Anchoring rod structure

Abstract

This invention discloses an anchor bolt structure, comprising: an anchor bolt body, a hollow grouting pipe, a grouting nozzle, a grouting port, a tunneling drill bit, and a borehole reaming drill bit. The tunneling drill bit is located at the bottom end of the anchor bolt body for drilling. A borehole reaming drill bit is also provided at the bottom of the anchor bolt body; when the anchor bolt body reaches a preset depth, the borehole reaming drill bit is used to excavate the enlarged head area. The anchor bolt body also contains a hollow grouting pipe, with a grouting port at the bottom end of the anchor bolt body and a grouting nozzle at the bottom of the anchor bolt body to complete the grouting operation within the enlarged head area. The anchor bolt structure design allows for a one-time operation of drilling, reinforcement, filling, and grouting, simplifying the construction process. The specific bag design ensures the working performance and service life of the anchor bolt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and in particular relates to an anchor bolt structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of infrastructure, buildings are moving towards "going up to the sky and down to the ground." Anchor bolts play an extremely important role in the development of underground space. The function of anchor bolts is to "strike from a distance" and "use leverage to strike back," making use of all available carriers to keep the structure (object) in a balanced state.

[0003] The development of anchor bolts has gone through a long process. From a mechanical point of view, they are divided into tensile anchor bolts and compressive anchor bolts. Compressive anchor bolts are also known as piles, including but not limited to wooden piles, steel piles, and concrete piles. Tensile anchor bolts are mostly made of steel bars and steel pipes, and can be grouted or not. All of the above types of anchor bolts have one or more problems such as complex procedures, low anchoring force, difficulty in quality control, and short service life.

[0004] Currently, the most efficient construction process for anchor bolts generally involves: hole drilling – reinforcement bar installation – filling – grouting. Hole drilling often uses a casing followed by high-pressure air (or high-pressure water) jet cleaning, causing significant environmental pollution and harsh working conditions for workers. Reinforcement bars can be one or more, and the process is prone to hole collapse, leading to reinforcement bar failure. Filler is typically gravel or crushed stone, primarily intended to create a clear and well-defined columnar anchor bolt. However, in complex geological conditions, ensuring uniform filling within the pore is difficult, contributing to poor anchor bolt quality. Grouting is the most critical step, its quality greatly influenced by geological structure and groundwater conditions. Many anchor bolt failures are due to inadequate grouting. When the groundwater consists of dense gravel or fine sand layers, successful grouting is difficult. When the groundwater is pressurized or in a dynamic state, the cement grout is dispersed, making it difficult to form a columnar anchor bolt. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art by disclosing an anchor bolt structure. The anchor bolt structure design enables hole drilling, reinforcement, filling, and grouting to be carried out in one operation, simplifying the construction process. The specific bag design ensures the working performance and service life of the anchor bolt.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] An anchor bolt structure, comprising: an anchor bolt body, a hollow grouting pipe, a grouting nozzle, a grouting port, a tunneling drill bit, and a borehole reaming drill bit;

[0008] The tunneling drill bit is set at the bottom end of the anchor bolt body to complete the hole excavation; the bottom of the anchor bolt body is also provided with a hole-reaming drill bit, which is used to complete the excavation of the enlarged head area when the anchor bolt body is excavated to a preset depth;

