Nozzle and direct condenser

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of ship power technology, and provides a nozzle and a direct condenser. The nozzle comprises a pipeline and an adjusting assembly. The pipeline has a flow channel defined in the interior thereof, and the flow channel has an inlet end and an outlet end. The adjusting assembly is arranged at the outlet end, and the peripheral wall of the adjusting assembly can rotate towards the central axis of the flow channel to make the liquid in the flow channel sprayed through the spray channel formed by the adjusting assembly. According to the flow of the cooling liquid in the flow channel, the peripheral wall of the adjusting assembly can rotate towards the central axis of the spray channel to adaptively adjust the shape of the spray channel, so that the flow state and flow resistance of the cooling liquid in the spray channel are regulated under different working conditions. The cooling liquid can be fully expanded in a wide flow range, a liquid film with thin thickness and large area is obtained, the stability of the liquid film is good, the film forming quality is high in a wide cooling liquid flow range, and the condensation heat transfer coefficient and working performance of the direct condenser in a wide working condition range are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine power technology, and in particular to a nozzle and a direct-mix condenser. Background Technology

[0002] The condenser is an important piece of equipment in a high-power marine propulsion system that uses the steam Rankine cycle principle. Its main functions are to condense the exhaust steam from the steam turbine into water, efficiently remove the heat load from the steam turbine exhaust steam, and establish and maintain a high vacuum back pressure at the steam turbine exhaust port to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the steam turbine and high heat-work conversion efficiency.

[0003] Traditional shell-and-tube condensers are based on surface condensation. When turbine exhaust steam comes into contact with the outer surface of the condenser tube bundle, it is cooled by the circulating water inside the condenser tube bundle, releasing its latent heat of vaporization and turning into condensate. The released latent heat is carried away by the circulating water inside the condenser tube bundle, causing the turbine exhaust steam to continuously condense, resulting in a sharp reduction in the exhaust steam volume. The space that was originally filled with steam forms a high vacuum, thus establishing and maintaining the high vacuum back pressure required for turbine operation. Shell-and-tube condensers are widely used and technologically mature, but because they use the surface condensation principle of condenser tube bundles, they are heavy, large in size, and complex in structure, requiring a large amount of valuable compartment space, which restricts the improvement of the effective payload capacity of ships.

[0004] To meet the growing demand for miniaturized and compact condensers in marine power systems, direct-mix condensers based on the principle of direct steam-water two-phase contact condensation show great promise. The main working principle of a direct-mix condenser is as follows: a condensation space is constructed at the turbine exhaust outlet, and one or more sets of nozzles are installed within this space to continuously spray a liquid film into it. After the turbine exhaust enters the condensation space, it directly contacts the sprayed liquid film and undergoes efficient heat exchange, offering advantages such as compact size, high heat exchange efficiency, and small terminal temperature difference. However, since direct-mix condensers employ direct contact condensation between the injected liquid film and the exhaust steam, the quality of the injected liquid film (liquid film morphology, liquid film area, liquid film thickness, liquid film injection angle, etc.) is crucial to the condensation heat transfer characteristics. This is especially true for the wide operating range of marine power systems, where turbine emissions and exhaust steam heat loads vary significantly, resulting in large variations in the required cooling water flow rate under different operating conditions. Traditional direct-mix condenser nozzle design schemes and pump and valve control methods are insufficient to achieve high-performance film formation and efficient condensation heat transfer across a wide operating range. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a nozzle and a direct-mix condenser to solve the problems in the prior art where direct-mix condensers are difficult to control over a wide operating range, have poor quality of the injected liquid film, and cannot meet the heat exchange requirements.

[0006] The present invention provides a nozzle comprising: a pipe and an adjusting assembly, wherein the interior of the pipe defines a flow channel having an inlet end and an outlet end; the adjusting assembly is disposed at the outlet end, and the peripheral wall of the adjusting assembly is rotatable toward or away from the central axis of the flow channel, so that liquid in the flow channel is sprayed out through the spray channel formed by the adjusting assembly.

