Service quality simulation methods, verification methods and devices

Abstract

This application discloses a service quality simulation method, verification method, and apparatus, belonging to the field of computer science. The service quality simulation method provided by this application includes: obtaining the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow targeting a target port of a target device; inputting the input bandwidth of each service flow into a service quality simulation model for the target device to obtain the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port. This application obtains the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port through simulation calculation using a service quality simulation model for the target device, which is more efficient than the manual calculation method in related technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of computer science, and specifically relates to a simulation method, verification method and apparatus for service quality. Background Technology

[0002] To optimize the QoS (Quality of Service) performance of network devices, it is necessary to verify whether the QoS performance of the network devices is good.

[0003] In related technologies, network analysis instruments are generally used to collect the actual output bandwidth of each service flow and the actual output bandwidth of the port of the network device. Based on the QoS policy of the network device, the theoretical output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical output bandwidth of the port of the network device are calculated manually. By matching the actual and theoretical output bandwidth of each service flow and the actual and theoretical output bandwidth of the output port of the network device, the QoS performance of the network device is verified.

[0004] However, in related technologies, manually calculating the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow at the output port of a network device and the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of the output port of the network device is inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a service quality simulation method, verification method, and apparatus that can solve the problem of low efficiency in calculating service quality parameters in related technologies.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a service quality simulation method, including:

[0007] Obtain the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow for the target port of the target device;

[0008] The input bandwidth of each service flow is input into the service quality simulation model for the target device to obtain the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a service quality verification method, including:

[0010] Obtain the actual output bandwidth of each service flow for the target port of the target device and the actual output bandwidth of the target port;

[0011] Obtain the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow for the target port of the target device and the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port;

[0012] The theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of the target port are calculated based on the simulation method described in the first aspect.

[0013] The service quality performance of the target device is verified by matching the actual output bandwidth of each service flow with the theoretical output bandwidth of each service flow, and by matching the actual output bandwidth of the target port with the theoretical output bandwidth of the target port.

[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a service quality simulation device, including: an acquisition module and a determination module;

[0015] The acquisition module is used to acquire the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow for the target port of the target device;

[0016] The determining module is used to input the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device to obtain the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port.

[0017] In this embodiment, the input bandwidth of each service flow is obtained, where each service flow is a service flow targeting a target port of the target device. The input bandwidth of each service flow is then input into a service quality simulation model for the target device to obtain the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port. Thus, by using a service quality simulation model for the target device to simulate and calculate the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port, the efficiency is higher compared to the manual calculation method in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a service quality simulation method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating another service quality simulation method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating another service quality simulation method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating another service quality simulation method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the determination of the output bandwidth of a PQ queue, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating how to determine the output bandwidth of a WFQ queue with fixed allocated bandwidth, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the determination of the output bandwidth of a WFQ queue with non-fixed bandwidth allocation, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 8-1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating another service quality simulation method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 8-2 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating another service quality simulation method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 8-3 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the calculation of the output bandwidth of a PQ queue, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 8-4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the calculation of the output bandwidth of a WFQ queue with fixed allocated bandwidth, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 8-5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the calculation of the output bandwidth of a WFQ queue with non-fixed bandwidth allocation, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a service quality verification method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a service quality simulation device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0034] When network congestion occurs, data streams may be dropped. To meet users' different service quality requirements for various applications, network resources need to be allocated and scheduled according to user needs, providing different service qualities for different data streams. For example, data packets with high real-time requirements and importance are prioritized; ordinary data packets with low real-time requirements are given lower processing priority, and may even be dropped during network congestion. Based on this, network devices supporting QoS can provide quality of service; for a certain type of data stream, a certain level of transmission priority can be assigned to it to indicate its relative importance, and various priority forwarding strategies and congestion avoidance mechanisms provided by the network device can be used to provide special transmission services for these data streams. In this way, a network configured with QoS increases the predictability of network performance and can effectively allocate network bandwidth, making more rational use of network resources. QoS typically provides the following three service models: best-effort service model, integrated service model, and differential service model. Among them, Ethernet QoS technology based on the differential service model can implement and optimize service quality for different network services.

[0035] To optimize the QoS performance of network devices, it is necessary to verify whether the QoS performance of the network devices is good. In related technologies, this is generally achieved by collecting the actual output bandwidth values ​​of each service flow and the actual port output bandwidth at the network device's output ports; based on the network device's QoS policy, the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical values ​​of the port output bandwidth are manually calculated; and the QoS performance of the network device is verified by matching the actual and theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the actual and theoretical values ​​of the port output bandwidth. However, the applicant notes that the manual calculation of the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical values ​​of the port output bandwidth in related technologies is inefficient and affects the efficiency of QoS performance verification.

[0036] Based on this, the overall concept of this application embodiment is to configure the configuration information of the QoS simulation model according to the QoS policy of the network device, thereby obtaining a QoS simulation model for the QoS policy of the network device; wherein, the QoS simulation model can simulate processes such as traffic classification and marking, traffic monitoring, traffic shaping and scheduling, and port / queue rate limiting in Ethernet QoS technology based on differential services. Furthermore, in the process of verifying the QoS performance of the network device, for example, ... Figure 1 As shown, by inputting the input bandwidth of each service flow at the target port of the network device into a pre-prepared QoS simulation model, the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of each service flow is calculated through simulation. This method is more efficient than the manual calculation method used in related technologies. Furthermore, the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of each service flow is quickly calculated using the QoS simulation model, which assists in the QoS performance verification of the network device and improves the efficiency of QoS performance verification.

[0037] The simulation method, verification method, and apparatus for service quality provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a service quality simulation method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the service quality simulation method provided in this application embodiment may include:

[0040] Step 210: Obtain the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow for the target port of the target device;

[0041] Step 220: Input the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device to obtain the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port;

[0042] The service quality simulation model can reflect the service quality strategy of the target device, and the service quality simulation model can be a model obtained based on the service quality configuration information of the target device.

[0043] In step 210, a service flow can be understood as service traffic, and the service types of different service flows can be different. The input bandwidth of a service flow can be understood as the bandwidth required to normally execute the service.

[0044] In step 220, the quality of service (QoS) simulation model can simulate processes such as traffic classification and labeling, traffic monitoring, traffic shaping and scheduling, and port rate limiting / queue rate limiting in Ethernet QoS policies. For example, the QoS simulation model can be... Figure 1The QoS simulation model shown can simulate processes such as service flow queue mapping, queue rate limiting, queue scheduling, and port rate limiting. The service flow queue mapping function enables the conversion between service flows and queues. The queue scheduling function offers two modes: Priority Queuing (PQ) and Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ). WFQ scheduling mode provides both fixed and variable bandwidth allocation options. Queue rate limiting allows setting queue-limited bandwidth, and port rate limiting allows setting port-limited bandwidth. This QoS simulation model algorithm has good versatility and is easy to port.

