Seismic wavelet phase extraction method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The present application relates to oil and gas geophysical exploration technology field, disclose a kind of seismic wavelet phase extraction method, comprising: using preset phase rotation angle sequence is rotated to the phase of the seismic rake wavelet, obtain rotated wavelet sequence;Using preset initial reflection coefficient sequence is convolved to the target rotated wavelet, obtain initial seismic record sequence;Initial reflection coefficient sequence is input to preset target function, using coordinate descent algorithm is updated to the reflection coefficient sequence, and the updated seismic record sequence is calculated;The residual value between seismic record sequence is calculated, according to residual value iterative calculation is carried out, until residual value is less than preset residual threshold, record the residual value;According to the phase rotation angle of the residual value corresponding determines seismic wavelet phase rotation angle.The present application also proposes a kind of seismic wavelet phase extraction device, electronic equipment and storage medium.The present application can improve the extraction precision of seismic wavelet phase.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium for seismic wavelet phase extraction. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic wavelets have wide applications in oil and gas exploration. They typically refer to seismic pulses composed of two to three or more phases. Besides being used for forward and inverse wave impedance modeling and high-resolution deconvolution, they are also used for synthetic logging, stratigraphic calibration, and well-vibration matching. Therefore, seismic wavelets serve as the link between well logging and seismic data. However, in the seismic data processing stage, since well logging data is not available, only wavelets can be estimated. The estimated seismic wavelets are mainly used for seismic deconvolution to improve seismic data resolution and for seismic forward modeling in seismic data processing.

[0003] With the continuous development of seismic exploration data processing and interpretation technologies, extracting seismic wavelets from seismic records has become a classic topic in seismic exploration digital signal processing. Although many wavelet extraction methods and techniques have been proposed, the fact that actual seismic data often fails to meet some basic assumptions of wavelet extraction makes it one of the key constraints affecting further improvement in the quality of seismic data processing. Therefore, obtaining the wavelet phase rotation angle using effective methods to obtain a more accurate wavelet for seismic data processing is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium for seismic wavelet phase extraction.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for seismic wavelet phase extraction, comprising:

[0006] The seismic Reich wavelet is acquired, and the phase of the seismic Reich wavelet is rotated using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence;

[0007] One of the rotating wavelet sequences is selected as the target rotating wavelet, and the target rotating wavelet is convolved using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding initial seismic record sequence.

[0008] The initial reflection coefficient sequence is input as an independent variable into a preset objective function to obtain the objective function. The reflection coefficient sequence is then updated using a coordinate descent algorithm, and the updated seismic record sequence is calculated.

[0009] Calculate the residual value between the updated seismic coefficient sequence and the initial seismic coefficient sequence, and iteratively calculate the updated reflection coefficient sequence based on the residual value until the residual value is less than a preset residual threshold, and record the residual value.

[0010] The above operation is performed sequentially on each rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence to obtain a set of residual values;

[0011] The phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is determined by finding the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value in the residual value set.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing phase rotation on the seismic Ricker wavelet using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence includes:

[0013] Perform a forward Fourier transform on the earthquake Ricker wavelet to obtain the expression of the earthquake Ricker wavelet in the frequency domain;

[0014] The preset phase rotation angle sequence is sequentially added to the phase angle in the frequency domain expression to obtain the rotated frequency domain expression;

[0015] Performing an inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain expression yields a rotating wavelet sequence.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing convolution calculation on the target rotating wavelet using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding seismic record sequence includes:

[0017] The initial reflection coefficient sequence and the target rotating wavelet are convolved using the following formula (1) to obtain the corresponding initial seismic record sequence:

[0018] s(t)=∫r(τ)*w(t-τ)dτ+n(t) Formula (1)

[0019] Wherein, s(t) is the initial seismic record sequence, w(t) is the target rotating wavelet, r(t) is the initial reflection coefficient sequence, n(t) is the preset additive noise, and * represents convolution;

[0020] The above formula can also be expressed in matrix form, S = w*r n Formula (2)

[0021] Where S is the seismic record vector, w is the convolution kernel matrix, n is the noise vector, and r is the reflection coefficient sequence vector.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, updating the reflection coefficient sequence using a coordinate descent algorithm includes:

[0023] One objective function coordinate from the sequence of objective functions is selected as the initial coordinate;

[0024] Using the x-coordinate of the initial coordinate system as a variable and the y-coordinate as a constant value, the partial derivative with respect to the variable is taken to obtain the first minimum value of the objective function at the variable.

