Weather resistance experiment device and experiment method of ice and snow material

Abstract

The application provides a weather resistance experiment device and experiment method of ice and snow materials, and relates to the technical field of experiment devices. The weather resistance experiment device of ice and snow materials comprises a temperature and humidity control system, a wind speed adjusting system and a sunshine simulation system. In combination with a low-temperature test cabin, the weather resistance experiment device can not only break the limitations of region and time conditions in field experiments, is beneficial to the development of a large number of related experiments, shortens the weather resistance experiment period of ice and snow materials, improves work efficiency, but also effectively controls experimental variables, can obtain the comprehensive influence result of coupling factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity and wind speed on the weather resistance of ice test pieces according to experiment requirements, improves the accuracy of experiment results, and further improves the weather resistance experiment test accuracy of ice and snow materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of experimental apparatus technology, and more specifically, to an experimental apparatus and method for testing the weather resistance of ice and snow materials. Background Technology

[0002] Ice and snow materials are building materials that, after freezing, possess a texture and feel almost identical to natural ice and snow. However, due to the influence of climate, their structural stability is relatively poor, requiring weather resistance testing.

[0003] Currently, xenon lamp climate chamber experimental devices cannot be used in experiments on ice and snow materials. Therefore, weather resistance experiments on ice and snow materials can only be conducted by sampling in the natural environment. This makes it impossible to effectively control environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and sunlight, resulting in poor accuracy, seasonal limitations, and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem addressed by this invention is: how to improve the accuracy of weather resistance testing for ice and snow materials.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a weather resistance testing device for ice and snow materials, comprising a temperature and humidity control system, a wind speed regulation system, and a solar radiation simulation system. The temperature and humidity control system includes a low-temperature environment chamber and a cooling fan unit installed within the chamber. The wind speed regulation system, located within the low-temperature environment chamber, includes a fan, a fan housing (both tubular), a stabilizing air duct, and an experimental air duct. The fan is installed at the air inlet of the fan housing, the air outlet of the fan housing is connected to the air inlet of the stabilizing air duct, and the air outlet of the stabilizing air duct is connected to the experimental air duct. The air inlet of the air duct is connected; the two opposite side walls of the experimental air duct are respectively provided with slots and tempered glass. The slots are used to engage with the ice specimen. The solar simulation system is located on the side of the tempered glass away from the slots. The solar simulation system includes a xenon lamp, an arc-shaped slide rail and a motor. The arc-shaped slide rail is installed in the experimental air duct and both ends are bent towards the tempered glass. The xenon lamp is slidably installed on the arc-shaped slide rail and is used to irradiate the ice specimen at the slot through the tempered glass. The motor is used to drive the xenon lamp to move along the arc-shaped slide rail.

[0006] Optionally, the wind speed regulation system further includes a wind speed control module, which is used to communicate with the fan to regulate the fan speed.

[0007] Optionally, the wind speed regulation system further includes a protective net located on the side of the fan away from the stable air duct and connected to the fan casing.

[0008] Optionally, the stabilizing air duct includes a stabilizing section and a static section. The stabilizing section is located between the static section and the fan casing. A honeycomb channel is provided in the stabilizing section, and three parallel damping plates are provided in the static section.

[0009] Optionally, the weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials further includes a windproof cover, which is connected to the test air duct and is used to cover the ice specimen from the outside of the test air duct.

[0010] Optionally, the solar radiation simulation system further includes solar radiation lifting rods and lifting motors. The two solar radiation lifting rods are located at both ends of the arc-shaped slide rail in the extension direction and are connected between the arc-shaped slide rail and the experimental air duct. The lifting motor is used to drive the solar radiation lifting rods to move away from or towards the experimental air duct.

[0011] Optionally, the wind speed regulation system further includes a tubular contraction duct, the wall curve of which conforms to the Vickers curve, the contraction duct connecting the stable duct and the experimental duct, and the diameter of the contraction duct gradually decreasing from the stable duct toward the experimental duct.

[0012] Optionally, the weather resistance testing device for ice and snow materials further includes a hot-wire anemometer, with two hot-wire anemometers located on opposite sides of the slot along the axial direction of the experimental air duct and inserted into the experimental air duct.

