Data transmission method and apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a data transmission method and device, equipment and storage medium, relates to the technical field of communication, and is used for improving the data stream transmission efficiency of an IPTV service and reducing network delay. The method is applied to an operator server, the operator server corresponds to multiple edge routers, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring multicast video data based on a bit index explicit replication BIERv6 protocol of an Internet Protocol version 6; and forwarding the multicast video data to a core router based on a multicast source discovery protocol MSDP and a protocol-independent multicast PIM through the edge routers, wherein the edge routers are routers supporting the BIERv6 protocol, the core router is a router not supporting the BIERv6 protocol, and the core router is a router corresponding to a metropolitan area network. The application is applied to the scene of transmitting the data stream of the IPTV service.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a data transmission method, apparatus, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of multicast technology, interactive personality TV (IPTV) services have been adopted by most users. Specifically, the current data transmission method for live streaming services (a type of IPTV service) uses multicast relay. The operator's central server converts multicast traffic from media companies into unicast traffic for forwarding. This unicast traffic is then forwarded to the metropolitan area network (MAN) via the operator's backbone network. The MAN then converts the received unicast traffic back into multicast traffic, ultimately pushing the live streaming data to the terminal devices.

[0003] In the above method, if both the backbone and metropolitan area network (MAN) circuits between the operator's backbone network and MAN are completely disconnected, the operator's backbone network will be unable to send unicast traffic to the MAN, and terminal devices will be unable to receive multicast traffic from the MAN, thus completely disrupting IPTV services. Furthermore, the process of multicast traffic circling the operator's backbone network and undergoing multicast-unicast-multicast conversions introduces network latency. Therefore, the efficiency of data stream transmission for IPTV services is relatively low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a data transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for improving the data stream transmission efficiency of IPTV services and reducing network latency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] Firstly, a data transmission method is provided, applied to an operator server, which corresponds to multiple edge routers. The method includes: explicitly copying the BIERv6 protocol based on the bit index encapsulated by Internet Protocol version 6 to obtain multicast video data; and forwarding the multicast video data to the core router through the edge routers based on the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) and Protocol Independent Multicast Protocol (PIM). The edge routers are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, while the core routers are routers that do not support the BIERv6 protocol. The core routers are the routers corresponding to the metropolitan area network.

[0007] In one possible implementation, multiple edge routers constitute multiple sets of leaf node routers, each set of leaf node routers corresponding to a different metropolitan area network (MAN). Based on the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) and Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), multicast video data is forwarded to the core router through the edge routers. This includes: for any MAN, based on MSDP and PIM, forwarding multicast video data to the core router corresponding to any MAN through a set of leaf node routers corresponding to that MAN.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the operator server also corresponds to multiple root node routers, which are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol. The data corresponding to the multiple root node routers is backed up to each other. Based on the multicast source discovery protocol MSDP and protocol-independent multicast PIM, before forwarding multicast video data to the core router through the edge router, the method also includes: based on the BIERv6 protocol, forwarding multicast video data to multiple sets of leaf node routers corresponding to different metropolitan area networks through any one of the node routers.

[0009] Secondly, a data transmission method is provided for use in a metropolitan area network (MAN), which includes a core router and a Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS). The method includes: receiving multicast video data forwarded by the operator's server through edge routers via MSDP and PIM, based on MSDP and PIM. The edge routers are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, while the core routers are routers that do not support the BIERv6 protocol. The core router is the router corresponding to the MAN. Based on the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), the multicast video data is forwarded to terminal devices via the BRAS.

[0010] In one possible implementation, before forwarding multicast video data to terminal devices via the BRAS based on the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), the method further includes: forwarding multicast video data to the BRAS via the core router based on the PIM.

[0011] Thirdly, an operator server is provided, which corresponds to multiple edge routers. The operator server includes: an acquisition unit and a forwarding unit; the acquisition unit is used to acquire multicast video data by explicitly copying the BIERv6 protocol based on the bit index encapsulated by Internet Protocol version 6; the forwarding unit is used to forward the multicast video data to the core router through the edge routers based on the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) and Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM). The edge routers are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, and the core routers are routers that do not support the BIERv6 protocol. The core routers are the routers corresponding to the metropolitan area network.

