Methods for determining radioactive waste stacking strategies, stacking methods and apparatus

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for determining a placement strategy for radioactive waste, comprising: randomly generating K first placement strategies based on different placement orders and directions of sub-waste packages within a waste package to be placed; obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value for each first placement strategy using spatial information of the disposal facility, as well as the placement order, direction, geometric features, and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package within the first placement strategies; and selecting a target placement strategy from the K first placement strategies based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each first placement strategy. Furthermore, a method for placing radioactive waste and a corresponding apparatus are also provided. Using this method for determining a placement strategy for radioactive waste, a target placement strategy that balances radiation protection and space utilization can be selected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radioactive waste disposal technology, specifically relating to a method for determining a stacking strategy for radioactive waste, a stacking method, and an apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Radioactive waste disposal methods include landfill disposal, near-surface disposal, intermediate-depth disposal, and deep geological disposal. When using these methods to dispose of radioactive waste, it is first necessary to organize the radioactive waste into radioactive waste packages, such as radioactive waste barrels or boxes, and then stack the radioactive waste packages in a pre-constructed disposal unit for further processing.

[0003] In existing technologies, the stacking of radioactive waste packages typically involves manually arranging packages of a single size. However, because radioactive waste packages come in various sizes and geometries, and the radioactive materials within them differ, different stacking arrangements result in varying disposal space utilization and external radiation exposure. Therefore, manual stacking is unsuitable for radioactive waste packages of different sizes, shapes, and radioactive materials, offering limited flexibility and leading to low space utilization in the disposal unit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art by providing a method, method and apparatus for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy. The radioactive waste stacking strategy determined by the method can effectively improve the space utilization rate of the disposal facility while ensuring radiation protection.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for determining a stacking strategy for radioactive waste, comprising:

[0006] Based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, K first stacking strategies are randomly generated, where K is a positive integer.

[0007] By using the spatial information of the disposal facility, as well as the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric features and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy, a comprehensive evaluation value for each of the first stacking strategies is obtained.

[0008] Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each of the first placement strategies, a target placement strategy is selected from the K first placement strategies.

[0009] Preferably, the step of randomly generating K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking orders and different stacking directions of the sub-waste packages in the waste package to be stacked includes:

[0010] Based on the geometric characteristics of the sub-waste packages, at least one stacking direction for each sub-waste package is determined;

[0011] Repeat the following steps until K of the first placement strategies are generated:

[0012] The sub-waste packages are randomly sorted to obtain the stacking order of each sub-waste package;

[0013] Based on at least one stacking direction of each sub-waste package, a preset stacking direction for each sub-waste package is determined, wherein the preset stacking direction is any one of the at least one stacking directions;

[0014] The first stacking strategy is generated based on the stacking order and preset stacking direction of each of the sub-waste packages.

[0015] Preferably, the first stacking strategy includes sequential encoding and directional encoding, and each stacking direction of the sub-waste packet corresponds to a preset parameter.

[0016] The step of randomly sorting each of the sub-waste packages to obtain the stacking order of each sub-waste package includes:

[0017] Generate a corresponding random number for each of the sub-waste packages within a preset numerical range;

[0018] The sequential code is generated based on the random number corresponding to each of the sub-waste packages, and the magnitude of the random number corresponding to each sub-waste package in the sequential code represents the stacking order of each sub-waste package;

[0019] The step of determining a preset stacking direction for each sub-waste package based on at least one stacking direction of each sub-waste package includes:

[0020] Determine the orientation parameter of each of the sub-waste packages, wherein the orientation parameter is a preset parameter corresponding to any one of the at least one stacking orientations of the sub-waste package;

[0021] The orientation code is generated based on the orientation parameters of each sub-waste package, wherein the orientation parameters corresponding to each sub-waste package in the orientation code represent the stacking orientation of each sub-waste package.

[0022] Preferably, the comprehensive evaluation value of each of the first stacking strategies is obtained by using the spatial information of the disposal facility, as well as the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric features, and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy, including:

[0023] For each first placement strategy, perform the following steps to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value for each first placement strategy:

[0024] The placement position of each sub-waste package is determined by using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the placement order, placement direction and geometric features of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy.

[0025] The radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by considering the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package.

[0026] The space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by considering the stacking position, stacking direction and geometric features of each of the sub-waste packages.

[0027] Using the radiation assessment value and the space utilization assessment value, a comprehensive assessment value for the first stacking strategy is obtained.

[0028] Preferably, the waste package to be stacked includes J sub-waste packages, where J is a positive integer, and the disposal facility includes at least one disposal unit.

[0029] The step of determining the placement position of each sub-waste package using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the placement order, direction, and geometric features of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy includes:

[0030] If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, then traverse all locations within the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed to determine the target placement location for the j-th sub-waste package.

[0031] Where j is an integer less than or equal to J, the j-th sub-waste bag is the sub-waste bag whose stacking order is j in the first stacking strategy, and the target stacking position is the placement point where the indicator factor satisfies the first preset condition. The indicator factor is used to characterize the space utilization degree when the sub-waste bag is placed at the target stacking position according to the corresponding stacking direction.

[0032] Update the remaining available space of the first processing unit;

[0033] If the updated remaining available space of the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, the points in the first disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed are traversed to determine the target placement position of the (j+1)th sub-waste package. The (j+1)th sub-waste package is the sub-waste package with the (j+1)th placement order in the first placement strategy.

[0034] Preferably, after updating the remaining available space of the first disposal unit according to the geometric features of the j-th sub-waste package, the method further includes:

[0035] If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility cannot accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, the locations in the second disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed are traversed to determine the target placement location for the (j+1)th sub-waste package.

[0036] The treatment facility includes the first treatment unit and the second treatment unit.

[0037] Preferably, when the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, traversing the locations in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed, and determining the target placement location for the j-th sub-waste package, includes:

[0038] If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, determine N initial locations in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed, where N is a positive integer;

[0039] Based on the remaining available space and volume of the first processing unit, determine the first available space rate of the first processing unit;

[0040] Based on the first vertical area of ​​the sub-waste package and the bottom area of ​​the first disposal unit, determine the percentage of the vertical area of ​​the j-th sub-waste package placed at the first initial point.

[0041] Wherein, the first initial point is any point among the N initial points, the first vertical area is the sum of the projected areas of all sub-waste bags perpendicular to the ground in the first region, the first region is the region where the first initial point is located, and the first region is at least a part of the region of the first disposal unit.

[0042] Based on the first available space rate and the vertical area ratio, determine the indicator factor for placing the j-th sub-waste package at the first initial point;

[0043] If the first initial point with the largest indicator factor value includes only one point, the point with the largest indicator factor value among the N initial points is determined as the target placement position of the j-th sub-waste package.

[0044] Preferably, after determining the indicator factor for placing the j-th sub-waste package at the first initial point based on the first available space ratio and the vertical area ratio, the method further includes:

[0045] If the initial point with the largest indicator factor value includes multiple points, the point among the multiple points that is closest to the preset point is determined as the target placement position of the j-th sub-waste package.

[0046] Preferably, obtaining the radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy based on the stacking position of each of the sub-waste packages and the radioactive material characteristics of each of the sub-waste packages includes:

[0047] Based on the distance between the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the target position, and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package, the radiation assessment value of each sub-waste package is determined respectively, and the target position is a preset position in the disposal unit where the stacking position of the sub-waste package is located;

[0048] The radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy is determined based on the radiation assessment value of each of the sub-waste packages.

[0049] Preferably, the treatment facility includes at least one treatment unit.

[0050] The process of obtaining the space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy based on the stacking position, stacking direction, and geometric features of each of the sub-waste packages includes:

[0051] Obtain the placement position of the first sub-waste package, where the first sub-waste package is the last sub-waste package in the placement order;

[0052] The second available space ratio is obtained based on the remaining available space of the third disposal unit and the volume of the third disposal unit, wherein the third disposal unit is the disposal unit where the first sub-waste package is placed;

[0053] Based on the second available space rate and the number of disposal units occupied, the space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy is obtained, wherein the number of disposal units occupied is the number of disposal units occupied after all the sub-waste packages are stacked according to the first stacking strategy.

[0054] Preferably, obtaining the comprehensive evaluation value of the first stacking strategy using the radiation assessment value and the space utilization assessment value includes:

[0055] The comprehensive evaluation value of the first placement strategy is calculated using the following formula:

[0056]

[0057] Where F is the comprehensive evaluation value, Here, f1 is the radiation assessment value, and A is the radiation dose adjustment factor. j r represents the nuclide activity in the j-th sub-waste package. j Let Γ be the distance between the placement position of the j-th sub-waste packet and the target position, and let Γ be the distance between the placement position of the sub-waste packet A. j The radiation rate constant corresponding to the nuclide, f1 is the space utilization assessment value, f2 is the space utilization rate adjustment factor, and E is the space utilization rate.可 M represents the remaining available space rate of the processing unit containing the last sub-waste package in the stacking order, where M is the number of disposal units occupied.

[0058] Preferably, the step of selecting the target cipher from the K first ciphers based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each of the first ciphers includes:

[0059] Let i = 0;

[0060] For the K first code placement strategies, perform strategy optimization processing to update the K first code placement strategies and obtain the updated K first code placement strategies;

[0061] Let i=i+1;

[0062] Returning to the step of randomly generating K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking orders and directions of the sub-waste packets in the waste packet to be stacked, and performing a strategy optimization step to update the K first stacking strategies to obtain updated K first stacking strategies, let i = i + 1.