[0045] Prior to step 220, this embodiment of the application may pre-configure service quality-related parameters of the service quality simulation model. These service quality-related parameters can be used to indicate the service quality configuration information of the target device. The service quality configuration information of the target device is used to reflect the QoS policy of the target device.

[0046] Among them, the service quality-related parameters may include: the mapping table of business flow conversion to queues; the scheduling mechanism of each queue (PQ queue or WFQ queue); the weight of each WFQ queue in WFQ mode; and whether each WFQ queue needs to be set with fixed bandwidth allocation in WFQ mode according to demand.

[0047] The target device can be a network device that supports QoS functions, such as an Ethernet switch or Ethernet router; this application does not impose specific restrictions on this. The target port can be the output port of the target device.

[0048] In step 220, with Figure 1 Taking the QoS simulation model shown as an example, this embodiment of the application can input the input bandwidth of each service flow into a pre-obtained service quality simulation model, and calculate the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port. The output bandwidth of a service flow can be understood as the bandwidth allocated to the service after applying the QoS policy of the target device. Similarly, the output bandwidth of the target port can be understood as the bandwidth of the target port after applying the QoS policy of the target device. This method is more efficient in determining the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port compared to the manual calculation method in related technologies.

[0049] According to the service quality simulation method provided in this application, the input bandwidth of each service flow is obtained; the input bandwidth of each service flow is input into a pre-obtained service quality simulation model to obtain the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port; wherein, the service quality simulation model includes pre-configured service quality configuration information of the target device. In this way, the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port are calculated through simulation using the service quality simulation model for the target device, which is more efficient than the manual calculation method in related technologies.

[0050] In one specific embodiment, in order to simulate the QoS policy of the target device using a quality of service simulation model, such as Figure 3 As shown, the service quality simulation method provided in this application embodiment may include:

[0051] Step 310: Obtain the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow for the target port of the target device;

[0052] Step 320: Input the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device. The service quality simulation model is a model obtained based on the service quality configuration information for the target device. The service quality configuration information includes: the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0053] After inputting the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device, the service quality simulation model performs the following steps:

[0054] Step 330: Based on the input bandwidth of each service flow and the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, determine the input bandwidth of each queue among multiple queues;

[0055] Step 340: Determine the output bandwidth of each queue in the multiple queues based on the input bandwidth of each queue, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0056] Step 350: Determine the output bandwidth of each service flow based on the output bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues and the mapping relationship between service flows and queues;

[0057] Step 360: Determine the output bandwidth of the target port based on the output bandwidth of each queue in the multiple queues.

[0058] Step 310 can be referred to in detail in step 210, and will not be repeated here.

[0059] Steps 320-360 can be sub-steps of step 220.

[0060] In step 320, the service quality-related parameters pre-configured in the service quality simulation model can be used to indicate the service quality configuration information of the target device. The service quality configuration information of the target device may include: the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, queue-limited bandwidth, queue scheduling mode, and port rate limiting of the target port. Since the service quality-related parameters of the service quality simulation model can be used to indicate the service quality configuration information of the target device, this embodiment can determine the service quality configuration information from the service quality-related parameters of the service quality simulation model.

[0061] The mapping relationship between business flows and queues can be pre-stored in a mapping table. Based on the business category of the business flow and the mapping table, the business flow can be converted into a queue.

[0062] The queue-limited bandwidth indicates the upper limit of the queue's output bandwidth. The queue-limited bandwidth can be a parameter set by the user based on the actual requirements of the target device's QoS policy. The queue-limited bandwidths for each queue can be the same or different; this application does not impose specific restrictions.

[0063] The queue scheduling mode can include at least one of PQ scheduling mode and WFQ scheduling mode. The queue scheduling mode can be a parameter set by the user according to the actual requirements of the target device's QoS policy.

[0064] The target port rate limit indicates the upper limit of the output bandwidth of the target port. The target port rate limit can be a parameter set by the user based on the actual requirements of the target device's QoS policy.

[0065] In step 330, the input bandwidth of each service flow can be converted into the input bandwidth of each queue based on the mapping relationship between service flows and queues. The mapping relationship between service flows and queues can be a one-to-one mapping relationship or a many-to-one mapping relationship, and this application does not impose any specific restrictions here.

[0066] In step 340, with Figure 1 Taking the service quality simulation model shown as an example, the service quality simulation model of this application embodiment can simulate the processes of queue rate limiting, queue scheduling and target port rate limiting in Ethernet QoS technology. Based on the input bandwidth, queue limit bandwidth, queue scheduling mode and target port rate limiting of each queue, the bandwidth of the target port is allocated to each queue according to the scheduling method of each queue, so as to determine the output bandwidth of each queue.

[0067] In step 350, the output bandwidth of each queue can be converted into the output bandwidth of each service flow based on the mapping relationship between service flows and queues. The mapping relationship between service flows and queues can be pre-stored in a mapping table. The mapping table used in step 350 can be the same as the mapping table used in step 330.

[0068] In step 360, the sum of the output bandwidths of each queue can be determined as the output bandwidth of the target port in this embodiment of the application.

[0069] According to the service quality simulation method provided in this application embodiment, the input bandwidth of each service flow is obtained, wherein each service flow is a service flow for a target port of a target device; the input bandwidth of each service flow is input into a service quality simulation model for the target device, wherein the service quality simulation model is a model obtained based on service quality configuration information for the target device, wherein the service quality configuration information includes: the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port; after the input bandwidth of each service flow is input into the service quality simulation model for the target device, the service quality simulation model performs the following steps: based on the input bandwidth of each service flow and the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, the input bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues is determined; based on the input bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port, the output bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues is determined; based on the output bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues and the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, the output bandwidth of each service flow is determined; based on the output bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues, the output bandwidth of the target port is determined. In this way, by simulating the QoS policy of the target device using a pre-obtained QoS simulation model, the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port under this QoS policy can be flexibly calculated. Since the QoS simulation model is pre-set with QoS configuration information corresponding to the QoS policy, the QoS simulation method provided in this application embodiment can be widely applied to various network devices with different QoS policies.

[0070] In one specific embodiment, the queue scheduling mode supported by the service quality simulation model may include at least one of the following: Priority Queue (PQ) scheduling mode and Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ) scheduling mode; when the queue scheduling mode includes the WFQ scheduling mode, the service quality configuration information may further include weights corresponding to the WFQ queues; the plurality of queues may include at least one of: PQ queues and WFQ queues. The following uses... Figure 4 Let's take an example to illustrate this in detail.

