Metal welding methods

Abstract

This application provides a method for welding metals, including providing a first metal layer with a plurality of sequentially connected joint surfaces of different heights; forming a second metal layer on the joint surfaces of the first metal layer; defining a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer opposite to the first metal layer; setting welding parameters for the welding area; and irradiating the welding area with a laser to bond the first and second metal layers together by welding. This application's embodiments utilize laser welding technology to combine an irregularly shaped first metal layer and a second metal layer into a single unit. The welding parameters are adjusted by partitioning the welding area according to the specific structure of the irregular shape, ensuring effective welding of the first and second metal layers. This method not only enables the bonding of irregularly shaped metal materials (excluding simple planar structures) but also enhances the overall rigidity of composite metal structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sheet metal processing, and more particularly to a method for welding metal. Background Technology

[0002] Existing metal bonding methods include cold / hot rolling and explosive forming. Cold / hot rolling utilizes the excellent plastic deformation capacity of metals to layer metal / alloy sheets of different compositions, then uses cold / hot working methods to shape the sheets into layered composite materials. Explosive forming utilizes the enormous chemical energy released by explosive materials during an explosion to bond metal blanks together.

[0003] However, the two methods mentioned above can only be applied to planar material composites, not to the composites of materials with irregular structures such as inclined planes. In the production of certain components, it is necessary to initially increase the overall rigidity of the component using irregular structural lines before achieving the composite of different metal materials, thereby ensuring the rigidity of the composite metal structure. However, existing technologies cannot be applied to the composite of materials with irregular structures such as inclined planes.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a welding method for metals that can be applied to the composite of metal materials with dissimilar structures is a problem that existing manufacturers urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a metal welding method that can be applied to the composite of metal materials with dissimilar structures.

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a method for welding metals, the method comprising:

[0007] A first metal layer is provided, the first metal layer having a plurality of sequentially connected mating surfaces, the plurality of mating surfaces having different heights;

[0008] A second metal layer is formed on the bonding surface of the first metal layer;

[0009] A welding area is formed on the surface of the second metal layer that is opposite to the first metal layer;

[0010] Set the welding parameters for the welding area; and

[0011] A laser is irradiated onto the welding area to bond the first metal layer and the second metal layer together by welding.

[0012] In the metal welding method provided in this application embodiment, the welding area includes a first welding area and a second welding area, and the setting of the welding area includes the following specific steps:

[0013] A welding interface is defined between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The welding interface includes a first welding sub-interface and a second welding sub-interface connected in sequence. The first welding sub-interface is a plane with a constant welding depth, and the second welding sub-interface is a slope with a gradually changing welding depth.

[0014] The surface area of ​​the second metal layer corresponding to the first welding sub-interface is defined as the first welding area;

[0015] The surface area of ​​the second metal layer corresponding to the second welding sub-interface is defined as the second welding area.

[0016] In the metal welding method provided in this application embodiment, setting the welding parameters of the welding area includes the following specific steps:

[0017] Multiple welding sub-regions to be irradiated by laser are set in the first welding area and the second welding area, and the multiple welding sub-regions are arranged in a matrix.

[0018] Adjust the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-region.

[0019] In the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application, the area of ​​the welding sub-region satisfies the following formula: S=m×m,m≥T1×20,where S is the area of ​​the welding sub-region, m is the side length of the welding sub-region, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region;

[0020] The spacing between adjacent welding sub-regions satisfies the following formula: T1×120≥L1≥T1×60, where L1 is the spacing between adjacent welding sub-regions, T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region, and the welding depth is the distance from the surface of the second metal layer away from the first metal layer to the welding interface.

[0021] In the metal welding method provided in this application embodiment, after setting the multiple welding blocks to be laser irradiated, the method further includes the following steps:

[0022] The welding sub-region is divided so that multiple welding blocks are arranged around the central region of the welding sub-region in the outer region of the welding sub-region.

[0023] In the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application, the welding block includes a plurality of parallel and spaced welding strips.

[0024] In the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application, the side length of the welding block satisfies the following formula: D1≥1 / 5D2, where D1 is the side length of the welding block and D2 is the side length of the welding sub-region;

[0025] The spacing between adjacent welded blocks satisfies the following formula: L2≦1 / 5D2, where L2 is the spacing between adjacent welded blocks and D2 is the side length of the welded sub-region.