[0025] The horizontal coordinate is updated based on the first minimum value. The vertical coordinate is selected as the second variable. The updated horizontal coordinate is used as a constant value. The partial derivative with respect to the vertical coordinate is used to obtain the second minimum value of the objective function at the vertical coordinate.

[0026] The ordinate is updated based on the second minimum value, and iterative calculations are performed based on the updated ordinate until the objective function converges, thereby obtaining the minimum value sequence corresponding to the objective function sequence. The reflection coefficient sequence is then updated using the minimum value sequence.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, calculating the residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence includes:

[0028] The residual between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence is calculated using the following formula (2):

[0029]

[0030] Where E is the residual value, y′ i For the i-th earthquake record in the updated earthquake record sequence, y i Let be the i-th earthquake record in the earthquake record sequence, and n be the total number of earthquake records in the earthquake record sequence.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet by finding the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value based on the residual value set includes:

[0032] Extract the two smallest residual values ​​from the set of residual values;

[0033] The range of the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the phase rotation angles corresponding to the two smallest residual values.

[0034] The seismic wavelet phase rotation angle is determined within the range of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle within the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle range includes:

[0036] The range of phase rotation angles of the seismic wavelet is divided using a rotation angle step size of one to obtain the first phase rotation angle sequence;

[0037] The phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is obtained by iteratively calculating the seismic wavelet using the first phase rotation angle sequence.

[0038] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a seismic wavelet phase extraction device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0039] A phase rotation module is used to acquire seismic Reich wavelet and perform phase rotation on the seismic Reich wavelet using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence.

[0040] The convolution calculation module is used to sequentially select one of the rotating wavelet sequences as the target rotating wavelet, and perform convolution calculation on the target rotating wavelet using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding initial seismic record sequence.

[0041] The reflection coefficient sequence update module is used to input the initial reflection coefficient as an independent variable into a preset objective function to obtain the objective function, update the reflection coefficient sequence using a coordinate descent algorithm, and calculate the updated seismic record sequence.

[0042] The residual value calculation module is used to calculate the residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence, and to iteratively calculate the updated reflection coefficient sequence based on the residual value until the residual value is less than a preset residual threshold, and then record the residual value.

[0043] The above operation is performed sequentially on each rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence to obtain a set of residual values;

[0044] The seismic wavelet phase rotation angle determination module is used to find the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value based on the residual value set, and then determine the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle.

[0045] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, which includes:

[0046] processor;

[0047] Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions;

[0048] The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement a seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in the first aspect above.