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the service quality simulation method provided in this application embodiment may include:

[0072] Step 410: Obtain the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow for the target port of the target device;

[0073] Step 420: Input the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device. The service quality simulation model is a model obtained based on the service quality configuration information for the target device. The service quality configuration information includes: the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0074] After inputting the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device, the service quality simulation model performs the following steps:

[0075] Step 430: Based on the input bandwidth of each service flow and the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, determine the input bandwidth of each queue among multiple queues;

[0076] Step 440: If the plurality of queues includes at least one PQ queue, determine the output bandwidth of at least one PQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0077] Step 450: If the plurality of queues includes at least one WFQ queue, determine the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0078] Step 460: Determine the output bandwidth of each service flow based on the output bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues and the mapping relationship between service flows and queues;

[0079] Step 470: Determine the output bandwidth of the target port based on the output bandwidth of each queue in the multiple queues.

[0080] Step 410 can refer to the specific content of step 210, step 430 can refer to the specific content of step 330, step 460 can refer to the specific content of step 350, and step 470 can refer to the specific content of step 360. They will not be repeated here.

[0081] Steps 440-450 can be sub-steps of step 340.

[0082] Since the PQ scheduling mode has a higher priority than the WFQ scheduling mode, in application scenarios involving both PQ and WFQ queues, the output bandwidth of the PQ queue can be allocated first, followed by the output bandwidth of the WFQ queue.

[0083] In this way, the service quality simulation model can support both PQ scheduling mode and WFQ scheduling mode simultaneously. In scenarios where each queue is a PQ queue and / or a WFQ queue, it can assist in verifying the service quality performance of the target device, thus expanding the application scope of service quality performance verification.

[0084] In one specific embodiment, when multiple queues include a PQ queue, such as Figure 5 As shown, in step 440 above, determining the output bandwidth of at least one PQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port may include:

[0085] Step 4401: For the at least one PQ queue, determine the output bandwidth of each PQ queue in descending order of queue number;

[0086] Step 4402: For the first target queue, determine the output bandwidth of the first target queue based on the input bandwidth of the first target queue and the queue limit bandwidth of the first target queue;

[0087] Wherein, for the first target queue, the output bandwidth of the first target queue is the minimum value between the input bandwidth of the first target queue and the queue-limited bandwidth of the first target queue, and the first target queue is any one of the at least one PQ queue;

[0088] Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue is less than or equal to the initial port remaining bandwidth, wherein the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port;

[0089] The quality of service configuration information of the target device may include the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port. The port rate limit can be used to indicate the upper limit of the output bandwidth of the target port set by the user, and the port line speed can be used to characterize the highest rate that the target port can support.

[0090] Specifically, the scheduling priority of each PQ queue can be determined according to the queue number in descending order. The PQ queue with the larger queue number can be allocated output bandwidth first, and the remaining bandwidth of the initial port is allocated to each PQ queue in turn. For example, since the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues is less than or equal to the remaining bandwidth of the initial port, if the output bandwidth of the first b PQ queues out of a PQ queues is determined to be the minimum value between the input bandwidth and the queue limit bandwidth of the queue, and the sum of the output bandwidths of the first b PQ queues is equal to the remaining bandwidth of the initial port, the output bandwidth of the last ab PQ queues out of a PQ queues can be 0, where a is greater than or equal to b. If the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues is equal to the remaining bandwidth of the initial port, step 460 is executed directly.

[0091] In a specific example, since the sum of the output bandwidths of each PQ queue is limited to be less than or equal to the initial port remaining bandwidth, in the process of calculating the output bandwidth of each first target queue in descending order of queue number, the output bandwidth of the first target queue can be the minimum value among the input bandwidth of the first target queue, the queue limit bandwidth of the first target queue, and the target port remaining bandwidth. The target port remaining bandwidth can be obtained by subtracting the sum of the input bandwidths of the queues whose output bandwidth calculations have been completed from the initial port remaining bandwidth.

[0092] In this way, the remaining bandwidth of the initial port can be allocated to the higher-priority PQ queues first, and their output bandwidth can be calculated; then the remaining bandwidth of the initial port can be allocated to the lower-priority PQ queues, and their output bandwidth can be calculated, so that the calculated output bandwidth of each PQ queue conforms to the QoS policy of the target device.

[0093] In another specific embodiment, the WFQ scheduling mode includes at least one of the following: fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode and non-fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode.

[0094] It's understandable that users can choose whether to allocate bandwidth to WFQ queues based on their actual needs. "Fixed" or "non-fixed" defines the allocation method. Fixed bandwidth allocation means that the pre-allocated bandwidth is fixed and will not change after multiple allocations, based on the proportion of the WFQ queue's weight to the sum of all WFQ queues' weights. Non-fixed bandwidth allocation means that the pre-allocated bandwidth is not fixed and may change after multiple allocations, based on the proportion of the WFQ queue's weight to the sum of all WFQ queues' weights.

[0095] Among them, the priority of the fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode is higher than that of the non-fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode.

[0096] The at least one WFQ queue includes at least one of a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue and a non-fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue;

[0097] In step 450 above, determining the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port may include:

[0098] In the case where at least one WFQ queue includes a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the output bandwidth of at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0099] In the case where at least one WFQ queue includes a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the output bandwidth of at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0100] In this way, the service quality simulation model can simultaneously support fixed and non-fixed bandwidth allocation options under WFQ scheduling mode. In scenarios where each queue is a WFQ queue (fixed bandwidth allocation) and / or a WFQ queue (non-fixed bandwidth allocation), it can assist in verifying the service quality performance of the target device, thus expanding the application scope of service quality performance verification.

[0101] In one specific embodiment, where at least one WFQ queue includes a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, such as Figure 6 As shown, in step 450 above, determining the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port may include:

[0102] Step 4501: When the plurality of queues include PQ queues and WFQ queues, determine the first port remaining bandwidth based on the initial port remaining bandwidth and the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue; the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port.

[0103] Step 4502: For the second target queue in the WFQ queue: Determine the fixed bandwidth of the second target queue based on the weight of the second target queue, the sum of the weights of all WFQ queues, and the remaining bandwidth of the first port. The second target queue is any fixed bandwidth WFQ queue in the WFQ queue.

[0104] Step 4503: Determine the output bandwidth of the second target queue as the minimum value among the input bandwidth of the second target queue, the fixed bandwidth of the second target queue, and the queue-limited bandwidth of the second target queue;

[0105] Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all second target queues in the at least one WFQ queue is less than or equal to the remaining bandwidth of the first port.

[0106] In step 4501, the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be obtained by subtracting the sum of the output bandwidths of each PQ queue from the remaining bandwidth of the initial port.

[0107] Of course, the remaining bandwidth of the first port can also be determined in other ways according to the priority of queue scheduling. For example, if the PQ queue is not included in the queues, the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be the remaining bandwidth of the initial port. As another example, if the PQ queue is included in the queues and the sum of the output bandwidths of the PQ queues is equal to the remaining bandwidth of the initial port, the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be 0, and correspondingly, the output bandwidth of each WFQ queue can also be 0. As yet another example, if the PQ queue is included in the queues and the sum of the output bandwidths of the PQ queues is less than the remaining bandwidth of the initial port, the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be the difference between the remaining bandwidth of the initial port and the sum of the output bandwidths of the PQ queues.