[0026] In the metal welding method provided in this application embodiment, after setting the multiple welding sub-regions to be laser irradiated, the method further includes the following steps:

[0027] The welding sub-region is divided so that multiple welding blocks are arranged in a matrix within the welding sub-region.

[0028] In the metal welding method provided in this application embodiment, adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-region includes the following steps:

[0029] Obtain the welding depth of the first welding area;

[0030] Adjust the laser parameters of the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding region, wherein the energy of the laser used in the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding region satisfies the following formula: N1≥a×T1, where N1 is the laser energy of the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding region, a is a constant, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region;

[0031] The welding depth of the second welding area is obtained, wherein the welding depth of the second welding area satisfies the following formula: T2=T1+[(mc)×tanθ], where T2 is the welding depth of the second welding area, m is the distance from the center of the welding sub-area corresponding to the second welding area to the outer edge of the second metal layer, c is the distance from the junction of the first welding sub-interface and the second welding sub-interface to the outer edge of the second metal layer, and θ is the angle between the second welding sub-interface and the horizontal plane; and

[0032] Adjust the laser parameters of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region, wherein the energy of the laser used in the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region satisfies the following formula: N2≥1.1×a×T2, where N2 is the laser energy of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region.

[0033] In the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application, the second welding sub-interface is a slope with a gradient change in welding depth.

[0034] The metal welding method of this application includes providing a first metal layer, the first metal layer having a plurality of sequentially connected joint surfaces, the plurality of joint surfaces having different heights; forming a second metal layer on the joint surfaces of the first metal layer; setting a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer opposite to the first metal layer; setting welding parameters for the welding area; and irradiating the welding area with a laser to bond the first metal layer and the second metal layer together by welding. The embodiments of this application use laser welding technology to combine an irregularly shaped first metal layer and a second metal layer into a whole, and adjust the welding parameters in the welding area according to the specific structure of the irregular shape to ensure the welding effect of the first metal layer and the second metal layer. Therefore, it can not only achieve the bonding of irregularly shaped metal materials other than simple planar structures, but also enhance the overall rigidity of composite metal structures. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a first process diagram of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 8 Provided for the embodiments of this application Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of the middle V section.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of welding parameters for a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a three-point test.

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a three-point test according to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0049] First metal layer 10

[0050] Joint surface 11

[0051] Groove 101

[0052] 102 of the bottom wall of the tank

[0053] 103 of the sidewall of the channel

[0054] Second metal layer 20

[0055] lower surface 21

[0056] upper surface 23

[0057] 22 protrusions

[0058] Welding sub-area 30

[0059] First welding sub-interface 41

[0060] Second welding sub-interface 42

[0061] First welding area 51

[0062] Second welding area 52

[0063] Welding block 31

[0064] Support block 110

[0065] 120 blocks

[0066] Product 100 Detailed Implementation

[0067] To better understand the purpose, features, and advantages of this application, a detailed description of the application is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application; the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them.

[0068] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. It should be noted in the description of this application that "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0069] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0070] The following will describe some embodiments of this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a first process diagram of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the metal sheet trimming method provided in the above embodiments of this application includes the following steps.

[0072] Step S101: Provide a first metal layer 10, the first metal layer having a plurality of joint surfaces connected in sequence, the plurality of joint surfaces having different heights.

[0073] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 2 This includes a perspective view and a top view of the composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the first metal layer 10 includes a plurality of mating surfaces 11 connected in sequence, with different heights for each mating surface 11. A groove 101 is formed on each mating surface 11 of the first metal layer 10, and the groove 101 is recessed relative to the mating surface 11. The groove 101 is approximately trapezoidal in cross-section parallel to the thickness direction of the first metal layer 10, such that the opening size of the groove 101 gradually decreases as the depth of the groove 101 increases. The groove 101 has a bottom wall 102 and a side wall 103 connecting the bottom wall 102.

[0074] Step S102: Form a second metal layer 20 on the bonding surface 11 of the first metal layer 10.

[0075] like Figure 2As shown, the lower surface 21 of the second metal layer 20 is disposed opposite to the mating surface 11. The mating surface 11 of the first metal layer 10 and the lower surface 21 of the second metal layer 20 are in contact. A protrusion 22 protrudes from the lower surface 21. The shape and size of the protrusion 22 on the second metal layer 20 are substantially the same as the shape and size of the groove 101, so that when the second metal layer 20 is formed on the first metal layer 10, the protrusion 22 can be just received in the groove 101.

