[0004] The tunnel portal landslide initiation mechanism test device according to the embodiments of this application includes: a base assembly, a collection box assembly, and a landslide assembly.

[0005] The base assembly includes a base plate and a telescopic drive component. The bottom end of the telescopic drive component is fixedly connected to the upper side of one end of the base plate. One end of the collection box assembly is located on the upper side of the base plate away from the telescopic drive component. The landslide assembly includes a simulated landslide component, a first basic baffle, a blocking component, a locking plate, a push plate, a first telescopic drive rod, and a receiving component. The simulated landslide component includes a simulated landslide trough, a first positioning plate, and a first positioning rod. The bottom end of the simulated landslide trough is located at one end of the collection box assembly. The output end of the telescopic drive component is hinged to the upper end of the simulated landslide trough. The bottom end of the simulated landslide trough can slide along the collection box assembly. A material drop hole is provided inside the simulated landslide trough. The first basic baffle and the blocking component are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the simulated landslide trough. The locking plate is located inside the simulated landslide trough. The locking plate is located between the first base baffle and the blocking member. The material drop hole is located on the upper side of the first base baffle. One end of the first telescopic drive rod is fixedly connected to the top of the simulated landslide trough. The push plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the first telescopic drive rod. The push plate is located on the upper side of the first base baffle. The first positioning plate and the first positioning rod are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the simulated landslide trough. The first positioning plate has a first positioning hole. The material receiving member includes a material receiving box, a second positioning plate, and a second positioning rod. The second positioning plate and the second positioning rod are fixedly connected to the outer walls at both ends of the material receiving box. The second positioning plate has a second positioning hole. The first positioning rod is inserted into the second positioning hole, and the second positioning rod is inserted into the first positioning hole. The material receiving box is located below the material drop hole.

[0006] According to some embodiments of this application, the telescopic drive component includes a second telescopic drive rod and an ear plate, the output end of the second telescopic drive rod is hinged to the ear plate, and the ear plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper end of the simulated landslide trough.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, a support member is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod, and one end of the support member is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulated landslide trough.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the support includes a base and a bracket, the base is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulated landslide trough, the bracket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod, and the bracket is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the bracket includes a connecting plate and a second support plate. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, one end of the second support plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the connecting plate, and the other end of the second support plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole are configured as oval holes.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the receiving box is provided with pressing plates on both sides, the lower side of the pressing plate is provided as a slope surface, the outer wall of the lower side of the simulated landslide trough is fixedly connected with a pressing part, and there are two pressing parts. The two pressing parts can press against the slope surface under the pressing plate respectively, and the first positioning rod and the second positioning rod can slide along the oval hole.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the pressing part includes a third telescopic drive rod and a pressing rod. Two third telescopic drive rods are provided, and the pressing rod is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two third telescopic drive rods. The pressing rod presses against the slope surface under the pressing plate.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, a limiting sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the clamping rod, a first positioning groove is provided on the lower side of the clamping plate, and the outer wall of the limiting sleeve is inserted into the first positioning groove.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the third telescopic drive rod is configured as an electric push rod.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the material collection box assembly includes a convex material collection box and a pusher. The convex material collection box includes a box body, two fourth telescopic drive rods, and a sealing plate. The box body is disposed at one end of the base plate. The two fourth telescopic drive rods are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the box body. The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth telescopic drive rods and can seal one end of the box body. A sliding groove is formed on the side wall of the box body away from the sealing plate. The pusher includes two fifth telescopic drive rods, a first support plate, a sixth telescopic drive rod, a first pusher plate, two second pusher plates, and a first elastic telescopic rod. One end of the two fifth telescopic drive rods is hinged to the upper side of the base plate. The first support plate is fixedly connected between the two fifth telescopic drive rods and has a second positioning groove. The output end of the sixth telescopic drive rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate and passes through the second positioning groove. The rod can slide along the second positioning groove. A limiting plate is provided on the outer wall of one end of the sixth telescopic drive rod. The limiting plate can support the first support plate. The output ends of the two fifth telescopic drive rods extend into the box body through the slide groove. The output ends of the fifth telescopic drive rods can slide along the slide groove. The first push plate is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two fifth telescopic drive rods. The two second push plates are hinged to both ends of the first push plate. The two ends of the first elastic telescopic rod are respectively hinged to the first push plate and the second push plate. The blocking member includes a blocking plate, a connecting rod, a hinge seat and a seventh telescopic drive rod. The connecting rod is fixedly connected to both ends of the blocking plate. The blocking plate can block the bottom of the simulated landslide trough. The hinge seat is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod. The hinge seat is hinged to the outer walls on both sides of the simulated landslide trough. One end of the seventh telescopic drive rod is hinged to the top end of the connecting rod. The other end of the seventh telescopic drive rod is hinged to both sides of the simulated landslide trough.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, a fixing member is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate. The fixing member includes a mounting base, an eighth telescopic drive rod, and a pressure plate. The mounting base is configured as an inverted U-shape. The eighth telescopic drive rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting base, and the output end of the eighth telescopic drive rod extends into the mounting base. The pressure plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the eighth telescopic drive rod and presses against the outer wall of the box body. Connecting seats are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom end of the simulated landslide trough. Slide tracks are fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the box body. One end of the connecting seat plate is inserted into the slide track and can slide along the slide track. One end of the box body is hinged to the end of the base plate away from the upper side of the telescopic drive member. A vibration assembly is also included, which includes an elastic telescopic frame and two fixed... The elastic telescopic frame comprises a base, a drive motor, a connecting seat, a rotating shaft, and a pressure rod. The elastic telescopic frame includes two second elastic telescopic rods, a fixed plate, and a connecting rod. One end of each of the two second elastic telescopic rods is hinged to the upper side of the base plate, and the output ends of the two second elastic telescopic rods are hinged to the outer wall of the lower side of the simulated landslide trough. The fixed plate is fixedly connected between the two second elastic telescopic rods, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected between the output ends of the two second elastic telescopic rods. Two fixed seats are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the fixed plate. The drive motor and the connecting seat are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two fixed seats. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. The pressure rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft and can press against the connecting rod.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, a reinforcing plate is fixedly connected between the mounting base and the base plate.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the box body, the fixing rod is located below the slide rail, and the pressure plate presses against the fixing rod.

