Extrusion resistant longitudinal watertight cable, method of manufacture, through hull device and method of through hull

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of water-tight cable, in particular to a longitudinally water-tight cable resistant to extrusion, a manufacturing method, a cabin-penetrating device and a cabin-penetrating method, the water-tight cable comprising: a plurality of cores, the cores being twisted with each other, and an open gap being formed between two adjacent cores; a first sealing glue layer, covering the plurality of twisted cores; and a sheath layer, extruded on the outer wall of the first sealing glue layer; wherein the core comprises: a plurality of first conductors twisted with each other and not in contact with each other. The water-tight cable proposed in the present application is filled with sealing glue and insulation layer in the space from the conductor to the sheath layer, and the twisting of the conductor or the core forms an open gap by single-layer twisting or by increasing an intermediate supporting core, so that the extruded covering layer can completely fill any position outside the conductor or the core when extruding the covering layer, and thus the entire cable does not have a gap in any axial section, and therefore, the purpose of being resistant to water pressure and not deformed can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of watertight cable technology, and more specifically to a compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable, a manufacturing method, a drive-through device, and a drive-through method. Background Technology

[0002] The increasing development of deep-sea equipment necessitates that the penetration points of longitudinally sealed cables extending from the hull must withstand higher water pressure to ensure a tight seal between the penetration component and the cable. However, existing watertight cables and sealing processes are prone to defects when pressure-sealed with penetration components. These defects can lead to deformation of the internal watertight filling, preventing a tight seal between the cable sheath and the penetration component. Alternatively, the cable may experience sheath and / or internal conductor breakage after being subjected to penetration compression, resulting in watertight pressure risks, vapor pressure leaks, or electrical safety hazards. These issues are frequently encountered in the industry.

[0003] As shown in Patent Document 1, in the structure of the cable with a canopy, whether it is a communication core or a power core, the outside of the stranded cable is directly extruded with an insulation layer. There is still a cavity between such core and insulation layer, which may be compressed in deep water environment, making the outer surface of the cable not round. When using the canopy-penetrating scheme shown in Patent Document 2, the cable surface may be compressed, causing gaps at the seal and leakage.

[0004] Based on these issues, current cable penetration structures can also be designed as plugs, such as the technical solution shown in Patent Document 3. In order to overcome the gap problem caused by water pressure, the structure of the penetration section is made of stainless steel pipe. However, the plug design means that the cable and the plug are not a whole, resulting in large bending and tensile stresses at the plug, which still presents unreliability factors. Therefore, it is desirable to produce a longitudinally sealed cable for deep water use, especially a watertight cable that is not prone to gaps between the cable and the hull.

[0005] Existing technical documents:

[0006] Patent document 1CN116779226A: A longitudinal watertight mesh cable for underwater passage through a hull.

[0007] Patent document 2CN212366735U Cable passing through the compartment structure

[0008] Patent document 3CN216794096U: An underwater tunnel structure and underwater equipment Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the technical problems existing in the current technology of cable-through-cabin systems, the first aspect of this invention proposes a compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable, comprising:

[0010] Multiple wire cores are twisted together, and an open gap is formed between adjacent wire cores;

[0011] The first sealant layer covers the outside of multiple stranded wire cores;

[0012] A sheath layer is extruded onto the outer wall of the first sealant layer;

[0013] The wire core includes:

[0014] A first conductor consisting of multiple strands twisted together without contacting each other;

[0015] A second sealant layer is located within the outer tangent circle of the multiple stranded first conductors;

[0016] An insulating layer, which is extruded outside the inscribed circle of a plurality of stranded first conductors;

[0017] The surfaces of the first conductor and the wire core have an adhesive layer, which ensures that there is no gap between the first conductor and the second sealant layer and the insulation layer, and no gap between the wire core and the first sealant layer in any axial cross section of the cable.

[0018] Preferably, two or more of the wire cores are twisted together to form a cable in a single-layer twisted structure.

[0019] Preferably, the surface of the second sealant layer is provided with grooves corresponding to the number of the first conductors, and the first conductors are attached to the grooves when twisted.

[0020] Preferably, the depth of the groove is less than the radius of the first conductor.

[0021] Preferably, the insulating layer comprises a double-layer structure, wherein the Shore A hardness of the inner layer is not greater than 65, the Shore A hardness of the outer layer is not less than 90, and the thickness ratio of the inner layer to the outer layer is 4:6-5:5.

[0022] Preferably, the first sealant layer includes a rigid watertight filler layer, and the sheath layer includes one of rubber-plastic sheath, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, neoprene rubber, or high-density polyethylene sheath.

[0023] Preferably, the first sealant layer and sheath layer are extruded onto the outside of multiple stranded wire cores using a double-layer co-extrusion process.

[0024] Preferably, the interior of the second sealant layer contains a second conductor.

[0025] Preferably, the second sealant layer includes an elastic water-resistant sealant layer.