[0049] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements a seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in the first aspect above.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] This invention provides an embodiment of the method for obtaining a rotating wavelet by rotating the seismic Ricker wavelet using a preset phase rotation angle sequence. The rotating wavelet is then convolved using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding seismic record sequence, accurately reflecting the convolution relationship between the seismic wavelet and the reflection functions of each layer of the subsurface model. The initial reflection coefficients are input into a preset objective function, and the reflection coefficient sequence is updated using a coordinate descent algorithm. The updated seismic record sequence is then calculated, allowing for rapid determination of the wavelet phase rotation angle. The residual values ​​between the updated and original seismic record sequences are calculated. When the residual values ​​meet a preset residual threshold, they are recorded to identify the deviation between the convolution calculation result and the original seismic data. Iterative calculations are performed according to a preset rotation angle step size to obtain a residual value sequence. The phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value is found in the residual value set to determine the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle. This ensures that the fitting result of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle is essentially consistent with the original seismic data, thereby enabling the extraction of a more accurate seismic wavelet. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 The flowchart of the seismic wavelet phase extraction method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0054] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the phase rotation process of the seismic Ricker wavelet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0055] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the coordinate descent algorithm of Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0056] Figure 4 This diagram shows the functional block diagram of the seismic wavelet phase extraction device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 The diagram shows the composition of an electronic device for implementing the seismic wavelet phase extraction method according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present disclosure will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0059] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0060] This invention proposes a seismic wavelet phase extraction method. Based on the rotation of the Ricker wavelet phase, it utilizes a coordinate descent algorithm to quickly determine the rotation angle of the corresponding wavelet phase in seismic data, achieving the minimum residual value. The reliability of the results is quantitatively verified, showing that the convolution result of this rotation angle and the reflection coefficient has minimal deviation from the original seismic data. Furthermore, the coordinate descent method is simple in concept, faster than other algorithms, and provides high accuracy, achieving efficient and accurate acquisition of the wavelet phase rotation angle, laying the foundation for further seismic data processing. Compared to traditional methods, the phase rotation angle calculated using the coordinate descent algorithm has higher accuracy and great potential for application in seismic data interpretation, facilitating further processing of seismic data.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a method for seismic wavelet phase extraction, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. Obtain the seismic Reich wavelet, and perform phase rotation on the seismic Reich wavelet using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence;

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, the seismic Ricker wavelet is a wavelength signal with a definite start time, finite energy, and a certain duration. It is a basic unit in seismic records. In this embodiment of the invention, the seismic Ricker wavelet is a seismic signal expression with a dominant frequency of 30 Hz and zero phase in the time domain. Specifically, the seismic Ricker wavelet can be obtained using professional software such as Matlab.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, the phase rotation angle sequence is obtained by updating the angle according to a preset step size. For example, if the preset step size is 10°, then the phase rotation angle sequence is 0°, 10°, 20°, ... 180°. By performing phase rotation on the seismic Reichschild wavelet according to the phase rotation angle, the seismic phase rotation angle can be determined.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 As shown, the step of using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to perform phase rotation on the seismic Ricker wavelet to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence includes:

[0067] S21. Perform a positive Fourier transform on the earthquake Ricker wavelet to obtain the expression of the earthquake Ricker wavelet in the frequency domain;

[0068] S22. The preset phase rotation angle sequence is added sequentially to the phase angle in the frequency domain expression to obtain the rotated frequency domain expression;

[0069] S23. Perform an inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain expression to obtain the rotating wavelet sequence.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, the earthquake Ricker wavelet is based on the time domain expression, and the corresponding time domain phase is the phase value of the signal after the superposition of each harmonic. Therefore, it is necessary to convert the time domain expression into the frequency domain expression so that the phase does not change with the frequency, thereby performing phase rotation.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, by rotating the phase of the seismic Reichschild wavelet, the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet can be simulated, thereby determining the actual phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet.

[0072] S2. Select one of the rotating wavelet sequences as the target rotating wavelet, and perform convolution calculation on the target rotating wavelet using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding seismic record sequence;

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, the reflection coefficient sequence is the ratio of the amplitude of the reflected wave to the amplitude of the incident wave when a seismic wave is incident on the interface between two media. The reflected wave is reflected back, forming a reflected wave, while the incident wave is transmitted through the interface, forming a transmitted wave. This ratio indirectly expresses the geological characteristics of the underground strata. Specifically, the reflection coefficient sequence is r = (r1, ..., r...). 2500 ), where r 20 =0.7,r 23 =-0.4,r 108 =0.7,r 105 =-0.35,r 140 =0.25,r 142 =0.3,r 145 =-0.6,r 150 =0.8,r 200 =0.4,r 205 =-0.2 represents different underground geological features.

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, the convolution calculation is a type of convolution calculation. The convolution calculation simulates the seismic records obtained when the seismic wavelet passes through each underground layer. Each reflection coefficient represents an underground stratum medium, and the ground can receive the reflected wave of each stratum, which is a seismic record, thereby obtaining a seismic record sequence.