[0019] According to some embodiments of this application, the connecting seat plate includes a plate body, a support rod, and a hinge rod. The support rod and the hinge rod are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the plate body. The support rod is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of one end of the box body. The hinge rod is inserted into the slide rail and can slide along the slide rail.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: when the push plate retracts and causes some of the material of the tested sliding body and the basic sliding layer to fall onto the upper side of the locking plate, the material of the tested sliding body and the basic sliding layer falls into the receiving box through the dropping hole. The receiving box is then pulled out from the side of the simulated landslide trough, the first positioning rod leaves the second positioning hole, and at the same time, the second positioning rod leaves the first positioning hole. The receiving box is then removed, and the waste material in the receiving box is poured out. The cleaning process is simple and reduces the accumulation of the tested sliding body material and the basic sliding layer material at the top of the simulated landslide trough. After cleaning, the installation is carried out in the reverse order.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the test device for the initiation mechanism of landslide at the tunnel entrance according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the base assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a landslide component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a simulated landslide component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the receiving component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the clamping part according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support member according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bracket according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the material collection box assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the pusher component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the barrier according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fastener according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a vibration assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting base plate according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Icons: 100-Base assembly; 110-Base plate; 120-Telescopic drive component; 121-Second telescopic drive rod; 122-Ear plate; 130-Fixing component; 131-Mounting base; 132-Eighth telescopic drive rod; 133-Pressure plate; 134-Reinforcing plate; 200-Collection box assembly; 210-Convex collection box; 211-Box body; 212-Fourth telescopic drive rod; 213-Sealing plate; 220-Slide groove; 230-Push component; 231-First... 232-First support plate; 233-Sixth telescopic drive rod; 234-First pusher plate; 235-Second pusher plate; 236-First elastic telescopic rod; 240-Slide track; 250-Fixing rod; 300-Landslide assembly; 310-Simulated landslide component; 311-Simulated landslide trough; 312-Discharge hole; 313-First positioning plate; 314-First positioning hole; 315-First positioning rod; 316-Connecting seat plate; 3161-Plate body; 3162-Support rod; 3163-Hinge rod; 320-First base baffle; 330-Barrier; 331-Barrier plate; 332-Connecting rod; 333-Hinge seat; 334-Seventh telescopic drive rod; 340-Locking plate; 350-Push plate; 360-First telescopic drive rod; 370-Supporting component; 371-Base; 372-Bracket; 3721-Connecting plate; 3722-Second support plate; 380-Receiving component; 381-Receiving box; 382 - Second positioning plate; 383 - Second positioning hole; 384 - Second positioning rod; 385 - Pressing plate; 386 - Pressing part; 3861 - Third telescopic drive rod; 3862 - Pressing rod; 3863 - Limiting sleeve; 400 - Vibration assembly; 410 - Elastic telescopic frame; 411 - Second elastic telescopic rod; 412 - Fixing plate; 413 - Connecting rod; 420 - Fixing seat; 430 - Drive motor; 440 - Connecting seat; 450 - Rotating shaft; 460 - Pressure rod. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a test apparatus for the initiation mechanism of landslides at the tunnel entrance according to an embodiment of this application.

[0047] like Figures 1-14 As shown, the tunnel portal landslide initiation mechanism test device according to an embodiment of this application includes: a base assembly 100, a collection box assembly 200, and a landslide assembly 300. The base assembly 100 is used to support the collection box assembly 200 and the landslide assembly 300. The collection box assembly 200 is used to collect waste material from the tested landslide body and the basic landslide layer. The landslide assembly 300 is used to simulate a high-speed landslide.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the base assembly 100 includes a base plate 110 and a telescopic drive member 120. The bottom end of the telescopic drive member 120 is fixedly connected to the upper side of one end of the base plate 110. The bottom end of the telescopic drive member 120 is fixedly connected to the upper side of one end of the base plate 110 by bolts. The telescopic drive member 120 includes a second telescopic drive rod 121 and an ear plate 122. The output end of the second telescopic drive rod 121 is hinged to the ear plate 122. The ear plate 122 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper end of the simulated landslide trough 311. Specifically, the ear plate 122 is fixedly connected to the simulated landslide trough 311 by welding.