[0026] A second aspect of this invention provides a technical solution: a method for manufacturing a compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1, Prepare the wire core:

[0028] a. A second sealant layer is formed by extruding an elastic water-resistant sealant material;

[0029] b. Multiple first conductors are twisted together on the outer wall of the second sealant layer in a non-contact manner;

[0030] c. An insulating layer is formed by extruding a double-layer co-extrusion process over the outer surfaces of the first conductor and the second sealant layer.

[0031] Step 2, Cable Formation: Two or more cables prepared in Step 1 are twisted together in a single-layer twisting manner to form a cable;

[0032] Step 3, Extrusion Protective Layer: A first sealant layer and a sheath layer are formed by extrusion using a double-layer process. The first sealant layer is made of hard watertight filler, and the sheath layer is made of rubber-plastic, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, neoprene rubber, or high-density polyethylene.

[0033] In this process, before multiple first conductors are twisted together with the second sealant layer, they are first placed in a liquid adhesive pool to cover the surface of the first conductors with viscous sealant.

[0034] After step 2, before the protective layer is extruded, the cable core enters a liquid adhesive pool to cover the surface of the core with viscous sealant.

[0035] A third aspect of the present invention provides a technical solution: a device for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a cabin, comprising:

[0036] A cup-shaped tube section structure is fixed to the cabin body. The cup-shaped tube section structure is a hollow tube structure with an opening on the first side facing the inside of the cabin and an opening on the second side facing the outside of the cabin. The inner wall of the cup-shaped tube section structure is provided with a protruding ring, and a through hole is formed on the inner side of the protruding ring.

[0037] The aforementioned watertight cable passes through the perforation;

[0038] The internal sealing structure is connected to the first side of the convex ring and fills the space between the watertight cable and the cup-shaped pipe section structure.

[0039] The outer sealing structure of the cabin is connected to the second side of the convex ring and fills the space between the watertight cable and the cup-shaped pipe section structure;

[0040] The outer sealing structure of the cabin includes a reinforcing layer and a covering layer. The reinforcing layer includes an impregnated fiber structure that is wound around the surface of the watertight cable and fills the inner wall of the cup-shaped tube section structure. The covering layer includes a sealant layer that covers the outside of the reinforcing layer, the watertight cable, and the cup-shaped tube section structure.

[0041] Preferably, the impregnated fiber structure comprises silicone fluorocarbon fiber tape impregnated with TPU sealant.

[0042] Preferably, the inner sealing structure includes an elastic sealing sleeve and a clamping nut. The elastic sealing sleeve is fitted over the outer wall of the watertight cable, and the clamping nut is threadedly connected to the cup-shaped pipe section structure to fill the space between the watertight cable and the cup-shaped pipe section structure in a compressed state.

[0043] Preferably, the second side of the cup-shaped tube section structure is provided with a clamping component, which is used to apply pre-pressure in the direction of the cabin to the outer sealing structure of the cabin.

[0044] Preferably, the second side of the cup-shaped tube section structure is provided with at least two studs, and a nut is provided on the studs. The clamping component includes an upper pressure plate and a lower pressure plate sleeved on the two studs. The upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate can be slidably connected relative to the studs. A stuffing box is provided on the inner side of the lower pressure plate. An elastic compression structure is provided between the upper pressure plate and the stuffing box. The nut is tightened on the studs to make the upper pressure plate press against the stuffing box. The bottom of the stuffing box is compressed to seal the outer side of the chamber.

[0045] The fourth aspect of this invention proposes a technical solution: a method for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a cabin, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Roughen the sheath layer of the watertight cable around the cup-shaped pipe section structure, and then insert the watertight cable into the compartment through the perforation inside the convex ring.

[0047] Step 2: Insert the elastic sealing sleeve and the clamping nut into the cup-shaped tube section structure in sequence inside the cabin, and tighten the clamping nut to press the elastic sealing sleeve tightly.

[0048] Step 3: After impregnating the silicone fluorocarbon fiber with the mixed sealant, wrap it around the surface of the watertight cable and push it into the inside of the cup-shaped tube structure to form an impregnated fiber structure. Then install a clamping component on the cup-shaped tube structure to keep the impregnated fiber structure pressed.

[0049] Step 4: Set up a glue-pouring mold on the outside of the cabin, pour sealant into the glue-pouring mold, and pour the sealant into the mold until the height of the sealant exceeds the clamping parts, and let the sealant solidify.

[0050] In step 3, sealing gaskets are placed at both ends of the impregnated fiber structure, and coupling agent is applied to the surface of the watertight cable, the silicone carbon fiber, and the gasket and then dried.