[0012] In one possible implementation, multiple edge routers constitute multiple sets of leaf node routers, and each set of leaf node routers corresponds to a different metropolitan area network (MAN). The forwarding unit is used to forward multicast video data to the core router corresponding to any MAN through a set of leaf node routers corresponding to any MAN, based on MSDP and PIM.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the operator server also corresponds to multiple root node routers, which are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, and the data of multiple root node routers are backed up to each other; the forwarding unit is used to forward multicast video data to multiple sets of leaf node routers corresponding to different metropolitan area networks through any one of the root node routers based on the BIERv6 protocol.

[0014] Fourthly, a metropolitan area network (MAN) is provided, comprising a core router and a Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS). The MAN includes a receiving unit and a forwarding unit. The receiving unit is used to receive multicast video data forwarded by the operator's server through an edge router via the core router, based on MSDP and PIM. The edge router is a router supporting the BIERv6 protocol, while the core router is a router that does not support the BIERv6 protocol. The core router is the router corresponding to the MAN. The forwarding unit is used to forward the multicast video data to terminal devices via the BRAS based on the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).

[0015] In one possible implementation, a forwarding unit is used to forward multicast video data to the BRAS via the core router, based on PIM.

[0016] Fifthly, an electronic device includes: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory is used to store one or more programs, the one or more programs including computer-executable instructions, and when the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to cause the electronic device to perform a data transmission method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0017] A sixth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a data transmission method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0018] This application provides a data transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium applied to scenarios involving the transmission of IPTV service data streams. When IPTV service data streams need to be transmitted, the operator's server can obtain the multicast video data to be transmitted based on the BIERv6 protocol. Then, based on MSDP and PIM, the multicast video data is forwarded to the corresponding core router in the metropolitan area network (MAN) that does not support the BIERv6 protocol via the operator's server's corresponding edge router. This enables the MAN to forward the multicast video data to the terminal device, thus achieving the forwarding of multicast video data. Through this method, when IPTV service data streams need to be transmitted, multicast video data can be forwarded to the terminal device via the operator's server, multiple edge routers corresponding to the operator's server, and the corresponding core router in the MAN. This solves the problem of IPTV service disruption caused by the operator's backbone network being unable to send unicast traffic to the MAN and the terminal device being unable to receive multicast traffic from the MAN when both the operator's backbone network and the MAN are completely disconnected. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for multicast traffic to bypass the operator's backbone network and perform conversions between multicast, unicast, and multicast traffic, thereby improving the data stream transmission efficiency of IPTV services and reducing network latency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an IPTV multicast traffic model provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a data transmission system structure provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another data transmission system architecture provided for embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided for embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided for embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided for embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided for embodiments of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0026] Figure 8A schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided for embodiments of this application. Figure 5 ;

[0027] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an operator server provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a metropolitan area network (MAN) provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device structure provided for an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" and "multiple" refer to two or more. The terms "first," "second," etc., do not limit the quantity or order of execution, and "first," "second," etc., do not necessarily imply differences.

[0032] Currently, IPTV multicast services do not allow the forwarding of multicast traffic by the operator's backbone network. Therefore, IPTV multicast services use multicast relay to propagate multicast traffic. That is, the operator's central server receives multicast traffic from media companies, converts the received multicast traffic into unicast traffic, and then sends the unicast traffic to the operator's backbone network through the operator's core server. The operator's backbone network forwards the received unicast traffic to metropolitan area networks (MANs) in multiple regions. Each MAN then uses a media resource function (MRF) multicast server to convert the unicast traffic back into multicast traffic and forward it to its respective MAN. Finally, the MAN pushes the multicast traffic to the terminal devices.

[0033] In the multicast relay mode of IPTV multicast services, if the dual-backbone transmission link between a regional metropolitan area network (MAN) and the operator's backbone network is completely lost, the operator's backbone network will be unable to send unicast traffic to the regional MAN. Consequently, all terminal devices within the regional MAN will be unable to receive multicast traffic from it, resulting in a complete disruption of IPTV multicast services within that region. This severely impacts IPTV multicast services in the regional MAN and damages the operator's reputation. Furthermore, in this method, multicast traffic needs to traverse the operator's core server and backbone network, requiring multicast-unicast-multicast conversion between the operator's central server and the MAN, which introduces network latency. Therefore, the efficiency of data traffic transmission for IPTV multicast services is low. Additionally, this method requires the deployment of additional MRF multicast servers in each region, increasing the cost of IPTV network expansion.