[0049] In this embodiment, one end of the material collection box assembly 200 is disposed on the upper side of the base plate 110 away from the telescopic drive member 120.

[0050] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the landslide assembly 300 includes a simulated landslide component 310, a first base baffle 320, a barrier component 330, a locking plate 340, a push plate 350, a first telescopic drive rod 360, and a receiving component 380. The simulated landslide component 310 includes a simulated landslide trough 311, a first positioning plate 313, and a first positioning rod 315. The bottom end of the simulated landslide trough 311 is located at one end of the collection box assembly 200. The output end of the telescopic drive component 120 is hinged to the upper end of the simulated landslide trough 311. The bottom end of the simulated landslide trough 311 can slide along the collection box assembly 200. A material drop hole 312 is opened in the simulated landslide trough 311. The first base baffle 320 and the barrier component 330 are respectively located at... Regarding the upper and lower ends of the simulated landslide trough 311, it should be noted that the first basic baffle 320 is welded and fixed to the interior of the upper end of the simulated landslide trough 311. A locking plate 340 is disposed inside the simulated landslide trough 311, located between the first basic baffle 320 and the barrier 330. The material discharge hole 312 is located on the upper side of the first basic baffle 320. One end of the first telescopic drive rod 360 is fixedly connected to the top of the interior of the simulated landslide trough 311. Specifically, one end of the first telescopic drive rod 360 is fixedly connected to the top of the interior of the simulated landslide trough 311 by bolts. A push plate 350 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first telescopic drive rod 360. The push plate 350... 50 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first telescopic drive rod 360 by bolts or welding. The push plate 350 is located on the upper part of the first base baffle 320. The first positioning plate 313 and the first positioning rod 315 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the simulated landslide trough 311. Specifically, the first positioning plate 313 and the first positioning rod 315 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the simulated landslide trough 311 by welding. The first positioning plate 313 has a first positioning hole 314. In use, a basic sliding layer is built between the first base baffle 320 and the barrier 330, and the sliding body to be measured is built on the upper side of the locking plate 340. The first telescopic drive rod 360 is opened. Push plate 350 is pushed, and push plate 350 presses against the tested sliding body. The tested sliding body presses against locking plate 340. The thrust of the first telescopic drive rod 360 is gradually increased until locking plate 340 breaks. The tested sliding body slides down to simulate a high-speed landslide. Vibration sensors and motion sensors are used. The specific settings of vibration sensors and motion sensors are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. Vibration sensors and motion sensors are not shown in the figure. The motion sensor monitors the velocity and acceleration changes of the landslide at the moment the locking plate 340 breaks and during its subsequent movement. The vibration sensor monitors the ground motion characteristics caused by the landslide at the moment the locking plate 340 breaks and during its subsequent movement.

[0051] like Figure 5As shown, the receiving component 380 includes a receiving box 381, a second positioning plate 382, ​​and a second positioning rod 384. The second positioning plate 382 and the second positioning rod 384 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both ends of the receiving box 381. A second positioning hole 383 is provided on the second positioning plate 382. The first positioning rod 315 is inserted into the second positioning hole 383, and the second positioning rod 384 is inserted into the first positioning hole 314. The receiving box 381 is located below the discharge hole 312. The first positioning hole 314 and the second positioning hole 383 are set as oval holes. A clamping plate 385 is provided on both sides of the receiving box 381. The lower side of the clamping plate 385 is set as a slope surface. A clamping part 386 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower side of the simulated landslide trough 311. There are two clamping parts 386, and the two clamping parts 386 can respectively... The first positioning rod 315 and the second positioning rod 384 can slide along the oval hole, pressing firmly against the slope surface under the pressing plate 385. When the push plate 350 retracts, it causes some of the material of the tested sliding body and the basic sliding layer to fall onto the upper side of the locking plate 340. The material of the tested sliding body and the basic sliding layer falls into the receiving box 381 through the dropping hole 312. The receiving box 381 is pulled out from the side of the simulated landslide trough 311, the first positioning rod 315 leaves the second positioning hole 383, and at the same time, the second positioning rod 384 leaves the first positioning hole 314. The receiving box 381 is removed, and the waste material in the receiving box 381 is poured out. The cleaning process is simple and reduces the accumulation of the tested sliding body material and the basic sliding layer material at the top of the simulated landslide trough 311. After cleaning, the installation is carried out in the reverse order.