[0051] Preferably, in step 3, the action of wrapping the impregnated silicone carbon fiber around the surface of the watertight cable and pushing it into the inside of the cup-shaped tube structure is repeated at least twice, and the impregnated fiber structure formed after filling reaches a predetermined thickness.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0053] The watertight cable proposed in this application has its space from the conductor outward to the sheath layer filled with sealant and insulation. By using single-layer twisting or adding an intermediate support core, the twisting of the conductor or core forms an open gap. This allows the extruded coating layer to completely fill any position outside the conductor or core, ensuring that there are no gaps in any axial cross-section of the cable. Therefore, it can achieve the purpose of resisting water pressure and not deforming. At the same time, the through-cell structure combined with the winding structure of impregnated fiber ensures good connection strength between the cable and the housing while ensuring airtightness, so that the tensile strength and bending performance of the cable meet the usage requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0054] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable shown in this invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal watertight cable insertion device shown in this invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component in the cabin penetration device shown in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0059] It should be understood that in deep water environments, water pressure acts on the entire surface of the cable. When air is present inside the cable or the structure is insufficient to support the deep water pressure, structural deformation may occur, especially causing changes in the surface shape of the cable. Therefore, the first aspect of this application proposes a longitudinally watertight cable that is resistant to compression. This invention aims to overcome the problem of cable deformation caused by pressure. This type of cable is completely filled across the entire cross-section and does not have the gaps between conductors, between wire cores, or between wrapping layers found in the prior art.

[0060] Specific combination Figure 1 As shown, the compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable mainly includes multiple conductors, a first sealing layer and a sheath layer 6 extruded outside the multiple conductors. The conductors are twisted together, and an open gap is formed between two adjacent conductors.

[0061] For example Figure 1 As shown, after the two wire cores are twisted together, the gap formed between the two wire cores is open, so that the sealant layer extruded outside the twisted wire cores can completely fill the cross-section of the cable.

[0062] When two or more cores are twisted together, the twisted cable should meet the single-layer twisting structure and still allow for an open gap between the two cores. For example, when three cores are twisted together, a pre-made support strip should be filled between the three cores so that the space within the contact surface of the cores is filled and the exposed space is filled with a sealant layer.

[0063] The first sealant layer 5 covers the outside of multiple stranded wire cores, and the sheath layer 6 is extruded onto the outer wall of the first sealant layer 5. The space between the wire cores and the sheath layer 6 in the cable is completely filled by the first sealant layer 5 or a combination of the first sealant layer 5 and the support strip.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the first sealant layer 5 includes a rigid watertight filler layer, and the sheath layer 6 includes one of a rubber-plastic sheath, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, neoprene rubber, or high-density polyethylene sheath.

[0065] The rigid watertight filler layer uses a rigid watertight filler with a Shore A hardness of about 50, and the extrusion thickness is (0.2-0.4) mm, which has both water-blocking and pressure-resistant buffering functions.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, after the core is stranded and before the first sealant layer 5 and the sheath layer 6 are extruded, the stranded core is passed through a sealant pool that is liquid at room temperature. Before the core is covered with the first sealant layer 5, an adhesive layer is formed on its surface, which facilitates tight bonding between the core and the first sealant layer 5.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the first sealant layer 5 and the sheath layer 6 are extruded onto the outside of multiple stranded wire cores using a double-layer co-extrusion process. This minimizes the possibility of air bubbles forming between the first sealant layer 5 and the sheath layer 6.

[0068] wire core

[0069] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the wire core includes multiple first conductors 3, a second sealant layer 2, and an insulation layer 4.

[0070] In order to ensure that the multiple first conductors 3 are twisted together without contacting each other, the second sealant layer 2 is located inside the outer circle of the multiple twisted first conductors 3 to support the multiple first conductors 3, and the insulating layer 4 is extruded outside the inner circle of the multiple twisted first conductors 3.

[0071] In this way, the multiple first conductors 3 do not come into contact with each other after being twisted together. This eliminates the gaps between the conductors that would prevent the insulation layer 4 from entering, resulting in a good bond between the insulation layer 4 and the first conductors 3 and preventing air bubbles from forming.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the surface of the second sealant layer 2 is provided with grooves corresponding to the number of first conductors 3, and the first conductors 3 are attached to the grooves when twisted.

[0073] Thus, the grooves on the surface of the second sealant layer 2 facilitate the twisting to separate each of the first conductors 3, and ensure that the second sealant layer 2 and the first conductors 3 adhere more tightly. The resulting structure is more conducive to the formation of a full cross-section after the insulation layer 4 is extruded.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the depth of the groove is less than the radius of the first conductor 3. In this way, the first conductor 3 can completely cover the entire groove, avoiding gaps between the groove and the first conductor 3, while the extruded insulating layer 4 can also cover the portion of the first conductor 3 exposed outside the groove.

[0075] Preferably, the surface of the first conductor 3 has an adhesive layer. For example, the first conductor 3 can be immersed in a liquid sealant at room temperature before stranding. In this way, stranding allows the first conductor 3 with the adhesive layer on its surface to better adhere to the insulation layer 4 and the second sealant layer 2, avoiding the formation of local air bubbles.

[0076] The cable thus formed has no gaps between the first conductor 3 and the second sealant layer 2 and the insulation layer 4 in any axial cross section, and no gaps between the wire core and the first sealant layer 5.

[0077] Furthermore, the insulating layer 4 includes a double-layer structure, with the inner layer having a Shore hardness A of no more than 65 and the outer layer having a Shore hardness A of no less than 90, and the thickness ratio of the inner layer to the outer layer being 4:6-5:5.