[0009] The anchor bolt body is also equipped with a hollow grouting pipe, with a grouting port at the bottom of the anchor bolt body and a spray nozzle at the bottom of the anchor bolt body to complete the grouting operation in the enlarged head area.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the anchor body is also wrapped with a bladder, which is located in the cavity corresponding to the enlarged head region; during the grouting process, the bladder receives the grout sprayed from the grouting nozzle, and after receiving the grout, the bladder expands until it and the grout output from the grouting nozzle together fill the enlarged head region.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the top end of the bladder is sealed to the connecting anchor body disposed on the anchor rod body; the bottom end of the bladder is connected to the lower edge of the expansion and contraction bowl wall, and the expansion and contraction bowl can slide along the anchor rod body.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the opening of the expansion and contraction bowl is oriented toward the top of the anchor body.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the pouch is made of a flexible material.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the reaming drill bit includes a ring cutter and two reaming articulated arms. The ring cutter is disposed between the two reaming articulated arms and is hinged to each of the reaming articulated arms. The other ends of the two reaming articulated arms are hinged to an expansion joint and a tunneling drill bit, respectively.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the anchor bolt body is further provided with an anchor bolt clamp, which is located above and close to the grouting nozzle. During the reaming process of the reaming drill bit, the anchor bolt body reciprocates within the formed hole, thereby causing the expansion and contraction cup to reciprocate on the anchor bolt body to adjust the reaming diameter of the reaming drill bit until the expansion and contraction cup passes through the anchor bolt clamp and slides to the bottom side of the anchor bolt clamp. At this time, the bag completes the wrapping of the grouting nozzle, and the anchor bolt clamp provides downward support to the expansion and contraction cup.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the top of the enlarged head region is a self-drilling region, and a flexible sealing tube is provided on the outside of the anchor body located within the self-drilling region, so that the anchor body in the corresponding region is sealed by the flexible sealing tank.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the flexible sealing tube is filled with a slow-adhesive agent; the upper part of the flexible sealing tube is squeezed and sealed with the anchor plate, and the lower part is sealed by a flexible sealing ring disposed on the connecting anchor.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the anchor plate and the self-drilling area are provided with an anchoring support; and the anchor plate is pressed onto the anchoring support by the anchor plate nut on the anchor rod body.

[0019] The aforementioned main solution of the present invention and its various further alternative solutions can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and are claimed by the present invention. Those skilled in the art, after understanding the solution of the present invention, will realize that there are many combinations based on existing technology and common knowledge, all of which are technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, and will not be exhaustively listed here.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] The anchor structure design of this invention enables hole drilling, reinforcement, filling, and grouting to be completed in one operation, simplifying the construction process. The specific bag design ensures the working performance and service life of the anchor.

[0022] This anchor structure utilizes spiral drilling to compress the soil to form the hole. The enlarged head design enhances the anchor's pull-out resistance, and no filler is required. Grouting is only needed in the enlarged head area, and the pressurized supply via a grouting bag provides excellent anchor forming results even in groundwater with dynamic water levels. This approach saves resources and improves efficiency.

[0023] This anchor bolt structure is a tension-compression type. The upper self-drilling area is the compression zone, while the lower enlarged head area is the tension zone. The grouting quality in the tension zone is more crucial to the anchor bolt's reliability; therefore, the enlarged head area is designed to improve the anchor bolt's pull-out resistance. The anchor bolt body is a spiral-shaped, thick-walled, fine-hole steel pipe. Applying a rotational torque to the bolt body enables automatic drilling. The torque-applying equipment includes, but is not limited to, motor-driven, compressor-driven, mechanically driven, and manually driven methods. This significantly expands the anchor bolt's operational range, enabling it to operate in mountainous areas and narrow, confined spaces that are difficult for conventional equipment to access. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor bolt structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor bolt structure of the present invention when drilling holes in the enlarged head area or grouting the bag;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the expansion and contraction bowl in the anchor structure of the present invention;

[0027] Among them, 1-anchor body, 2-hollow grouting pipe, 3-grouting nozzle, 4-grouting port, 5-connecting anchor body, 6-expansion and contraction bowl, 61-upper edge of bowl wall, 62-lower edge of bowl wall, 63-expansion and contraction zone of bowl wall, 64-fixed zone of bowl wall, 7-drilling bit, 71-petal flange blade, 8-reaming bit, 81-ring blade, 9-reaming folding arm rod, 10-anchor clamp, 11-flexible sealing pipe, 12-flexible sealing ring, 13-bag, 14-anchor plate, 15-anchor bearing body, 16-anchor plate nut, 100-self-forming hole area, 200-enlarged head area. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other.

[0029] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the structures, connections, positions, power sources, etc. involved in this invention are all things that a person skilled in the art can know without creative effort based on the prior art.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, an anchor bolt structure is illustrated, which includes: an anchor bolt body 1, a hollow grouting pipe 2, a grouting nozzle 3, a grouting port 4, a tunneling drill bit 7, and a borehole reaming drill bit 8.

[0036] The tunneling drill bit 7 is located at the bottom end of the anchor bolt body 1 and is used to complete the hole excavation.

[0037] The bottom of the anchor bolt body 1 is also provided with a hole-enlarging drill bit 8. When the anchor bolt body 1 is excavated to a preset depth, the hole-enlarging drill bit 8 is used to complete the excavation of the enlarged head area 200.