[0013] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the experimental air duct is rectangular.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the weather resistance testing device for ice and snow materials of the present invention utilizes a low-temperature environment chamber and a refrigeration fan unit installed within the chamber. The low-temperature environment chamber provides a relatively enclosed experimental environment, and the refrigeration fan unit controls the ambient temperature and humidity within the chamber. A fan is installed at the air inlet of its casing within the low-temperature environment chamber. The air outlet of the fan casing is connected to the air inlet of a stable air duct, and the air outlet of the stable air duct is connected to the air inlet of an experimental air duct. When the fan is started, airflow sequentially flows from the fan casing and the stable air duct to the experimental air duct, achieving natural wind... The simulation involves using a solar radiation simulation system to simulate the movement of the sun within a natural day. This, combined with the cryogenic test chamber, not only breaks the limitations of geographical and temporal conditions in field experiments, facilitating the large-scale implementation of related experiments, shortening the experimental cycle for the weather resistance of ice and snow materials, and improving work efficiency, but also enables effective human control of experimental variables. It allows for obtaining the comprehensive influence of coupled factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and wind speed on the weather resistance of ice specimens (ice and snow materials) according to experimental requirements, thereby improving the accuracy of experimental results and ultimately enhancing the accuracy of weather resistance testing of ice and snow materials.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a weathering resistance testing method for ice and snow materials, based on the aforementioned weathering resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials, the weathering resistance testing method for ice and snow materials includes the following steps:

[0016] Experimental ice specimens were prepared according to experimental requirements, and control and experimental groups were set up.

[0017] The weather resistance testing device for ice and snow materials was activated, and tests were conducted on the experimental group and the control group according to the test requirements. The mass changes of the experimental group and the control group were measured periodically.

[0018] The weathering curing was completed, and the performance of the experimental group and the control group was tested to complete the entire experimental process.

[0019] The advantages of this weather resistance testing method for ice and snow materials over existing technologies are the same as those of the weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials, which will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the weather resistance testing device for ice and snow materials in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the weather resistance test method for ice and snow materials in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1-Temperature and humidity control system; 11-Low temperature environment chamber; 12-Refrigeration fan unit; 2-Wind speed regulation system; 21-Fan; 22-Fan housing; 23-Stable air duct; 231-Stable flow section; 2311-Honeycomb channel; 232-Quiet flow section; 24-Experimental air duct; 25-Wind speed control module; 26-Protective net; 27-Damping plate; 28-Contraction air duct; 3-Sunlight simulation system; 31-Xenon lamp; 32-Arc-shaped slide rail; 33-Motor; 34-Sunlight lifting rod; 4-Windproof cover; 5-Hot wire anemometer; 10-Ice specimen. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the attached diagram, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, i.e., up and down. The positive direction of the Z-axis (where the arrow points) indicates up, and the negative direction (opposite to the positive Z-axis) indicates down. The Y-axis represents the front and back direction, with the positive direction of the Y-axis (where the arrow points) indicating the rear, and the negative direction of the X-axis (opposite to the positive Y-axis) indicating the front. It should be noted that the aforementioned representations of the Z-axis and Y-axis are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0027] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a weather resistance testing device for ice and snow materials, including a temperature and humidity control system 1, a wind speed regulation system 2, and a solar radiation simulation system 3. The temperature and humidity control system 1 includes a low-temperature environment chamber 11 and a cooling fan unit 12 installed inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11. The wind speed regulation system 2 is located inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11 and includes a fan 21, as well as a fan housing 22, a stabilizing air duct 23, and an experimental air duct 24, all of which are tubular. The fan 21 is installed at the air inlet of the fan housing 22, and the air outlet of the fan housing 22 is connected to the air inlet of the stabilizing air duct 23. The stabilizing air duct 23... The air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the experimental air duct 24; the two opposite side walls of the experimental air duct 24 are respectively provided with slots and tempered glass. The slots are used to engage with the ice specimen 10. The solar simulation system 3 is located on the side of the tempered glass away from the slots; the solar simulation system 3 includes a xenon lamp 31, an arc-shaped slide rail 32 and a motor 33. The arc-shaped slide rail 32 is installed in the experimental air duct 24 and both ends are bent towards the tempered glass. The xenon lamp 31 is slidably installed on the arc-shaped slide rail 32 and is used to irradiate the ice specimen 10 at the slot through the tempered glass. The motor 33 is used to drive the xenon lamp 31 to move along the arc-shaped slide rail 32.