[0076] While maintaining the overall structure of the first metal layer 10, this application adds a plurality of mating surfaces 11 connected sequentially on the first metal layer 10. The heights of the mating surfaces 11 are different, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the overall material. Specifically, in this embodiment, a groove 101 is formed by cutting a groove in the first metal layer 10, and a protrusion 22 is formed on the second metal layer 20 to conform to the groove 101, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the overall material.

[0077] Step S103: Set a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer 20 away from the first metal layer 10.

[0078] During welding, the laser directly irradiates the upper surface 23 of the second metal layer 20 away from the first metal layer 10, then passes through the second metal layer 20 to reach the interface between the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 20. The welding depth is defined as the thickness at the welding interface between the second metal layer 20 and the first metal layer 10, reached by the laser.

[0079] Step S104: Set the welding parameters for the welding area.

[0080] Step S105: Irradiate the welding area with a laser to bond the first metal layer and the second metal layer together by welding.

[0081] It should be noted that, through laser irradiation, the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 20 form a mixed molten metal pool at their interface (welding interface), thereby effectively fusing the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 20 to obtain the corresponding composite metal material.

[0082] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, step S103 includes the following steps: Step S1031, setting the welding interface between the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0083] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application. (See also...) Figure 2 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the first welding sub-interface 41 is a plane with a constant welding depth, and the second welding sub-interface 42 is an inclined plane with a gradually changing welding depth.

[0084] The first welding sub-interface 41 is the connection interface between the mating surface 11 of the first metal layer 10 and the lower surface 21 of the second metal layer 20. The second welding sub-interface 42 is the connection interface between the protrusion 22 of the second metal layer 20 and the groove sidewall 103 of the first metal layer 10.

[0085] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the composite metal corresponding to the metal welding method provided in the embodiments of this application. It should be noted that the second welding sub-interface is a slope with a gradient change in welding depth. The gradient change in welding depth is a special form where the welding depth gradually changes.

[0086] It should be noted that, for example Figure 5 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of groove 101 is not Figure 2 The trapezoid shown is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the groove 101 can also be designed to include a multi-level stepped form. The sidewall of the groove 101 itself is designed to be stepped, so that the opening size of the groove 101 gradually decreases as the depth of the groove 101 increases. The shape of the corresponding protrusion 22 is also involved to be a stepped protrusion 22.

[0087] Step S1032: Set the surface area of ​​the second metal layer 20 corresponding to the first welding sub-interface 41 as the first welding area 51.

[0088] Step S1033: Set the surface area of ​​the second metal layer 20 corresponding to the second welding sub-interface 42 as the second welding area 52.

[0089] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the welding depth T1 of the first welding area 51 is constant and is the minimum welding depth value. The welding depth T2 of the second welding area increases sequentially, and the welding depth T2 of the second welding area increases sequentially starting from T1.

[0090] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, step S104 includes the following steps:

[0091] Step S1041: Set multiple welding sub-regions to be irradiated by laser in the first welding area and the second welding area, wherein the multiple welding sub-regions are arranged in a matrix.

[0092] It should be noted that after dividing the first welding area 51 and the second welding area 52 into zones, the welding parameters in different areas can be adjusted accordingly. At the same time, the regionalized bonding method reduces the risk of overall bonding failure of the material under subsequent stress and strain conditions. That is, when the stress per unit area of ​​the material exceeds the bonding force per unit area, the welding bonding area will fail. Because the welding area is divided into zones, the failure of this area will not affect the other blocks, thus preventing overall bonding failure.

[0093] The area of ​​the welding sub-region satisfies the following formula: S=m×m,m≥T1×20, where S is the area of ​​the welding sub-region, m is the side length of the welding sub-region, T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region 51, and the welding depth is the distance from the outer surface of the second metal layer to the welding interface.

[0094] The spacing between adjacent welding sub-regions satisfies the following formula: T1×120≥L1≥T1×60, where L1 is the spacing between adjacent welding sub-regions and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region 51.