[0052] like Figure 6As shown, the clamping part 386 includes a third telescopic drive rod 3861 and a clamping rod 3862. Two third telescopic drive rods 3861 are provided, and the clamping rod 3862 is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two third telescopic drive rods 3861. The clamping rod 3862 is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two third telescopic drive rods 3861 by welding. The clamping rod 3862 presses against the slope surface under the clamping plate 385, and a limit sleeve 3863 is fixedly sleeved on the clamping rod 3862. The limiting sleeve 3863 and the clamping rod 3862 are an integral structure. A first positioning groove is provided on the lower side of the clamping plate 385. The outer wall of the limiting sleeve 3863 is inserted into the first positioning groove, which restricts the movement of the limiting sleeve 3863 and reduces the movement of the receiving box 381. The third telescopic drive rod 3861 is an electric push rod. When the receiving box 381 is inserted from the side of the simulated landslide trough 311, the first positioning rod 315 is inserted into the second positioning hole 383. Simultaneously, the second positioning rod 38... 4. Insert the first positioning hole 314, then open the third telescopic drive rod 3861. The third telescopic drive rod 3861 drives the clamping rod 3862 to move towards the receiving box 381. The clamping rod 3862 gradually presses against the slope surface under the clamping plate 385. During this process, the first positioning rod 315 slides along the second positioning hole 383, and at the same time, the second positioning rod 384 slides along the first positioning hole 314. The clamping rod 3862 pushes the receiving box 381 to gradually press against the lower side of the simulated landslide trough 311, thus collecting the material. Box 381 is located below the material drop hole 312. The limiting sleeve 3863 is inserted into the first positioning groove to restrict the movement of the receiving box 381 and press and fix the receiving box 381 to the lower side of the simulated landslide trough 311. The fixing method is simple and reduces the possibility of the receiving box 381 falling due to accidental contact by the operator. Before the receiving box 381 is pulled out, the third telescopic drive rod 3861 drives the clamping rod 3862 away from the clamping plate 385 to release the clamping and fixing state, and then the receiving box 381 is pulled out.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, a support member 370 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod 360. One end of the support member 370 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulated landslide trough 311. The support member 370 includes a base 371 and a bracket 372. The base 371 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulated landslide trough 311. In this embodiment, the base 371 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulated landslide trough 311 by welding. The bracket 372 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod 360 and the upper end of the base 371. The base 371 and the bracket 372 support the first telescopic drive rod 360, so that both ends of the first telescopic drive rod 360 are supported, thereby improving the stress situation of the first telescopic drive rod 360.

[0054] like Figure 8As shown, the bracket 372 includes a connecting plate 3721 and a second support plate 3722. The connecting plate 3721 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base 371. Preferably, the connecting plate 3721 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base 371 by bolts. One end of the second support plate 3722 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the connecting plate 3721. It should be noted that the second support plate 3722 is fixed to the connecting plate 3721 by welding. The other end of the second support plate 3722 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod 360. When disassembling the first telescopic drive rod 360, the connecting bolts between the connecting plate 3721 and the base 371 are released, and then the connecting bolts between the first telescopic drive rod 360 and the interior of the simulated landslide trough 311 are released, so that the first telescopic drive rod 360 can be removed.

[0055] like Figure 9 As shown, in the related technology, the tested sliding material in the tunnel portal landslide initiation mechanism test device falls into the accumulation collection box. After the test, the waste in the accumulation collection box still needs to be cleaned manually. When different basic sliding layer structural materials are replaced, the basic sliding layer material between the two basic sliding layer plates also needs to be cleaned manually. The accumulation collection box is surrounded by a structure, and the basic sliding layer plates and the high-speed landslide trough are also surrounded by a structure. Manual cleaning requires continuously shoveling the waste out of the accumulation collection box and the high-speed landslide trough. The cleaning process is complex, labor-intensive, and time-consuming. The collection box assembly 200 includes a convex collection box 210 and a pusher 230. The convex collection box 210 includes a box body 211, two fourth telescopic drive rods 212, and a sealing plate. 213, the box body 211 is set at one end of the base plate 110, and two fourth telescopic drive rods 212 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the box body 211. Specifically, the two fourth telescopic drive rods 212 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the box body 211 by screws. The sealing plate 213 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth telescopic drive rod 212. The sealing plate 213 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth telescopic drive rod 212 by screws or welding. The sealing plate 213 can seal one end of the box body 211 and block the test material sliding down the simulated landslide trough 311, reducing the scattering of the test material sliding down the simulated landslide trough 311 during the test. The side wall of the box body 211 away from the sealing plate 213 is provided with a sliding groove 220.

[0056] like Figure 10As shown, the pusher component 230 includes two fifth telescopic drive rods 231, a first support plate 232, a sixth telescopic drive rod 233, a first pusher plate 234, two second pusher plates 235, and a first elastic telescopic rod 236. One end of each of the two fifth telescopic drive rods 231 is hinged to the upper side of the base plate 110. The first support plate 232 is fixedly connected between the two fifth telescopic drive rods 231. The first support plate 232 is fixedly connected between the two fifth telescopic drive rods 231 by welding or integral fixing. A second positioning groove is provided on the first support plate 232. The output end of the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate 110. Preferably, the output end of the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate 110 by bolts. The sixth telescopic drive rod 233 can slide along the second positioning groove after passing through the second positioning groove. A limit plate is provided on the outer wall of one end of the sixth telescopic drive rod 233. The limit plate can support the first support plate 232. The output ends of the two fifth telescopic drive rods 231 extend into the box 211 through the slide groove 220. The output ends of the fifth telescopic drive rods 231 can slide along the slide groove 220. The first push plate 234 is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two fifth telescopic drive rods 231. In this embodiment, the first push plate 234 is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two fifth telescopic drive rods 231 by screws or welding. The two second push plates 235 are hinged to both ends of the first push plate 234. The two ends of the first elastic telescopic rod 236 are respectively hinged to the first push plate 234 and the second push plate 235.