[0028] Specifically, the refrigeration fan unit 12 installed inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11 cools the environment inside the chamber, and the temperature and humidity are controlled by varying the output power of the refrigeration fan unit 12. The fan housing 22, the stabilizing air duct 23, and the experimental air duct 24 are all tubular structures. The fan 21 is installed at the air inlet of the fan housing 22 (the end of the fan housing 22 facing the positive Y-axis) located inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11. The air outlet of the fan housing 22 (the end of the fan housing 22 facing the negative Y-axis) is connected to the air inlet of the stabilizing air duct 23 (the end of the stabilizing air duct 23 facing the positive Y-axis), and the air outlet of the stabilizing air duct 23 (the end of the stabilizing air duct 23 facing the negative Y-axis) is connected to the air inlet of the experimental air duct 24 (the end of the experimental air duct 24 facing the positive Y-axis). The two radially arranged side walls of the experimental air duct 24 are respectively provided with slots and tempered glass. The slots are located on the upper pipe wall of the experimental air duct 24. The tempered glass is located on the lower wall of the experimental air duct 24 (facing the positive Z-axis), and the slot is engaged with the ice specimen 10 (ice and snow material). The solar simulation system 3 is located on the side of the tempered glass away from the slot, that is, the solar simulation system 3 is located below the tempered glass. The solar simulation system 3 includes a xenon lamp 31, an arc-shaped slide rail 32, and a motor 33. The arc-shaped slide rail 32 is installed in the experimental air duct 24 through a threaded connector, and both ends of the arc-shaped slide rail 32 are bent towards the tempered glass. The xenon lamp 31 irradiates the tempered glass, and the motor 33 drives the xenon lamp 31 to move along the arc-shaped slide rail 32. Under the drive of the motor 33, the xenon lamp 31 can move at different speeds on the arc-shaped slide rail 32 to simulate the change of solar radiation angle within a natural day. That is, within a natural day, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west, and the angle between the light and the surface of the ice specimen 10 is in a process of change. The xenon lamp 31 is used to simulate solar radiation. In addition, the xenon lamp 31 can also change the light intensity to simulate the changes in solar radiation intensity during a natural day.

[0029] Therefore, in this embodiment, the low-temperature environment chamber 11 and the cooling fan unit 12 installed inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11 provide a relatively enclosed experimental environment. The cooling fan unit 12 can control the ambient temperature and humidity inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11. A fan 21 is installed at the air inlet of the fan housing 22 located inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11. The air outlet of the fan housing 22 is connected to the air inlet of the stable air duct 23, and the air outlet of the stable air duct 23 is connected to the air inlet of the experimental air duct 24. After the fan 21 is started, the airflow flows sequentially from the fan housing 22 and the stable air duct 23 to the experimental air duct 24. The system simulates natural wind; and then uses the solar radiation simulation system 3 to simulate the movement of the sun within a natural day. In combination with the low-temperature test chamber 11, it can not only break the limitations of geographical and time conditions in field experiments, which is conducive to the large-scale development of related experiments, shorten the experimental cycle of weather resistance of ice and snow materials, and improve work efficiency, but also realize the effective control of experimental variables. It can obtain the comprehensive influence results of coupling factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and wind speed on the weather resistance of ice specimen 10 (ice and snow materials) according to experimental needs, improve the accuracy of experimental results, and thus improve the accuracy of weather resistance test of ice and snow materials.

[0030] Optionally, the weather resistance testing device for ice and snow materials in this embodiment can also be placed outdoors to utilize the natural environment to provide temperature and humidity conditions and optimize the control effect of field experiments.

[0031] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the wind speed regulation system 2 also includes a wind speed control module 25, which is used to communicate with the fan 21 to regulate the speed of the fan 21.

[0032] Specifically, the wind speed control module 25 may include a controller, an on / off switch, and adjustment buttons. The wind speed control module 25 is communicatively connected to the fan 21 to regulate the speed of the fan 21.

[0033] Thus, by communicating with the fan 21 through the wind speed control module 25, the rotational speed of the fan 21 can be adjusted so that the rotational speed of the fan 21 can be adaptively adjusted according to different experimental requirements, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0034] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the wind speed regulation system 2 also includes a protective net 26, which is located on the side of the fan 21 away from the stable air duct 23 and is connected to the fan casing 22.