[0075] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing convolution calculation on the target rotating wavelet using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding seismic record sequence includes:

[0076] In detail, in this embodiment of the invention, the preset reflection coefficient sequence and the target rotating wavelet can be convolved using the following formula (1) to obtain the corresponding seismic record sequence:

[0077] s(t)=∫r(τ)*w(t-τ)dτ+n(t) Formula (1)

[0078] Wherein, s(t) is the seismic record sequence, w(t) is the target rotating wavelet, r(t) is the initial reflection coefficient sequence, n(t) is the preset additive noise, and * represents convolution;

[0079] The above formula can also be expressed in matrix form, S = w*r n Formula (2);

[0080] Where S is the seismic record vector, w is the convolution kernel matrix, n is the noise vector, and r is the reflection coefficient sequence vector.

[0081] In this embodiment of the invention, the seismic record sequence can transform the geological characteristics of the earthquake region into seismic information, accurately reflecting the geological characteristics of the earthquake and providing a basis for the subsequent extraction of more accurate seismic wavelets.

[0082] S3. Input the initial reflection coefficient sequence as an independent variable into a preset objective function to obtain the objective function. Update the initial reflection coefficient sequence using the coordinate descent algorithm and calculate the updated seismic record sequence.

[0083] In this embodiment of the invention, the objective function is a minimization objective function, specifically, the objective function is minZ = ||w*r n ‖2, The initial reflection coefficient sequence is input as an independent variable into a preset objective function to obtain an objective function sequence with the initial reflection coefficient sequence as the variable. Then, the coordinate descent algorithm is used to optimize the objective function sequence to obtain an updated reflection function sequence.

[0084] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, the coordinate descent algorithm is a simple and efficient non-gradient optimization algorithm, which minimizes the objective function value along the coordinate axis of the other coordinate while keeping the other coordinate fixed, thereby obtaining the minimum value of the objective function.

[0085] In the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 3 As shown, updating the initial reflection coefficient sequence using the coordinate descent algorithm includes:

[0086] S31. Select one of the objective function coordinates as the initial coordinates in sequence;

[0087] S32. Taking the x-coordinate of the initial coordinates as a variable and the y-coordinate as a constant value, take the partial derivative with respect to the variable to obtain the first minimum value of the objective function at the variable.

[0088] S33. Update the horizontal coordinate according to the first minimum value, select the vertical coordinate as the second variable, take the updated horizontal coordinate as a constant value, and take the partial derivative with respect to the vertical coordinate to obtain the second minimum value of the objective function at the vertical coordinate.

[0089] S34. Update the ordinate based on the second minimum value, perform iterative calculations based on the updated ordinate until the objective function converges, obtain the minimum value sequence corresponding to the objective function sequence, and update the reflection coefficient sequence using the minimum value sequence.

[0090] In this embodiment of the invention, it is necessary to find the minimum value of the objective function. Therefore, the x-coordinate and y-coordinate in the initial coordinates are used as parameters of the objective function. When the y-coordinate in the coordinate values ​​is minimized, the value of the objective function is also minimized.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the reflection coefficient sequence is updated using the minimum value of the objective function, making the updated seismic record sequence closer to the actual geological features, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of subsequent seismic wavelet extraction. Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the updated seismic record sequence can be calculated using the method described above for calculating the initial seismic record sequence, which will not be elaborated here.

[0092] S4. Calculate the residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence, and iteratively calculate the updated reflection coefficient sequence based on the residual value until the residual value is less than a preset residual threshold, and record the residual value.

[0093] In this embodiment of the invention, the residual value represents the error between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence. When the residual value is too large, it indicates that there is a large difference between the updated seismic record sequence and the true value, and iterative calculation is required until the residual value is less than a preset residual threshold.

[0094] In detail, the residual between the updated reflection coefficient sequence and the reflection coefficient sequence is calculated using the following formula (3):

[0095] The residual between the updated reflection coefficient sequence and the original reflection coefficient sequence is calculated using the following formula (3):

[0096]

[0097] Where E is the residual value, y′ i Let y be the reflection coefficient of the i-th element in the updated seismic record sequence. i Let be the i-th earthquake record in the earthquake record sequence, and n be the total number of earthquake records in the earthquake record sequence.