[0063] Until i is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, or the first stacking strategy with the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the updated K first stacking strategies satisfies the second preset condition, the first stacking strategy with the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the updated K first stacking strategies is determined as the target stacking strategy for the waste packet to be stacked.

[0064] The second preset condition is that the strategy optimization step is executed continuously a preset number of times, and the first coding strategy with the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the K updated first coding strategies is the same coding strategy.

[0065] The strategy optimization steps include the following steps:

[0066] Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of the K first coding schemes, the top P first coding schemes with the largest comprehensive evaluation value are selected from the K first coding schemes to obtain P first coding schemes;

[0067] Two first coding schemes are randomly selected from the P first coding schemes. The partial sequential coding segments or partial directional coding segments corresponding to at least one sub-waste packet in the two first coding schemes are swapped to obtain Q second coding schemes.

[0068] Based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, X third stacking strategies are randomly generated, where P, Q, and X are positive integers, and P+Q+X=K;

[0069] The P first code-amplification strategies, Q second code-amplification strategies, and X third code-amplification strategies are updated to the K first code-amplification strategies.

[0070] Preferably, after updating P first code-amplification strategies, Q second code-amplification strategies, and X third code-amplification strategies to K first code-amplification strategies, the method may further include:

[0071] From the updated K first stacking strategies, two first stacking strategies are randomly selected, and the stacking positions of at least one sub-waste packet with the same geometric features or the same nuclide in the two first stacking strategies are swapped to obtain two fourth stacking strategies.

[0072] The two first code placement strategies are replaced with the two fourth code placement strategies mentioned above, resulting in K first code placement strategies after a second update.

[0073] Preferably, before randomly generating K first stacking strategies based on different stacking orders and directions of the sub-waste packages in the waste package to be stacked, the method further includes:

[0074] Upon receiving the second sub-waste packet sent at the first moment, the second sub-waste packet is stored in a temporary storage library, which is used to temporarily store sub-waste packets to be stacked.

[0075] Obtain the remaining available space in the temporary storage;

[0076] If the remaining available space in the temporary storage is sufficient to store the third sub-waste packet, the third sub-waste packet is stored in the temporary storage. The third sub-waste packet is a sub-waste packet sent to the temporary storage at a second time, which is later than the first time.

[0077] If the remaining available space in the temporary storage is insufficient to store the third sub-waste package, the sub-waste packages in the temporary storage are merged to obtain the waste package to be stacked.

[0078] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for stacking radioactive waste, comprising:

[0079] Obtain the target stacking strategy for the waste package to be stacked, wherein the target stacking strategy is the target stacking strategy obtained according to the method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste described in the first aspect.

[0080] According to the target stacking strategy, the waste packages to be stacked are placed in the disposal facility.

[0081] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an apparatus for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy, including a generation module, a first determining module, and a screening module.

[0082] The generation module is used to randomly generate K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, where K is a positive integer;

[0083] The first determining module is used to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of each of the first stacking strategies by using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric features and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy.

[0084] The filtering module, connected to the generation module and the first determining module respectively, is used to filter out the target cipher from the K first ciphers based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each first cipher.

[0085] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a radioactive waste stacking device, including an acquisition module and an execution mechanism.

[0086] The acquisition module is used to acquire the target stacking strategy of the waste package to be stacked, wherein the target stacking strategy is the target stacking strategy obtained according to the method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste described in the first aspect.

[0087] An execution mechanism, connected to the acquisition module, is used to place the waste packages to be placed in the disposal facility according to the target placement strategy.

[0088] The method for determining radioactive waste stacking strategies of the present invention first obtains multiple stacking strategies for waste packages to be stacked; then, based on the stacking order, direction, geometric features, and radioactive material characteristics of the sub-waste packages within each strategy, as well as the spatial information of the disposal facility, a comprehensive evaluation is performed on each stacking strategy. This considers both the space occupancy of the sub-waste packages within the stacking strategy and the characteristics of the radioactive waste, thereby selecting a target stacking strategy that balances radiation protection and space utilization based on the comprehensive evaluation value. This allows for the stacking of radioactive waste to improve the space utilization rate of the disposal facility while ensuring radiation protection. Attached Figure Description

[0089] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0090] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of a coding strategy provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of a stacking strategy optimization method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 4: A schematic diagram of another stacking strategy optimization method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 5 : A flowchart of another method for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 6 : A structural diagram of a device for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 7 : A structural diagram of a radioactive waste stacking device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0096] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0097] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0098] Radioactive waste refers to waste containing or contaminated with radionuclides, whose radionuclide concentration or activity exceeds the nationally stipulated cleanup and decontamination levels, and which is not expected to be used anymore.

[0099] Radioactive waste disposal involves stacking radioactive waste packages (prepared radioactive waste drums or containers, etc.) within a constructed disposal unit, and then sealing it with cement mortar after reaching a certain stacking height. Common types of near-surface radioactive waste packages in my country include 200L steel drums, 400L steel drums, FA-III type steel boxes, and FA-IV type steel boxes, which vary significantly in both shape and size. Due to the type, quantity, form, and activity of the radionuclides in the radioactive waste, there are hundreds of millions of possible stacking combinations, resulting in different disposal space utilization rates and external radiation doses. From a radiation safety perspective, the impact on personnel near the disposal unit should be minimized as much as possible. Furthermore, radioactive waste packages originate from different sources and are delivered to the disposal site at multiple times, with dynamic changes in both the delivery of waste packages and the delivery time.

[0100] Currently, the design of radioactive waste disposal and stacking schemes mainly relies on manual CAD to lay out waste packages of a single size. This method is not very adaptable to the proportion and size of different radioactive waste sources under different operating conditions, often resulting in a waste of disposal resources and a decline in economic benefits.

[0101] Example 1:

[0102] Based on the above research, in order to solve the problems of existing technologies, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste, including the following steps 101 to 104.

[0103] Step 101: Based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, randomly generate K first stacking strategies.

[0104] Where K is an integer greater than 1. The waste package to be stacked is a combination of multiple sub-waste packages. Sub-waste packages, also known as radioactive waste packages, are closed containers specifically designed for the safe storage and transport of radioactive waste. The shape of the radioactive waste package can vary depending on different needs and application scenarios. For example, for high-level radioactive waste, more stringent radiation shielding and protection are required, so rectangular or cylindrical waste packages made of thick metal or concrete materials may be used; for low-level radioactive waste, such as radiopharmaceutical waste for medical use, a simpler cylindrical or box-shaped design may be used. Specifically, there are multiple stacking strategies for sub-waste packages with different geometries. Different stacking orders or directions for each sub-waste package will lead to different stacking results. Therefore, multiple first stacking strategies can be randomly generated based on the different stacking orders and directions of each sub-waste package.

[0105] Step 102: By using the spatial information of the disposal facility, as well as the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric features, and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy, a comprehensive evaluation value for each first stacking strategy is obtained.

[0106] Disposal facilities are facilities specifically designed for the safe storage and treatment of radioactive waste. These facilities are designed and constructed to minimize the risks posed by radioactive waste to human health and the environment. Spatial information about disposal facilities may include details such as their location, size, and layout.

[0107] Specifically, based on the spatial information of the disposal facility, the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric characteristics, and radioactive material properties of each first stacking strategy, a comprehensive evaluation of the stacking strategy is conducted. This evaluation considers both the space occupancy of the sub-waste packages in the stacking strategy and the characteristics of the radioactive waste. The resulting comprehensive evaluation value of the first stacking strategy can more comprehensively evaluate each first stacking strategy.

[0108] Step 103: Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each first placement strategy, select the target placement strategy from the K first placement strategies.

[0109] Specifically, after determining the comprehensive evaluation value of each first placement strategy, the target placement strategy that meets the requirements can be selected from the K first placement strategies based on the comprehensive evaluation value. Optionally, the first placement strategy with a comprehensive evaluation value greater than a first preset value can be determined as the target placement strategy, or the first placement strategy with the largest comprehensive evaluation value can be determined as the target placement strategy.

[0110] In this embodiment, multiple stacking strategies can be acquired first. Then, based on the stacking order, direction, geometric features, and radioactive material characteristics of the waste packages within each strategy, as well as the spatial information of the disposal facility, a comprehensive evaluation is performed on each strategy. This considers both the space occupancy of the sub-waste packages within the stacking strategy and the characteristics of the radioactive waste. Therefore, a target stacking strategy that balances radiation protection and space utilization can be selected based on the comprehensive evaluation value. This allows for the stacking of radioactive waste to improve the space utilization rate of the disposal facility while ensuring radiation protection.

[0111] Optionally, step 101 above may include the following steps:

[0112] Based on the geometric characteristics of the sub-waste packages, determine at least one stacking direction for each sub-waste package;

[0113] Repeat the following steps until K first placement strategies are generated:

[0114] The sub-waste packages are randomly sorted to obtain the stacking order of each sub-waste package;

[0115] Based on at least one stacking direction of each sub-waste package, determine the corresponding stacking direction of each sub-waste package. The corresponding stacking direction of the sub-waste package is any one of the at least one stacking directions.

[0116] The first stacking strategy is generated based on the stacking order and preset stacking direction of each sub-waste package.

[0117] The stacking strategy can include stacking order and stacking direction. Stacking order determines the placement order of waste packages, i.e., which waste package is placed first and which is placed last. Stacking direction determines the placement orientation of the waste packages, i.e., the orientation of the waste packages in the container.