[0078] Specifically, the insulation layer 4 is made of double-layer co-extruded rubber and plastic material using an extrusion mold. The inner layer material has a Shore A hardness of no more than 65, and the outer layer material has a Shore A hardness of no less than 90. The thickness ratio of the inner and outer layers is (4:6) to (5:5). During insulation extrusion, the conductor is preheated at a temperature of (60±10)℃ for (8-10) hours to increase the adhesion between the conductor wire, the water-blocking support, and the insulation layer.

[0079] In the above embodiments, in order to increase the throughput of the wire core, a second conductor 1 is provided inside the second sealant layer 2.

[0080] Specifically, the second sealant layer 2 is an elastic water-resistant sealant layer, and the elastic water-resistant rubber is extruded outside the second conductor 1 to form a support core for multiple second conductors 1.

[0081] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the second conductor 1 is larger than the diameter of the first conductor 3. The second sealant layer 2 is extruded onto the outer wall of the second conductor 1. The nine first conductors 3 and the second sealant layer 2 are twisted together in a non-contact manner with a pitch ratio of 20-25.

[0082] Manufacturing method of compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable

[0083] A second aspect of this invention provides a technical solution: a method for manufacturing a compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0084] Step 1, Prepare the wire core:

[0085] a. A second sealant layer 2 is formed by extruding an elastic water-resistant sealant material;

[0086] b. Multiple first conductors 3 are twisted together on the outer wall of the second sealant layer 2 in a non-contact manner;

[0087] c. An insulating layer 4 is formed by extruding a double-layer co-extrusion process over the outside of the first conductor 3 and the second sealant layer 2.

[0088] Step 2, Cable Formation: Two or more cables prepared in Step 1 are twisted together in a single-layer twisting manner to form a cable;

[0089] Step 3, Extrusion of protective layer: A first sealant layer 5 and a sheath layer 6 are formed by extrusion using a double-layer process. The first sealant layer 5 is made of hard watertight filler, and the sheath layer 6 is made of rubber-plastic, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, neoprene rubber or high-density polyethylene material.

[0090] In this process, before the multiple first conductors 3 are twisted together with the second sealant layer 2, they are first placed into a liquid adhesive pool to cover the surface of the first conductors 3 with viscous sealant.

[0091] After step 2, before the protective layer is extruded, the cable core enters a liquid glue pool to cover the surface of the core with viscous sealant.

[0092] In one specific embodiment, production is carried out according to the following steps.

[0093] ① Conductor: Nine tinned copper single wires are stranded together, with one large-diameter single wire in the middle and eight small-diameter single wires arranged on the outer side. The outer single wires are arranged in the groove of the second sealant layer 2. The nine single wires and the second sealant layer 2 are stranded together in a non-contact manner with a pitch ratio of 20-25. Before entering the stranding mold, each single wire is covered with viscous sealant by passing through a liquid glue pool, so as to achieve bonding and waterproofing between the single wire and the second sealant layer 2.

[0094] ② Second sealant layer 2: The second sealant layer 2 is extruded around the middle conductor single wire. The Shore A hardness of the second sealant layer 2 is 75-80, the extrusion thickness is 0.2±0.05mm, and the outer periphery of the second sealant layer 2 is evenly divided into 8 grooves with a depth of no more than 0.05mm and a width of 0.1-0.15mm.

[0095] ③ Insulation: The insulation adopts double-layer co-extrusion of rubber and plastic material using an extrusion mold. The inner layer material has a Shore A hardness of not more than 65, and the outer layer material has a Shore A hardness of not less than 90. The thickness ratio of the inner and outer layers is 4:6 to 5:5. During insulation extrusion, the conductor is preheated at a temperature of 60±10℃ for 8 to 10 hours to increase the adhesion between the conductor wire, the second sealant layer 2, and the insulation layer.

[0096] ④ Cable making: Two or more insulated wire cores are twisted into a single layer at a pitch ratio of 10-15 times. The twisting direction is opposite to the twisting direction of the conductor. The cable is not filled, and the cable core is not wrapped or tied.

[0097] ⑤ Sheath: The sheath is made of double-layer co-extrusion. The inner layer is made of hard watertight filler with a Shore A hardness of about 50, with an extrusion thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm, forming the first sealing layer 5, which has both water-blocking and pressure-resistant buffering functions; the outer layer is a rubber and plastic sheath with excellent waterproof performance, made of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, neoprene rubber or high-density polyethylene.

[0098] During the extrusion of the sheath, a room temperature liquid sealant pool is set in front of the extruder head to form an adhesive layer on the surface of the cable core before it is covered with the first sealant layer 5, which facilitates tight bonding between the cable core and the inner layer of the first sealant layer 5.

[0099] Taking a 2×1.5mm² cable as an example, the product's structural parameters are shown in Table 1:

[0100] Table 1 Unit: mm

[0101]

[0102] [Passage device for longitudinal watertight cables]

[0103] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the third aspect of the present invention proposes a technical solution: a device for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a cabin, comprising a cup-shaped tube section structure 20, an inner cabin sealing structure, and an outer cabin sealing structure. The cup-shaped tube section structure 20 is fixed to the perforation of the cabin body 100. The cup-shaped tube section structure 20 is a hollow tube structure. The opening on the first side of the cup-shaped tube section structure 20 faces inward into the cabin, and the opening on the second side of the cup-shaped tube section structure 20 faces outward into the cabin. Figure 2 As shown, the inner wall of the cup-shaped tube structure 20 is provided with an inwardly extending convex ring, and a perforation is formed on the inner side of the convex ring.