[0034] For example, the IPTV platform adopts a two-tier architecture, including multiple central servers, multiple cooperative nodes, and multiple edge nodes (corresponding to different geographical regions). Figure 1 As shown, the media company sends multicast traffic to the operator's central server. After receiving the multicast traffic, the operator's central server converts it into unicast traffic and sends it to the operator's core server. The operator's core server forwards the received unicast traffic to the metropolitan area network (MAN) through the operator's backbone network (there are multiple MANs, located in different regions and corresponding to different cities). The MAN uses the MRF multicast server in its region to convert the unicast traffic back into multicast traffic. The MRF multicast server in its region resends the multicast traffic to the MAN. The MAN then pushes the received multicast traffic to the terminal devices.

[0035] This application provides a data transmission method. When IPTV service data streams need to be transmitted, the operator's server can obtain the multicast video data to be transmitted based on the BIERv6 protocol. Based on MSDP and PIM, the multicast video data is forwarded to the core router of the metropolitan area network (MAN) that does not support the BIERv6 protocol via the edge router corresponding to the operator's server. This allows the MAN to forward the multicast video data to the terminal device, thus achieving the forwarding of multicast video data. Through this method, when IPTV service data streams need to be transmitted, multicast video data can be forwarded to the terminal device via the operator's server, multiple edge routers corresponding to the operator's server, and the core router corresponding to the MAN. This solves the problem of IPTV service disruption caused by the operator's backbone network being unable to send unicast traffic to the MAN and the terminal device being unable to receive multicast traffic from the MAN when both the operator's backbone network and the MAN are completely disconnected. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for multicast traffic to bypass the operator's backbone network and perform multicast-unicast-multicast conversion, thereby improving the data stream transmission efficiency of IPTV services and reducing network latency.

[0036] The data transmission method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to data transmission systems. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the data transmission system is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the data transmission system 20 includes: a media company server 21, an operator server 22, a metropolitan area network (MAN) 23, and terminal equipment 24. The operator server 22 includes multiple root routers 221 and multiple edge routers 222, which can form multiple sets of leaf routers. The MAN 23 includes a core router 231 and a broadband remote access server (BRAS) 232. The terminal equipment 24 includes switches (SWs), optical line terminals (OLTs), and set-top boxes (STBs). The MAN 23 is an autonomous system (AS).

[0037] Among them, the media company 21 is used to send multicast video data to the operator server 22, the operator server 22 and the metropolitan area network 23 are used to forward the multicast video data from the media company 21, and the terminal device 24 is used to receive the multicast video data forwarded from the metropolitan area network 23, so as to realize the multicast video data from the media company 21 to the terminal device 24.

[0038] like Figure 3The diagram illustrates another data transmission system architecture. The operator server 22 includes an operator IPTV multicast server 31 and an operator cloud backbone network 32. The operator cloud backbone network 32 includes multiple root node routers 221 and multiple edge routers 222. The operator cloud backbone network 32 is an AS (Autonomous System). The operator IPTV multicast server 31 is used to send multicast video data to the operator cloud backbone network 32, thus enabling the transmission of multicast video data from the operator IPTV multicast server 31 to the operator cloud backbone network 32.

[0039] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a data transmission method is provided and applied to an operator server, which corresponds to multiple edge routers. The method includes S201-S202:

[0040] S201. Obtain multicast video data by explicitly copying the BIERv6 protocol based on the bit index encapsulated by Internet Protocol version 6.

[0041] It is understandable that the operator's server obtains multicast video data from the media company based on the bitindex explicit replication IPv6 encapsulation (BIERv6) protocol encapsulated in Internet Protocol version 6.

[0042] It should be noted that media companies are organizations that provide multicast video data. Media companies need to forward multicast video data to users' corresponding terminal devices through the operator's server so that users can view the content corresponding to the multicast video data through their terminal devices.

[0043] Optionally, the operator server can be an IPTV multicast server, which can correspond to multiple edge routers (provider edge, PE), and the edge routers are routers that support BIERv6.

[0044] It should be noted that the multiple edge routers corresponding to the carrier server are edge routers in the cloud backbone network corresponding to the carrier server. The cloud backbone network is an AS, which refers to a group of networks that use a unified internal routing protocol.