[0095] It should be noted that, Figure 2 The matrix of welding sub-regions 30 shown is for illustrative purposes only. The actual number of rows and columns of the matrix can be adjusted according to factors such as the welding area. Each welding sub-region 30 is a square, and the dimension of each welding sub-region 30 in one direction is defined as m, with an area of ​​m×m. According to the verification results, to ensure sufficient welding strength, to avoid affecting the overall flatness of the welded material, and to ensure good material rigidity after welding, the dimension m of the welding sub-region 30 in one direction must be greater than or equal to T1×20, where T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region 51 (i.e., the minimum welding depth). In addition, the distance L1 between two adjacent welding sub-regions 30 along the row and column directions (one direction) of the matrix can be selected within the range of greater than or equal to T1×60 and less than or equal to T1×120.

[0096] The first welding area 51 and the second welding area 52 employ multiple welding sub-areas 30 arranged in the same matrix. The unidirectional dimension m of each welding sub-area 30 is at least greater than or equal to T1×20, and the unidirectional spacing between two adjacent welding sub-areas 30 is greater than or equal to T1×60 and less than or equal to T1×120. Verification revealed that if the unidirectional spacing between two adjacent welding sub-areas 30 is less than 60 times the welding depth, the improvement effect on the material's mechanical properties is weakened, while the risk of deformation increases.

[0097] In one embodiment, the welding depth (i.e. the minimum welding depth) T1 of the first welding area 51 is 0.1 mm. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the area size of each welding sub-area 30 is greater than or equal to 2 × 2 mm, and the unidirectional spacing of each welding sub-area 30 is 6-12 mm.

[0098] Step S1042: Adjust the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-region.

[0099] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, step S104 includes the following steps:

[0100] Step S1041: Set multiple welding sub-regions to be irradiated by laser in the first welding area and the second welding area, wherein the multiple welding sub-regions are arranged in a matrix.

[0101] Step S1043: Divide the welding sub-region to set multiple welding blocks surrounding the central region of the welding sub-region in the outer region of the welding sub-region.

[0102] It should be noted that each welding sub-region 30 is further divided into small blocks to form multiple welding blocks 31, which can further reduce failure analysis and ensure the bonding of the first metal layer 10 and the second metal layer 20.

[0103] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the welding sub-region 30 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, multiple welding blocks 31 are arranged around the central region of the welding sub-region 30 in the outer region. At least two welding blocks 31 are arranged at intervals along each of the four sides of the welding sub-region 30. In this embodiment, each welding block 31 is square. In other embodiments, the welding blocks 31 may also be of other shapes. The welding blocks 31 are filled with multiple parallel and spaced-apart laser beams.

[0104] Verification has shown that dividing the welding sub-region 30 into spaced welding blocks 31 results in no difference in bonding strength between the entire welding sub-region 30 and the laser welding of the entire area. Furthermore, dividing the welding sub-region 30 into spaced welding blocks 31 can further reduce the risk of failure and effectively shorten the welding time to 40% of the welding time of the entire welding sub-region 30.

[0105] The side length of the welding block 31 satisfies the following formula: D1≥1 / 5D2, where D1 is the side length of the adjacent welding block 31 and D2 is the side length of the welding sub-region 30. The spacing between adjacent welding blocks 31 satisfies the following formula: L2≦1 / 5D2, where L2 is the spacing between adjacent welding blocks 31 and D2 is the side length of the welding sub-region 30.

[0106] In one embodiment, each welding sub-region 30 can be divided into eight welding blocks 31, each with an area of ​​0.46 × 0.46 mm, arranged at 0.3 mm intervals in one direction. Each welding block 31 is filled with multiple parallel laser beams, with a spacing of 0.03 mm between adjacent laser beams.

[0107] Step S1042: Adjust the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-region.

[0108] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, step S104 includes the following steps:

[0109] Step S1041: Set multiple welding sub-regions to be irradiated by laser in the first welding area and the second welding area, wherein the multiple welding sub-regions are arranged in a matrix.

[0110] Step S1044: Divide the welding sub-regions to set up multiple welding blocks arranged in a matrix in the welding sub-regions.

[0111] It should be noted that when a welding sub-region 30 requires higher welding strength, the welding sub-region 30 can be further divided to set multiple welding blocks 31 arranged in a matrix in the welding sub-region 30. Figure 8 The described embodiments and Figure 7 The difference is that additional welding blocks 31 are set in the middle area of ​​the welding sub-area 30 to increase the welding strength.