[0038] The anchor body 1 is also equipped with a hollow grouting pipe 2. The grouting pipe has a grouting port 4 at the bottom of the anchor body 1 and a spray nozzle 3 at the bottom of the anchor body 1 to complete the grouting operation in the enlarged head area 200.

[0039] Preferably, the outer side of the anchor body 1 is also wrapped with a bag 13, which is located in the cavity corresponding to the enlarged head region 200.

[0040] During the grouting process, the bag 13 receives the grout sprayed from the grouting nozzle 3. After receiving the grout, the bag 13 expands until it, together with the grout output from the grouting nozzle 4, fills the enlarged head area 200.

[0041] By designing the sump 13 structure, it is helpful to ensure that the enlarged head region 200 can be filled with relatively dense grout. For example, when the anchor bolt is drilled to the corresponding depth, the corresponding area may contain groundwater or have large pores. In this case, grout injected through the injection port 4 will be lost. However, by injecting the grout into the sump 13, the grout within the sump 13 fills the corresponding enlarged head region, thus preventing grout loss. This ensures the construction quality of the anchor bolt structure of the present invention.

[0042] Specifically, the top end of the bag 13 is sealed to the connecting anchor body 5 provided on the anchor rod body 1; the bottom end of the bag 13 is connected to the lower edge 62 of the expansion and telescopic bowl 6, and the expansion and telescopic bowl 6 can slide along the anchor rod body 1.

[0043] The opening of the expansion and contraction bowl 6 faces the top of the anchor body 1. The bag 13 is made of flexible material.

[0044] Preferably, the reaming drill bit 8 includes a ring blade 81 and two reaming articulated arms 9. The ring blade 81 is disposed between the two reaming articulated arms 9 and is hinged to each of the two reaming articulated arms 9. The other ends of the two reaming articulated arms 9 are hinged to the expansion joint 6 and the tunneling drill bit 7, respectively. Thus, by controlling the position of the expansion joint 6 on the anchor body 1, the rotation radius of the reaming drill bit 8 can be controlled to complete the reaming operation in the corresponding area.

[0045] Specifically, the anchor bolt body 1 is also provided with an anchor bolt clamp 10, which is located above the grouting nozzle 3 and is set close to the grouting nozzle 3.

[0046] During the reaming process of the reaming drill bit 8, the anchor rod body 1 reciprocates within the hole, causing the expansion and telescopic bowl 6 to reciprocate on the anchor rod body 1. This adjusts the reaming diameter of the reaming drill bit 8 until the expansion and telescopic bowl 6 passes through the anchor rod clamp 10 and slides to the bottom side of the anchor rod clamp 10. The anchor rod clamp 10 then pushes the expansion and telescopic bowl 6 downwards. At this point, the bladder opening 13 applies an upward pulling force to the expansion and telescopic bowl 6, while the anchor rod clamp 10 applies a downward pushing force. This fixes the relative position of the expansion and telescopic bowl 6, thus determining the maximum reaming radius.

[0047] At this time, the bag 13 completes the wrapping of the grouting nozzle 3. That is, after the reaming drill bit 8 completes the hole formation in the enlarged head area 200, when grouting is performed, the grout sprayed from the grouting nozzle 3 directly enters the bag 13, thereby realizing the space filling and casting of the enlarged head area.

[0048] Preferably, the top of the enlarged head region 200 is a self-drilling region 100, and a flexible sealing tube 11 is provided on the outside of the anchor body 1 located in the self-drilling region 100, so that the anchor body 1 in the corresponding region can be sealed by the flexible sealing tube.

[0049] Furthermore, the flexible sealing tube 11 is filled with a slow-adhesive adhesive; the upper part of the flexible sealing tube 11 is squeezed and sealed with the anchor plate 14, and the lower part is sealed by a flexible sealing ring 12 set on the connecting anchor. The flexible sealing tube 11 isolates the anchor rod body 1 from the surrounding underground space, avoiding corrosion problems and extending the service life of the rod body. The slow-adhesive adhesive filled inside the flexible sealing tube 11 further eliminates air inside the tube, thus achieving structural protection for the anchor rod body 1.

[0050] Preferably, the anchor plate 14 and the self-drilling area 100 are provided with an anchoring support body 15; and the anchor plate 14 is pressed onto the anchoring support body 15 by the anchor plate nut 16 on the anchor rod body 1.