[0108] In step 4502, if the second target queue is a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the fixed bandwidth of the second target queue can be determined as (weight of the second target queue / sum of the weights of each WFQ queue) * remaining bandwidth of the first port.

[0109] In step 4503, the output bandwidth of the second target queue can be the minimum value among the input bandwidth of the second target queue, the fixed bandwidth of the second target queue, and the queue-limited bandwidth of the second target queue.

[0110] In this embodiment, the scheduling priority of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue can be determined in descending order of weight. The fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue with a larger weight can be allocated output bandwidth first, and the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be allocated sequentially to each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue. Alternatively, the scheduling priority of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue can be determined in descending order of queue number. The fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue with a larger queue number can be allocated output bandwidth first, and the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be allocated sequentially to each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue. This application does not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0111] For example, in each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, when the queue number is associated with the scheduling priority, the sum of the output bandwidths of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue is less than or equal to the remaining bandwidth of the first port. The output bandwidth of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue is determined sequentially in descending order of the queue number as the minimum value among the queue's input bandwidth, the queue's fixed bandwidth, and the queue's queue-limited bandwidth.

[0112] In this way, the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be allocated to the higher-priority fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue first, and its output bandwidth can be calculated; then the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be allocated to the lower-priority fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, and its output bandwidth can be calculated, so that the calculated output bandwidth of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue conforms to the QoS policy of the target device.

[0113] In one specific embodiment, where at least one WFQ queue includes a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, such as Figure 7 As shown, in step 450 above, determining the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port may include:

[0114] Step 4504: Determine the remaining bandwidth of the second port based on the initial port remaining bandwidth, the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue, and the sum of the output bandwidths of all fixed-bandwidth WFQ queues in the at least one WFQ queue; the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port.

[0115] Step 4505: For the third target queue in the WFQ queue: Based on the weight of the third target queue, the sum of the weights of each WFQ queue to be calculated, and the remaining bandwidth of the second port, determine the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated; the third target queue is any non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue in the WFQ queue.

[0116] Step 4506: If the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated is greater than or equal to the specified bandwidth of the third target queue, determine the output bandwidth of the third target queue as the specified bandwidth of the third target queue; wherein, the specified bandwidth of the third target queue is the minimum value between the input bandwidth of the third target queue and the queue-limited bandwidth of the third target queue.

[0117] Step 4507: If the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated is less than the specified bandwidth of the third target queue, determine the output bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated as the pre-allocated bandwidth of the third target queue.

[0118] Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all third target queues in the at least one WFQ queue is less than or equal to the remaining bandwidth of the second port.

[0119] In step 4504, the sum of the output bandwidths of each PQ queue and the sum of the output bandwidths of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue can be subtracted from the initial port remaining bandwidth to obtain the second port remaining bandwidth. The second port remaining bandwidth is used for bandwidth allocation in the non-fixed-bandwidth WFQ queues.

[0120] Of course, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can also be determined in other ways according to the embodiments of this application. For example, based on the priority of queue scheduling, if the queues do not include PQ queues and fixed-bandwidth WFQ queues, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can be the remaining bandwidth of the initial port. As another example, if the queues include PQ queues but not fixed-bandwidth WFQ queues, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can be the difference between the remaining bandwidth of the initial port and the sum of the output bandwidths of each PQ queue. As another example, if the queues do not include PQ queues but include fixed-bandwidth WFQ queues, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can be the difference between the remaining bandwidth of the initial port and the sum of the output bandwidths of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue. As yet another example, if the queues include PQ queues and fixed-bandwidth WFQ queues, and the sum of the output bandwidths of each PQ queue and the output bandwidths of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue equals the remaining bandwidth of the initial port, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can be 0, and correspondingly, the output bandwidth of each non-fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue can also be 0. For example, if each queue includes a PQ queue and a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, and the sum of the output bandwidth of each PQ queue and the output bandwidth of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue is less than the initial port remaining bandwidth, the first port remaining bandwidth can be the initial port remaining bandwidth minus the sum of the output bandwidth of each PQ queue and the output bandwidth of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue.

[0121] In this embodiment, when the queue is a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the pre-allocated bandwidth of the third target queue can be determined as (weight of the third target queue / sum of weights of each WFQ queue to be calculated) * remaining bandwidth of the second port. The output bandwidth of the third target queue can be the minimum value among the input bandwidth of the third target queue, the pre-allocated bandwidth of the third target queue, and the queue-limited bandwidth of the third target queue.

[0122] After calculating the output bandwidth of at least one third target queue, the sum of the weights corresponding to each WFQ queue to be calculated changes. At this time, the pre-allocated bandwidth of the third target queue to be calculated can be redefined as (weight of the third target queue / sum of the weights corresponding to each WFQ queue to be calculated) * remaining bandwidth of the third port, where the remaining bandwidth of the third port is the remaining bandwidth of the second port minus the sum of the output bandwidths of the third target queues that have been calculated.

[0123] In this embodiment, the pre-allocated bandwidth of the third target queue to be calculated can be performed in multiple rounds. For example, the first round calculates the pre-allocated bandwidth of each non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue to be calculated. If the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue k is greater than the minimum of the input bandwidth and the queue-limited bandwidth of queue k, the output bandwidth of queue k is determined to be the minimum of the input bandwidth and the queue-limited bandwidth of queue k. At this time, queue k is removed from the WFQ queues to be calculated, and the second round calculates the pre-allocated bandwidth of each WFQ queue to be calculated. If the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue h is greater than the minimum of the input bandwidth and the queue-limited bandwidth of queue h, the output bandwidth of queue h is determined to be the minimum of the input bandwidth and the queue-limited bandwidth of queue h. This process continues until the pre-allocated bandwidth of each third target queue to be calculated is less than the minimum of the input bandwidth and the queue-limited bandwidth of the queue, at which point the output bandwidth of each third target queue to be calculated is determined to be the pre-allocated bandwidth of the queue. The round in which the pre-allocated bandwidth is calculated is a positive integer less than or equal to p, where p is the number of the third target queue among multiple queues.

[0124] Understandably, in the above example, the reason for performing multiple rounds of calculation on the pre-allocated bandwidth is that unused pre-allocated bandwidth in a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue can be shared with other queues. For example, the first round calculates the pre-allocated bandwidth of each non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue to be calculated. If the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue k is greater than the minimum of the input bandwidth and the queue-limited bandwidth of queue k, the output bandwidth of queue k is determined to be the minimum of the input bandwidth and the queue-limited bandwidth of queue k. At this point, since the output bandwidth of queue k is less than its pre-allocated bandwidth, the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue k is not fully used. The difference between the pre-allocated bandwidth and the output bandwidth of queue k can be shared with other non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queues to be calculated. Thus, after queue k completes the calculation of its output bandwidth, queue k can be removed from the list of non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queues to be calculated, and the second round of calculation can begin.