[0007] According to a nozzle provided by the present invention, the adjusting assembly includes a first limiting member and a second limiting member, the first limiting member and the second limiting member being arranged to form a spray channel, the first limiting member being rotatable about a first rotating axis, and the second limiting member being rotatable about a second rotating axis, so as to adjust the flow rate in the spray channel.

[0008] According to a nozzle provided by the present invention, the adjusting assembly further includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element, wherein the first limiting element is connected to the inner wall of the pipe through the first elastic element, and the second limiting element is connected to the inner wall of the pipe through the second elastic element.

[0009] According to a nozzle provided by the present invention, both the first elastic element and the second elastic element are compression springs.

[0010] According to a nozzle provided by the present invention, both the first limiting member and the second limiting member include an arc segment and a straight segment, the arc segment and the straight segment are transitionally connected, and the arc segment is connected to the outlet end.

[0011] According to a nozzle provided by the present invention, the nozzle further includes an extension plate disposed at the bottom of the liquid spraying channel, the extension plate extending along the spraying direction of the liquid spraying channel, and the width of the extension plate being greater than or equal to the maximum distance between the first limiting member and the second limiting member.

[0012] According to a nozzle provided by the present invention, the extension plate is provided with a plurality of flow guiding channels, each of the flow guiding channels extending along the spraying direction of the liquid spraying channel.

[0013] According to a nozzle provided by the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the flow channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end.

[0014] According to a nozzle provided by the present invention, the flow channel includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the outlet of the first flow channel is connected to the inlet of the second flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel gradually decreases from its inlet to its outlet.

[0015] The present invention also provides a direct-mix condenser, comprising at least one nozzle as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0016] The nozzle and direct-mix condenser provided by this invention have a liquid injection channel formed by the adjusting component located at the outlet end of the flow channel. According to the flow rate of the coolant in the flow channel, the peripheral wall of the adjusting component can rotate toward or away from the central axis of the liquid injection channel, adaptively adjusting the shape of the liquid injection channel. This enables the control of the flow state and flow resistance of the coolant in the liquid injection channel under different operating conditions, allowing the coolant to be fully expanded over a wide flow range, obtaining a thin and large liquid film with good stability of liquid film shape and high film quality over a wide coolant flow range. This, in turn, improves the condensation heat transfer coefficient and working performance of the direct-mix condenser over a wide operating range. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the cross-sectional structure of the nozzle provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the nozzle provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the nozzle provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component provided by the present invention rotating to different positions;

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 1. Pipeline; 2. Flow channel; 21. First flow channel; 22. Second flow channel; 3. First limiting component; 4. Second limiting component; 5. Spray channel; 6. First elastic component; 7. Second elastic component; 8. Extension plate; 81. Guide channel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. Additionally, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention; however, those skilled in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0030] Within the wide operating range of a ship's power system, the required cooling water flow rate varies greatly due to significant changes in turbine emissions and exhaust heat load. Consequently, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the injection liquid film flow rate according to changes in load conditions, and also ensure the film formation quality within the operating range to achieve good condensation heat exchange performance.

[0031] Based on this, the present invention proposes a nozzle that utilizes a special flow channel structure design to enable the coolant (including cooling water) passing through the nozzle to be fully expanded within a wide flow range, thereby obtaining a thinner and larger liquid film.

[0032] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 This invention describes the nozzle and direct-mix condenser provided by the present invention.

[0033] The present invention provides a nozzle comprising: a pipe 1 and an adjusting component, wherein the interior of the pipe 1 defines a flow channel 2, the flow channel 2 having an inlet end and an outlet end; the adjusting component is disposed at the outlet end, and the peripheral wall of the adjusting component is rotatable toward or away from the central axis of the flow channel 2, so that the liquid in the flow channel 2 is sprayed out through the spray channel 5 formed by the adjusting component.

[0034] Pipe 1 has a conventional pipe structure. A flow channel 2, through which coolant can pass, is defined within pipe 1. The two ends of flow channel 2 are an inlet and an outlet, respectively. Coolant enters flow channel 2 through the inlet and exits through the outlet. Furthermore, an adjustment component is provided at the outlet of flow channel 2, forming a spray channel 5. The spray channel 5 is connected to flow channel 2, and coolant within flow channel 2 is sprayed out through the spray channel 5. The peripheral wall of the adjustment component can rotate towards or away from the central axis of the spray channel 5 (the central axis of flow channel 2) to adjust the flow rate of the spray channel 5.