[0118] Here, sub-waste packages of different geometric shapes or containing different types of radioactive waste have different stacking orientations. Therefore, it is necessary to determine at least one stacking orientation for each sub-waste package. For example, if the sub-waste package is a radioactive waste container, the stacking orientation can be such that any one of the six sides of the radioactive waste container is on the ground. If the sub-waste package is a radioactive waste container, the stacking orientation can include upright and horizontal placement.

[0119] In some embodiments, the stacking direction of each sub-waste bag can also be determined based on the disposal equipment at the disposal site, that is, based on the disposal tools used to transport and stack the waste bags. For example, if the disposal equipment is a crane, the stacking direction can be determined by the crane grabbing the sub-waste bags and stacking them.

[0120] Specifically, firstly, the stacking order of each sub-waste bag within the waste bag to be stacked can be randomly generated; that is, the multiple sub-waste bags are randomly sorted to determine the stacking order of each sub-waste bag. Then, the stacking direction of each sub-waste bag is randomly determined, thereby generating a first stacking strategy that includes both the stacking order and direction of the sub-waste bags. Repeating this process K times generates K first stacking strategies. The number of first stacking strategies can be determined based on the actual situation.

[0121] In this embodiment, a stacking strategy can be randomly generated by randomly determining the stacking order and direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked. This allows for the rapid acquisition of stacking strategies for multiple waste bags to be stacked, providing a basis for determining the subsequent target stacking strategy.

[0122] After generating K first placement strategies, the data will be quite lengthy when recording the K first placement strategies, since each placement strategy may include the placement order and direction of multiple sub-waste packets.

[0123] Therefore, in order to simplify the placement strategy, the first placement strategy can be represented by encoding.

[0124] Optionally, the first stacking strategy includes sequential encoding and directional encoding, with each stacking direction of the sub-waste packet corresponding to a preset parameter.

[0125] The above-mentioned random sorting of each sub-waste package to obtain the stacking order of each sub-waste package may include the following steps:

[0126] Generate a corresponding random number for each sub-waste package within a preset numerical range;

[0127] A sequential code is generated based on the random number corresponding to each sub-waste package. The magnitude of the random number corresponding to each sub-waste package in the sequential code represents the stacking order of each sub-waste package.

[0128] The above-mentioned determination of the corresponding stacking direction of each sub-waste package based on at least one stacking direction of each sub-waste package includes:

[0129] Determine the orientation parameters for each sub-waste package. The orientation parameters are preset parameters corresponding to any one of the at least one stacking orientations of the sub-waste package.

[0130] Based on the orientation parameters of each sub-waste packet, an orientation code is generated. The orientation parameters corresponding to each sub-waste packet in the orientation code represent the corresponding stacking orientation of each sub-waste packet.

[0131] Specifically, determining the stacking order of each sub-waste packet can include: generating a random number for each sub-waste packet, with each sub-waste packet having a unique random number; determining the arrangement order of the sub-waste packets based on the magnitude of the random number, and if two random numbers have the same value, then sorting them according to the order in which they appeared (i.e., if two random numbers have the same value, the one with the earlier number appears first); then generating a sequence code for the first stacking strategy based on the random number corresponding to each sub-waste packet. The stacking order of the corresponding sub-waste packets can be determined based on the magnitude of the random number in the sequence code.

[0132] Specifically, randomly determining the placement direction of each sub-waste bag can include: determining the possible placement directions of each sub-waste bag and setting a preset parameter for each placement direction (e.g., a preset parameter of 1 for upright placement and a preset parameter of 2 for horizontal placement); randomly determining the corresponding placement direction of each sub-waste bag; and defining the preset parameter of the corresponding placement direction as the direction parameter of that sub-waste bag. Based on the direction parameter of each sub-waste bag, a direction code for the first placement strategy is generated. The placement direction of the corresponding sub-waste bag can then be determined based on the direction parameter in the direction code.

[0133] In this embodiment, each first stacking strategy can be represented by encoding. A random number is generated for each sub-waste packet, and the stacking order of the sub-waste packets can be determined based on the magnitude of the random number. Then, a sequential encoding of the stacking strategy is generated based on the random number. The corresponding stacking direction of each sub-waste packet is randomly determined, and a directional encoding of the stacking strategy is generated based on the direction parameters corresponding to the stacking direction. Thus, a first stacking strategy represented by sequential and directional encoding can be obtained, simplifying the complex stacking strategy into a string of numbers or characters, reducing the complexity and redundancy of representing and recording the stacking strategy, saving resources, and improving efficiency.

[0134] In one example, such as Figure 2As shown, a first stacking strategy can be randomly generated through the following steps, and each first stacking strategy can be represented by encoding. The stacking order and direction of radioactive waste packages (i.e., sub-waste packages) are specified through two segments of encoding. The specific steps are as follows:

[0135] Assuming there are J radioactive waste packages to be disposed of in the same batch (i.e., waste packages to be stacked, including J sub-waste packages), the coding length is twice the number of waste packages in the same batch, i.e., 2J. The first coding segment, from 1 to J, is used to determine the stacking order of the radioactive waste packages, and the second coding segment, from J+1 to 2J, is used to determine the stacking direction of the radioactive waste packages. The first coding segment uses a random method to encode the radioactive waste packages, and the coding range is any real number from 1 to J, which can include decimals. Preferably, smaller values ​​are stacked first (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The second segment of the code is an integer between 1 and 6, the specific value depending on the shape of the waste package and the disposal equipment at the disposal site. Taking a common radioactive waste container at a disposal site as an example, the value of the second segment of the code is 1-2 (equivalent to a preset parameter), where 1 indicates upright placement and 2 indicates horizontal placement. Radioactive waste containers can optionally use 1-6 to represent the six sides of the container touching the ground sequentially. Typically, for standard radioactive waste containers, only codes 1-2 are used, where 1 indicates horizontal placement and 2 indicates rotating the container 180° horizontally. The orientation parameters of each radioactive waste container are randomly determined to obtain the orientation code (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The direction encoding section shown above). The two-segment encoding generated according to the above method constitutes a first code placement strategy (such as...). Figure 2 The Kth or (K-1)th scheme shown. Repeating the above steps of randomly generating the first staging strategy can generate multiple sets of first staging strategies, called Dn-th optimization schemes (n represents the nth execution of the random first staging strategy generation step, the first execution is D1), which can generate packets K (K1, K2, ... K). k-1 K k ( ) code placement strategy.

[0136] Optionally, step S102 above may specifically include the following steps:

[0137] For each first placement strategy, perform the following steps to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of each first placement strategy:

[0138] The placement position of each sub-waste package is determined by using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the placement order, direction and geometric features of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy.

[0139] The radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by considering the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package.

[0140] The space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by considering the stacking position, stacking direction and geometric characteristics of each sub-waste package;

[0141] The comprehensive evaluation value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by using the radiation assessment value and the space utilization assessment value.

[0142] The radiation assessment value characterizes the impact of radiation generated after stacking the sub-waste packages within the waste package according to the first stacking strategy. The space utilization assessment value characterizes the space utilization of the disposal facility after stacking the sub-waste packages within the waste package according to the first stacking strategy.

[0143] Specifically, firstly, based on the spatial information of the disposal facility and the stacking order and direction of each sub-waste package, the specific stacking position of each sub-waste package within the disposal facility can be determined. Then, based on the spatial information of the disposal facility, the stacking position of each sub-waste package, and the radioactive characteristics of the radioactive material loaded in the sub-waste packages, the radiation generated after stacking each sub-waste package according to the first stacking strategy can be assessed, thus obtaining the radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy. Next, based on the spatial information of the disposal facility and the stacking position, direction, and geometric characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy, the space utilization of the disposal space after stacking each sub-waste package according to the first stacking strategy can be assessed, obtaining the space utilization assessment value of the first stacking strategy. Finally, the comprehensive assessment value of the first stacking strategy can be determined based on the radiation assessment value and the space utilization assessment value.

[0144] In this embodiment, the specific placement position of each sub-waste package can be determined first when the first placement strategy is followed. Based on the placement position of each sub-waste package, its geometric characteristics, the legal characteristics of the radioactive material it contains, and the placement space (i.e., the spatial information of the disposal facility), the radiation situation and space utilization of the first placement strategy are evaluated respectively, thereby obtaining a comprehensive evaluation value of the first placement strategy. This allows for a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the generated first placement strategy.

[0145] In some embodiments, the placement position of each sub-waste bag in the first placement strategy is determined by actually placing the sub-waste bags in the waste bag to be placed, based on the placement order and direction in the first placement strategy. However, when it is necessary to determine the specific placement position of each sub-waste bag in multiple first placement strategies, it would cause a lot of unnecessary consumption if the placement position is determined after actually placing each placement strategy. Therefore, when determining the placement position of each sub-waste bag in each first placement strategy, the specific placement situation of the first placement strategy can be simulated in advance to determine the placement position of each sub-waste bag in each first placement strategy.

[0146] Therefore, optionally, if the waste package to be stacked includes J sub-waste packages, where J is a positive integer, and the disposal facility includes at least one disposal unit, then determining the stacking position of each sub-waste package using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the stacking order, stacking direction, and geometric features of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy can include the following steps:

[0147] If the remaining available space in the first treatment unit of the treatment facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, then traverse all locations within the first treatment unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed to determine the target placement location for the j-th sub-waste package.