[0125] In the process of calculating the pre-allocated bandwidth of each non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue to be calculated in the i-th round (i is greater than or equal to 1), the pre-allocated bandwidth of the third target queue can be determined as (weight of the third target queue / sum of weights of each WFQ queue to be calculated) * remaining bandwidth of the target port. The remaining bandwidth of the target port can be obtained by subtracting the sum of the output bandwidths of the queues that have completed the calculation from the initial remaining bandwidth of the port.

[0126] In this way, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can be allocated to the non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue with more pre-allocated bandwidth, and its output bandwidth can be calculated. Then, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can be allocated to the non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue with insufficient pre-allocated bandwidth, and its output bandwidth can be calculated, so that the calculated output bandwidth of each non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue conforms to the QoS policy of the target device.

[0127] In practical applications, taking an Ethernet switch as the target device as an example, in order to assist in verifying the QoS performance of the Ethernet switch through a Quality of Service (QoS) simulation model and improve the verification efficiency of QoS performance, such as... Figure 8-1 As shown, the service quality simulation method provided in this application embodiment may include:

[0128] Step 810: Set the QoS-related parameters of the QoS simulation model according to the QoS policy of the target device;

[0129] The QoS-related parameters may include: a mapping table of service flows to queues; the scheduling mode of each queue; the scheduling mode may include PQ scheduling mode or WFQ scheduling mode; the weight WT of each WFQ queue under WFQ scheduling mode; and whether each WFQ queue has a fixed bandwidth allocation under WFQ scheduling mode.

[0130] Specifically, in step 810 above, setting the QoS-related parameters of the QoS simulation model may include: setting a mapping table for service flow conversion to queues; setting the scheduling mechanism of each queue as a PQ queue or a WFQ queue; setting the weight WT of each WFQ queue; and setting whether each WFQ queue has a fixed bandwidth allocation.

[0131] Step 820: Obtain the input bandwidth of each service flow;

[0132] Step 830: Input the input bandwidth of each service flow into the QoS simulation model to calculate the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port.

[0133] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8-2 As shown, after inputting the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device in step 830, the service quality simulation model performs the following steps:

[0134] Step 8301: Based on the mapping table, convert the input bandwidth of each service flow into the input bandwidth of each queue;

[0135] Step 8302: Calculate the output bandwidth of each PQ queue;

[0136] Step 8303: Calculate the output bandwidth of each WFQ queue with fixed bandwidth allocation;

[0137] Step 8304: Calculate the output bandwidth of each WFQ queue with non-fixed bandwidth allocation;

[0138] Step 8305: Calculate the output bandwidth of each service flow based on the output bandwidth of each queue and the mapping table;

[0139] In this embodiment of the application, the output bandwidth of each queue can be converted into the output bandwidth of each service flow based on a mapping table;

[0140] Step 8306: Calculate the output bandwidth of the target port based on the output bandwidth of each queue;

[0141] In this embodiment, the sum of the output bandwidths of each queue can be determined as the output bandwidth of the target port.

[0142] Among them, under port rate limiting, the scheduling priority of the PQ queue is greater than the priority of the WFQ queue with fixed bandwidth allocation, which is greater than the priority of the WFQ queue with non-fixed bandwidth allocation. Steps 8302, 8303 and 8304 are executed in sequence.

[0143] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8-3 As shown, step 8302 above may include:

[0144] Initialize queue number N to the maximum queue number; where queue number can be denoted as i, 0≤i≤N;

[0145] Initialize the remaining bandwidth of the port = MIN(port line speed, port speed limit); where MIN represents the minimum value.

[0146] Initialize the queue to be computed to all queues;

[0147] When i = N, determine whether queue i is a PQ queue.

[0148] If so, the output bandwidth of the computation queue i (i=N) is calculated as MIN(input bandwidth of queue i, limited bandwidth of queue i, and remaining bandwidth of the port); where the remaining bandwidth of the port can be obtained by subtracting the sum of the output bandwidths of the completed computation queues from the initial remaining bandwidth of the port.

[0149] Remove queue i from the queue to be calculated; calculate the remaining bandwidth of the port = remaining bandwidth of the port - output bandwidth of queue i;

[0150] How to determine if the remaining bandwidth of a port is greater than 0?

[0151] If so, subtract 1 from i and repeat the above steps until the output bandwidth of the entire PQ queue is calculated.

[0152] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8-4 As shown, step 8303 may include:

[0153] Find queues of WFQ type with fixed bandwidth allocation;

[0154] The sum of the fixed bandwidths of the WFQ queues with fixed allocated bandwidth is initialized to 0;

[0155] Determine if all the queues found have completed the calculation.

[0156] If the queues found have not been fully calculated, then calculate the fixed bandwidth of queue i in sequence: (weight of queue i / sum of weights of the remaining queues to be calculated) * remaining port bandwidth; calculate the output bandwidth of queue i: MIN(input bandwidth of queue i, queue limit bandwidth of queue i, fixed bandwidth of queue i).

[0157] If all queues found have been calculated, then remove all queues of WFQ type found from the queues to be calculated and those with fixed bandwidth allocation.

[0158] Calculate the remaining bandwidth of the port = remaining bandwidth of the port - sum of the fixed bandwidth of the found WFQ queues.

[0159] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8-5 As shown, step 8304 may include:

[0160] Find the WFQ type to be calculated and the queue with non-fixed bandwidth allocation;

[0161] How to determine if the queue to be calculated is empty?

[0162] If the queue to be calculated is not empty, then determine whether all queues found in this round have been calculated.

[0163] If the queue found in this round has not been calculated, then the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue i is calculated in turn as follows: (weight of queue i / sum of weights of queues to be calculated) * remaining port bandwidth.

[0164] Determine if the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue i is greater than MIN(input bandwidth of queue i, queue limit bandwidth of queue i). If so, calculate the output bandwidth of queue i = MIN(input bandwidth of queue i, queue limit bandwidth of queue i); remove queues whose output bandwidth calculation has been completed from the queues to be calculated; and proceed to the next round of calculating the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue i.

[0165] The pre-allocated bandwidth of queue i is calculated in multiple rounds according to the above steps until the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue i found in the last round is less than MIN(input bandwidth of queue i, queue limit bandwidth of queue i). At this time, the output bandwidth of queue i found in the last round is equal to the pre-allocated bandwidth of queue i.

[0166] At this point, the remaining bandwidth of the port is calculated as: remaining bandwidth of the port - sum of the output bandwidth of the queues found in this round;

[0167] Determine if the remaining bandwidth of the port is greater than 0. If not, it means that the output bandwidth of each WFQ type queue with non-fixed bandwidth allocation has been calculated; at this point, step 8304 is completed.

[0168] In this way, by using a pre-obtained QoS simulation model, the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port can be calculated through simulation, which is more efficient than the manual calculation method in related technologies. This further assists in the verification of the QoS performance of Ethernet switches, improving the efficiency of QoS performance verification.