[0035] The present invention adaptively adjusts the cross-sectional shape of the injection channel 5 according to the coolant flow rate, so that the shape of the injection channel 5 and the coolant flow rate form a self-matching relationship within a wide operating range.

[0036] When there is no coolant in flow channel 2, coolant flows through injection channel 5, and the peripheral wall of the regulating component does not rotate, remaining in its original state. When the coolant flow rate in flow channel 2 increases, the flow rate in injection channel 5 also increases, and the peripheral wall of the regulating component rotates away from the central axis of injection channel 5 until the force exerted by the coolant on the peripheral wall of the regulating component in injection channel 5 reaches equilibrium with the force exerted by the regulating component on the coolant. At this point, the cross-sectional area of ​​injection channel 5 gradually increases, allowing more coolant to be sprayed out through injection channel 5, enabling the coolant to spread out within injection channel 5 and flow more stably. When the coolant flow rate in flow channel 2 decreases, the flow rate in injection channel 5 also decreases, and the peripheral wall of the regulating component rotates towards the central axis of injection channel 5 until the force exerted by the coolant on the peripheral wall of the regulating component in injection channel 5 reaches equilibrium with the force exerted by the regulating component on the coolant.

[0037] The nozzle provided by this invention has a spray channel 5 formed by the adjusting component located at the outlet end of the flow channel 2. According to the flow rate of the coolant in the flow channel 2, the peripheral wall of the adjusting component can rotate toward or away from the central axis of the spray channel 5, adaptively adjusting the shape of the spray channel 5. This enables the control of the flow state and flow resistance of the coolant in the spray channel 5 under different operating conditions, allowing the coolant to be fully expanded in a wide flow range, obtaining a thin and large liquid film with good stability of liquid film shape and high film quality in a wide coolant flow range, thereby improving the condensation heat transfer coefficient and working performance of the direct-mix condenser in a wide operating range.

[0038] The adjustment component includes a first limiting member 3 and a second limiting member 4, which surround and form a spray channel 5. The first limiting member 3 can rotate around a first rotating axis, and the second limiting member 4 can rotate around a second rotating axis to adjust the flow rate in the spray channel 5.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 The first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 are both located at the outlet end of the flow channel, and the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 form a liquid spraying channel 5. Both the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 are connected to the outlet end so that the coolant in the flow channel 2 enters the liquid spraying channel 5 through the outlet end and then flows out. It can be understood that the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 can be connected to the outlet end, or a transition member can be used to achieve a transition connection, ensuring the sealing between the two and preventing coolant leakage.

[0040] Furthermore, the first limiting member 3 has a first rotating shaft, and the first limiting member 3 can rotate around the first rotating shaft so that the first limiting member 3 rotates toward the central axis of the spray channel 5; the second limiting member 4 has a second rotating shaft, and the second limiting member 4 can rotate around the second rotating shaft so that the second limiting member 4 rotates toward the central axis of the spray channel 5.

[0041] It should be noted that during the rotation of the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4, they always surround and form the spray channel 5. When the flow rate in the flow channel 2 increases, the flow rate in the spray channel 5 also increases, and both the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 rotate away from the central axis of the spray channel 5. When the flow rate in the flow channel decreases, the flow rate in the spray channel 5 also decreases, and both the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 rotate closer to the central axis of the spray channel 5.

[0042] The adjustment assembly also includes a first elastic element 6 and a second elastic element 7. The first limiting element 3 is connected to the inner wall of the pipe 1 through the first elastic element 6, and the second limiting element 4 is connected to the inner wall of the pipe 1 through the second elastic element 7.

[0043] When there is no coolant in the flow channel 2, neither the first limiting member 3 nor the second limiting member 4 is subjected to the force of the coolant, and both the first elastic member 6 and the second elastic member 7 are in a free state. At this time, the first elastic member 6 and the second elastic member 7 are in their initial state, that is, the outlet of the injection channel 5 is in a contracted state. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown by the solid line in the middle.