[0104] The position of the convex ring is preferably corresponding to the position of the cabin wall. In this way, with the convex ring as the dividing line, the first side of the convex ring represents the inside of the cabin, and the second side represents the outside of the cabin.

[0105] The aforementioned watertight cable 10 passes through a perforation, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the watertight cable 10. Since the two end faces of the convex ring form stepped surfaces, the inner side sealing structure is connected to the first side end face of the convex ring and fills the space between the watertight cable 10 and the cup-shaped tube structure 20. The outer side sealing structure is connected to the second side end face of the convex ring and fills the space between the watertight cable 10 and the cup-shaped tube structure 20.

[0106] In this way, the space on both sides of the convex ring is filled by the sealing structure on both sides, so that the watertight cable 10 and the cup-shaped pipe section structure 20 are tightly connected by the sealing structure on both sides, so that there will be no gap between the watertight cable 10 and the cup-shaped pipe section structure 20, that is, water outside the tank cannot penetrate into the inside of the tank. Since the outside of the tank is under high pressure, the sealing of the outside of the tank is particularly important.

[0107] Furthermore, the outer sealing structure of the cabin includes a reinforcing layer and a covering layer. The reinforcing layer includes an impregnated fiber structure that is wound around the surface of the watertight cable 10 and filled into the inner wall of the cup-shaped tube structure 20. The covering layer includes a sealant layer that covers the outside of the reinforcing layer, the watertight cable 10, and the cup-shaped tube structure 20.

[0108] The impregnated fiber structure is a mixture of high-strength, high-modulus fibers and sealant. For example, a strip structure is formed by impregnating the surface of high-strength, high-modulus fibers with sealant. The impregnated fiber strip is wrapped around the surface of the watertight cable 10 and squeezed into the gap between the watertight cable 10 and the cup-shaped pipe section structure 20 using a tool. After the sealant solidifies, a sealing structure with strong sealing performance and high strength can be formed, which can maintain the integrity of its structure regardless of whether it is under pressure or tension.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment, the impregnated fiber structure comprises silicone fluorocarbon fiber tape impregnated with TPU sealant.

[0110] Furthermore, filling the solidified impregnated fiber structure with sealant to form a sealant layer provides better waterproofing and saves manufacturing costs.

[0111] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the inner sealing structure includes an elastic sealing sleeve 32 and a clamping nut 33. The elastic sealing sleeve 32 is fitted onto the outer wall of the watertight cable 10, and the clamping nut 33 is threadedly connected to the cup-shaped pipe section structure 20, which is used to fill the space between the watertight cable 10 and the cup-shaped pipe section structure 20 in a compressed state.

[0112] Specifically, when installing the inner side seal of the compartment, first fill in a sealing gasket 31, then fill in the elastic sealing sleeve 32, then fill in another sealing gasket 31, and then tighten it with a pressure nut 33 so that the pressure nut 33 presses tightly against the elastic sealing sleeve 32.

[0113] Thus, through the clamping action of the clamping nut 33, the elastic sealing sleeve 32 is squeezed and deformed, and only wraps around the surface of the watertight cable 10 and the inner surface of the cup-shaped pipe section structure 20, achieving a good sealing effect.

[0114] Furthermore, the second side of the cup-shaped tube section structure 20 is provided with a clamping component, which is used to apply pre-pressure in the direction of the cabin to the outer sealing structure of the cabin.

[0115] In a specific embodiment, the second side of the cup-shaped tube section structure 20 is provided with at least two studs 21, and nuts 22 are provided on the studs 21. The clamping component includes an upper pressure plate 51 and a lower pressure plate 56 sleeved on the two studs 21. The upper pressure plate 51 and the lower pressure plate 56 can be slidably connected relative to the studs 21. A stuffing box 54 is provided inside the lower pressure plate 56. An elastic compression structure is provided between the upper pressure plate 51 and the stuffing box 54. The nuts 22 are tightened on the studs 21, so that the upper pressure plate 51 presses the stuffing box 54. The bottom of the stuffing box 54 presses the outer sealing structure of the chamber.

[0116] When nut 22 is tightened downwards, the packing gland 54 compresses the outer sealing structure of the chamber through the force transmission of the elastic extrusion structure. In particular, it can squeeze out the air bubbles in the outer sealing structure of the chamber, making the outer sealing structure of the chamber tighter and more resistant to water pressure. The packing gland 54 and the outer sealing structure of the chamber form a double-layer sealing structure, which effectively prevents gaps caused by water pressure.

[0117] Optionally, the elastic extrusion structure includes a clamping ring 52, a rubber ring 53, and a clamp 55 located outside the rubber ring 53. The clamping ring 52 is connected to the upper pressure plate 51, and the clamp 55 is located outside the rubber ring 53 to prevent the rubber ring 53 from deforming. The downward pressure of the upper pressure plate 51 can be stored through the rubber ring 53 and apply greater pressure to the stuffing box 54.