[0112] The side length of the welding block 31 satisfies the following formula: D1≥1 / 5D2, where D1 is the side length of the adjacent welding block and D2 is the side length of the welding sub-region 30.

[0113] The spacing between adjacent welding blocks 31 satisfies the following formula: L2≦1 / 5D2, where L2 is the spacing between adjacent welding blocks and D2 is the side length of the welding sub-region 30.

[0114] The welding block 31 includes multiple parallel and spaced welding strips. It should be noted that the welding strips are the areas irradiated by the laser.

[0115] Step S1042: Adjust the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-region.

[0116] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the welding interface has a beveled design. Therefore, after dividing the welding area into sections, the laser parameters corresponding to different welding sub-regions 30 need to be adjusted accordingly.

[0117] Please see Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth sub-process of a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of welding parameters for a metal welding method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 As shown, step S1042 includes the following steps:

[0118] Step S10421: Obtain the welding depth of the first welding area.

[0119] Step S10422: Adjust the laser parameters of the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding area, wherein the energy of the laser used in the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding area satisfies the following formula: N1≥a×T1, where N1 is the laser energy of the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding area, a is a constant, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding area.

[0120] Step S10423: Obtain the welding depth of the second welding area, wherein the welding depth of the second welding area satisfies the following formula: T2=T1+[(mc)×tanθ], where T2 is the welding depth of the second welding area, m is the distance from the center of the welding sub-area corresponding to the second welding area to the outer edge of the second metal layer, c is the distance from the junction of the first welding sub-interface and the second welding sub-interface to the outer edge of the second metal layer, and θ is the angle between the second welding sub-interface and the horizontal plane.

[0121] Step S10424: Adjust the laser parameters of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region, wherein the energy of the laser used in the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region satisfies the following formula: N2≥1.1×a×T2, where N2 is the laser energy of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region, a is a constant, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region.

[0122] It should be noted that, as verified, the laser energy required for welding on inclined surfaces must be at least 1.1 times that for welding on flat surfaces to achieve effective welding. Furthermore, to effectively avoid thermal deformation caused by excessive laser energy input, the laser energy for welding on inclined surfaces can be controlled to be 1.1 times that for welding on flat surfaces.

[0123] Please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a three-point test. (Example) Figure 12 As shown, a three-point bending test was performed on the welded product. The product 100 was placed on two spaced-apart support blocks 110, and then a pressure block 120 was placed on the front of the product 100 to press it downwards, causing the product 100 to bend. The relevant test results were then obtained. Four test samples were used: Figure 2 The product shown is welded with beveled surfaces and uses... Figure 5 The product shown is a planar stepped welded product, and includes a single first metal layer, and two first metal layers and second metal layers that are stacked but not welded together.

[0124] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a three-point test according to an embodiment of this application. When the deformation (Extension) ranges from 1-3 mm, a steeper curve slope indicates greater rigidity. Figure 13 It can be seen that, compared with stacked but unwelded first and second metal layers, as well as the first metal layer alone, the composite metal products processed by the laser welding method of this application have significantly improved stiffness.

[0125] Since the welding area includes both planar and inclined regions, conventional laser methods used for planar welding cannot simultaneously address both planar and inclined portions to ensure similar laser welding effects. Therefore, the metal welding method provided in this application, in inclined welding, processes the conventional welding pattern into modules, dividing the welding pattern over the entire welding area into blocks, and setting different welding energy gradients according to the joint surface depth corresponding to the respective welding sub-region 30 to ensure good welding effects at each joint surface.

[0126] Specifically, in this embodiment, the welding area includes different first welding areas 51 and second welding areas 52, one for planar welding and the other for inclined welding. Therefore, different welding energy gradients are set for the first welding areas 51 and second welding areas 52 according to the welding depth corresponding to the partitions to ensure good welding effects at each joint interface. The metal welding method provided in this embodiment can achieve the bonding of heterogeneous metal materials other than simple planar bonding materials. This embodiment uses laser welding technology to bond a first metal layer and a second metal layer with an irregular structure into a whole, and adjusts the welding parameters by partitioning the welding area according to the specific structure of the irregular shape to ensure the welding effect of the first metal layer and the second metal layer. Thus, it can not only achieve the bonding of heterogeneous metal materials other than simple planar materials, but also enhance the overall rigidity of the composite metal structure.