[0045] BIERv6 is a novel multicast protocol. By encapsulating the set of destination nodes for multicast messages as a bit string in the message header, BIERv6 eliminates the need for intermediate network nodes to build multicast distribution trees and maintain stream states for each multicast stream. Instead, it simply replicates and forwards the message based on the bit string in the header. BIERv6 combines BIER with native IPv6 message forwarding, eliminating the need for explicit multicast tree construction and intermediate node state maintenance. This allows for seamless integration into SRv6 networks, simplifying protocol complexity.

[0046] S202. Based on the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) and Protocol Independent Multicast Protocol (PIM), multicast video data is forwarded to the core router through the edge router.

[0047] In this network, edge routers are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, while core routers are routers that do not support the BIERv6 protocol. Core routers are the routers corresponding to the metropolitan area network (MAN). In carrier networks, the network is layered into access layer, aggregation layer, and core layer, with the core router (CR) located in the core layer.

[0048] It is understandable that the operator's server forwards multicast video data from the media company to the corresponding core router in the metropolitan area network through the edge router, based on the multicast source discovery protocol (MSDP) and protocol independent multicast (PIM).

[0049] Correspondingly, the core router of the metropolitan area network receives multicast video data forwarded by the edge routers corresponding to the operator's server.

[0050] It should be noted that MSDP is an inter-domain multicast solution developed based on the interconnection of multiple multicast domains; PIM includes PIM-SM and PIM-DM. Protocol-independent multicast requires the construction of a control plane multicast tree. This multicast tree is used to process the network plane logically into a tree structure to achieve point-to-multipoint data forwarding and loop avoidance in multicast forwarding. The intermediate nodes of this multicast routing protocol, which is based on building a distribution tree, need to maintain the state of complex multicast forwarding information.

[0051] This application provides a data transmission method. When IPTV service data streams need to be transmitted, the operator's server can obtain the multicast video data to be transmitted based on the BIERv6 protocol. Based on MSDP and PIM, the multicast video data is forwarded to the core router of the metropolitan area network (MAN) that does not support the BIERv6 protocol via the edge router corresponding to the operator's server. This allows the MAN to forward the multicast video data to the terminal device, thus achieving the forwarding of multicast video data. Through this method, when IPTV service data streams need to be transmitted, multicast video data can be forwarded to the terminal device via the operator's server, multiple edge routers corresponding to the operator's server, and the core router corresponding to the MAN. This solves the problem of IPTV service disruption caused by the operator's backbone network being unable to send unicast traffic to the MAN and the terminal device being unable to receive multicast traffic from the MAN when both the operator's backbone network and the MAN are completely disconnected. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for multicast traffic to bypass the operator's backbone network and perform multicast-unicast-multicast conversion, thereby improving the data stream transmission efficiency of IPTV services and reducing network latency.

[0052] In one design, multiple edge routers form multiple sets of leaf node routers, and each set of leaf node routers corresponds to a different metropolitan area network. For example... Figure 5 As shown, in a data transmission method provided in this application embodiment, the method in step 202 specifically includes S301:

[0053] S301. For any metropolitan area network (MAN), based on MSDP and PIM, multicast video data is forwarded to the core router of any MAN through a set of leaf node routers corresponding to any MAN.

[0054] In one example, for any metropolitan area network (MAN), a set of leaf node routers corresponding to any MAN in the operator's server can forward multicast video data from the media company to the core router corresponding to any MAN based on MSDP and PIM.

[0055] Optionally, the multiple root node routers corresponding to the carrier server can be dual-plane BIERv6 root nodes. Specifically, the multiple root node routers corresponding to the carrier server are the root node routers in the cloud backbone network corresponding to the carrier server. The interior gateway protocol (IGP) (intermediate system to intermediate system routing protocol (IS-IS)) and border gateway protocol (BGP) need to be enabled in the cloud backbone network.

[0056] Optionally, multiple leaf node routers consisting of multiple edge routers can be city-level dual-plane routers (i.e., city-level dual-plane PE devices), and the root node routers (i.e., BIERv6 root node devices) and edge routers (i.e., PE devices) can forward multicast messages through BIERv6.