[0169] Based on the same concept as the service quality simulation method provided in any of the above embodiments, this application also provides a service quality verification method.

[0170] like Figure 9 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a service quality verification method is provided, which may include:

[0171] Step 910: Obtain the actual value of the output bandwidth of each service flow for the target port of the target device and the actual value of the output bandwidth of the target port;

[0172] Step 920: Obtain the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow for the target port of the target device and the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port;

[0173] The theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of the target port are calculated based on the simulation method of any of the above embodiments.

[0174] Step 930: Verify the service quality performance of the target device by matching the actual output bandwidth of each service flow with the theoretical output bandwidth of each service flow, and by matching the actual output bandwidth of the target port with the theoretical output bandwidth of the target port.

[0175] In step 910, the actual output bandwidth values ​​of each service flow and the actual output bandwidth of the port of the network device can be collected in real time using network analysis instruments or the like. Of course, the actual output bandwidth values ​​of each service flow and the actual output bandwidth values ​​of the target port can also be obtained through other methods, and this application does not impose specific limitations here.

[0176] In step 920, service quality-related parameters of the service quality simulation model can be pre-configured based on service quality configuration information reflecting the service quality policy of the target device. Then, the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port are calculated using the simulation method described in any of the above embodiments. This application does not impose specific limitations herein.

[0177] In step 930, the actual value of the output bandwidth of each service flow can be matched with the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of each service flow, and the actual value of the output bandwidth of the target port can be matched with the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port. The higher the degree of matching, the better the service quality performance of the target device.

[0178] According to the service quality verification method provided in this application embodiment, the actual values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow for a target port of a target device and the actual value of the output bandwidth of the target port are obtained; the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow for a target port of the target device and the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port are obtained; wherein, the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port are calculated based on the simulation method provided in any of the above embodiments; the service quality performance of the target device is verified by matching the actual values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow with the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow, and by matching the actual values ​​of the output bandwidth of the target port with the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of the target port. Thus, by using a pre-obtained service quality simulation model, the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of the target port are calculated through simulation, which is more efficient than the manual calculation method in related technologies. This can further assist in the service quality performance verification of the target device and improve the efficiency of service quality performance verification.

[0179] In one specific embodiment, after verifying the service quality performance of the target device, the service quality verification method provided in this application embodiment may further include:

[0180] Step 940: Adjust the service quality configuration information of the target device according to the service quality performance of the target device.

[0181] It is understandable that for network devices with different service categories, such as multiple target devices with different service flow categories, their QoS policies will also be different. In this case, service quality verification can guide the optimization of their QoS policies.

[0182] Alternatively, for the target device, if at least one service flow on the target port of the target device changes (e.g., at least one service flow is added or removed at the target port) or the input bandwidth of at least one service flow changes (e.g., the input bandwidth of at least one service flow is added or removed) at different time periods, then by verifying the service quality of the target device, the target device can be guided to dynamically adjust or optimize its QoS policy in real time, thereby improving the overall service quality performance of the target device.

[0183] For example, in step 940 above, adjusting the quality of service (QoS) configuration information of the target device based on its QoS performance may include:

[0184] When the service flow of the target port of the target device is updated, the service quality configuration information of the target device is adjusted according to the service quality performance of the target device.

[0185] Thus, in the case of changes in the service flow of the target device, the embodiments of this application can dynamically adjust or optimize the service quality configuration information of the target device in real time based on the verified service quality performance of the target device, thereby improving the overall service quality performance of the target device.

[0186] It should be noted that the service quality simulation method provided in this application embodiment can be executed by a service quality simulation device or a control module within that device for executing the simulation method. This application embodiment uses the execution of the service quality simulation method by a service quality simulation device as an example to illustrate the service quality simulation device provided in this application embodiment.

[0187] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a service quality simulation device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0188] like Figure 10 As shown, the service quality simulation device 1000 provided in this application embodiment may include: an acquisition module 1010 and a determination module 1020;

[0189] The acquisition module is used to acquire the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow for the target port of the target device;

[0190] The determining module is used to input the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device to obtain the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port.

[0191] The service quality simulation apparatus according to embodiments of this application includes an acquisition module for acquiring the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow targeting a target port of a target device; and a determination module for inputting the input bandwidth of each service flow into a service quality simulation model for the target device to obtain the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port. Thus, by simulating and calculating the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port using a service quality simulation model for the target device, the efficiency is higher compared to manual calculation methods in related technologies.

[0192] Optionally, in the service quality simulation device provided in this application embodiment, the service quality simulation model is a model obtained based on the service quality configuration information for the target device. The service quality configuration information includes: the mapping relationship between service flow and queue, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0193] The determining module is specifically used for:

[0194] After inputting the input bandwidth of each service flow into the service quality simulation model for the target device, the service quality simulation model performs the following steps:

[0195] Based on the input bandwidth of each service flow and the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, the input bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues is determined.

[0196] The output bandwidth of each queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of each queue, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0197] The output bandwidth of each service flow is determined based on the output bandwidth of each queue in multiple queues and the mapping relationship between service flows and queues;

[0198] The output bandwidth of the target port is determined based on the output bandwidth of each queue in the multiple queues.

[0199] In this way, by simulating the QoS policy of the target device using a pre-obtained QoS simulation model, the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port under this QoS policy can be flexibly calculated. Since the QoS simulation model is pre-set with QoS configuration information corresponding to the QoS policy, the QoS simulation method provided in this application embodiment can be widely applied to various network devices with different QoS policies.

[0200] Optionally, in the service quality simulation apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application,

[0201] The queue scheduling mode includes at least one of the following: Priority Queue (PQ) scheduling mode and Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ) scheduling mode; when the queue scheduling mode includes WFQ scheduling mode, the quality of service configuration information also includes the weight corresponding to the WFQ queue; the plurality of queues includes at least one of PQ queues and WFQ queues.

[0202] In determining the output bandwidth of each queue among multiple queues based on the input bandwidth of each queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port, the determining module is specifically used for:

[0203] When the plurality of queues includes at least one PQ queue, the output bandwidth of at least one PQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0204] When the plurality of queues includes at least one WFQ queue, the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0205] In this way, the service quality simulation model can support both PQ scheduling mode and WFQ scheduling mode simultaneously. In scenarios where each queue is a PQ queue and / or a WFQ queue, it can assist in verifying the service quality performance of the target device, thus expanding the application scope of service quality performance verification.

[0206] Optionally, in the service quality simulation apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application,

[0207] In determining the output bandwidth of at least one PQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port, the determining module is specifically used for:

[0208] For the at least one PQ queue, the output bandwidth of each PQ queue in the at least one PQ queue is determined in descending order of queue number;

[0209] Wherein, for the first target queue, the output bandwidth of the first target queue is the minimum value between the input bandwidth of the first target queue and the queue-limited bandwidth of the first target queue, and the first target queue is any one of the at least one PQ queue;

[0210] Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue is less than or equal to the initial port remaining bandwidth, wherein the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port.