[0098] S5. Perform the above operation on each rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence in sequence to obtain the residual value set;

[0099] In this embodiment of the invention, the above operation needs to be performed on each rotating wavelet to obtain the residual value corresponding to each rotating wavelet, and further obtain the residual value set so as to find the phase rotation angle with the smallest residual value and improve the accuracy of the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet.

[0100] S6. Based on the residual value set, find the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value to determine the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet, and obtain the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet.

[0101] In this embodiment of the invention, when the residual value is not less than the preset residual threshold, it indicates that the calculated minimum value is not the minimum value of the objective function. It may be that a stationary point in the objective function is mistakenly identified as the minimum point. Therefore, iterative calculation is required until the residual value is less than the preset residual threshold.

[0102] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, when the residual value is less than the preset residual threshold, the residual value is recorded, which represents the error between the reflection coefficient sequence under the target rotating wavelet and the actual geological features. Under different target rotating wavelets, different phase rotation angles are corresponding to improve the accuracy of the seismic wavelet rotation angle.

[0103] In this embodiment of the invention, the residual value corresponds to a preset phase rotation angle. The smaller the residual value, the closer the preset phase rotation angle is to the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet. Therefore, the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet can be determined based on the phase rotation angle corresponding to the residual value.

[0104] In this embodiment of the invention, determining the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle by finding the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value based on the residual value set includes:

[0105] Extract the two smallest residual values ​​from the set of residual values;

[0106] The range of the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the phase rotation angles corresponding to the two smallest residual values.

[0107] The seismic wavelet phase rotation angle is determined within the range of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle.

[0108] Further, determining the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle within the range of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle includes:

[0109] The range of phase rotation angles of the seismic wavelet is divided using a rotation angle step size of one to obtain the first phase rotation angle sequence;

[0110] The phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is obtained by iteratively calculating the seismic wavelet using the first phase rotation angle sequence.

[0111] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting the rotation angle step size to one, the angle can be accurately divided within the range of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle, and the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle corresponding to the residual value being close to zero can be obtained by iterative calculation, thereby further improving the accuracy of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle.

[0112] In this embodiment of the invention, the phase rotation of the seismic Ricker wavelet can be performed using the method in step S1 above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0113] In one optional embodiment of the present invention, when the step size between the preset rotation angles is 10°, the phase rotation angles corresponding to the two smallest residual values ​​are calculated to be 70° and 80°. Then, the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is between 70° and 80°. The range of the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is then divided using a rotation angle step size of one. The phase rotation angle corresponding to the smallest residual value is calculated iteratively to be 75°, and the residual value is closest to 0. Therefore, the seismic wavelet obtained when the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is 75° is closer to the original real seismic wavelet, and thus the obtained seismic data is more accurate.

[0114] In this embodiment of the invention, the reliability of the result is quantitatively verified by minimizing the residual value, indicating that the convolution result of this phase rotation angle and reflection coefficient has the smallest deviation from the original seismic data. It can quickly and accurately obtain the rotation angle of the seismic wavelet phase, thereby extracting a more accurate seismic wavelet.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] To better understand the present invention, a second embodiment is provided below to further explain the situation in which the seismic Reichschild wavelet is obtained and the phase of the seismic Reichschild wavelet is rotated using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence.

[0117] In this embodiment of the invention, the step of using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to perform phase rotation on the seismic Ricker wavelet to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence includes:

[0118] Calculate the data length of the seismic Ricker wavelet, and determine the phase factor of the seismic Ricker wavelet based on the data length;

[0119] The phase factor of the seismic Ricker wavelet is determined using the following formula:

[0120]

[0121] Wherein, P is the phase factor of the seismic Ricker wavelet, j is the imaginary number, and M is the data length of the seismic Ricker wavelet.

[0122] Calculate the phase difference sequence between the preset phase rotation angle sequences based on the phase factor;

[0123] The phase of the seismic Reich wavelet is adjusted according to the phase difference sequence to obtain a rotating wavelet sequence.