[0148] Where j is an integer less than or equal to J, the j-th sub-waste bag is the sub-waste bag with the j-th placement order in the first placement strategy, and the target placement position is the placement point where the indicator factor meets the first preset condition. The indicator factor is used to characterize the space utilization degree when the sub-waste bag is placed at the target placement position according to the corresponding placement direction.

[0149] Update the remaining available space in the first processing unit;

[0150] If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility after the update can accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, traverse the points in the first disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed, determine the target placement position of the (j+1)th sub-waste package, and the (j+1)th sub-waste package is the sub-waste package with the (j+1)th placement order in the first placement strategy.

[0151] Here, radioactive waste disposal facilities are typically specially designed and constructed for the safe handling, storage, and disposal of radioactive waste. A disposal facility includes at least one disposal unit, which is the basic unit within the radioactive waste disposal facility. This unit consists of a multi-barrier system to ensure the safety of radioactive waste during long-term storage, and is used to securely seal and isolate the waste. Therefore, when stacking radioactive waste packages, the waste packages are placed sequentially into the disposal units.

[0152] An indicator factor is used to characterize the space utilization rate when sub-waste bags are placed at a specific stacking location according to a corresponding stacking direction. The indicator factor allows for the determination of a target stacking location when multiple stacking locations exist for the sub-waste bag within the disposal unit. Therefore, a first preset condition can be set according to actual conditions, identifying the location where the indicator factor among the multiple possible stacking locations for the sub-waste bag satisfies the first preset condition as the target stacking location for the sub-waste bag. The first preset condition can be determined based on actual conditions. For example, if a higher indicator factor value indicates the highest space utilization rate when placing the sub-waste bag at that location, then the first preset condition could be that the indicator factor value is the maximum value, and the location with the highest indicator factor value is identified as the target stacking location for the sub-waste bag. Alternatively, the first preset condition can be set to an indicator factor value greater than a second preset value, that is, identifying the location where the indicator factor value is greater than a specific value as the target placement location for the sub-waste bag.

[0153] Specifically, after determining the stacking order and direction of the sub-waste packages according to the first stacking strategy, the sub-waste packages can be stacked in the disposal unit in the order and direction respectively. However, even with the same stacking order and direction, the same sub-waste package can be placed in different positions in the disposal unit. Therefore, when determining the stacking position of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy, it is necessary to determine the target stacking position (i.e., the optimal stacking position) of each sub-waste package through an indicator factor, which specifically includes the following steps S01 to S03.

[0154] S01, when it is determined that the remaining available space of the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the next sub-waste bag (i.e. the j-th sub-waste bag), all points in the first disposal unit that can place the j-th sub-waste bag are traversed, and the points that satisfy the first preset condition are determined as the target placement location of the j-th sub-waste bag.

[0155] S02, calculate the remaining available space of the first disposal unit after stacking the j-th sub-waste package based on the geometric characteristics of the j-th sub-waste package, and update the remaining available space of the first disposal unit in order to determine the stacking position of the next sub-waste package (j+1-th sub-waste package).

[0156] S03, when the remaining available space after the first disposal unit is updated can accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, traverse all points in the first disposal unit that can place the (j+1)th sub-waste package, and determine the points whose indicator factors meet the first preset conditions as the target placement positions of the (j+1)th sub-waste package.

[0157] In this embodiment, when stacking each sub-waste bag according to the stacking order based on the first stacking strategy, the location where each sub-waste bag can be stacked in the disposal unit is first determined, and then the target stacking location of the sub-waste bag is determined from it. This allows for accurate determination of the specific stacking position of each sub-waste bag in the first stacking strategy, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent evaluation of the first stacking strategy.

[0158] In some embodiments, when the first disposal unit cannot accommodate the next sub-waste package, the next sub-waste package needs to be placed in another disposal unit. Therefore, optionally, after the above step of updating the remaining available space of the first disposal unit, the following steps may also be included:

[0159] If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility cannot accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, traverse the points in the second disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed to determine the target placement location of the (j+1)th sub-waste package.

[0160] The disposal facilities include a first disposal unit and a second disposal unit.

[0161] Specifically, the disposal facility includes a first disposal unit and a second disposal unit. When the remaining available space in the first disposal unit cannot accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, it indicates that the first disposal unit is full. Therefore, it is necessary to open another disposal unit, namely the second disposal unit. Similarly, the points in the second disposal unit that can hold the (j+1)th sub-waste package are traversed, and the points that satisfy the first preset condition are determined as the (j+1)th sub-waste package.

[0162] In this embodiment, when it is determined that the current disposal unit can no longer hold another sub-waste bag, the remaining sub-waste bags are placed in the second disposal unit, thereby making full use of the space in each disposal unit.

[0163] Optionally, the step of determining the target placement location of the j-th sub-waste package by traversing the locations in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed, when the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, may specifically include the following steps:

[0164] Given that the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, determine N initial locations in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed, where N is a positive integer;

[0165] Based on the remaining available space and volume of the first processing unit, determine the first available space ratio of the first processing unit;

[0166] Based on the first vertical area of ​​the sub-waste bag and the bottom area of ​​the first disposal unit, determine the vertical area ratio of the j-th sub-waste bag placed at the first initial point, wherein the first initial point is any point among the N initial points, the first vertical area is the sum of the projected areas of all sub-waste bags perpendicular to the ground in the first region, the first region is the region where the first initial point is located, and the first region is at least a part of the region of the first disposal unit.

[0167] Based on the first available space rate and the vertical area ratio, determine the indicator factor for placing the j-th sub-waste package at the first initial point;

[0168] If the first initial point with the largest indicator factor value includes only one point, the point with the largest indicator factor value among the N initial points is determined as the target placement position of the j-th sub-waste package.

[0169] As can be seen from the above steps, in this embodiment, the first preset condition is that the first initial point with the largest indicator factor value includes only one point.

[0170] Here, the method for determining the N initial locations in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed is as follows: try to place the j-th sub-waste package one by one in different positions in the remaining available space of the first disposal unit according to the corresponding stacking direction (different positions can be each corner position of the remaining available space or any position), thereby determining the stackable locations (i.e., N initial locations) of the j-th sub-waste package.

[0171] The aforementioned first available space rate is the percentage of the remaining available space in the area (i.e., the first area) of the disposal unit when the currently stacked sub-waste package (i.e., the j-th sub-waste package) is placed in a certain placeable position (i.e., the first initial point).

[0172] The aforementioned first vertical area is the sum of the projected areas of all already stacked sub-waste bags perpendicular to the ground in the first region when the currently stacked sub-waste bag (i.e., the j-th sub-waste bag) is placed in a certain placement position (i.e., the first initial point). Furthermore, the ratio of the first disposal area to the bottom area of ​​the first disposal unit is calculated to obtain the percentage of the vertical area of ​​the j-th sub-waste bag placed at the first initial point.

[0173] The aforementioned first area refers to at least a portion of the area within the first disposal unit. In practice, the disposal unit can be a separate space. During the process of stacking sub-waste packages into the disposal unit, typically, the sub-waste packages are first stacked in a single layer on the ground. Once the ground is full, the next sub-waste package is stacked on top of the first layer as a second layer. Therefore, when the first layer of the disposal unit is not yet full, the first area represents the entire space of the disposal unit. When the first layer is full, the first area represents the location of the currently stacked sub-waste package (for example, if the currently stacked sub-waste package is on the second layer, then the first area represents the area of ​​the second layer). When determining the possible placement location of the currently stacked sub-waste package, different placement points on each layer are traversed.

[0174] Specifically, after determining the N possible placement points (i.e. initial points) of the sub-waste package, the first available space ratio and vertical area ratio of the sub-waste package at each initial point are calculated, and the indicator factor of the sub-waste package at each initial point is determined by using the first available space ratio and vertical area ratio.

[0175] In this embodiment, by determining the indicator factor of the stackable location of each sub-waste bag in the disposal unit, the high space utilization location of the sub-waste bag can be determined from multiple stackable locations using the indicator factor. This allows for the accurate and rapid determination of the specific stacking position of each sub-waste bag in each first stacking strategy, thereby improving the accuracy of the comprehensive evaluation of the first stacking strategy.

[0176] In some embodiments, there may be multiple stackable locations for sub-waste packages that meet the first preset condition. Therefore, optionally, after determining the indicator factor for placing the j-th sub-waste package at the first initial location based on the first available space ratio and the vertical area ratio, the following steps may also be included:

[0177] When the initial point with the largest indicator factor value includes multiple points, the point that is closest to the preset point among the multiple points is determined as the target placement position of the j-th sub-waste package.

[0178] Among them, the preset location refers to the preferred placement position of the sub-waste bag in the disposal unit. For example, the waste bag is preferably placed at the lower left corner of the disposal unit (i.e., the lower left corner of the disposal unit facing away from the observer).

[0179] In this embodiment, when stacking sub-waste bags, if there are multiple initial locations where the indicator factors meet the first preset condition, the disposal location closest to the preset location is determined as the target location of the sub-waste bag. This allows the stacking position of the sub-waste bags to be as compact as possible, further improving space utilization. Based on the stacking position of the sub-waste bags determined by the method of this embodiment, a comprehensive evaluation of the first stacking strategy can be performed, improving the accuracy of the evaluation.

[0180] In one example, the above indicator factor can be calculated using the following formulas (1) to (3):

[0181] E1 = V 可 / V 处置单元 ×100% (1)

[0182] Where E1 represents the utilization rate of the remaining available space in the current processing unit; V 可 V represents the remaining available space in the current processing unit. 处置单元 This represents the volume of the current disposal unit; the current disposal unit is the unit containing the most recently placed sub-waste package.