[0044] When the coolant flow rate in flow channel 2 increases, the coolant flow rate in spray channel 5 also increases. Consequently, the force exerted by the coolant on the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 also increases. This force is transmitted to the first elastic member 6 and the second elastic member 7, causing them to gradually compress from their initial free state. At this time, the first elastic member 6 rotates along the first rotation axis away from the central axis of the spray channel 5, and the second elastic member 7 rotates along the second rotation axis away from the central axis of the spray channel 5. Figure 2 As shown; until the elastic force generated by the first elastic element 6 and the second elastic element 7 reaches equilibrium with the force exerted by the cooling water in the injection channel 5 on the first limiting element 3 and the second limiting element 4, as shown. Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown by the dashed line in the diagram. During this process, the cross-sectional area within the injection channel 5 gradually expands, thereby enabling more coolant to be sprayed out through the injection channel 5.

[0045] The first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 do not require external force or external structural operation. They can achieve adaptive adjustment by relying solely on the force balance between the cooling water flow rate and the first elastic member 6 and the second elastic member 7. This allows the coolant to fully expand within a wide flow range, resulting in a thin, large-area, and stable liquid film. The high film quality within the wide coolant flow range further improves the condensation heat transfer coefficient and performance of the direct-mix condenser over a wide operating range.

[0046] The first elastic member 6 is located at the middle position of the extension of the first limiting member 3, which helps the first elastic member 6 to adjust the position of the first limiting member 3 according to the flow rate of the coolant in the injection channel 5; the second elastic member 7 is located at the middle position of the extension direction of the second limiting member 4, which helps the second elastic member 7 to adjust the position of the second limiting member 4 according to the flow rate of the coolant in the injection channel 5.

[0047] The first elastic element 6 and the second elastic element 7 provided by the present invention are both compression springs. The first elastic element 6 and the second elastic element 7 may be the same or different.

[0048] The first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 in this invention both include an arc segment and a straight segment. The arc segment and the straight segment are connected in a transitional manner, and the arc segment is connected to the outlet end, so that the coolant in the flow channel 2 can flow smoothly into the spray channel 5, avoiding turbulence in the coolant during the flow process, which would affect the quality of the liquid film.

[0049] The nozzle provided by the present invention also includes an extension plate 8, which is disposed at the bottom of the spray channel 5. The extension plate 8 extends along the spray direction of the spray channel 5, and the width of the extension plate 8 is greater than or equal to the maximum distance between the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4.

[0050] refer to Figure 1 The extension plate 8 is set at the bottom of the spray channel 5 and extends along the spray direction of the spray channel 5 (the length direction of the extension plate 8 is consistent with the spray direction of the spray channel 5), that is, it is located downstream of the spray channel 5, so that the coolant sprayed from the spray channel 5 can be further spread on the extension plate 8. Furthermore, the width of the extension plate 8 is greater than or equal to the maximum distance between the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4. That is, as the flow rate of coolant in the spray channel 5 increases, the first limiting member 3 rotates along the first rotation axis toward the central axis away from the spray channel 5, and the second limiting member 4 rotates along the second rotation axis toward the central axis away from the spray channel 5. At this time, the distance between the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 is at its maximum. The extension plate 8 is still located below the spray channel 5 enclosed by the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate. That is, no matter how the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 rotate, the extension plate 8 is always located at the bottom of the spray channel 5 enclosed by the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4, ensuring that in any case, the coolant in the spray channel 5 can be sprayed onto the extension plate 8 to achieve further expansion.

[0051] In this invention, the shape of the extension plate 8 is not specifically limited. It can be a fan-shaped structure, a rectangular structure, or a polygonal structure, as long as the minimum dimension of the width direction of the extension plate 8 is greater than the maximum distance between the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4.

[0052] Furthermore, the extension plate 8 is provided with multiple flow channels 81, each of which extends along the spray direction of the spray channel 5. After the coolant in the spray channel 5 is sprayed onto the extension plate 8, it flows along the flow channels 81 on the extension plate 8, reducing the turbulence transmission and interference between the flow channels 81, and further improving the uniformity and stability of the sprayed liquid film.

[0053] The present invention does not impose specific limitations on the number and arrangement of the flow channels 81 on the extension plate 8, and can set them according to actual needs.