[0124] In this embodiment of the invention, the phase factor characterizes the phase relationship caused by the change of the seismic Ricker wavelet over time. The phase difference between each phase rotation angle and the seismic Ricker wavelet is calculated using the phase factor. The phase difference can then be used to adjust the phase of the seismic Ricker wavelet, thereby completing the rotation of the seismic wavelet.

[0125] This invention provides an embodiment of the method for obtaining a rotating wavelet by rotating the seismic Ricker wavelet using a preset phase rotation angle sequence. The rotating wavelet is then convolved using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain an initial seismic record sequence corresponding to the rotating wavelet, accurately reflecting the convolution relationship between the seismic wavelet and the reflection functions of each layer of the underground model. The initial reflection coefficient sequence is input into a preset objective function, and a coordinate descent algorithm is used to update the reflection coefficient sequence and calculate the updated seismic record sequence, quickly obtaining the rotation angle of the wavelet phase. The residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence is calculated. When the residual value meets a preset residual threshold, the residual value is recorded, allowing for the determination of the deviation between the convolution calculation result and the original seismic data. This process is repeated for each rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence to obtain a set of residual values. The phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value in the residual value set is selected to determine the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle, ensuring that the fitting result of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle is essentially consistent with the original seismic data, thereby enabling the extraction of a more accurate seismic wavelet.

[0126] Example 3

[0127] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment also provides a functional block diagram of a seismic wavelet phase extraction device.

[0128] The seismic wavelet phase extraction device 100 described in this embodiment can be installed in an electronic device. Depending on the functions implemented, the seismic wavelet phase extraction device 100 may include a phase rotation module 101, a convolution calculation module 102, a reflection coefficient sequence update module 103, a residual value calculation module 104, a residual value set calculation module 105, and a seismic wavelet phase rotation angle determination module 106. The module described in this invention can also be called a unit, referring to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and can perform a fixed function, stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0129] In this embodiment, the functions of each module / unit are as follows:

[0130] The phase rotation module 101 is used to acquire the seismic Reich wavelet and perform phase rotation on the seismic Reich wavelet using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence.

[0131] The convolution calculation module 102 is used to select a rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence as the target rotating wavelet, and perform convolution calculation on the target rotating wavelet using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding initial seismic record sequence.

[0132] The reflection coefficient sequence update module 103 is used to input the initial reflection coefficient sequence as an independent variable into a preset objective function to obtain the objective function, update the reflection coefficient sequence using a coordinate descent algorithm, and calculate the updated seismic record sequence.

[0133] The residual value calculation module 104 is used to calculate the residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence, iteratively calculate the updated reflection coefficient based on the residual value until the residual value is less than a preset residual threshold, and record the residual value.

[0134] The residual value set calculation module 105 is used to perform the above operation on each rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence in sequence to obtain the residual value set.

[0135] The seismic wavelet phase rotation angle determination module 106 is used to determine the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle by finding the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value based on the residual value set, thereby obtaining the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle.

[0136] In detail, each module in the seismic wavelet phase extraction device 100 described in this embodiment of the invention uses the same technical means as the seismic wavelet phase extraction method described in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and can produce the same technical effect, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] Example 4

[0138] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a computer electronic device, which may include a processor 10, a memory 11, a communication bus 12 and a communication interface 13, and may also include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and executable on the processor 10, such as a seismic wavelet phase extraction program.

[0139] In some embodiments, the processor 10 may be composed of integrated circuits, such as a single packaged integrated circuit or multiple integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including combinations of one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and various control chips. The processor 10 is the control unit of the electronic device, connecting various components of the entire electronic device through various interfaces and lines. It executes programs or modules stored in the memory 11 (e.g., executing a seismic wavelet phase extraction program) and calls data stored in the memory 11 to perform various functions of the electronic device and process data.

[0140] The memory 11 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, including flash memory, portable hard drive, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 11 can be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as a portable hard drive. In other embodiments, the memory 11 can be an external storage device of the electronic device, such as a plug-in portable hard drive, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, Flash Card, etc. Furthermore, the memory 11 can include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device. The memory 11 can be used not only to store application software and various types of data installed on the electronic device, such as code for a product recommendation program based on user profiles, but also to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0141] The communication bus 12 can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The bus is configured to enable communication between the memory 11 and at least one processor 10, etc.