[0057] It can be understood that the multiple root routers, multiple edge routers, and multiple leaf routers formed by the aforementioned multiple edge routers can be respectively... Figure 2 It consists of multiple root routers, multiple edge routers, and multiple leaf routers.

[0058] In this embodiment, the operator's server can obtain multicast video data from the media company based on the BIERv6 protocol, and forward the multicast video data from the media company to the corresponding core router of the metropolitan area network based on MSDP and PIM. In this way, multicast video data can directly reach the metropolitan area network through the operator's server without requiring traffic conversion or detours. This achieves IPTV multicast service protection, reduces multicast network latency, and improves the communication efficiency of multicast data transmission.

[0059] In one design, the carrier server also corresponds to multiple root node routers. These root node routers are routers supporting the BIERv6 protocol, and the data across these multiple root node routers is backed up mutually. For example... Figure 6 As shown, in a data transmission method provided in this application embodiment, before the method in step 202 above, it specifically includes step S401:

[0060] S401, based on the BIERv6 protocol, forwards multicast video data to multiple leaf node routers corresponding to different metropolitan area networks through any node router.

[0061] It is understandable that the operator's server, based on the BIERv6 protocol, forwards the received multicast video data to multiple leaf node routers corresponding to different metropolitan area networks (MANs) through the corresponding root node router. Correspondingly, the multiple leaf node routers corresponding to different MANs receive the multicast video data forwarded by the operator's server through the root node router.

[0062] That is, by using the root node router and multiple sets of leaf node routers corresponding to different metropolitan area networks (MANs), multicast video data can be forwarded to multiple MANs, thereby forwarding multicast video data to users corresponding to multiple MANs.

[0063] It is understandable that the root router corresponding to the operator's server can obtain multicast video data from the media company based on the BIERv6 protocol and forward the multicast video data from the media company to the edge router (i.e., leaf node router) corresponding to the operator's server.

[0064] Another data transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 7 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a data transmission method is provided and applied to a metropolitan area network (MAN). The MAN includes a core router and a Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS). The method includes steps S501-S502:

[0065] S501, based on MSDP and PIM, receives multicast video data forwarded by the operator's server through the edge router via the core router.

[0066] Among them, edge routers are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, core routers are routers that do not support the BIERv6 protocol, and core routers are the routers corresponding to the metropolitan area network.

[0067] In one example, the core router in the metropolitan area network can receive multicast video data from the carrier server, which is forwarded by the edge router, based on MSDP and PIM.

[0068] It should be noted that metropolitan area networks can provide... Figure 2 In the metropolitan area network 23, the core router can be Figure 2 The core router 231 corresponds to the metropolitan area network 23, and the edge routers can be... Figure 2 The carrier server 22 corresponds to the edge router 222. The broadband remote access server (BRAS) can be... Figure 2 In the MAN 232, the BRAS 232 indicates that the MAN can be a single AS. A BRAS is a new type of access gateway for broadband network applications. It resides in the aggregation layer of the backbone network and can complete data access to the IP network for users.

[0069] Optionally, edge routers and core routers need to enable static routing. Static routing is a routing method where routing entries are manually configured, not dynamically determined. Unlike dynamic routing, static routes are fixed and do not change, even if network conditions change or are reconfigured. Generally, static routes are added to the routing table one by one by the network administrator.

[0070] S502, based on the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), forwards multicast video data to terminal devices via BRAS.

[0071] Optionally, the metropolitan area network (MAN) uses the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) to forward multicast video data, which is relayed by the carrier server through the core router, to terminal devices via the BRAS. Correspondingly, the terminal devices receive the multicast video data forwarded by the BRAS.

[0072] Optionally, the metropolitan area network needs to forward multicast video data to the Layer 2 network device via BRAS based on IGMP, and then forward the multicast video data to the terminal device through the Layer 2 network device, and the Layer 2 network device needs to enable IGMP.

[0073] Optionally, Layer 2 network devices include switches (SW), optical line terminals (OLTs), etc., where the OLT is a terminal device used to connect to the fiber optic trunk.

[0074] Optionally, the terminal device can be: a digital video converter box (STB), a television (TV), a mobile phone, etc. The terminal device can be... Figure 2 Terminal device 24 in the middle.

[0075] In one example, the BRAS in the metropolitan area network can forward multicast video data forwarded by the core router to the terminal device based on IGMP. The BRAS downlink interface and the terminal device need to have IGMP enabled.