[0057] like Figure 11As shown, the barrier component 330 includes a barrier plate 331, a connecting rod 332, a hinge seat 333, and a seventh telescopic drive rod 334. The connecting rod 332 is fixedly connected to both ends of the barrier plate 331. Specifically, the connecting rod 332 is fixedly connected to both ends of the barrier plate 331 by welding. The barrier plate 331 can block the bottom of the simulated landslide trough 311. The hinge seat 333 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 332. The hinge seat 333 and the connecting rod 332 are an integral structure. The hinge seat 333 is hinged to the outer walls on both sides of the simulated landslide trough 311. One end of the seventh telescopic drive rod 334 is hinged to the top of the connecting rod 332, and the other end of the seventh telescopic drive rod 334 is hinged to both sides of the simulated landslide trough 311. When it is necessary to clean the material of the tested landslide body and the basic landslide layer, the seventh telescopic drive rod is opened. The seventh telescopic drive rod 334 retracts, causing the connecting rod 332 to rotate around the hinge of the hinge seat 333. The other end of the connecting rod 332 causes the baffle plate 331 to flip up, leaving the baffle plate 331 at the bottom of the simulated landslide trough 311. The base sliding layer and the remaining material of the tested sliding body on the base sliding layer slide into the box 211 under the action of gravity. Then, the fourth telescopic drive rod 212 is opened, causing the sealing plate 213 to leave the box 211, opening one end of the box 211. The fifth telescopic drive rod 231 is then opened, causing the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 to move. The first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 push the contents of the box 211. When the first pusher plate 234 leaves the narrower part of the box body 211, under the elastic force of the first elastic telescopic rod 236, the second pusher plate 235 unfolds around both ends of the first pusher plate 234 until the second pusher plate 235 fits against the side wall of the wider part of the box body 211. The fifth telescopic drive rod 231 continues to push out, and the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 continue to push the waste that has moved to the wider part of the box body 211 until the waste is pushed away from the opening of the box body 211. The sixth telescopic drive rod 233 is then opened, and the limiting plate on the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 pushes the first support plate 232 to rise. The output end of the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 slides along the slide groove 220, reducing the distance between the box body 211 and the sixth telescopic drive rod 233. With the interference of 33, the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 move away from the bottom of the box 211, and retract the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 to reduce the accumulation of waste material on the back of the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235. After the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 are retracted, the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 is also retracted. Under the action of gravity, the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 adhere to the bottom of the box 211 and push to clean it. This process is repeated until the waste material is cleared out of the box 211. By unfolding the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235, the accumulation of waste material on both sides of the box 211 is reduced. At the same time, the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 drives the first support plate 232.The first support plate 232 drives the fifth telescopic drive rod 231 to rotate. The fifth telescopic drive rod 231 causes the height of the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 to change. Through the end of the second pusher plate 235, the waste material remaining on the side wall of the box 211 can be scraped off. The cleaning process is simple, requires little manpower, and is quick.

[0058] like Figure 12 As shown, in related technologies, when cleaning the materials of the tested sliding body and the basic sliding layer in the tunnel portal landslide initiation mechanism test device, the waste material on the upper part of the box 211 and the simulated landslide trough 311 is easily adsorbed and adhered, resulting in poor cleaning effect. Manual intervention is often required, and it is not convenient to clean the waste material on the upper part of the box 211 and the simulated landslide trough 311 that is adsorbed and adhered at the same time. A fixing component 130 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base plate 110. The fixing component 130 includes a mounting base 131, an eighth telescopic drive rod 132 and a pressure plate 133. The mounting base 131 is configured as an inverted U-shape. Specifically, the mounting base 131 is fixed to the upper side of the base plate 110 by welding. The eighth telescopic drive rod 132 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting base 131. Preferably, the eighth telescopic drive rod 132 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting base 131 by bolts. The output end of the eighth telescopic drive rod 132 extends into the mounting base 131. The pressure plate 133 is fixedly connected to the output end of the eighth telescopic drive rod 132. It should be noted that the pressure plate 133 is fixedly connected to the eighth telescopic drive rod 131 by welding. The output end of the telescopic drive rod 132 is pressed against the outer wall of the box 211 by the pressure plate 133. Connecting seats 316 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom end of the simulated landslide trough 311. Slide tracks 240 are fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the box 211. Specifically, the slide tracks 240 are fixed to the box 211 by welding. One end of the connecting seat 316 is inserted into the slide track 240 and can slide along the slide track 240. One end of the box 211 is hinged to the end of the base plate 110 away from the upper side of the telescopic drive component 120. The mounting base 131 and the base plate 110 are... A reinforcing plate 134 is fixedly connected between the mounting base 131 and the base plate 110 by welding. The reinforcing plate 134 strengthens the mounting base 131. A fixing rod 250 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the box body 211 by welding. The fixing rod 250 is located below the slide rail 240. A pressure plate 133 presses against the fixing rod 250. By pressing and fixing the fixing rod 250 with the pressure plate 133, the box body 211 is pressed against the upper side of the base plate 110.