[0035] Specifically, the protective net 26 is connected to the side of the fan 21 away from the stable air duct 23 by a threaded connector, that is, the protective net 26 is located on the side of the fan 21 facing the positive Y-axis and is connected to the housing of the fan 21.

[0036] Thus, by positioning the protective net 26 on the side of the fan 21 away from the stable air duct 23 and connecting it to the fan 21 casing, not only is the operation safety of the test personnel protected, but large impurities in the air can also be filtered to prevent damage to the fan 21.

[0037] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the stabilizing air duct 23 includes a stabilizing section 231 and a static section 232. The stabilizing section 231 is located between the static section 232 and the fan casing 22. A honeycomb channel 2311 is provided in the stabilizing section 231, and three parallel damping plates 27 are provided in the static section 232.

[0038] Specifically, the honeycomb channel 2311 is composed of several regular hexagonal honeycomb cells, with an aspect ratio of 2.7. The damping plate 27 inside the stabilizing duct has a plate-like structure with several through holes evenly distributed on it. The length of the stabilizing section 232 inside the stabilizing duct 23 is 0.5 times the diameter of the stabilizing duct 23. Both the honeycomb channel 2311 and the damping plate 27 are adhesively connected to the inner wall of the stabilizing duct 23.

[0039] Thus, with the stabilizing section 231 located between the stabilizing section 232 and the fan casing 22, and a honeycomb channel 2311 provided within the stabilizing section 231, and three parallel damping plates 27 provided within the stabilizing section 232, the honeycomb channel 2311 and the three parallel damping plates 27 work together to ensure uniform and stable airflow, further effectively attenuating turbulence and improving experimental accuracy.

[0040] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the weather resistance test apparatus for ice and snow materials also includes a windproof cover 4, which is connected to the test air duct 24 and is used to cover the ice specimen 10 from the outside of the test air duct 24.

[0041] Specifically, the low-temperature environment inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11 is achieved by the refrigeration fan unit 12. To prevent the ice specimen 10 from being affected by the wind environment inside the low-temperature environment chamber 11, the windproof cover 4 is connected to the experimental air duct 24 and covers the ice specimen 10.

[0042] In this way, by connecting the windproof cover 4 to the experimental air duct 24 and covering the ice specimen 10, the ice specimen 10 can be prevented from being affected by the wind environment inside the low temperature environment chamber 11, thereby improving the accuracy of the ice specimen 10 experiment.

[0043] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the solar radiation simulation system 3 also includes solar radiation lifting rods 34 and lifting motors. The two solar radiation lifting rods 34 are located at both ends of the extension direction of the arc-shaped slide rail 32 and are connected between the arc-shaped slide rail 32 and the experimental air duct 24. The lifting motor is used to drive the solar radiation lifting rods 34 to move away from or towards the experimental air duct 24.

[0044] Specifically, the two solar lifting rods 34 are located at the front and rear ends of the arc-shaped slide rail 32 in the extension direction and are connected between the arc-shaped slide rail 32 and the experimental air duct 24. The lifting motor is used to drive the solar lifting rods 34 to move away from or towards the experimental air duct 24.

[0045] Thus, by using two solar lifting rods 34 located at both ends of the arc-shaped slide rail 32 and connected between the arc-shaped slide rail 32 and the experimental air duct 24, and by using a lifting motor to drive the solar lifting rods 34 to move away from or towards the experimental air duct 24, the distance between the xenon lamp 31 and the tempered glass can be adjusted to simulate different latitude regions. This can further improve the accuracy of the test results of the ice specimen 10.

[0046] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the wind speed regulation system 2 also includes a tubular contraction duct 28. The wall curve of the contraction duct 28 conforms to the Vickers curve. The contraction duct 28 connects the stable duct 23 and the experimental duct 24, and the diameter of the contraction duct 28 gradually decreases from the stable duct 23 toward the experimental duct 24.