[0118] Methods for threading longitudinal watertight cables through a cabin

[0119] The fourth aspect of this invention proposes a technical solution: a method for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a cabin, comprising the following steps:

[0120] Step 1: Roughen the sheath layer of the watertight cable 10 around the cup-shaped tube structure 20, and then insert the watertight cable 10 into the compartment through the perforation inside the convex ring; after roughening the sheath layer, its surface is coated with sealant, which has a stronger bonding ability and achieves better sealing.

[0121] Step 2: Insert the elastic sealing sleeve 32 and the clamping nut 33 into the cup-shaped tube structure 20 in sequence, and tighten the clamping nut 33 to press the elastic sealing sleeve 32. After the elastic sealing sleeve 32 is pre-pressed, the elastic sealing sleeve 32 can fill the space between the watertight cable 10 and the elastic sealing sleeve 32, achieving a better sealing effect.

[0122] Step 3: After impregnating the silicone fluorocarbon fiber with the mixed sealant, wrap it around the surface of the watertight cable 10, and then push it into the inside of the cup-shaped tube structure 20 to form an impregnated fiber structure. Install a clamping component on the cup-shaped tube structure 20 to keep the impregnated fiber structure pressed. Since there may be air bubbles in the impregnated fiber structure during the winding process, pressing the impregnated fiber structure can effectively squeeze out the air bubbles, making the formed structure denser and achieving greater waterproofness and strength.

[0123] Step 4: Set up a glue-filling mold on the outside of the cabin, pour sealant into the glue-filling mold, so that the filling height of the sealant exceeds the clamping component, and let the sealant solidify; through the outermost glue-filling seal, the cup-shaped tube section structure 20 and the sealing structure can be covered and the whole waterproof protection can be achieved.

[0124] In step 3, sealing gaskets are placed at both ends of the impregnated fiber structure, and coupling agent is applied to the surfaces of the watertight cable 10, the silicone carbon fiber, and the gaskets, followed by drying. The placement of sealing gaskets and the application of coupling agent improve the bonding between the structure and the sealant.

[0125] Preferably, in step 3, the action of wrapping the impregnated silicone-fluorocarbon fiber around the surface of the watertight cable 10 and pushing it into the inside of the cup-shaped tube structure 20 is repeated at least twice, so that the impregnated fiber structure formed after filling reaches a predetermined thickness. In this way, by using multiple wrapping and compression, the formed impregnated fiber structure can be made denser.

[0126] In a specific embodiment, the process of cable penetration and sealing of the cabin is as follows: first, roughen the sheath of the watertight cable 10, clean the cup-shaped tube structure 20 and sealing rings, etc. — sequentially insert the inner side sealing gasket 31, elastic sealing sleeve 32, gasket 31 and clamping nut 33, and tighten the clamping nut 33 — inspect the watertight cable 10, gasket 41, sealant and silicone carbon fiber (silicone carbon fiber is SIFC-1) — apply coupling agent to the adhesive surface of the watertight cable 10 and gasket 41 and dry it (coupling agent is JBO-2020) — mix and stir the A and B components of the TPU sealant evenly (TPU sealant is type 601, where the ratio of A and B components is (5~6):1, stir component A for 5~7 minutes at 20~30℃, then add component B and continue stirring for 5~6 minutes) — impregnate the silicone carbon fiber into the mixed sealant — impregnation The adhesive-impregnated carbon fiber is wound around the watertight cable 10 and pushed into the second side space of the convex ring (approximately 30 minutes of construction, followed by 10-15 minutes of rest). A washer and nut are added to the stud 21, and the nut is tightened to press the washer against the adhesive-impregnated carbon fiber. The nut is removed, and the adhesive-impregnated carbon fiber is wound around the cable. The nut is tightened again. Secondary tightening is performed. The clamping component is installed. The casting fixture 61 is installed. A coupling agent is applied to the adhesive surface of the exposed area and dried (the coupling agent is JBO-2020). The A and B components of the TPU sealant are mixed and stirred evenly (the TPU sealant is type 601, with an A-B ratio of (5-6):1; component A is stirred for 5-7 minutes at 20-30°C, then component B is added and stirred for another 5-6 minutes). The sealant is poured until the height exceeds the surface of the reinforcement device by 25 mm (after 30 minutes of rest), forming a filled and sealed structure 62.

[0127] The sealants, coupling agents, and silicone fluorocarbon fibers used are all commercially available products.

[0128] Detection

[0129] ① Compression penetration test: The cable can withstand a long-term penetration seal of 6.75MPa without cable compression deformation or conductor core breakage, and there is no water leakage through the stuffing box, and the cable does not move within the stuffing box.