[0183] S 垂 =Total bottom area of ​​sub-waste bags stacked in the same area / Bottom area of ​​disposal unit (2)

[0184] P = E 可 +S 垂 (3)

[0185] Where P is the indicator factor.

[0186] In this embodiment, the indicator factors of all stackable points (i.e., the N initial points) of the sub-waste packages in the disposal unit can be calculated using the above formulas (1) to (3). When multiple layers (or multiple areas) of sub-waste packages are stacked in the disposal unit, the N initial points include stackable points in each layer (or each area). The sub-waste packages are stacked to the initial point with the maximum indicator factor. This ensures that the stacking strategy fills one layer (one area) before stacking upwards, facilitating operations such as cement mortar pouring by the disposal site. The available space is updated simultaneously after the j-th sub-waste package is stacked. If the disposal unit cannot hold the (j+1)-th sub-waste package after the j-th waste package is stacked, a new disposal unit is opened, and stacking continues. The next sub-waste package is stacked until all sub-waste packages are stacked.

[0187] In some embodiments, the radiation assessment value can be obtained by measuring the radiation level after the waste packages are stacked using a radiation measuring instrument. The instrument measures the radiation energy emitted by the radioactive waste packages and converts it into readable units such as sieverts or grays. By measuring the radiation level of the waste packages, their radiation risks to the environment and human health can be assessed, and appropriate safety measures can be taken for handling and disposal. However, when assessing the radiation level of multiple generated first stacking strategies, measuring the radiation value after actually stacking each strategy would result in significant unnecessary consumption. Therefore, when assessing each first stacking strategy, the specific stacking conditions of the first stacking strategy can be simulated in advance. After determining the specific stacking positions of each sub-waste package, the radiation assessment value for each first stacking strategy can be calculated based on the spatial information of the disposal facility and the geometric and radioactive characteristics of the sub-waste packages.

[0188] Therefore, optionally, the steps described above for obtaining the radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy based on the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package may specifically include the following steps:

[0189] Based on the distance between the stacking location of each sub-waste package and the critical location, and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package, the radiation assessment value of each sub-waste package is determined. The critical location is the pre-set critical location in the disposal unit where the sub-waste package is stacked.

[0190] The radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy is determined based on the radiation assessment value of each sub-waste package.

[0191] The key locations are pre-defined key locations within each disposal unit. These locations are used to determine the radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy after all sub-waste packages have been stacked according to the corresponding stacking order and direction in the first stacking strategy. Optionally, the key location can be the top of the disposal unit. The stacking strategy is evaluated in terms of radiation by determining the radiation generated by each sub-waste package at the key location.

[0192] The characteristics of radioactive materials can include the nuclide activity and the radiation rate constant corresponding to the nuclide in the radioactive waste package.

[0193] In this embodiment, the radiation assessment value can be determined based on the fixed key position of the processing unit for each first placement strategy, thereby making the determination of the radiation assessment value of each first placement strategy more accurate.

[0194] The space utilization assessment value can be calculated based on the space occupied by each sub-waste package in the disposal facility and the volume of the disposal facility, or it can be calculated based on the original volume of the disposal facility and the remaining available space of the disposal facility after stacking according to the first stacking strategy.

[0195] Optionally, the disposal facility includes at least one disposal unit. The space utilization assessment value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by considering the stacking position, stacking direction, and geometric characteristics of each sub-waste package. Specifically, this may include the following steps:

[0196] The space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by considering the stacking position, stacking direction, and geometric characteristics of each sub-waste package, including:

[0197] Get the placement position of the first sub-waste bag, which is the last sub-waste bag in the placement order;

[0198] The second available space ratio is obtained based on the remaining available space of the third disposal unit and the volume of the third disposal unit, wherein the third disposal unit is the disposal unit where the first sub-waste package is placed.

[0199] Based on the second available space rate and the number of disposal units occupied, the space utilization assessment value of the first stacking strategy is obtained, wherein the number of disposal units occupied is the number of disposal units occupied after all sub-waste packages are stacked according to the first stacking strategy.

[0200] Specifically, firstly, based on the placement position of the last sub-waste package in the first placement strategy, the disposal unit where that placement position is located is determined, i.e., the disposal unit where the last placed sub-waste package is placed (i.e., the aforementioned third disposal unit); then, the remaining available space and volume of the third disposal unit are estimated to calculate the second available space ratio; the number of disposal units occupied by the first placement strategy is determined; finally, based on the second available space ratio and the number of disposal units occupied, the space utilization evaluation value of the first placement strategy is calculated.

[0201] In this embodiment, the space utilization aspect of the first stacking strategy can be accurately evaluated based on the space utilization of the last stacked disposal unit and the space occupancy of all sub-waste packages in the stacking strategy.

[0202] Optionally, the comprehensive evaluation value of the first stacking strategy obtained by using the radiation assessment value and the space utilization assessment value may specifically include the following steps:

[0203] The overall evaluation value of the first placement strategy is calculated using the following formula (4):

[0204]

[0205] Where F is the comprehensive evaluation value, Here, f1 is the radiation assessment value, f1 is the radiation dose adjustment factor, Aj is the nuclide activity in the j-th sub-waste package, rj is the distance between the stacking position of the j-th sub-waste package and the critical position, and Γ is the sub-waste package A j The radiation rate constant corresponding to the nuclide, (E 可 -M) is the space utilization assessment value, f2 is the space utilization rate adjustment factor, and E 可 M represents the remaining available space rate of the processing unit containing the last sub-waste package in the stacking order, where M is the number of disposal units occupied.

[0206] Among them, f1 and f2 can be controlled automatically and can be adjusted according to the actual situation in practical applications.

[0207] Here, nuclide activity refers to the rate at which a unit mass of nuclide undergoes a nuclear reaction per unit time. The activity of a single nuclide can be calculated based on its decay constant and mass. The radiation rate constant of a nuclide can be determined from existing data sources, such as Nuclear Data Sheets and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); alternatively, it can be determined through experimental measurements or theoretical calculations using existing techniques, which will not be detailed in this application.

[0208] Optionally, by controlling the sizes of f1 and f2, we can make it as large as possible. With f2×(E 可 The value of -M) is around 0.5. The proportion of radiation protection optimization, f2×(E 可 -M) represents the proportion of space utilization. For the objective of optimizing radiation protection only, f1 is 1 and f2 is 0. For the objective of optimizing space utilization only, f1 is 0 and f2 is 1. The values ​​of f1 and f2 remain unchanged in the optimization scheme of the same batch of waste packages (equivalent to a waste package to be stacked), which facilitates the standardization of optimization.

[0209] In this embodiment, the weight of radiation assessment and space utilization assessment can be adjusted by adjusting the radiation assessment value and space utilization assessment value adjustment factors. This allows for adjusting the emphasis of these two aspects according to actual needs, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of the first placement strategy and selection of a more suitable target placement strategy.

[0210] In some embodiments, if the number of randomly generated K first placement strategies is insufficient, the selected target placement strategy may not meet the requirements. Therefore, in order to select a better target placement strategy, it is necessary to increase the number of screening samples.

[0211] Optionally, step 103 above, which selects the target cipher from the K first ciphers based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each first cipher, may specifically include the following steps:

[0212] Let i = 0;

[0213] Based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, K first stacking strategies are randomly generated.

[0214] For the K first-order placement strategies, perform strategy optimization processing to update the K first-order placement strategies and obtain the updated K first-order placement strategies;

[0215] Let i=i+1;

[0216] Return to the execution step and randomly generate K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking orders and directions of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked. For the K first stacking strategies, perform the strategy optimization step to update the K first stacking strategies and obtain the updated K first stacking strategies. Let i = i + 1, until i is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, or the first stacking strategy with the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the updated K first stacking strategies satisfies the second preset condition. The first stacking strategy with the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the updated K first stacking strategies is determined as the target stacking strategy for the waste bag to be stacked.

[0217] The second preset condition is that the strategy optimization step is executed continuously for a preset number of times, and the first coding strategy with the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the K updated first coding strategies is the same coding strategy.

[0218] The strategy optimization step includes the following steps:

[0219] Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of the K first-stage coding strategies, the top P first-stage coding strategies with the largest comprehensive evaluation value are selected from the K first-stage coding strategies to obtain P first-stage coding schemes;

[0220] From P first-level coding schemes, two first-level coding strategies are randomly selected. At least one sub-waste packet in the two first-level coding strategies is swapped with a portion of the sequential coding segment or a portion of the directional coding segment to obtain Q second-level coding strategies.

[0221] Based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, X third stacking strategies are randomly generated, where P, Q, and X are positive integers, and P+Q+X=K;

[0222] Update the P first-level cipher strategies, Q second-level cipher strategies, and X third-level cipher strategies to K first-level cipher strategies.

[0223] Specifically, after obtaining K first-level coding strategies, P first-level coding strategies can be selected (i.e., the top P strategies with the highest overall evaluation value, or the top p% of the strategies with the highest overall evaluation value). Then, from the selected P first-level coding strategies, two strategies are randomly selected each time, and the encoded segments at the same position in these two strategies are swapped to obtain two new coding strategies (i.e., two second-level coding strategies). This process of selecting two first-level coding strategies and swapping segments continues until Q second-level coding strategies are obtained. Then, X new first-level coding strategies are randomly generated. Finally, the P first-level coding strategies, Q second-level coding strategies, and X third-level coding strategies are updated to K first-level coding strategies. In this way, one strategy optimization is completed for the K first-level coding strategies. The above strategy optimization steps are repeated until the number of optimizations exceeds a preset threshold, or the largest overall evaluation value among the updated K first-level coding strategies remains unchanged in the consecutive strategy optimization steps of a preset number.