[0047] Specifically, the contraction duct 28 has a circular cross-section along its length and is made of metal. The contraction duct 28 connects the stable duct 23 and the experimental duct 24, and its diameter gradually decreases towards the experimental duct 24; that is, the diameter of the experimental duct 24 gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. The wall curve of the contraction duct 28 conforms to the Vickers curve. The arrangement of the contraction section of the Vickers curve optimizes airflow quality, thereby improving the accuracy of experimental results. The shape of the contraction section of the Vickers curve helps reduce the velocity gradient in the airflow, making the airflow more uniform and reducing turbulence generation; it also improves the compression efficiency of the airflow, maximizing the retention of kinetic energy without excessive turbulent losses; and it prevents the airflow from stripping away from the duct surface during the transition process, thus maintaining flow stability.

[0048] Thus, by using the tubular contraction duct 28, whose wall curve conforms to the Vickers curve, the contraction duct 28 connects the stable duct 23 and the experimental duct 24, and the diameter of the contraction duct 28 gradually decreases towards the experimental duct 24, the generation of turbulence can be reduced, making the airflow more uniform and improving the stability of the airflow.

[0049] Optionally, combined Figure 1 As shown, the weather resistance test device for ice and snow materials also includes a hot-wire anemometer 5. The two hot-wire anemometers 5 are located on both sides of the slot along the axial direction of the test air duct 24 and are inserted into the test air duct 24.

[0050] Specifically, the upper wall of the experimental air duct 24 is provided with mounting holes, and two hot-wire anemometers 5 are located on both sides of the slot along the axial direction of the experimental air duct 24, with the probes of the hot-wire anemometers 5 inserted into the experimental air duct through the mounting holes.

[0051] Thus, with two hot-wire anemometers 5 positioned on either side of the slot along the axial direction of the experimental air duct 24 and inserted into the duct, the distance between the two hot-wire anemometers 5 and the ice specimen 10 is relatively close, resulting in more accurate test results. This not only makes full use of the space around the slot, but also allows the two hot-wire anemometers 5 to simultaneously monitor the stability of the airflow, enabling the experimenter to adjust the wind speed based on the test results of the two hot-wire anemometers 5, further improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0052] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the experimental air duct 24 is rectangular.

[0053] Specifically, the width of the experimental air duct 24 is greater than its height, and the cross-sectional shape of the experimental air duct 24 in its length direction (Y-axis direction) is rectangular. The experimental air duct 24 includes four side walls, of which tempered glass is installed on the side wall facing the negative Z-axis, and the remaining three side walls are made of metal plates.

[0054] Thus, by using a rectangular cross-sectional shape for the experimental air duct 24, the lower end of the ice specimen 10 can fully contact the experimental air duct 24. This ensures that the wind speed below the ice specimen 10 is relatively stable after the ice specimen 10 is placed on the experimental air duct 24, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results of the ice specimen 10.

[0055] Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a weathering resistance testing method for ice and snow materials. Based on the aforementioned weathering resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials, the weathering resistance testing method for ice and snow materials includes the following steps:

[0056] Step S100: Prepare experimental ice specimens according to experimental requirements, and set up control and experimental groups;

[0057] Specifically, laboratory blocks are prepared according to experimental requirements. Generally, a control group and an experimental group need to be set up, and the experimental group can be set up into multiple subgroups according to the experimental objectives. Each group of test blocks requires at least 3 specimens to meet the statistical analysis conditions. Multiple specimens can be tested simultaneously to ensure the control requirements of environmental factors during the experiment.

[0058] Step S200: Start the weather resistance test device for ice and snow materials, and conduct tests on the experimental group and the control group according to the test requirements, and measure the mass changes of the experimental group and the control group regularly;

[0059] Specifically, the temperature and humidity control system 1 is activated to maintain the initial temperature set in the experiment. The ice specimen 10 is wrapped with plastic wrap and aluminum foil and placed in the low-temperature test chamber 11 under constant temperature conditions for 1-2 days to maintain the initial experimental temperature. One hour before the end of curing, the wind speed control system 2 and the sunlight simulation system 3 are activated, and the electronic scale is placed in a low-temperature environment. The experimental specimens are removed, the aluminum foil and plastic wrap on the experimental surface are removed, the specimen mass is recorded using the electronic scale, and then placed on the experimental platform with the windproof cover closed. The wind speed, radiation, temperature, and humidity are controlled according to the experimental objectives. The mass change of the specimens is measured periodically according to the experimental objectives, generally on a daily basis. During testing, the electronic scale is pre-cooled in the low-temperature test chamber 11, and a windless environment is found for rapid measurement of the specimens to reduce sublimation changes caused by specimen movement. The evaporation pan method can be used to obtain the sublimation rate change through mass conversion.