[0059] like Figure 13As shown, the tunnel portal landslide initiation mechanism test device also includes a vibration assembly 400. The vibration assembly 400 includes an elastic telescopic frame 410, two fixed seats 420, a drive motor 430, a connecting seat 440, a rotating shaft 450, and a pressure rod 460. The elastic telescopic frame 410 includes two second elastic telescopic rods 411, a fixing plate 412, and a connecting rod 413. One end of each of the two second elastic telescopic rods 411 is hinged to the upper side of the base plate 110, and the output end of each of the two second elastic telescopic rods 411 is hinged to the outer wall of the lower side of the simulated landslide trough 311. The fixing plate 412 is fixedly connected between the two second elastic telescopic rods 411 by welding. The connecting rod 413 is fixedly connected to the base plate 410. In this embodiment, a connecting rod 413 is fixedly connected to the output ends of the two second elastic telescopic rods 411 by welding. Two fixed seats 420 are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the fixed plate 412. It should be noted that the two fixed seats 420 are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the fixed plate 412 by welding. The drive motor 430 and the connecting seat 440 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two fixed seats 420. Preferably, the drive motor 430 and the connecting seat 440 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two fixed seats 420 by bolts. One end of the rotating shaft 450 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 430. Specifically, one end of the rotating shaft 450 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 430 by welding. The other end of shaft 450 is rotatably connected to connecting seat 440. Pressure rod 460 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of shaft 450. Pressure rod 460 can press against connecting rod 413. When the base slip layer and the test slip material remaining on the base slip layer slide into box 211 along simulated landslide trough 311 under the action of gravity, the eighth telescopic drive rod 132 is opened. The eighth telescopic drive rod 132 drives the pressure plate 133 to rise, releasing the pressure plate 133 from pressing the fixed rod 250, so that box 211 can rotate around the hinge at one end. Under the elastic force of the second elastic telescopic rod 411, the second elastic telescopic rod 411 pushes the simulated landslide trough 311, and the bottom end of the simulated landslide trough 311 rises. When the bottom end of the simulated landslide trough 311 rises, connecting seat plate 316 drives box 211 to rotate. As the simulated landslide trough 311 moves, one end of the box 211 rises and tilts. Simultaneously, the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 is adjusted so that its output end is in the middle of the slide groove 220, reducing interference between the output end of the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 and the box 211 when the simulated landslide trough 311 and the box 211 vibrate. The drive motor 430 is then turned on, causing the rotating shaft 450 to rotate. The rotating shaft 450 then rotates the pressure rod 460. During the rotation of the pressure rod 460, it gradually presses against the connecting rod 413. The connecting rod 413 causes the output end of the second elastic telescopic rod 411 to retract. When the pressure rod 460 passes the connecting rod 413, under the elastic force of the second elastic telescopic rod 411, the simulated landslide trough 311 and the box 211 move upward.The pressure rod 460 repeatedly presses and releases the connecting rod 413, simulating the continuous shaking of the landslide trough 311 and the box 211. During the shaking, the waste material remaining in the simulated landslide trough 311 slides into the box 211 along the simulated landslide trough 311. During the shaking of the box 211, the waste material in the box 211 continuously gathers towards the sealing plate 213. The eighth telescopic drive rod 132 is opened to fix the box 211, the sealing plate 213 is opened, and the pusher 230 is activated. The waste material gathers on the sealing plate 213, making it easier for the pusher 230 to push the waste material away from the box 211. 1. Reduce the number of repetitive movements of the pusher 230. After pushing, retract the eighth telescopic drive rod 132 and continue shaking to shake off the residual waste material on the upper part of the box 211 and the simulated landslide trough 311 caused by adsorption and adhesion. The residual waste material continuously gathers towards the sealing plate 213, and some falls off the box 211. After the collection is completed, the waste material that has not fallen off is pushed away by the pusher 230, improving the overall cleaning effect. At the same time, a set of elastic telescopic frames 410 achieves the purpose of simultaneous vibration of the box 211 and the simulated landslide trough 311.

[0060] like Figure 14 As shown, the connecting seat plate 316 includes a plate body 3161, a support rod 3162 and a hinge rod 3163. The support rod 3162 and the hinge rod 3163 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of one side of the plate body 3161. The support rod 3162 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of one end of the box body 211. The hinge rod 3163 is inserted into the slide rail 240 and can slide along the slide rail 240.

[0061] Specifically, the working principle of the tunnel entrance landslide initiation mechanism test device is as follows: When the push plate 350 retracts, it causes some of the material of the tested sliding body and the basic sliding layer to fall onto the upper side of the locking plate 340. The material of the tested sliding body and the basic sliding layer falls into the receiving box 381 through the dropping hole 312. The receiving box 381 is pulled out from the side of the simulated landslide trough 311, the first positioning rod 315 leaves the second positioning hole 383, and at the same time, the second positioning rod 384 leaves the first positioning hole 314. The receiving box 381 is removed, and the waste material in the receiving box 381 is poured out. The cleaning process is simple and reduces the accumulation of the tested sliding body material and the basic sliding layer material at the top of the simulated landslide trough 311. After cleaning, the installation is carried out in the reverse order.

[0062] When the receiving box 381 is inserted into the side of the simulated landslide trough 311, the first positioning rod 315 is inserted into the second positioning hole 383, and at the same time, the second positioning rod 384 is inserted into the first positioning hole 314. Then, the third telescopic drive rod 3861 is opened, and the third telescopic drive rod 3861 drives the clamping rod 3862 to move towards the receiving box 381. The clamping rod 3862 gradually presses against the slope surface under the clamping plate 385. During the process, the first positioning rod 315 slides along the second positioning hole 383, and at the same time, the second positioning rod 384 slides along the first positioning hole 314, and the clamping rod 3862... The receiving box 381 is pushed to gradually press against the lower side of the simulated landslide trough 311. The receiving box 381 is located below the material drop hole 312. The limiting sleeve 3863 is inserted into the first positioning groove to restrict the movement of the receiving box 381. The receiving box 381 is pressed and fixed to the lower side of the simulated landslide trough 311. The fixing method is simple and reduces the possibility of the receiving box 381 falling due to accidental contact by the operator. Before the receiving box 381 is pulled out, the third telescopic drive rod 3861 drives the pressing rod 3862 to leave the pressing plate 385, releasing the pressing and fixing state, and then the receiving box 381 is pulled out.