[0211] In this way, the remaining bandwidth of the port can be allocated to the higher priority PQ queue first, and its output bandwidth can be calculated; then the remaining bandwidth of the port can be allocated to the lower priority PQ queue, and its output bandwidth can be calculated, so that the calculated output bandwidth of each PQ queue conforms to the QoS policy of the target device.

[0212] Optionally, in the service quality simulation apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application,

[0213] The WFQ scheduling mode includes at least one of the following: fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode and non-fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode, wherein the priority of the fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode is higher than the priority of the non-fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode; the at least one WFQ queue includes at least one of the fixed bandwidth WFQ queue and the non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue.

[0214] In determining the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port, the determining module is specifically used for:

[0215] In the case where at least one WFQ queue includes a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the output bandwidth of at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0216] In the case where at least one WFQ queue includes a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the output bandwidth of at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

[0217] In this way, the service quality simulation model can simultaneously support fixed and non-fixed bandwidth allocation options under WFQ scheduling mode. In scenarios where each queue is a WFQ queue (fixed bandwidth allocation) and / or a WFQ queue (non-fixed bandwidth allocation), it can assist in verifying the service quality performance of the target device, thus expanding the application scope of service quality performance verification.

[0218] Optionally, in the service quality simulation apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application,

[0219] In the case where at least one WFQ queue includes a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, in the process of determining the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port, the determining module is specifically used for:

[0220] In the case where the plurality of queues includes a PQ queue and a WFQ queue, the first port remaining bandwidth is determined based on the initial port remaining bandwidth and the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue; the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port.

[0221] For the second target queue in the WFQ queue: the fixed bandwidth of the second target queue is determined based on the weight of the second target queue, the sum of the weights of all WFQ queues, and the remaining bandwidth of the first port. The second target queue is any fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue in the WFQ queue.

[0222] The output bandwidth of the second target queue is determined to be the minimum value among the input bandwidth of the second target queue, the fixed bandwidth of the second target queue, and the queue-limited bandwidth of the second target queue.

[0223] Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all second target queues in the at least one WFQ queue is less than or equal to the remaining bandwidth of the first port.

[0224] In this way, the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be allocated to the higher-priority fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue first, and its output bandwidth can be calculated; then the remaining bandwidth of the first port can be allocated to the lower-priority fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, and its output bandwidth can be calculated, so that the calculated output bandwidth of each fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue conforms to the QoS policy of the target device.

[0225] Optionally, in the service quality simulation apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application,

[0226] In the case where at least one WFQ queue includes a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, in the process of determining the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port, the determining module is specifically used for:

[0227] The remaining bandwidth of the second port is determined based on the initial port remaining bandwidth, the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue, and the sum of the output bandwidths of all fixed-bandwidth WFQ queues in the at least one WFQ queue; the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port.

[0228] For the third target queue in the WFQ queue: Based on the weight of the third target queue, the sum of the weights of each WFQ queue to be calculated, and the remaining bandwidth of the second port, determine the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated; the third target queue is any non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue in the WFQ queue.

[0229] If the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated is greater than or equal to the specified bandwidth of the third target queue, the output bandwidth of the third target queue is determined to be the specified bandwidth of the third target queue; wherein, the specified bandwidth of the third target queue is the minimum value between the input bandwidth of the third target queue and the queue-limited bandwidth of the third target queue.

[0230] If the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated is less than the specified bandwidth of the third target queue, the output bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated is determined to be the pre-allocated bandwidth of the third target queue.

[0231] Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all third target queues in the at least one WFQ queue is less than or equal to the remaining bandwidth of the second port.

[0232] In this way, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can be allocated to the non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue with more pre-allocated bandwidth, and its output bandwidth can be calculated. Then, the remaining bandwidth of the second port can be allocated to the non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue with insufficient pre-allocated bandwidth, and its output bandwidth can be calculated, so that the calculated output bandwidth of each non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue conforms to the QoS policy of the target device.

[0233] Furthermore, it should be noted that the service quality verification method provided in this application embodiment can be executed by a service quality verification device or a control module within that device for executing the verification method. This application embodiment uses the execution of the service quality verification method by a service quality verification device as an example to illustrate the service quality verification device provided in this application embodiment.

[0234] The service quality verification device provided in this application embodiment may include:

[0235] The acquisition module is used to acquire the actual value of the output bandwidth of each service flow for the target port of the target device and the actual value of the output bandwidth of the target port;

[0236] The acquisition module is also used to acquire the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow for the target port of the target device and the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of the target port;

[0237] The theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of the target port are calculated based on the simulation method provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0238] The verification module is used to verify the service quality performance of the target device by matching the actual value of the output bandwidth of each service flow with the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of each service flow, and by matching the actual value of the output bandwidth of the target port with the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port.

[0239] In this way, by using a pre-obtained service quality simulation model, the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port can be calculated through simulation, which is more efficient than the manual calculation method in related technologies. This further assists in the service quality performance verification of the target device, improving the efficiency of service quality performance verification.

[0240] Optionally, the service quality verification device provided in this application embodiment further includes:

[0241] The adjustment module is used to adjust the service quality configuration information of the target device based on the service quality performance of the target device after verifying the service quality performance of the target device.

[0242] In this way, it can guide the optimization of QoS policies in application scenarios with differentiated QoS policies; or guide the target device to dynamically adjust or optimize its QoS policies in real time, thereby improving the overall service quality performance of the target device.

[0243] Optionally, in the service quality verification apparatus provided in this application embodiment, the adjustment module is specifically used for:

[0244] When the service flow of the target port of the target device is updated, the service quality configuration information of the target device is adjusted according to the service quality performance of the target device.

[0245] Thus, in the present application embodiment, when the input bandwidth of the service flow of the target device changes, the service quality configuration information of the target device can be dynamically adjusted or optimized in real time according to the verified service quality performance of the target device, thereby improving the overall service quality performance of the target device.

[0246] The service quality simulation device in this application embodiment can be a device, or a component, integrated circuit, or chip in a terminal. The device can be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device. For example, mobile electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, in-vehicle electronic devices, wearable devices, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, or personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc., while non-mobile electronic devices can be servers, network-attached storage (NAS), personal computers (PCs), televisions (TVs), ATMs, or self-service machines, etc. This application embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0247] The service quality simulation device in this application embodiment can be a device with an operating system. This operating system can be Android, iOS, or other possible operating systems; this application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific operating system used.

[0248] The service quality simulation device provided in this application embodiment can implement the various processes implemented in the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0249] Optionally, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0250] It should be noted that the electronic devices in the embodiments of this application include the mobile electronic devices and non-mobile electronic devices described above.