[0060] Step S300: End the weathering curing and perform performance tests on the experimental group and the control group to complete the entire experimental process.

[0061] Specifically, after the curing process is completed, the equipment is stopped after maintaining the low-temperature environment of the cryogenic test chamber 11 or transferring the ice specimen 10 to a low-temperature environment. The mechanical properties and durability indicators of the ice specimen 10 are then tested using a universal testing machine and colorimetric cards. After the test, the experimental equipment can be disassembled for easy storage.

[0062] The advantages of this weather resistance testing method for ice and snow materials over existing technologies are the same as those of the weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials, which will not be elaborated here.

[0063] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials, characterized in that, It includes a temperature and humidity control system (1), a wind speed regulation system (2) and a solar radiation simulation system (3). The temperature and humidity control system (1) includes a low temperature environment chamber (11) and a refrigeration fan unit (12) installed in the low temperature environment chamber (11). The wind speed regulation system (2) is located inside the low temperature environment chamber (11) and includes a fan (21), a fan housing (22), a stable air duct (23), and an experimental air duct (24), all of which are tubular. The fan (21) is installed at the air inlet of the fan housing (22). The air outlet of the fan housing (22) is connected to the air inlet of the stable air duct (23). The air outlet of the stable air duct (23) is connected to the air inlet of the experimental air duct (24). The experimental air duct (24) has a slot and tempered glass respectively on its two opposite side walls. The slot is used to engage with the ice specimen (10). The solar radiation simulation system (3) is located on the side of the tempered glass away from the slot. The solar simulation system (3) includes a xenon lamp (31), an arc-shaped slide rail (32), and a motor (33). The arc-shaped slide rail (32) is installed in the experimental air duct (24) and both ends are bent toward the tempered glass. The xenon lamp (31) is slidably installed on the arc-shaped slide rail (32) and is used to irradiate the ice specimen (10) at the slot through the tempered glass. The motor (33) is used to drive the xenon lamp (31) to move along the arc-shaped slide rail (32).

2. The weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind speed regulation system (2) further includes a wind speed control module (25), which is used to communicate with the fan (21) to regulate the speed of the fan (21).

3. The weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind speed regulation system (2) also includes a protective net (26), which is located on the side of the fan (21) away from the stable air duct (23) and is connected to the fan housing (22).

4. The weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stable air duct (23) includes a stable flow section (231) and a static flow section (232). The stable flow section (231) is located between the static flow section (232) and the fan casing (22). A honeycomb channel (2311) is provided in the stable flow section (231), and three parallel damping plates (27) are provided in the static flow section (232).

5. The weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wind shield (4), which is connected to the experimental air duct (24) and is used to cover the ice specimen (10) from the outside of the experimental air duct (24).

6. The weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar simulation system (3) also includes a solar lifting rod (34) and a lifting motor. The two solar lifting rods (34) are located at both ends of the extension direction of the arc-shaped slide rail (32) and are connected between the arc-shaped slide rail (32) and the experimental air duct (24). The lifting motor is used to drive the solar lifting rod (34) to move away from or towards the experimental air duct (24).

7. The weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind speed regulation system (2) also includes a tubular contraction duct (28), the wall curve of the contraction duct (28) conforms to the Vickers curve, the contraction duct (28) connects the stable duct (23) and the experimental duct (24), and the diameter of the contraction duct (28) gradually decreases from the stable duct (23) toward the experimental duct (24).

8. The weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hot-wire anemometer (5), with two hot-wire anemometers (5) located on both sides of the slot along the axial direction of the experimental air duct (24) and inserted into the experimental air duct (24).

9. The weather resistance testing apparatus for ice and snow materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the experimental air duct (24) is rectangular.

10. A method for testing the weather resistance of ice and snow materials, based on the testing apparatus for weather resistance of ice and snow materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The weather resistance test method for the ice and snow materials includes the following steps: Experimental ice specimens were prepared according to experimental requirements, and control and experimental groups were set up. The weather resistance testing device for ice and snow materials was activated, and tests were conducted on the experimental group and the control group according to the experimental requirements. The mass changes of the experimental group and the control group were measured periodically. The weathering curing was completed, and the performance of the experimental group and the control group was tested to complete the entire experimental process.

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