[0076] In a design, such as Figure 8 As shown, in a data transmission method provided in this application embodiment, before the method in step 502 above, it specifically includes step S601:

[0077] S601, based on PIM, forwards multicast video data forwarded by the operator server to the BRAS through the core router.

[0078] Correspondingly, the BRAS receives multicast video data forwarded from the core router, and both the core router and the BRAS need to enable IGP (IS-IS).

[0079] In this embodiment, the core router in the metropolitan area network (MAN) can receive multicast video data forwarded from the operator's server via edge routers, based on MSDP and PIM. The core router can then forward the multicast video data from the edge routers to the BRAS (Blockchain Access Server) within the MAN using PIM. The BRAS can then forward the multicast video data forwarded from the core router to the terminal devices using IGMP. In this way, multicast video data can be forwarded from the MAN to the terminal devices without requiring additional equipment. This reduces the cost of IPTV network expansion.

[0080] In one implementation, when a media company needs to send multicast video data to users, the media company first sends the multicast video data to the operator's server. The corresponding IPTV multicast server in the operator's server receives the multicast video data from the media company. The IPTV multicast server in the operator's server forwards the multicast video data to the operator's cloud backbone network corresponding to the operator's server based on the BIERv6 protocol. The root node router corresponding to the operator's cloud backbone network receives the multicast video data and forwards it to the edge router corresponding to the operator's cloud backbone network based on the BIERv6 protocol. The edge router corresponding to the operator's cloud backbone network forwards the multicast video data to the metropolitan area network (MAN) based on MSDP and PIM. The core router corresponding to the MAN receives the multicast video data and forwards it to the BRAS in the MAN based on PIM. The BRAS in the MAN forwards the multicast video data to Layer 2 network devices based on IGMP. The Layer 2 network devices forward the multicast video data to terminal devices based on IGMP. Thus, users can view the content corresponding to the multicast video data through their terminal devices.

[0081] This application provides a data transmission method that, when both backbone transmission links are completely disconnected, switches the multicast service traffic path to media company - operator server (cloud backbone network) - metropolitan area network - terminal device, thereby protecting IPTV services. The operator server directly transmits the multicast video data corresponding to the media company to the user's terminal device, eliminating the need for traffic to bypass the backbone network. Multicast video data no longer undergoes conversion between multicast traffic and unicast traffic, reducing multicast network latency. Simultaneously, there is no need to deploy an additional MRF multicast server, and by reusing the existing cloud backbone network, no additional equipment is required, significantly reducing IPTV network expansion costs. By adopting the new multicast forwarding technology BIERv6 to forward multicast packets, and considering the BIERv6 support of devices in the network, both new and old multicast technologies are used to achieve multicast packet forwarding, avoiding backbone network bypass and reducing network latency.

[0082] The foregoing mainly describes the solutions provided by the embodiments of this application from a methodological perspective. To achieve the above functions, it includes corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, in conjunction with the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0083] This application embodiment can divide a data transmission method into functional modules based on the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. Optionally, the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0084] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a carrier server provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, an operator server 40 is used to improve the data stream transmission efficiency of IPTV services and reduce network latency, for example, to perform... Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a data transmission method. The operator server 40 includes an acquisition unit 401 and a forwarding unit 402.

[0085] Acquisition unit 401 is used to acquire multicast video data by explicitly copying the BIERv6 protocol based on the bit index encapsulated by Internet Protocol version 6.

[0086] Forwarding unit 402 is used to forward multicast video data to the core router through the edge router based on the multicast source discovery protocol MSDP and protocol-independent multicast PIM. The edge router is a router that supports the BIERv6 protocol, and the core router is a router that does not support the BIERv6 protocol. The core router is the router corresponding to the metropolitan area network.

[0087] In one possible implementation, multiple edge routers constitute multiple sets of leaf node routers, and each set of leaf node routers corresponds to a different metropolitan area network (MAN). The forwarding unit 402 is used to forward multicast video data to the core router corresponding to any MAN through a set of leaf node routers corresponding to any MAN, based on MSDP and PIM.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the operator server also corresponds to multiple root node routers, which are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, and the data corresponding to multiple root node routers are backed up to each other; the forwarding unit 402 is used to forward multicast video data to multiple sets of leaf node routers corresponding to different metropolitan area networks through any one of the root node routers based on the BIERv6 protocol.