[0251] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0252] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0253] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0254] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0255] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A service quality simulation method, characterized in that, include: Obtain the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow for the target port of the target device; The input bandwidth of each service flow is input into a service quality simulation model for the target device. This service quality simulation model is based on service quality configuration information for the target device, including: the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, the queue-limited bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port. The service quality simulation model obtains the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port by performing the following steps: Based on the input bandwidth of each service flow and the mapping relationship between the service flow and the queue, the input bandwidth of each queue in the multiple queues is determined. The output bandwidth of each queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of each queue, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port. The output bandwidth of each service flow is determined based on the output bandwidth of each queue in the plurality of queues and the mapping relationship between the service flow and the queue; The output bandwidth of the target port is determined based on the output bandwidth of each of the multiple queues. The service types of each service flow are different. The input bandwidth of the service flow is the bandwidth required for normal service execution. The output bandwidth of the service flow is the bandwidth allocated to the service after applying the QoS policy of the target device. The output bandwidth of the target port is the bandwidth of the target port after applying the QoS policy of the target device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The queue scheduling mode includes at least one of the following: Priority Queue (PQ) scheduling mode and Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ) scheduling mode; when the queue scheduling mode includes WFQ scheduling mode, the quality of service configuration information also includes the weight corresponding to the WFQ queue; the plurality of queues includes at least one of PQ queues and WFQ queues. The step of determining the output bandwidth of each queue in the multiple queues based on the input bandwidth of each queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port includes: When the plurality of queues includes at least one PQ queue, the output bandwidth of at least one PQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port. When the plurality of queues includes at least one WFQ queue, the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the output bandwidth of at least one PQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one PQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port includes: For the at least one PQ queue, the output bandwidth of each PQ queue in the at least one PQ queue is determined in descending order of queue number; Wherein, for the first target queue, the output bandwidth of the first target queue is the minimum value between the input bandwidth of the first target queue and the queue-limited bandwidth of the first target queue, and the first target queue is any one of the at least one PQ queue; Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue is less than or equal to the initial port remaining bandwidth, wherein the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The WFQ scheduling mode includes at least one of the following: a fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode and a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode, wherein the priority of the fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode is greater than the priority of the non-fixed bandwidth WFQ scheduling mode; the at least one WFQ queue includes at least one of a fixed bandwidth WFQ queue and a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue. The determination of the output bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port includes: When the at least one WFQ queue includes a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the output bandwidth of the at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of the at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to the at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of the at least one fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port. In the case where the at least one WFQ queue includes a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the output bandwidth of the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of the at least one non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the at least one WFQ queue includes a fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue, determining the output bandwidth of the at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of the at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to the at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of the at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port includes: In the case where the plurality of queues includes a PQ queue and a WFQ queue, the first port remaining bandwidth is determined based on the initial port remaining bandwidth and the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue; the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port. For the second target queue in the WFQ queue: the fixed bandwidth of the second target queue is determined based on the weight of the second target queue, the sum of the weights of all WFQ queues, and the remaining bandwidth of the first port. The second target queue is any fixed-bandwidth WFQ queue in the WFQ queue. The output bandwidth of the second target queue is determined to be the minimum value among the input bandwidth of the second target queue, the fixed bandwidth of the second target queue, and the queue-limited bandwidth of the second target queue. Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all second target queues in the at least one WFQ queue is less than or equal to the remaining bandwidth of the first port.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the at least one WFQ queue includes a non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue, determining the output bandwidth of the at least one WFQ queue based on the input bandwidth of the at least one WFQ queue, the weight corresponding to the at least one WFQ queue, the queue-limited bandwidth of the at least one WFQ queue, and the port rate limit of the target port includes: The remaining bandwidth of the second port is determined based on the initial port remaining bandwidth, the sum of the output bandwidths of all PQ queues in the at least one PQ queue, and the sum of the output bandwidths of all fixed-bandwidth WFQ queues in the at least one WFQ queue; the initial port remaining bandwidth is the minimum value between the port rate limit and the port line speed of the target port. For the third target queue in the WFQ queue: Based on the weight of the third target queue, the sum of the weights of each WFQ queue to be calculated, and the remaining bandwidth of the second port, determine the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated; the third target queue is any non-fixed bandwidth WFQ queue in the WFQ queue. If the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated is greater than or equal to the specified bandwidth of the third target queue, the output bandwidth of the third target queue is determined to be the specified bandwidth of the third target queue; wherein, the specified bandwidth of the third target queue is the minimum value between the input bandwidth of the third target queue and the queue-limited bandwidth of the third target queue. If the pre-allocated bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated is less than the specified bandwidth of the third target queue, the output bandwidth of at least one third target queue to be calculated is determined to be the pre-allocated bandwidth of the third target queue. Wherein, the sum of the output bandwidths of all third target queues in the at least one WFQ queue is less than or equal to the remaining bandwidth of the second port.

7. A method for verifying service quality, characterized in that, include: Obtain the actual output bandwidth of each service flow for the target port of the target device and the actual output bandwidth of the target port; Obtain the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow for the target port of the target device and the theoretical value of the output bandwidth of the target port; The theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of each service flow and the theoretical values ​​of the output bandwidth of the target port are calculated based on the simulation method described in any one of claims 1-6. The service quality performance of the target device is verified by matching the actual output bandwidth of each service flow with the theoretical output bandwidth of each service flow, and by matching the actual output bandwidth of the target port with the theoretical output bandwidth of the target port.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, After verifying the quality of service performance of the target device, the method further includes: Adjust the service quality configuration information of the target device based on its service quality performance.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the service quality configuration information of the target device according to the service quality performance of the target device includes: When the service flow of the target port of the target device is updated, the service quality configuration information of the target device is adjusted according to the service quality performance of the target device.

10. A service quality simulation device, characterized in that, include: Get the module and determine the module; The acquisition module is used to acquire the input bandwidth of each service flow, wherein each service flow is a service flow for the target port of the target device; The determining module is used to input the input bandwidth of each service flow into a service quality simulation model for the target device. The service quality simulation model is based on service quality configuration information for the target device, including: the mapping relationship between service flows and queues, the queue-limited bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port. The service quality simulation model obtains the output bandwidth of each service flow and the output bandwidth of the target port by performing the following steps: Based on the input bandwidth of each service flow and the mapping relationship between the service flow and the queue, the input bandwidth of each queue in the multiple queues is determined. The output bandwidth of each queue is determined based on the input bandwidth of each queue, the queue limit bandwidth of each queue, the queue scheduling mode of each queue, and the port rate limit of the target port. The output bandwidth of each service flow is determined based on the output bandwidth of each queue in the plurality of queues and the mapping relationship between the service flow and the queue; The output bandwidth of the target port is determined based on the output bandwidth of each of the multiple queues. The service types of each service flow are different. The input bandwidth of the service flow is the bandwidth required for normal service execution. The output bandwidth of the service flow is the bandwidth allocated to the service after applying the QoS policy of the target device. The output bandwidth of the target port is the bandwidth of the target port after applying the QoS policy of the target device.

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