[0224] In this embodiment, after determining the K first placement strategies, the K first placement strategies can be optimized and updated. Thus, a better target placement strategy can be selected through comprehensive evaluation values.

[0225] In one example, the policy optimization process for K first placement policies may include the following steps:

[0226] S11, sort the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of the K first placement strategies, preferably from largest to smallest (optional sorting from smallest to largest, with subsequent selections starting from the reverse direction). Here, the sorting is expressed as comprehensive evaluation values ​​from largest to smallest, with the strategies ranked first being the relatively better radioactive waste placement strategies in the same batch of schemes.

[0227] S12 selects the top P1% solutions (equivalent to P first solutions) based on their evaluation values ​​and directly proceeds to the next optimization round.

[0228] S13, randomly select two schemes from the P1% of the total number of schemes with the highest evaluation values, and swap parts of two segments of the code (or multiple segments of the code). Figure 3 As shown, two new scrambling strategies (i.e., second scrambling strategies) are obtained. The above exchange steps are repeated until P2% scrambling strategies (equivalent to Q second scrambling strategies) that make up the total number of schemes K are obtained.

[0229] S14, randomly generate P3% new cipher schemes of the total number of schemes K (equivalent to X third cipher strategies). Where P1% + P2% + P3% = 1. If K × P1%, K × P2%, K × P3% are not integers, then round them down, and ensure that K × P1% + K × P2% + K × P3% = K (equivalent to P + Q + X = K).

[0230] S15, repeat steps S11 to S14 above. If the maximum comprehensive evaluation value F among the K updated placement strategies obtained in step S14 is greater than T optimizations without updates, and if the maximum average value F has been optimized for T+1 times without updates, then stop the optimization; or if the number of optimizations i is greater than the maximum specified number of optimizations Tmax, then stop the optimization and output the K optimized first placement strategies.

[0231] Optionally, in the strategy optimization step, after updating P first code placement strategies, Q second code placement strategies, and X third code placement strategies to K first code placement strategies, the following steps may also be included:

[0232] From the updated K first placement strategies, two first placement strategies are randomly selected, and the placement positions of at least one sub-waste packet with the same geometric features or the same nuclide in the two first placement strategies are swapped to obtain two fourth placement strategies.

[0233] By replacing the two first-order ciphers mentioned above with the two fourth-order ciphers mentioned above, we obtain the K first-order ciphers after the second update.

[0234] In one example, a type of radioactive waste package typically has uniform dimensions conforming to national regulations. The optimization method involves swapping the placement positions of radioactive waste packages of the same size. Further swapping conditions can involve using the same nuclide, spatially swapping a high-activity waste package with a low-activity waste package of the same size, ensuring the placement direction after the swap is consistent with the original orientation of the swapped waste package (Figure 4(a) shows before the swap, Figure 4(b) shows after the swap). This allows for placement in the new location. Swapping conditions can also involve using different nuclides, requiring consideration of the radiation rate constant (Γ) corresponding to the nuclide in waste package Aj and the radioactive activity of the waste package. This ensures that the utilization rate of disposal space remains unchanged while accelerating the optimization to reduce the radioactive radiation dose. The preferred D = 50 times, i.e., the number of times two first placement strategies are randomly selected for position swapping, ensures the optimization direction while improving the optimization speed.

[0235] Typically, radioactive waste packages are transported to disposal facilities from different sources. Therefore, radioactive waste packages are transported to disposal facilities at different times. When radioactive waste packages are transported to disposal facilities, they are first stored in a temporary storage facility. After the temporary storage facility is full, the waste packages in the temporary storage facility are then stacked.

[0236] Optionally, before step 101 above, the following steps may also be included:

[0237] Upon receiving the second sub-waste packet sent in the first moment, the second sub-waste packet is stored in the temporary storage, which is used to temporarily store the sub-waste packets to be stacked.

[0238] Get the remaining available space in the temporary storage;

[0239] If the remaining available space in the temporary storage is sufficient to store the third sub-waste packet, the third sub-waste packet is stored in the temporary storage. The third sub-waste packet is the sub-waste packet sent to the temporary storage at the second time, which is later than the first time.

[0240] If the remaining available space in the temporary storage is insufficient to store the third sub-waste package, the sub-waste packages in the temporary storage are merged to obtain the waste package to be stacked.

[0241] Specifically, the sub-waste packets received at the first moment are stored in a temporary storage. When a sub-waste packet is received at the second moment, the remaining available space in the temporary storage is determined. If the remaining available space can accommodate the waste packet from the second moment, the sub-waste packet is placed into the temporary storage. When the temporary storage cannot accommodate the next sub-waste packet, the sub-waste packets in the temporary storage are merged to obtain the aforementioned waste packet to be stacked. That is, the received sub-waste packets are stored in the temporary storage in chronological order. After the temporary storage is full, the sub-waste packets in the temporary storage are merged into the waste packet to be stacked.

[0242] In this embodiment, multiple adjacent waste packages can be merged into the same batch according to time sequence and temporary storage capacity, resulting in merged waste packages, which are then designated as waste packages to be stacked. A target stacking strategy for these waste packages is then determined. This allows for the merging of multiple sub-waste packages to determine a stacking strategy, enabling simultaneous stacking strategy arrangements for multiple sub-waste packages, thereby identifying a stacking strategy that is more conducive to space utilization and radiation protection.

[0243] To facilitate understanding of the radioactive waste placement strategy determination method provided in this embodiment, a practical application description of the above placement strategy determination method is provided here, such as... Figure 5 As shown, please refer to the following example for details:

[0244] S51, merge the sub-waste packets to obtain the waste packets to be stacked.

[0245] Radioactive waste destined for disposal facilities is sorted chronologically, with earlier shipments listed first. The shipments are then compared to the existing radioactive waste storage capacity to determine whether to merge waste packages. If the total amount of radioactive waste sent in one shipment exceeds the storage capacity, no batch merging is performed. If the total amount of radioactive waste sent in one shipment is less than or equal to the storage capacity, adjacent waste packages are merged (i.e., adjacent sub-waste packages are combined) into one batch (equivalent to the aforementioned waste packages awaiting stacking). The merged batches of waste packages are then stacked and optimized.

[0246] S52, generate K first stacking strategies based on the stacking order and direction of each sub-waste packet in the waste packet to be stacked, and represent them in the form of encoding.

[0247] The stacking strategy is represented by a two-segment encoding. The length of each segment is 2N (N is the length of the waste package to be stacked). The first segment (1 to N bits) is used to encode the stacking order of each waste package in the merged waste package. It is randomly encoded based on any real number within a specific range, with smaller values ​​stacked first. The second segment (N+1 to 2N bits) is used to encode the stacking direction of each waste package in the merged waste package. Different values ​​are set to correspond to different directions based on the geometric characteristics of the waste package or the disposal equipment.

[0248] S53, according to each first stacking strategy, simulate stacking the waste packets to be stacked.

[0249] The method for simulating the placement is the same as described above, so it will not be repeated here.

[0250] S54 calculates the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0251] Based on the placement position of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy, the comprehensive evaluation value of each first placement strategy is calculated using the above formula (4).

[0252] S55, select P first placement strategies based on the comprehensive evaluation value.

[0253] S56, encoding cross-generation generates Q second code-agent strategies.

[0254] S57, randomly generate X third-order stacking strategies.

[0255] S58 updates P first-level cipher strategies, Q second-level cipher strategies, and X third-level cipher strategies to K first-level cipher strategies.

[0256] S59, waste package exchange.

[0257] From the updated K first placement strategies, two first placement strategies are randomly selected, and the placement positions of at least one sub-waste packet with the same geometric features or the same nuclide in the two first placement strategies are swapped to obtain two fourth placement strategies.

[0258] By replacing the two first-order ciphers mentioned above with the two fourth-order ciphers mentioned above, we obtain the K first-order ciphers after the second update.

[0259] S510: Determine if the termination condition is met. If it is met, execute S511. If not, return to execute S51 to S59.

[0260] Termination condition: The number of times S58 is updated reaches the preset number, or the preset number of consecutive updates are performed, and the highest comprehensive evaluation value remains unchanged.

[0261] S510 outputs the target encoding scheme from (P+Q+X) encoding schemes.

[0262] Example 2:

[0263] This embodiment provides a method for stacking radioactive waste packages, including:

[0264] Step 201: Obtain the target stacking strategy for the waste package to be stacked. The target stacking strategy is the target stacking strategy obtained according to the method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste in Example 1.

[0265] Step 202: According to the target stacking strategy, stack the waste packages to be stacked in the disposal facility.

[0266] Here, the specific steps of step 202 are consistent with the specific steps of "determining the placement position of each sub-waste package based on the spatial information of the disposal facility and the placement order, placement direction and geometric characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy", so they will not be repeated here.

[0267] In this embodiment, multiple stacking strategies can be obtained first, and a target stacking strategy that balances radiation protection and space utilization can be selected based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each strategy. This allows radioactive waste to be stacked according to the target stacking strategy, ensuring radiation protection while improving the space utilization rate of the disposal facility.