[0063] When it is necessary to clean the material of the tested sliding body and the basic sliding layer, open the seventh telescopic drive rod 334. The seventh telescopic drive rod 334 retracts and drives the connecting rod 332 to rotate around the hinge of the hinge seat 333. The other end of the connecting rod 332 drives the baffle plate 331 to flip up. The baffle plate 331 leaves the bottom of the simulated landslide trough 311. The basic sliding layer and the material of the tested sliding body remaining on the basic sliding layer slide into the box 211 along the simulated landslide trough 311. Then open the fourth telescopic drive rod 212. The fourth telescopic drive rod 212 drives the sealing plate 213 to leave the box 211. One end of the box 211 opens. Open the fifth telescopic drive rod 231. Rod 231 drives the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 to move. The first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 push the waste material inside the box 211. When the first pusher plate 234 leaves the narrower part of the box 211, under the elastic force of the first elastic telescopic rod 236, the second pusher plate 235 unfolds around both ends of the first pusher plate 234 until the second pusher plate 235 fits against the side wall of the wider part of the box 211. The fifth telescopic drive rod 231 continues to push out, and the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 continue to push the waste material that has moved to the wider part of the box 211 until the waste material is pushed away from the opening of the box 211. 1. Open the sixth telescopic drive rod 233. The limiting plate on the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 pushes the first support plate 232 to rise. The output end of the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 slides along the slide groove 220, reducing interference between the box 211 and the sixth telescopic drive rod 233. The first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 leave the bottom of the box 211. Retract the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 to reduce the accumulation of waste material on the back of the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235. After the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235 are retracted, retract the sixth telescopic drive rod 233. Under the action of gravity, the first pusher plate 234 and the second pusher plate 235... The material plate 235 is attached to the bottom of the box body 211 and pushed to clean it. This process is repeated until the waste material is removed from the box body 211. The first push plate 234 and the second push plate 235 are extended to reduce the accumulation of waste material on both sides of the box body 211. At the same time, the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 drives the first support plate 232, which in turn drives the fifth telescopic drive rod 231 to rotate. The fifth telescopic drive rod 231 causes the height of the first push plate 234 and the second push plate 235 to change. The end of the second push plate 235 can scrape off the waste material remaining on the side wall of the box body 211. The cleaning process is simple, requires little manpower, and is quick.

[0064] When the base slip layer and the remaining test material on the base slip layer slide into the box 211 along the simulated landslide trough 311 under the action of gravity, the eighth telescopic drive rod 132 is opened. The eighth telescopic drive rod 132 drives the pressure plate 133 to rise, releasing the pressure plate 133 from the fixed rod 250, allowing the box 211 to rotate around the hinge at one end. Under the elastic force of the second elastic telescopic rod 411, the second elastic telescopic rod 411 pushes the simulated landslide trough 311, and the bottom end of the simulated landslide trough 311 rises. When the bottom end of the simulated landslide trough 311 rises, the connecting seat plate 316 drives the box 211 to rotate, and one end of the box 211 rises. 11. Tilt the rod and simultaneously adjust the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 so that its output end is in the middle of the slide 220. Turn on the drive motor 430, which drives the rotating shaft 450 to rotate. The rotating shaft 450 drives the pressure rod 460 to rotate. During the rotation of the pressure rod 460, it gradually presses against the connecting rod 413. The connecting rod 413 drives the output end of the second elastic telescopic rod 411 to retract. When the pressure rod 460 passes the connecting rod 413, under the elastic force of the second elastic telescopic rod 411, it simulates the upward movement of the landslide trough 311 and the box 211. The pressure rod 460 repeatedly presses against and releases the connecting rod 413, simulating... The landslide trough 311 and the box 211 vibrate continuously. During the vibration, the waste material remaining in the simulated landslide trough 311 slides into the box 211 along the simulated landslide trough 311. During the vibration of the box 211, the waste material in the box 211 continuously gathers towards the sealing plate 213. The eighth telescopic drive rod 132 is opened to fix the box 211, the sealing plate 213 is opened, and the pusher 230 is activated. The waste material gathers on the sealing plate 213, making it easier for the pusher 230 to push the waste material away from the box 211, reducing the number of times the pusher 230 moves repeatedly. After pushing, the eighth telescopic drive rod 132 is retracted, and the vibration continues, causing the box 211 and the simulated landslide trough 211 to vibrate. The residual waste material on the upper part of the slope 311 due to adsorption and adhesion is shaken off. The residual waste material continuously gathers towards the sealing plate 213, and some falls into the box 211. After the collection is completed, the waste material that does not fall is pushed away by the pusher 230, which improves the overall cleaning effect. At the same time, through a set of elastic telescopic frame 410, the box 211 and the simulated landslide trough 311 vibrate simultaneously. Meanwhile, by adjusting the sixth telescopic drive rod 233, the output end of the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 is placed in the middle of the slope 220, which reduces the interference between the output end of the sixth telescopic drive rod 233 and the box 211 when the simulated landslide trough 311 and the box 211 vibrate.