[0054] In this invention, the flow channel in pipe 1 adopts a gradually narrowing cross-section design structure, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of flow channel 2 is smaller than that of the inlet end, so that the coolant in flow channel 2 flows smoothly from the inlet end to the outlet end and avoids turbulence.

[0055] refer to Figures 1 to 3 The flow channel 2 includes a first flow channel 21 and a second flow channel 22. The inlet of the first flow channel 21 is the inlet end of the flow channel 2, and the outlet of the second flow channel 22 is the outlet end of the flow channel 2. The outlet of the first flow channel 21 is connected to the inlet of the second flow channel 22. The cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel 22 gradually decreases from its inlet to its outlet. The coolant enters the first flow channel 21 through the inlet end, transitions to the second flow channel 22, and finally flows to the extension plate 8 through the spray channel 5, ensuring smooth flow and avoiding turbulence.

[0056] The nozzle provided by this invention allows for variations in coolant flow rate within the flow channel 2, which in turn affects the coolant flow rate within the spray channel 5. Based on the magnitude of the force exerted by the coolant on the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 within the spray channel 5, the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 adaptively rotate to adjust the contraction angle and equal cross-sectional area of ​​the spray channel 5, thereby controlling the flow state and flow resistance of the coolant within the spray channel 5. Specifically, under conditions of high coolant flow rate, the force exerted by the coolant on the first limiting member 3 and the second limiting member 4 causes the outlet of the spray channel 5 to expand. The entire cross-section of the spray channel 5 exhibits a contraction-expansion state, meaning the cross-sectional area gradually increases. At the outlet of the spray channel 5, due to the continuously increasing cross-sectional area, the coolant more easily expands within the spray channel 5, reducing turbulence; furthermore, the dynamic pressure is converted into static pressure, which is beneficial for improving the stability of the coolant.

[0057] This invention adaptively matches the cross-section of the injection channel 5 with the flow rate of the internal coolant by adjusting the component, so that the coolant passing through the injection channel 5 can be fully spread over a wide flow range, resulting in a thin, large-area liquid film with good morphological stability and high film quality over a wide cooling water flow range, thereby improving the condensation heat transfer coefficient and working performance of the direct-mix condenser over a wide operating range.

[0058] The present invention also provides a direct-mix condenser, comprising at least one nozzle as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0059] This invention can be applied to high-power marine propulsion systems that employ the steam Rankine cycle.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nozzle, characterized in that, include: The pipe and regulating assembly include a flow channel defined inside the pipe, the flow channel having an inlet end and an outlet end; the regulating assembly is located at the outlet end, and the peripheral wall of the regulating assembly can rotate toward or away from the central axis of the flow channel, so that the liquid in the flow channel is sprayed out through the spray channel formed by the regulating assembly; the regulating assembly adaptively adjusts the shape of the spray channel to control the flow state and flow resistance of the coolant in the spray channel under different operating conditions. The adjustment component includes a first limiting member and a second limiting member, which are arranged to form a spray channel. The first limiting member can rotate around a first rotating axis, and the second limiting member can rotate around a second rotating axis to adjust the flow rate in the spray channel. The adjustment assembly further includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element. The first limiting element is connected to the inner wall of the pipe through the first elastic element, and the second limiting element is connected to the inner wall of the pipe through the second elastic element. The nozzle also includes an extension plate, which is disposed at the bottom of the spray channel. The extension plate extends along the spray direction of the spray channel, and the width of the extension plate is greater than or equal to the maximum distance between the first limiting member and the second limiting member. The extension plate is provided with multiple flow guiding channels, each of which extends along the spraying direction of the spraying channel.

2. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first elastic element and the second elastic element are compression springs.

3. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first limiting member and the second limiting member include an arc segment and a straight segment, the arc segment and the straight segment are connected in a transitional manner, and the arc segment is connected to the outlet end.

4. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet end of the flow channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end.

5. The nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow channel includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel. The outlet of the first flow channel is connected to the inlet of the second flow channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second flow channel gradually decreases from its inlet to its outlet.

6. A direct-mix condenser, characterized in that, Includes at least one nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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