[0051] When constructing the anchorage bearing 15, spiral reinforcement can be configured inside the anchorage bearing 15, which can be a rigid structure such as a raft slab, water-resistant slab, ground beam, or lattice. After the anchorage bearing 15 has reached the design strength and the grouting strength has also reached the design strength, the anchor plate 14 is placed on the anchor rod body 1 and tensioning is performed. The anchor plate nut 16 is then tightened, and finally, the exposed part of the anchor rod body is sealed or protected against corrosion. The anchor rod construction operation is then completed.

[0052] This anchor structure utilizes spiral drilling to compress the soil to form the hole. The enlarged head design enhances the anchor's pull-out resistance, and no filler is required. Grouting is only needed in the enlarged head area, and the pressurized supply via a grouting bag provides excellent anchor forming results even in groundwater with dynamic water levels. This approach saves resources and improves efficiency.

[0053] This anchor bolt structure is a tension-compression type. The upper self-drilling area 100 of the soil is the compression zone, and the lower enlarged head area 200 is the tension zone. The grouting quality of the tension zone 200 is more important for the reliability of the anchor bolt. Based on this, the enlarged head area 200 is set to improve the pull-out resistance of the anchor bolt. The anchor bolt body 1 is a spiral thick-walled fine-hole steel pipe. Applying a rotational torque to the bolt body 1 can achieve automatic drilling. The equipment for applying the torque includes, but is not limited to, motor-driven, compressor-driven, mechanical-driven, and manual-driven methods. This greatly expands the construction range of the anchor bolt, enabling it to reach mountainous areas and narrow, confined areas that are difficult for conventional equipment to access.

[0054] The anchor structure uses soil compression for drilling. When the anchor body 1 is drilled to the set depth, the upper end of the anchor body 1 is clamped and pulled upwards. At this time, the soil enters the expansion and contraction bowl 6, forcing the expansion and contraction zone 63 of the wall to expand. Under the pressure of the soil, the expansion and contraction bowl 6 slides down along the anchor body 1 while the hole-expanding folding arm 9 bends. The hole-expanding drill bit 8 is equipped with a ring blade 81 to start cutting the soil. When the hole diameter reaches the set diameter of the enlarged head, the expansion and contraction bowl 6 slides to the anchor clamp 10 and the pressure switch of the grouting port 3 is activated. At this time, the grouting mode is activated to inject grout into the hollow grouting pipe 2. Low-pressure grouting is used first, while the anchor reciprocates up and down to cut the soil, driving the grouting port 4 to inject grout into the cut soil. The hole-expanding folding arm 9 stirs to achieve soil grout mixing in the enlarged head area 02. After the anchor body 1 completes its reciprocating motion, the grouting pressure is increased. At this time, the grouting port 4 is wrapped by the mixture, and the grouting nozzle 3 pressurizes the sac again to squeeze the soil. Grout is also pressed downward at the lower edge 62 of the expansion and contraction bowl 6 to ensure the density of the soil-grout mixture in the lower enlarged head area 02. This improves the pull-out resistance of the enlarged head area.

[0055] In specific application scenarios, the application instance parameter requirements can be:

[0056] 1. The diameter of the non-enlarged head drill hole is 50-100mm, the diameter of the enlarged head is 450mm (length 5500mm), the hole depth should be greater than the design depth by 0.3m, and the characteristic value of the pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor rod is 560kN.

[0057] 2. The connecting anchor bodies 5 can be cast iron bearing bodies, spaced 1500mm apart, and only arranged in the enlarged head area. The steel pipes of the poles are mechanically connected; welding is strictly prohibited. The anchor plate is anchored into the foundation concrete for a length ≥400mm.

[0058] 3. Class II anti-corrosion construction: The ordinary section of the anti-buoyancy anchor rod uses a high-strength PE sleeve with an outer diameter of 63mm and a t=4.7mm. A slow-release adhesive is filled between the sleeve and the reinforcing bar. This adhesive must be filled and sealed promptly after drilling and before lowering the anchor rod. A flexible sealing ring must be used to prevent the adhesive from overflowing during tensioning. The overlap length between the sleeve and the grouting section of the enlarged head should not be less than 300mm.

[0059] 4. The setting time of the slow-setting adhesive should be 30-40 days. The casing should not be damaged when the slow-setting prestressed anchor rod is lowered.

[0060] 5. The waterproof layer at the joint should be reliably connected to the waterproof layer of the base.