[0127] The metal welding method of this application includes providing a first metal layer, the first metal layer comprising a plurality of sequentially connected joint surfaces of different heights; forming a second metal layer on the joint surfaces of the first metal layer; setting a welding area on the surface of the second metal layer opposite to the first metal layer; setting welding parameters for the welding area; and irradiating the welding area with a laser to bond the first metal layer and the second metal layer together by welding. This application embodiment uses laser welding technology to combine an irregularly shaped first metal layer and a second metal layer into a whole, and adjusts the welding parameters in sections according to the specific structure of the irregular shape to ensure the welding effect of the first metal layer and the second metal layer. Therefore, it can not only achieve the bonding of irregularly shaped metal materials other than simple planar structures, but also enhance the overall rigidity of composite metal structures.

[0128] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced within this application.

[0129] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A method for welding metal, characterized in that, The welding method for the metal includes: A first metal layer is provided, the first metal layer having a plurality of sequentially connected mating surfaces, the plurality of mating surfaces having different heights; A second metal layer is formed on the bonding surface of the first metal layer; A welding area is set on the surface of the second metal layer away from the first metal layer, including setting a first welding sub-interface and a second welding sub-interface connected in sequence at the welding interface between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and setting the welding area corresponding to the first welding sub-interface as the first welding area, and setting the welding area corresponding to the second welding sub-interface as the second welding area, wherein the first welding sub-interface is a plane with a constant welding depth, and the second welding sub-interface is a slope with a gradually changing welding depth. Setting welding parameters for the welding area includes setting multiple welding sub-areas to be irradiated by laser and arranged in a matrix in the first welding area and the second welding area, and adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-areas; and A laser is irradiated onto the welding area to bond the first metal layer and the second metal layer together by welding. The area of ​​the welding sub-region and the distance between adjacent welding sub-regions satisfy the following formulas: S=m×m, m≥T1×20, T1×120≥L1≥T1×60; Wherein, S is the area of ​​the welding sub-region, m is the side length of the welding sub-region, T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region, the welding depth is the distance from the surface of the second metal layer away from the first metal layer to the welding interface; L1 is the spacing between adjacent welding sub-regions.

2. The metal welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After setting up the multiple welding sub-regions to be irradiated by the laser, the following steps are also included: The welding sub-region is divided so that multiple welding blocks are arranged around the central region of the welding sub-region in the outer region of the welding sub-region.

3. The metal welding method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The welding block includes multiple parallel and spaced welding strips.

4. The metal welding method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side length of the welding block satisfies the following formula: D1≥1 / 5D2, where D1 is the side length of the welding block and D2 is the side length of the welding sub-region; The spacing between adjacent welded blocks satisfies the following formula: L2≦1 / 5D2, where L2 is the spacing between adjacent welded blocks and D2 is the side length of the welded sub-region.

5. The metal welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After setting up the multiple welding sub-regions to be irradiated by the laser, the following steps are also included: The welding sub-region is divided so that multiple welding blocks are arranged in a matrix within the welding sub-region.

6. The metal welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting the laser parameters corresponding to the welding sub-region includes the following steps: Obtain the welding depth of the first welding area; Adjust the laser parameters of the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding region, wherein the energy of the laser used in the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding region satisfies the following formula: N1≥a×T1, where N1 is the laser energy of the welding sub-region corresponding to the first welding region, a is a constant, and T1 is the welding depth of the first welding region; The welding depth of the second welding area is obtained, wherein the welding depth of the second welding area satisfies the following formula: T2=T1+[(mc)×tanθ], where T2 is the welding depth of the second welding area, m is the distance from the center of the welding sub-area corresponding to the second welding area to the outer edge of the second metal layer, c is the distance from the junction of the first welding sub-interface and the second welding sub-interface to the outer edge of the second metal layer, and θ is the angle between the second welding sub-interface and the horizontal plane; and Adjust the laser parameters of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region, wherein the energy of the laser used in the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region satisfies the following formula: N2≥1.1×a×T2, where N2 is the laser energy of the welding sub-region corresponding to the second welding region.

7. The metal welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second welding sub-interface is a slope with a gradient change in welding depth.

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