[0089] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a metropolitan area network (MAN) provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, a metropolitan area network 50 is used to improve the data stream transmission efficiency of IPTV services and reduce network latency, for example, for performing... Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a data transmission method. The metropolitan area network 50 includes a receiving unit 501 and a forwarding unit 502.

[0090] The receiving unit 501 is used to receive multicast video data forwarded by the operator's server through the edge router based on MSDP and PIM, through the core router. The edge router is a router that supports the BIERv6 protocol, and the core router is a router that does not support the BIERv6 protocol. The core router is the router corresponding to the metropolitan area network.

[0091] Forwarding unit 502 is used to forward multicast video data to terminal devices via BRAS based on Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP.

[0092] In one possible implementation, forwarding unit 502 is used to forward multicast video data to BRAS via the core router based on PIM.

[0093] In the case of implementing the functions of the integrated modules described above in hardware, this application provides another possible structural diagram of the electronic device involved in the above embodiments. For example... Figure 11 As shown, an electronic device 60 is used to improve the data stream transmission efficiency of IPTV services and reduce network latency, for example, for performing... Figure 4 or Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a data transmission method. The electronic device 60 includes a processor 601, a memory 602, and a bus 603. The processor 601 and the memory 602 are connected via the bus 603.

[0094] Processor 601 is the control center of the communication device. It can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, processor 601 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU) or other general-purpose processors. Among them, the general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0095] As one embodiment, processor 601 may include one or more CPUs, for example Figure 11 CPU 0 and CPU 1 are shown in the diagram.

[0096] The memory 602 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the memory 602 can exist independently of the processor 601. The memory 602 can be connected to the processor 601 via a bus 603 and is used to store instructions or program code. When the processor 601 calls and executes the instructions or program code stored in the memory 602, it can implement a data transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0098] In another possible implementation, the memory 602 can also be integrated with the processor 601.

[0099] Bus 603 can be an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus, or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus. This bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 11 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0100] It should be pointed out that, Figure 11 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 60. Except... Figure 11 In addition to the components shown, the electronic device 60 may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0101] As an example, combined Figure 9 The functions implemented by the acquisition unit 401 and the forwarding unit 402 in the electronic device are the same as Figure 11 The processor 601 in it has the same function.

[0102] As an example, combined Figure 10 The functions implemented by the receiving unit 501 and the forwarding unit 502 in the electronic device are the same as Figure 11 The processor 601 in it has the same function.

[0103] Optional, such as Figure 11 As shown, the electronic device 60 provided in this application embodiment may further include a communication interface 604.

[0104] Communication interface 604 is used to connect with other devices via a communication network. This communication network can be Ethernet, a wireless access network, a wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. Communication interface 604 may include a receiving unit for receiving data and a transmitting unit for transmitting data.

[0105] In one design, the communication interface in the electronic device provided in this application embodiment can also be integrated into the processor.

[0106] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional units is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0107] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions. When a computer executes these instructions, the computer performs each step of the method flow shown in the above method embodiments.

[0108] Embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform a data transmission method as described in the above method embodiments.

[0109] The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), registers, hard disks, optical fibers, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing, or any other form of computer-readable storage medium in the art.

[0110] An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside within an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0111] In the embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0112] Since the electronic devices, computer-readable storage media, and computer program products in the embodiments of this application can be applied to the above methods, the technical effects they can achieve can also be referred to the above method embodiments. The embodiments of this application will not be repeated here.

[0113] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to a carrier server, which corresponds to multiple edge routers, the method includes: Multicast video data is obtained by explicitly copying the BIERv6 protocol based on the bit index encapsulated by Internet Protocol version 6; the operator server also corresponds to multiple root node routers, which are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, and the data corresponding to the multiple root node routers are mutually backed up; the multiple edge routers constitute multiple sets of leaf node routers, and each set of leaf node routers corresponds to a different metropolitan area network. Based on the BIERv6 protocol, the multicast video data is forwarded to multiple leaf node routers corresponding to different metropolitan area networks through any node router. Based on the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) and Protocol Independent Multicast Protocol (PIM), the multicast video data is forwarded to the core router through the edge router. The edge router is a router that supports the BIERv6 protocol, and the core router is a router that does not support the BIERv6 protocol. The core router is the router corresponding to the metropolitan area network. The method of forwarding the multicast video data to the core router through the edge router based on the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) and Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) includes: For any metropolitan area network (MAN), based on MSDP and PIM, the multicast video data is forwarded to the core router corresponding to the MAN through a set of leaf node routers.