[0130] Testing Procedure: A 1.5m long cable, after being fitted with the penetration fitting according to this application, was placed in a hydraulic pressure vessel at a water temperature of (20±5)℃. The water pressure was increased to 6.75MPa within 5 minutes and maintained for 24 hours. The cable and sealing assembly were then removed from the hydraulic pressure vessel for temperature cycling. The temperature cycle consisted of two parts: a 24-hour period at (110±5)℃ followed by a 24-hour period at (20±2)℃, alternating for three cycles. During the last 12 hours of the third 20℃ period, a 4-hour pressure cycling test was repeated, ensuring no water leakage through the stuffing box and no cable displacement within the stuffing box. Three more temperature cycles were then performed, and during the last 12 hours of the final 20℃ period, a 4-hour pressure cycling test was repeated, ensuring no water leakage through the stuffing box and no cable displacement within the stuffing box exceeding 5mm. Finally, the conductor resistance and insulation resistance were tested, meeting the requirements of GJB774A-2020.

[0131] ② Steam Pressure / Helium Leakage: A 1.5m long cable was subjected to a steam pressure test for 1 hour at (temperature 210℃, pressure 2MPa), during which no steam leakage should occur. Subsequently, it was cooled to 121℃ for 24 hours, then adjusted to (temperature 177℃, pressure 1MPa) for 0.75 hours, then adjusted to (temperature 138℃, pressure 0.5MPa) for 3 hours, and maintained at (temperature 121℃, pressure 0.24MPa) for the remaining 6 hours. At ambient temperature, helium leakage in the cable sample was checked using a helium detection device before the test, after the cooling period at 121℃, and after cooling to ambient temperature. No helium leakage occurred in any of the three tests. A withstand voltage test (AC 3.5kV, 5min) was performed on the cable, and no breakdown occurred.

[0132] ③ The minimum allowable bending radius of the cable shall not be less than 8 times the radius of the cable to meet the requirements for fixed installation applications.

[0133] ④125℃ compatibility

[0134] After conducting a compatibility test (125℃, 400h) according to the method specified in GJB774A-2020, the droplets, sheath appearance, insulation resistance, withstand voltage, and filler peeling were assessed, and all met the requirements. The cable components were compatible, and no significant performance degradation occurred during long-term overheating.

[0135] ⑤ Vibration: After the cable is vibrated according to GJB 150.16A-2009, the withstand voltage does not break down, and the change rate of conductor resistance is not greater than 2%.

[0136] ⑥ Tri-proof performance

[0137] After a 240-hour mold test according to GJB 150.10A-2009 (for two types of fungi), the mold grade should be no less than level 2.

[0138] After undergoing a 96-hour salt spray test (24 hours of salt spray followed by 24 hours of drying cycle) in accordance with GJB 150.11A-2009, the cable's appearance and structure were normal, with no signs of corrosion.

[0139] After undergoing a 240-hour damp heat test according to GJB 150.9A-2009, the cable's appearance and structure were normal, with no signs of corrosion.

[0140] ⑦ Radiation resistance: The cable is protected against 110 kGy cumulative dose (dose rate 1 kGy / h) of gamma rays ( 60 The cable was irradiated with Co and then bent 180° on a cylinder with a diameter 10 times the outer diameter of the cable. No visible deformation, cracking or other signs of deterioration or other obvious impairments to its performance were observed. The cable did not break down during an AC 3.5kV / 5min immersion withstand voltage test.

[0141] In conjunction with the above embodiments, the watertight cable proposed in this application has its space from the conductor outward to the sheath layer filled with sealant and insulation. By using single-layer twisting or adding an intermediate support core, the twisting of the conductor or core forms an open gap. This allows the extruded coating layer to completely fill any position outside the conductor or core, ensuring that there are no gaps in any axial cross-section of the entire cable. Therefore, it can achieve the purpose of resisting water pressure and not deforming. At the same time, the through-cabin structure, combined with the winding structure of the impregnated fiber, ensures good connection strength between the cable and the cabin while ensuring airtightness, so that the tensile strength and bending performance of the cable meet the usage requirements.

[0142] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable, characterized in that, include: Multiple wire cores are twisted together, and an open gap is formed between adjacent wire cores; The first sealant layer (5) covers the outside of the multiple stranded wire cores; The sheath layer (6) is extruded onto the outer wall of the first sealant layer (5); The wire core includes: A first conductor consisting of multiple strands that are not in contact with each other (3); The second sealant layer (2) is located inside the outer circle of the multiple stranded first conductors (3); An insulating layer (4) is extruded outside the inscribed circle of multiple stranded first conductors (3); The first conductor (3) and the surface of the wire core have an adhesive layer, so that there is no gap between the first conductor (3) and the second sealant layer (2) and the insulation layer (4) in any axial section of the cable, and there is no gap between the wire core and the first sealant layer (5); The surface of the second sealant layer (2) is provided with grooves corresponding to the number of the first conductors (3), and the first conductors (3) are attached to the grooves when twisted.

2. The compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the groove is less than the radius of the first conductor (3).

3. The compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sealant layer (5) includes a rigid watertight filler layer, the second sealant layer (2) includes an elastic water-resistant sealant layer, and the sheath layer (6) includes one of rubber-plastic sheath, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, chloroprene rubber or high-density polyethylene sheath.

4. The compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The second sealant layer (2) has a second conductor (1) inside, and the diameter of the second conductor (1) is larger than the diameter of the first conductor (3).