[0268] Example 3:

[0269] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a device 60 for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste packages, comprising a generation module 61, a first determination module 62, and a screening module 63.

[0270] The generation module 61 is used to randomly generate K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste package in the waste package to be stacked, where K is a positive integer;

[0271] The first determining module 62 is used to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of each first stacking strategy by using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric features and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy.

[0272] The filtering module 63 is connected to the generation module and the first determination module respectively, and is used to filter the target cipher from the K first ciphers based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each first cipher.

[0273] Optionally, the above-mentioned generation module 61 includes:

[0274] The second determining submodule is used to determine at least one stacking direction for each of the sub-waste packages based on the geometric characteristics of the sub-waste packages;

[0275] The loop submodule is used to repeatedly execute the following steps until K of the first staging strategies are generated:

[0276] The sub-waste packages are randomly sorted to obtain the stacking order of each sub-waste package;

[0277] Based on at least one stacking direction of each of the sub-waste packages, a corresponding stacking direction for each sub-waste package is determined, wherein the corresponding stacking direction of the sub-waste package is any one of the at least one stacking directions.

[0278] The first stacking strategy is generated based on the stacking order and corresponding stacking direction of each of the sub-waste packages.

[0279] Optionally, the first determining module 62 includes a first determining submodule, a first evaluation submodule, a second evaluation submodule, and a third evaluation submodule.

[0280] The first determination submodule is used to determine the placement position of each sub-waste package by using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the placement order, placement direction and geometric features of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy.

[0281] The first evaluation submodule is used to obtain the radiation evaluation value of the first stacking strategy by using the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package.

[0282] The second evaluation submodule, which is connected to the first determination submodule and the first evaluation submodule respectively, is used to obtain the space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy by the stacking position, stacking direction and geometric features of each sub-waste package;

[0283] The third evaluation submodule, connected to the second evaluation submodule, is used to obtain the comprehensive evaluation value of the first stacking strategy by utilizing the radiation evaluation value and the space utilization evaluation value.

[0284] Optionally, the waste package to be stacked includes J sub-waste packages, where J is a positive integer, and the disposal facility includes at least one disposal unit.

[0285] The first determination submodule includes a first determination unit, a first update unit, and a second determination unit.

[0286] The first determining unit is used to determine the target placement location of the j-th sub-waste package by traversing the points in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed, provided that the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package.

[0287] Where j is an integer less than or equal to J, the j-th sub-waste bag is the sub-waste bag with the j-th placement order in the first placement strategy, and the target placement position is the placement point where the indicator factor meets the first preset condition. The indicator factor is used to characterize the space utilization degree when the sub-waste bag is placed at the target placement position according to the corresponding placement direction.

[0288] The first update unit is used to update the remaining available space of the first processing unit;

[0289] The second determining unit is used to traverse the points in the first disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed, and determine the target placement position of the (j+1)th sub-waste package, where the remaining available space after the update of the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package. The (j+1)th sub-waste package is the sub-waste package whose placement order is the (j+1)th in the first placement strategy.

[0290] Optionally, the first determining submodule mentioned above further includes:

[0291] If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility cannot accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, the locations in the second disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed are traversed to determine the target placement location for the (j+1)th sub-waste package.

[0292] The treatment facility includes the first treatment unit and the second treatment unit.

[0293] Optionally, the first evaluation submodule includes a third determining unit and a first evaluation unit.

[0294] The third determining unit is used to determine the radiation assessment value of each sub-waste package based on the distance between the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the target position and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package. The target position is a preset position in the disposal unit where the stacking position of the sub-waste package is located.

[0295] The first assessment unit, connected to the first determination unit, is used to determine the radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy based on the radiation assessment value of each sub-waste package.

[0296] Optionally, the second evaluation submodule includes a first acquisition unit, a fourth determination unit, and a second evaluation unit.

[0297] The first acquisition unit is used to acquire the placement position of the first sub-waste package, where the first sub-waste package is the last sub-waste package in the placement order;

[0298] The fourth determining unit, connected to the first obtaining unit, is used to obtain the second available space rate based on the remaining available space of the third disposal unit and the volume of the third disposal unit, wherein the third disposal unit is the disposal unit where the first sub-waste package is stacked.

[0299] The second evaluation unit, connected to the second determination unit, is used to obtain the space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy based on the second available space rate and the number of disposal units occupied, wherein the number of disposal units occupied is the number of disposal units occupied after all sub-waste packages are stacked according to the first stacking strategy.

[0300] Example 4:

[0301] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a radioactive waste package stacking device 70, which includes: an acquisition module 71 and an execution mechanism 72.

[0302] The acquisition module 71 is used to acquire the target placement strategy of the code-placed waste package. The target placement strategy is the target placement strategy obtained according to the radioactive waste placement strategy determination method in Example 1.

[0303] The actuator 72, connected to the acquisition module 71, is used to place the waste packages to be placed in the disposal facility according to the target placement strategy.

[0304] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining a stacking strategy for radioactive waste, characterized in that, include: Based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, K first stacking strategies are randomly generated, where K is a positive integer. By using the spatial information of the disposal facility, as well as the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric features and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy, a comprehensive evaluation value for each of the first stacking strategies is obtained. Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each of the first staging strategies, a target staging strategy is selected from the K first staging strategies; The step of randomly generating K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking orders and directions of the sub-waste packets in the waste packet to be stacked includes: Let i = 0; Based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, K first stacking strategies are randomly generated. For the K first code placement strategies, perform strategy optimization processing to update the K first code placement strategies and obtain the updated K first code placement strategies; Let i=i+1; Returning to the step of randomly generating K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking orders and directions of the sub-waste bags in the waste bag to be stacked, and performing a strategy optimization step to update the K first stacking strategies to obtain updated K first stacking strategies, let i = i + 1. Until i is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, or the first stacking strategy with the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the updated K first stacking strategies satisfies the second preset condition, the first stacking strategy with the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the updated K first stacking strategies is determined as the target stacking strategy for the waste packet to be stacked. The second preset condition is that the strategy optimization step is executed continuously for a preset number of times, and the highest comprehensive evaluation value among the updated K first placement strategies remains unchanged. The strategy optimization steps include the following steps: Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of the K first coding schemes, the top P first coding schemes with the largest comprehensive evaluation value are selected from the K first coding schemes to obtain P first coding schemes; Two first coding schemes are randomly selected from the P first coding schemes. The partial sequential coding segments or partial directional coding segments corresponding to at least one sub-waste packet in the two first coding schemes are swapped to obtain Q second coding schemes. Based on the different stacking orders and directions of the sub-waste bags in the waste bag to be stacked, X third stacking strategies are randomly generated, where P, Q, and X are positive integers, and P+Q+X=K; The P first code-amplification strategies, Q second code-amplification strategies, and X third code-amplification strategies are updated to the K first code-amplification strategies; Using radiation assessment values ​​and space utilization assessment values, a comprehensive assessment value for the first stacking strategy is obtained, including: The comprehensive evaluation value of the first placement strategy is calculated using the following formula: Where F is the comprehensive evaluation value, Here, f1 is the radiation assessment value, and A is the radiation dose adjustment factor. j r represents the nuclide activity in the j-th sub-waste package. j Let be the distance between the placement position of the j-th sub-waste package and the critical position. Waste package A j The radiation rate constant corresponding to the nuclide, (E 可 -M) is the space utilization assessment value, f2 is the space utilization rate adjustment factor, and E 可 M represents the remaining available space rate of the processing unit containing the last sub-waste package in the stacking order, where M is the number of disposal units occupied.

2. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of randomly generating K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking orders and directions of the sub-waste packets in the waste packet to be stacked includes: Based on the geometric characteristics of the sub-waste packages, at least one stacking direction for each sub-waste package is determined; Repeat the following steps until K of the first placement strategies are generated: The sub-waste packages are randomly sorted to obtain the stacking order of each sub-waste package; Based on at least one stacking direction of each of the sub-waste packages, a corresponding stacking direction for each sub-waste package is determined, wherein the corresponding stacking direction of the sub-waste package is any one of the at least one stacking directions. The first stacking strategy is generated based on the stacking order and corresponding stacking direction of each of the sub-waste packages.

3. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first stacking strategy includes sequential encoding and directional encoding, and each stacking direction of the sub-waste packet corresponds to a preset parameter. The step of randomly sorting each of the sub-waste packages to obtain the stacking order of each sub-waste package includes: Generate a corresponding random number for each of the sub-waste packages within a preset numerical range; The sequential code is generated based on the random number corresponding to each of the sub-waste packages, and the magnitude of the random number corresponding to each sub-waste package in the sequential code represents the stacking order of each sub-waste package; The step of determining the corresponding stacking direction of each sub-waste package based on at least one stacking direction of each sub-waste package includes: Determine the orientation parameter of each of the sub-waste packages, wherein the orientation parameter is a preset parameter corresponding to any one of the at least one stacking orientations of the sub-waste package; The orientation code is generated based on the orientation parameters of each sub-waste package, wherein the orientation parameters corresponding to each sub-waste package in the orientation code represent the corresponding stacking orientation of each sub-waste package.

4. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comprehensive evaluation value of each of the first stacking strategies is obtained by using the spatial information of the disposal facility, as well as the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric features, and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy, including: For each first placement strategy, perform the following steps to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value for each first placement strategy: The placement position of each sub-waste package is determined by using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the placement order, placement direction and geometric features of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy. The radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by considering the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package. The space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy is obtained by considering the stacking position, stacking direction and geometric features of each of the sub-waste packages. Using the radiation assessment value and the space utilization assessment value, a comprehensive assessment value for the first stacking strategy is obtained.

5. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, The waste package to be stacked includes J sub-waste packages, where J is a positive integer, and the disposal facility includes at least one disposal unit. The step of determining the placement position of each sub-waste package using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the placement order, direction, and geometric features of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy includes: If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, then traverse all locations within the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed to determine the target placement location for the j-th sub-waste package. Where j is an integer less than or equal to J, the j-th sub-waste bag is the sub-waste bag whose stacking order is j in the first stacking strategy, and the target stacking position is the placement point where the indicator factor satisfies the first preset condition. The indicator factor is used to characterize the space utilization degree when the sub-waste bag is placed at the target stacking position according to the corresponding stacking direction. Update the remaining available space of the first processing unit; If the updated remaining available space of the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, the points in the first disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed are traversed to determine the target placement position of the (j+1)th sub-waste package. The (j+1)th sub-waste package is the sub-waste package with the (j+1)th placement order in the first placement strategy.

6. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, After updating the remaining available space of the first disposal unit according to the geometric features of the j-th sub-waste package, the method further includes: If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility cannot accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package, the locations in the second disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed are traversed to determine the target placement location for the (j+1)th sub-waste package. The treatment facility includes the first treatment unit and the second treatment unit.

7. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, the method of traversing the locations in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed, and determining the target placement location of the j-th sub-waste package, includes: If the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, determine N initial locations in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed, where N is a positive integer; Based on the remaining available space and volume of the first processing unit, determine the first available space rate of the first processing unit; Based on the first vertical area of ​​the sub-waste package and the bottom area of ​​the first disposal unit, determine the percentage of the vertical area of ​​the j-th sub-waste package placed at the first initial point. Wherein, the first initial point is any point among the N initial points, the first vertical area is the sum of the projected areas of all sub-waste bags perpendicular to the ground in the first region, the first region is the region where the first initial point is located, and the first region is at least a part of the region of the first disposal unit. Based on the first available space rate and the vertical area ratio, determine the indicator factor for placing the j-th sub-waste package at the first initial point; If the first initial point with the largest indicator factor value includes only one point, the point with the largest indicator factor value among the N initial points is determined as the target placement position of the j-th sub-waste package.

8. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 7, characterized in that, After determining the indicator factor for placing the j-th sub-waste package at the first initial point based on the first available space rate and the vertical area ratio, the method further includes: If the initial point with the largest indicator factor value includes multiple points, the point among the multiple points that is closest to the preset point is determined as the target placement position of the j-th sub-waste package.

9. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy by considering the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package includes: Based on the distance between the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the critical position, and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package, the radiation assessment value of each sub-waste package is determined respectively. The critical position is a pre-set critical position in the disposal unit where the stacking position of the sub-waste package is located. The radiation assessment value of the first stacking strategy is determined based on the radiation assessment value of each of the sub-waste packages.

10. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, The treatment facility includes at least one treatment unit. The process of obtaining the space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy based on the stacking position, stacking direction, and geometric features of each of the sub-waste packages includes: Obtain the placement position of the first sub-waste package, where the first sub-waste package is the last sub-waste package in the placement order; The second available space ratio is obtained based on the remaining available space of the third disposal unit and the volume of the third disposal unit, wherein the third disposal unit is the disposal unit where the first sub-waste package is placed; Based on the second available space rate and the number of disposal units occupied, the space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy is obtained, wherein the number of disposal units occupied is the number of disposal units occupied after all the sub-waste packages are stacked according to the first stacking strategy.

11. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, After updating P first code-amplification strategies, Q second code-amplification strategies, and X third code-amplification strategies to K first code-amplification strategies, the method may further include: From the updated K first stacking strategies, two first stacking strategies are randomly selected, and the stacking positions of at least one sub-waste packet with the same geometric features or the same nuclide in the two first stacking strategies are swapped to obtain two fourth stacking strategies. The two first code placement strategies are replaced with the two fourth code placement strategies mentioned above, resulting in K first code placement strategies after a second update.

12. The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before randomly generating K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking orders and directions of the sub-waste packets in the waste packet to be stacked, the method further includes: Upon receiving the second sub-waste packet sent at the first moment, the second sub-waste packet is stored in a temporary storage library, which is used to temporarily store sub-waste packets to be stacked. Obtain the remaining available space in the temporary storage; If the remaining available space in the temporary storage is sufficient to store the third sub-waste packet, the third sub-waste packet is stored in the temporary storage. The third sub-waste packet is a sub-waste packet sent to the temporary storage at a second time, which is later than the first time. If the remaining available space in the temporary storage is insufficient to store the third sub-waste package, the sub-waste packages in the temporary storage are merged to obtain the waste package to be stacked.

13. A method for stacking radioactive waste, characterized in that, include: Obtain the target stacking strategy for the waste package to be stacked, wherein the target stacking strategy is the target stacking strategy obtained by the method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to any one of claims 1-12; According to the target stacking strategy, the waste packages to be stacked are placed in the disposal facility.

14. A device for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy, characterized in that, The method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to any one of claims 1-12, the apparatus comprising a generation module, a first determination module, and a screening module, The generation module is used to randomly generate K first stacking strategies based on the different stacking order and different stacking direction of each sub-waste bag in the waste bag to be stacked, where K is a positive integer; The first determining module is used to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of each of the first stacking strategies by using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the stacking order, stacking direction, geometric features and radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package in the first stacking strategy. The filtering module, connected to the generation module and the first determining module respectively, is used to filter out the target cipher from the K first ciphers based on the comprehensive evaluation value of each first cipher.

15. The apparatus for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first determining module includes a first determining submodule, a first evaluation submodule, a second evaluation submodule, and a third evaluation submodule. The first determining submodule is used to determine the placement position of each sub-waste package by using the spatial information of the disposal facility and the placement order, placement direction and geometric features of each sub-waste package in the first placement strategy. The first evaluation submodule is used to obtain the radiation evaluation value of the first stacking strategy by using the stacking position of each of the sub-waste packages and the radioactive material characteristics of each of the sub-waste packages; The second evaluation submodule, which is connected to the first determination submodule and the first evaluation submodule respectively, is used to obtain the space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy by the stacking position, stacking direction and geometric features of each of the sub-waste packages; The third evaluation submodule, connected to the second evaluation submodule, is used to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the first stacking strategy using the radiation evaluation value and the space utilization evaluation value.

16. The apparatus for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy according to claim 15, characterized in that, The waste package to be stacked includes J sub-waste packages, where J is a positive integer, and the disposal facility includes at least one disposal unit. The first determining submodule includes a first determining unit, a first updating unit, and a second determining unit. The first determining unit is configured to, when the remaining available space in the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the j-th sub-waste package, traverse the points in the first disposal unit where the j-th sub-waste package can be placed, and determine the target placement location for the j-th sub-waste package. Where j is an integer less than or equal to J, the j-th sub-waste bag is the sub-waste bag whose stacking order is j in the first stacking strategy, and the target stacking position is the placement point where the indicator factor satisfies the first preset condition. The indicator factor is used to characterize the space utilization degree when the sub-waste bag is placed at the target stacking position according to the corresponding stacking direction. The first update unit is used to update the remaining available space of the first processing unit; The second determining unit is used to determine the target placement position of the (j+1)th sub-waste package by traversing the points in the first disposal unit where the (j+1)th sub-waste package can be placed, when it is determined that the updated remaining available space of the first disposal unit of the disposal facility can accommodate the (j+1)th sub-waste package. The (j+1)th sub-waste package is the sub-waste package whose placement order is the (j+1)th in the first placement strategy.

17. The apparatus for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first evaluation submodule includes a third determining unit and a first evaluation unit. The third determining unit is used to determine the radiation assessment value of each of the sub-waste packages based on the distance between the stacking position of each sub-waste package and the critical position and the radioactive material characteristics of each sub-waste package. The critical position is a pre-set critical position in the disposal unit where the stacking position of the sub-waste package is located. The first evaluation unit, connected to the first determination unit, is used to determine the radiation evaluation value of the first stacking strategy based on the radiation evaluation value of each of the sub-waste packages.

18. The apparatus for determining a radioactive waste stacking strategy according to claim 15, characterized in that, The second evaluation submodule includes a first acquisition unit, a fourth determination unit, and a second evaluation unit. The first acquisition unit is used to acquire the placement position of the first sub-waste package, wherein the first sub-waste package is the last sub-waste package in the placement order; The fourth determining unit, connected to the first obtaining unit, is used to obtain a second available space rate based on the remaining available space of the third disposal unit and the volume of the third disposal unit, wherein the third disposal unit is the disposal unit where the first sub-waste package is stacked. The second evaluation unit, connected to the second determination unit, is used to obtain the space utilization evaluation value of the first stacking strategy based on the second available space rate and the number of disposal units occupied, wherein the number of disposal units occupied is the number of disposal units occupied after all the sub-waste packages are stacked according to the first stacking strategy.

19. A radioactive waste stacking device, characterized in that, The device includes an acquisition module and an execution mechanism. The acquisition module is used to acquire the target stacking strategy of the waste package to be stacked, wherein the target stacking strategy is the target stacking strategy obtained by the method for determining the stacking strategy of radioactive waste according to any one of claims 1-12. An actuator, connected to the acquisition module, is used to place the waste packages to be placed in the disposal facility according to the target placement strategy.

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