[0065] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the first telescopic drive rod 360, the second telescopic drive rod 121, the third telescopic drive rod 3861, the fourth telescopic drive rod 212, the fifth telescopic drive rod 231, the sixth telescopic drive rod 233, the seventh telescopic drive rod 334, the eighth telescopic drive rod 132, and the drive motor 430 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection and calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0066] The power supply and operating principle of the first telescopic drive rod 360, the second telescopic drive rod 121, the third telescopic drive rod 3861, the fourth telescopic drive rod 212, the fifth telescopic drive rod 231, the sixth telescopic drive rod 233, the seventh telescopic drive rod 334, the eighth telescopic drive rod 132, and the drive motor 430 are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0067] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0068] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test device for the initiation mechanism of landslides at tunnel entrances, characterized in that, include: The base assembly (100) includes a base plate (110) and a telescopic drive member (120), the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the upper side of one end of the base plate (110). A material collection box assembly (200), one end of which is disposed on the upper side of the base plate (110) away from the telescopic drive member (120); A landslide assembly (300) includes a simulated landslide component (310), a first base baffle (320), a barrier component (330), a locking plate (340), a push plate (350), a first telescopic drive rod (360), and a receiving component (380). The simulated landslide component (310) includes a simulated landslide trough (311), a first positioning plate (313), and a first positioning rod (315). The bottom end of the simulated landslide trough (311) is located at one end of the collection box assembly (200), and the output end of the telescopic drive rod (120) is hinged to the receiving component. The simulated landslide trough (311) has an upper end and a bottom end that can slide along the collection box assembly (200). A material drop hole (312) is provided inside the simulated landslide trough (311). The first base baffle (320) and the barrier (330) are respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the simulated landslide trough (311). The locking plate (340) is disposed inside the simulated landslide trough (311) and is located between the first base baffle (320) and the barrier (330). The material drop hole (312)... Located on the upper side of the first base baffle (320), one end of the first telescopic drive rod (360) is fixedly connected to the top of the simulated landslide trough (311), the push plate (350) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first telescopic drive rod (360), the push plate (350) is located on the upper part of the first base baffle (320), the first positioning plate (313) and the first positioning rod (315) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls on both sides of the simulated landslide trough (311), the first positioning plate (313) is provided with a first positioning hole (314), and so on. The receiving component (380) includes a receiving box (381), a second positioning plate (382), and a second positioning rod (384). The second positioning plate (382) and the second positioning rod (384) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both ends of the receiving box (381). The second positioning plate (382) has a second positioning hole (383). The first positioning rod (315) is inserted into the second positioning hole (383), and the second positioning rod (384) is inserted into the first positioning hole (314). The receiving box (381) is located below the discharge hole (312).

2. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslides at tunnel entrances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic drive component (120) includes a second telescopic drive rod (121) and an ear plate (122). The output end of the second telescopic drive rod (121) is hinged to the ear plate (122), and the ear plate (122) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper end of the simulated landslide trough (311).

3. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslides at tunnel entrances according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support member (370) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod (360), and one end of the support member (370) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulated landslide trough (311).

4. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslide at the tunnel entrance according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support member (370) includes a base (371) and a bracket (372). The base (371) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the simulated landslide trough (311), and the bracket (372) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod (360). The bracket (372) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base (371).

5. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslides at tunnel entrances according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bracket (372) includes a connecting plate (3721) and a second support plate (3722). The connecting plate (3721) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base (371). One end of the second support plate (3722) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the connecting plate (3721), and the other end of the second support plate (3722) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first telescopic drive rod (360).

6. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslide at the tunnel entrance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first positioning hole (314) and the second positioning hole (383) are configured as oval holes.

7. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslides at tunnel entrances according to claim 6, characterized in that, The receiving box (381) is provided with pressing plates (385) on both sides. The lower side of the pressing plate (385) is set as a slope surface. The outer wall of the lower side of the simulated landslide trough (311) is fixedly connected with a pressing part (386). There are two pressing parts (386). The two pressing parts (386) can press against the slope surface under the pressing plate (385) respectively. The first positioning rod (315) and the second positioning rod (384) can slide along the oval hole.

8. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslide at the tunnel entrance according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressing part (386) includes a third telescopic drive rod (3861) and a pressing rod (3862). There are two third telescopic drive rods (3861). The pressing rod (3862) is fixedly connected to the output end of the two third telescopic drive rods (3861). The pressing rod (3862) presses against the slope surface under the pressing plate (385).

9. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslide at the tunnel entrance according to claim 8, characterized in that, A limiting sleeve (3863) is fixedly sleeved on the clamping rod (3862), and a first positioning groove is provided on the lower side of the clamping plate (385). The outer wall of the limiting sleeve (3863) is inserted into the first positioning groove.

10. The test device for the initiation mechanism of landslides at tunnel entrances according to claim 9, characterized in that, The third telescopic drive rod (3861) is configured as an electric push rod.

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