[0061] 6. After the anchor body and anchor seat reach 80% of the design strength, prestressing is carried out, and the locking value is 450kN; after the anchor rod is tensioned to 1.2 times the characteristic value of the anchor rod pull-out bearing capacity, the load is continuously applied for 10 minutes and then unloaded to the locking load for locking; after the anchor rod is locked, it must not collide with the anchor head and the rod body.

[0062] 7. After the construction of the anti-buoyancy anchor bolts, a pull-out acceptance test shall be conducted to test the pull-out bearing capacity. The number of tests shall not be less than 5% of the total number of anchor bolts of the same type in each unit project (sub-unit project), and shall not be less than 5 bolts. The pull-out acceptance test shall be carried out only after the strength of the grouting body of the anchor bolt reaches 90% of the design strength.

[0063] 8. Before constructing prestressed anti-buoyancy anchor bolts, it is advisable to conduct trial construction and basic tests in representative locations or areas to verify the design and construction parameters.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor bolt structure, characterized in that, The anchor structure includes: anchor body (1), hollow grouting pipe (2), grouting nozzle (3), grouting port (4), tunneling drill bit (7), and hole enlarging drill bit (8); The tunneling drill bit (7) is set at the bottom end of the anchor body (1) to complete the hole excavation; the bottom of the anchor body (1) is also provided with a hole enlarging drill bit (8), and when the anchor body (1) is excavated to a preset depth, the hole enlarging drill bit (8) is used to complete the excavation of the enlarged head area (200); The anchor body (1) is also provided with a hollow grouting pipe (2), and a grouting port (4) is provided on the hollow grouting pipe (2) at the bottom end of the anchor body (1). A spraying port (3) is provided on the hollow grouting pipe (2) at the bottom end of the anchor body (1) to complete the grouting operation in the enlarged head area (200); The anchor body (1) is also wrapped with a bag (13) on the outside, and the bag (13) is located in the cavity corresponding to the enlarged head region (200); During the grouting process, the bag (13) receives the grout sprayed from the grouting port (3). After receiving the grout, the bag (13) expands until it and the grout output from the grouting port (4) together fill the enlarged head area (200). The top of the bag (13) is sealed to the connecting anchor body (5) set on the anchor body (1); The bottom end of the bag (13) is connected to the lower edge (62) of the bowl wall of the expansion and telescopic bowl (6), and the expansion and telescopic bowl (6) can slide along the anchor body (1); The opening of the expansion and telescopic bowl (6) is oriented toward the top of the anchor body (1); The reaming drill bit (8) includes a ring cutter (81) and two reaming levers (9). The ring blade (81) is positioned between two expanding folding arm rods (9) and is hinged to each expanding folding arm rod (9); The other ends of the two expanding boom rods (9) are respectively hinged to the expansion and telescopic bowl (6) and the tunneling drill bit (7); The anchor bolt body (1) is also provided with an anchor bolt clamp (10), which is located above the grouting nozzle (3) and is set close to the grouting nozzle (3); During the process of the reaming drill bit (8) reaming the hole, the anchor rod body (1) moves back and forth in the hole, thereby causing the expansion and telescopic bowl (6) to move back and forth on the anchor rod body (1) to complete the adjustment of the reaming diameter of the reaming drill bit (8) until the expansion and telescopic bowl (6) passes through the anchor rod clamp (10) and slides to the bottom side of the anchor rod clamp (10). At this time, the bag (13) completes the wrapping of the grouting nozzle (3), and the anchor rod clamp (10) completes the downward push against the expansion and telescopic bowl (6).

2. The anchor bolt structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pouch (13) is made of a flexible material.

3. The anchor bolt structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the enlarged head region (200) is a self-drilling region (100). A flexible sealing tube (11) is provided on the outside of the anchor body (1) located in the self-drilling region (100). The anchor body (1) in the corresponding region is sealed by the flexible sealing tube (11).

4. The anchor bolt structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The flexible sealing tube (11) is filled with a slow-adhesive agent; The upper part of the flexible sealing tube (11) is squeezed and sealed with the anchor plate (14), and the lower part is sealed by the flexible sealing ring (12) set on the connecting anchor body (5).

5. The anchor bolt structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The anchor plate (14) and the self-drilled area (100) are provided with anchor bearings (15). Furthermore, the anchor plate (14) is pressed onto the anchor bearing body (15) by the anchor plate nut (16) on the anchor rod body (1).

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