[0142] The communication interface 13 is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic device and other devices, including a network interface and a user interface. Optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface, Bluetooth interface, etc.), typically used to establish communication connections between the electronic device and other electronic devices. The user interface may be a display, an input unit (such as a keyboard), or, optionally, a standard wired or wireless interface. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen, etc. The display may also be appropriately referred to as a screen or display unit, used to display information processed in the electronic device and to display a visual user interface.

[0143] The figure only shows an electronic device with components. Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device and may include fewer or more components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0144] For example, although not shown, the electronic device may also include a power supply (such as a battery) to power the various components. Preferably, the power supply can be logically connected to the at least one processor 10 through a power management device, thereby enabling functions such as charging management, discharging management, and power consumption management. The power supply may also include one or more DC or AC power supplies, recharging devices, power fault detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, and other arbitrary components. The electronic device may also include various sensors, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0145] It should be understood that the embodiments described are for illustrative purposes only and are not limited to this structure in the scope of the patent application.

[0146] The seismic wavelet phase extraction program stored in the memory 11 of the electronic device is a combination of multiple instructions, which, when run in the processor 10, can achieve the following:

[0147] The seismic Reich wavelet is acquired, and the phase of the seismic Reich wavelet is rotated using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence;

[0148] One of the rotating wavelet sequences is selected as the target rotating wavelet, and the target rotating wavelet is convolved using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding initial seismic record sequence.

[0149] The initial reflection coefficient sequence is input as an independent variable into a preset objective function to obtain the objective function. The initial reflection coefficient sequence is then updated using a coordinate descent algorithm, and the updated seismic record sequence is calculated.

[0150] Calculate the residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence, iterate the calculation of the updated reflection coefficient sequence based on the residual value until the residual value is less than a preset residual threshold, and record the residual value.

[0151] The above operation is performed sequentially on each rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence to obtain a set of residual values;

[0152] The phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is determined by finding the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value in the residual value set.

[0153] Specifically, the specific implementation method of the processor 10 for the above instructions can be referred to the description of the relevant steps in the corresponding embodiment of the accompanying drawings, and will not be repeated here.

[0154] Furthermore, if the modules / units integrated into the electronic device are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be volatile or non-volatile. For example, the computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, or a read-only memory (ROM).

[0155] Example 5

[0156] This embodiment provides a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the seismic wavelet phase extraction method described above.

[0157] This program code can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 Steps of a specified function in one or more processes.

[0158] Storage media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and can be used to store information by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transfer medium that can be used to store information accessible by computing devices.

[0159] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this application. When the terms “comprising” and / or “including” are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0160] It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0161] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0162] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0163] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0164] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0165] Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced within the invention. No appended diagram markings in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0166] The embodiments of this application can acquire and process relevant data based on artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the theories, methods, technologies, and application systems that use digital computers or machines controlled by digital computers to simulate, extend, and expand human intelligence, perceive the environment, acquire knowledge, and use that knowledge to obtain optimal results.

[0167] Furthermore, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices recited in a system claim may also be implemented by a single unit or device through software or hardware. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used to indicate names and do not indicate any specific order.