5. A method for manufacturing a compression-resistant longitudinal watertight cable according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Prepare the wire core: A second sealant layer is formed by extruding an elastic water-resistant sealant material (2); Multiple first conductors (3) are twisted together on the outer wall of the second sealant layer (2) in a non-contact manner; An insulating layer (4) is formed by extruding a double-layer co-extrusion process over the outside of the first conductor (3) and the second sealant layer (2). Step 2, Cable Formation: Two or more cables prepared in Step 1 are twisted together in a single-layer twisting manner to form a cable; Step 3, Extrusion of protective layer: A first sealant layer (5) and a sheath layer (6) are formed by extrusion using a double-layer process. The first sealant layer (5) is made of hard watertight filler, and the sheath layer (6) is made of rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, neoprene rubber or high-density polyethylene. In this process, multiple first conductors (3) are first placed into a liquid glue pool before being twisted into the second sealant layer (2) so that the surface of the first conductors (3) is covered with viscous sealant. After step 2, before the protective layer is extruded, the cable core enters a liquid adhesive pool to cover the surface of the core with viscous sealant.

6. A device for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a cabin, characterized in that, include: A cup-shaped tube section structure (20) is fixed to the cabin body (100). The cup-shaped tube section structure (20) is a hollow tube structure. The opening on the first side faces the inside of the cabin, and the opening on the second side faces the outside of the cabin. The inner wall of the cup-shaped tube section structure (20) is provided with a protruding ring, and a perforation is formed on the inner side of the protruding ring. The watertight cable (10) according to any one of claims 1-4 passes through the perforation; The cabin interior sealing structure is connected to the first side of the convex ring and fills the space between the watertight cable (10) and the cup-shaped pipe section structure (20); The outer sealing structure of the cabin is connected to the second side of the convex ring and fills the space between the watertight cable (10) and the cup-shaped pipe section structure (20); The outer sealing structure of the cabin includes a reinforcing layer and a covering layer. The reinforcing layer includes an impregnated fiber structure that is wound around the surface of the watertight cable (10) and filled into the inner wall of the cup-shaped tube structure (20). The covering layer includes a sealant layer that covers the outside of the reinforcing layer, the watertight cable (10) and the cup-shaped tube structure (20).

7. The device for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a compartment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The impregnated fiber structure includes silicone-fluorocarbon fiber tape impregnated with TPU sealant.

8. The device for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a compartment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner sealing structure includes an elastic sealing sleeve (32) and a clamping nut (33). The elastic sealing sleeve (32) is fitted on the outer wall of the watertight cable (10). The clamping nut (33) is threadedly connected to the cup-shaped pipe section structure (20) to fill the space between the watertight cable (10) and the cup-shaped pipe section structure (20) in a compressed state.

9. The device for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a compartment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second side of the cup-shaped tube section structure (20) is provided with a clamping component, which is used to apply pre-pressure in the direction of the cabin to the outer sealing structure of the cabin.

10. The device for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a compartment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second side of the cup-shaped pipe section structure (20) is provided with at least two studs (21), and a nut (22) is provided on the studs (21). The clamping component includes an upper pressure plate (51) and a lower pressure plate (56) sleeved on the two studs (21). The upper pressure plate (51) and the lower pressure plate (56) can be slidably connected relative to the studs (21). A stuffing box (54) is provided inside the lower pressure plate (56). An elastic extrusion structure is provided between the upper pressure plate (51) and the stuffing box (54). The nut (22) is tightened on the studs (21) so that the upper pressure plate (51) presses the stuffing box (54). The bottom of the stuffing box (54) is sealed with an outer sealing structure.

11. A method for threading a longitudinal watertight cable through a cabin, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Roughen the sheath layer of the watertight cable (10) described in any one of claims 1-4 around the cup-shaped tube section structure (20), and then insert the watertight cable (10) into the compartment through the perforation inside the convex ring. Step 2: Insert the elastic sealing sleeve (32) and the clamping nut (33) into the cup-shaped tube section structure (20) in sequence inside the cabin, and tighten the clamping nut (33) to press the elastic sealing sleeve (32) tightly; Step 3: After impregnating the silicone fluorocarbon fiber with the mixed sealant, wrap it around the surface of the watertight cable (10), and then push it into the inside of the cup-shaped tube structure (20) to form an impregnated fiber structure. Install a clamping component on the cup-shaped tube structure (20) to keep the impregnated fiber structure pressed. Step 4: Set up a glue-pouring mold on the outside of the cabin, pour sealant into the glue-pouring mold, and pour the sealant into the mold until the height of the sealant exceeds the clamping parts, and let the sealant solidify. In step 3, sealing gaskets are placed at both ends of the impregnated fiber structure, and coupling agent is applied to the surface of the watertight cable (10), the silicon-fluorine carbon fiber and the gasket and then dried.

12. The method for inserting a longitudinal watertight cable into a cabin according to claim 11, characterized in that, In step 3, the action of wrapping the impregnated silicone carbon fiber around the surface of the watertight cable (10) and pushing it into the inside of the cup-shaped tube structure (20) is repeated at least twice, and the impregnated fiber structure formed after filling reaches the predetermined thickness.

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