2. A data transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to a metropolitan area network (MAN), which includes a core router and a Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS), the method includes: Based on MSDP and PIM, the core router receives multicast video data forwarded by the operator server through edge routers. The edge routers are routers supporting the BIERv6 protocol, while the core router is a router that does not support the BIERv6 protocol and corresponds to the metropolitan area network (MAN). The operator server also corresponds to multiple root node routers, which are routers supporting the BIERv6 protocol. The data corresponding to these multiple root node routers is mutually backed up. Based on the BIERv6 protocol, the operator server forwards the multicast video data to multiple sets of leaf node routers corresponding to different MANs through any one of the root node routers. The multiple edge routers constitute multiple sets of leaf node routers, and each set of leaf node routers corresponds to a different MAN. The operator server forwards the multicast video data to the core router through the edge router, including: For any metropolitan area network (MAN), the operator server, based on MSDP and PIM, forwards the multicast video data to the core router corresponding to the MAN through a set of leaf node routers. Based on the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), the multicast video data is forwarded to the terminal device through the BRAS.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before forwarding the multicast video data to the terminal device via the BRAS based on the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), the method further includes: Based on PIM, the multicast video data is forwarded to the BRAS through the core router.

4. A carrier server, characterized in that, The carrier server corresponds to multiple edge routers, and the carrier server includes: an acquisition unit and a forwarding unit; The acquisition unit is used to explicitly copy the BIERv6 protocol based on the bit index encapsulated by Internet Protocol version 6 to acquire multicast video data; the operator server also corresponds to multiple root node routers, which are routers that support the BIERv6 protocol, and the data corresponding to the multiple root node routers are backed up to each other; the multiple edge routers constitute multiple sets of leaf node routers, and each set of leaf node routers corresponds to a different metropolitan area network. The forwarding unit is used to forward the multicast video data to multiple leaf node routers corresponding to different metropolitan area networks through any node router based on the BIERv6 protocol. The forwarding unit is used to forward the multicast video data to the core router through the edge router based on the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) and Protocol Independent Multicast Protocol (PIM). The edge router is a router that supports the BIERv6 protocol, and the core router is a router that does not support the BIERv6 protocol. The core router is the router corresponding to the metropolitan area network. The forwarding unit is used to forward the multicast video data to the core router corresponding to any metropolitan area network (MAN) based on MSDP and PIM, through a set of leaf node routers corresponding to that MAN.

5. A metropolitan area network, characterized in that, The metropolitan area network includes a core router and a broadband remote access server (BRAS), and the metropolitan area network includes a receiving unit and a forwarding unit. The receiving unit is configured to receive multicast video data forwarded by the operator server through edge routers via the core router, based on MSDP and PIM. The edge routers are routers supporting the BIERv6 protocol, while the core router is a router that does not support the BIERv6 protocol and corresponds to the metropolitan area network (MAN). The operator server also corresponds to multiple root node routers, which are routers supporting the BIERv6 protocol, and the data corresponding to these multiple root node routers is mutually backed up. Based on the BIERv6 protocol, the operator server forwards the multicast video data to multiple sets of leaf node routers corresponding to different MANs via any one of the root node routers. The multiple edge routers constitute multiple sets of leaf node routers, and each set of leaf node routers corresponds to a different MAN. For any metropolitan area network (MAN), the operator server, based on MSDP and PIM, forwards the multicast video data to the core router corresponding to the MAN through a set of leaf node routers. The forwarding unit is used to forward the multicast video data to the terminal device through the BRAS based on the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).

6. The metropolitan area network according to claim 5, characterized in that, The forwarding unit is used to forward the multicast video data to the BRAS through the core router based on PIM.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor and a memory; wherein the memory is used to store one or more programs, the one or more programs including computer execution instructions, wherein when the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to cause the electronic device to perform a data transmission method according to claim 1 or any one of claims 2-3.

8. A computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, characterized in that, The one or more programs include instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a data transmission method as claimed in claim 1 or any one of claims 2-3.

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