[0168] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for seismic wavelet phase extraction, characterized in that, The method includes: The seismic Reich wavelet is acquired, and the phase of the seismic Reich wavelet is rotated using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence; One of the rotating wavelet sequences is selected as the target rotating wavelet, and the target rotating wavelet is convolved using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding initial seismic record sequence. The initial reflection coefficient sequence is input as an independent variable into a preset objective function to obtain the objective function. The initial reflection coefficient sequence is updated using a coordinate descent algorithm, and the updated seismic record sequence is calculated. The residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence is calculated. The updated reflection coefficient sequence is iteratively calculated based on the residual value until the residual value is less than a preset residual threshold. The residual value is then recorded. The objective function is... , It is the convolution kernel matrix. It is a noise vector. It is a reflection coefficient sequence vector; The above operation is performed sequentially on each rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence to obtain a set of residual values; the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is determined by finding the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value based on the set of residual values. The step of updating the initial reflection coefficient sequence using the coordinate descent algorithm includes: One of the objective function coordinates is selected sequentially as the initial coordinates; Using the x-coordinate of the initial coordinate system as a variable and the y-coordinate as a constant value, the partial derivative with respect to the variable is taken to obtain the first minimum value of the objective function at the variable. The horizontal coordinate is updated based on the first minimum value. The vertical coordinate is selected as the second variable. The updated horizontal coordinate is used as a constant value. The partial derivative with respect to the vertical coordinate is used to obtain the second minimum value of the objective function at the vertical coordinate. The ordinate is updated based on the second minimum value, and iterative calculations are performed based on the updated ordinate until the objective function converges, thereby obtaining the minimum value sequence corresponding to the objective function sequence. The reflection coefficient sequence is then updated using the minimum value sequence.

2. The seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing phase rotation on the seismic Ricker wavelet using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence includes: Perform a forward Fourier transform on the earthquake Ricker wavelet to obtain the expression of the earthquake Ricker wavelet in the frequency domain; The preset phase rotation angle sequence is sequentially added to the phase angle in the frequency domain expression to obtain the rotated frequency domain expression; Performing an inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain expression yields a rotating wavelet sequence.

3. The seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing convolution calculation on the target rotating wavelet using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding initial seismic record sequence includes: The corresponding seismic record sequence is obtained by convolution calculation of the preset initial reflection coefficient sequence and the target rotating wavelet using the following formula (1): Among them, the This is a sequence of earthquake records. Rotate the wavelet to the target. This is the initial reflection coefficient sequence. For preset additive noise, Represents folding; The above formula can also be expressed in matrix form. Formula (2) in, It is a seismic record vector. It is the convolution kernel matrix. It is a noise vector. It is a reflection coefficient sequence vector.

4. The seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence includes: The residual between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence is calculated using the following formula (3): Among them, the The residual value, For the updated earthquake record sequence, the first One earthquake record, The first earthquake in the initial earthquake record sequence One earthquake record, This represents the total number of earthquake records in the earthquake record sequence.

5. The seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle by finding the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value based on the residual value set includes: Extract the two smallest residual values ​​from the set of residual values; The range of the phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the phase rotation angles corresponding to the two smallest residual values. The seismic wavelet phase rotation angle is determined within the range of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle.

6. The seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Determining the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle within the range of the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle includes: The range of phase rotation angles of the seismic wavelet is divided using a rotation angle step size of one to obtain the first phase rotation angle sequence; The phase rotation angle of the seismic wavelet is obtained by iteratively calculating the seismic wavelet using the first phase rotation angle sequence.

7. A seismic wavelet phase extraction device for implementing the method of claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes: A phase rotation module is used to acquire seismic Reich wavelet and perform phase rotation on the seismic Reich wavelet using a preset phase rotation angle sequence to obtain a rotated wavelet sequence. The convolution calculation module is used to sequentially select one of the rotating wavelet sequences as the target rotating wavelet, and perform convolution calculation on the target rotating wavelet using a preset initial reflection coefficient sequence to obtain the corresponding initial seismic record sequence. The reflection coefficient sequence update module is used to input the initial reflection coefficient sequence as an independent variable into a preset objective function to obtain the objective function, update the initial reflection coefficient sequence using a coordinate descent algorithm, and calculate the updated seismic record sequence. The residual value calculation module is used to calculate the residual value between the updated seismic record sequence and the initial seismic record sequence, and to iteratively calculate the updated reflection coefficient sequence based on the residual value until the residual value is less than a preset residual threshold, and then record the residual value. The residual value set calculation module is used to perform the above operation on each rotating wavelet in the rotating wavelet sequence in sequence to obtain the residual value set. The seismic wavelet phase rotation angle determination module is used to find the phase rotation angle corresponding to the minimum residual value based on the residual value set, and then determine the seismic wavelet phase rotation angle.

8. An electronic device comprising: processor; Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the seismic wavelet phase extraction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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