Pipe end burn resistant flame arrestor

Abstract

The application provides a pipe end burn-resistant fire stopper, which comprises a first connecting cavity, a lower end of the first connecting cavity being provided with a connecting flange; a fire stop unit being installed at an upper port of the first connecting cavity; a second connecting cavity being connected to an upper end of the first connecting cavity; and a burn-resistant unit being installed at an upper port of the second connecting cavity; wherein an effective flow area of the burn-resistant unit is greater than a flow area of the connecting flange and smaller than an effective flow area of the fire stop unit, and a heat insulation cavity is formed in the second connecting cavity between the burn-resistant unit and the fire stop unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flame arrester technology, specifically relating to a pipe-end heat-resistant flame arrester. Background Technology

[0002] During the feeding and discharging process of petrochemical plant storage tanks, or when the external temperature rises, the gas phase pressure inside the tank will increase. To prevent overpressure damage or pressure buildup, a breather valve is generally installed on the top of the tank. When an external ignition source is present, it may ignite the flammable gas exhaled from the tank, causing the flame to propagate back into the tank and trigger a fire or explosion. Therefore, the breather valve needs to have a flame arrestor function. API 2000 recommends that for tanks with a nitrogen seal (or other gas seal) and a gas phase space of Zone 1, the breather valve flame arrestor should be a long-term atmospheric deflagration type flame arrestor with a flame resistance time of not less than 2 hours. All-weather flame arrestor breather valves should be products that have undergone overall flame arrestor testing.

[0003] Existing flame arresters still have some problems. For example, when an external fire source ignites flammable gas, the flame passes directly through the flame arrester, causing it to fail. The flame-retardant function of existing flame arresters mainly relies on several flame-arresting plates. When prolonged combustion occurs outside the flame arrester, since most of the flammable gas exhaled from the storage tank is premixed and has a high calorific value, the flammable gas tends to concentrate on the surface of the flame-arresting plates. The rapid accumulation of heat on the combustion side leads to heat conduction to the protection side, causing backfire, making it easy for the combustion heat to penetrate the flame-arresting plates. Especially after a sudden gas outage, without gas purging, the heat from the combustion side of the flame-arresting plates will accelerate its transfer into the device, igniting the flammable gas inside the flame arrester and causing it to lose its flame-retardant function. This not only affects the normal operation of the breather valve but also poses a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems described above, this invention aims to provide a pipe-end heat-resistant flame arrester that can effectively reduce the accumulation of combustion heat on the surface and reduce the conduction of flame heat, which is very beneficial to improving the long-term heat resistance of the pipe-end heat-resistant flame arrester.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester, comprising: a first connecting cavity, wherein a connecting flange is formed at the lower end of the first connecting cavity; a flame-resistant unit installed at the upper port of the first connecting cavity; a second connecting cavity connected to the upper end of the first connecting cavity; and a fire-resistant unit installed at the upper port of the second connecting cavity; wherein the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit is greater than the flow area of ​​the connecting flange and smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the flame-resistant unit, and a heat-insulating cavity is formed inside the second connecting cavity between the fire-resistant unit and the flame-resistant unit.

[0006] In one embodiment, by adjusting the average characteristic size h of the pores, the cross-sectional area S, and the number of flow pores of the flame-retardant unit and the fire-resistant unit, the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit is made smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the flame-retardant unit.

[0007] In one embodiment, the fire-resistant unit is provided with a flow adjustment mechanism, which is configured to automatically deploy when the fire-resistant unit burns on the outside and reaches a predetermined temperature, thereby blocking the flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit, reducing the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit, and making the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the flame-retardant unit.

[0008] In one embodiment, the flow regulating mechanism is disposed at the upper end of the heat-resistant unit. The flow regulating mechanism is made of temperature memory alloy and includes multiple evenly spaced regulating plates, and the predetermined temperature is not lower than 80°C.

[0009] In one embodiment, the insulating cavity is filled with a gas or material with low thermal conductivity.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second connecting cavity is provided with a heat dissipation mechanism.

[0011] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation mechanism employs a heat pipe, with the heated section of the heat pipe located inside the second connecting cavity and the heat-dissipating end located outside the second connecting cavity.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first connecting cavity is configured to include a flared body with a diameter increasing from bottom to top and a connecting sleeve for connecting the connecting flange.

[0013] In one embodiment, a first support member is provided at the upper port of the horn-shaped body for mounting the fire-arresting unit.

[0014] In one embodiment, a second support member is provided at the upper port of the second connecting cavity for mounting the heat-resistant unit.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first connecting cavity and the second connecting cavity are fixedly connected by a connecting unit, the connecting unit including a fastener and a sealing gasket.

[0016] In one embodiment, a rain cover is provided above the heat-resistant unit. The rain cover is defined by a fusible connector that can melt when combustion occurs on the outside of the heat-resistant unit and a predetermined temperature is reached. The rain cover can automatically pop open after the fusible connector melts.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are: The pipe-end flame arrester of the present invention, by setting the effective flow area of ​​the flame-resistant unit to be smaller than that of the flame-arresting unit, allows the combustible gas to have a higher flow velocity when exiting the flame-resistant unit, thereby increasing the flame height and significantly reducing the accumulation of heat on the surface of the flame-resistant unit. Simultaneously, the flame-resistant units are spaced apart above the flame-arresting units, thus forming a heat-insulating cavity inside the second connecting cavity between the flame-resistant units and the flame-arresting units. This heat-insulating cavity further reduces heat transfer from the flame-resistant units, effectively ensuring the long-term flame-resistant performance of the pipe-end flame arrester. The flame-arresting unit has a large thermally conductive area, further accelerating the dissipation of external heat on the flame-arresting unit side, thereby preventing heat conduction inwards. Furthermore, the flared structure design of the first and second connecting cavities allows the exhaled combustible gas to cool the flame-resistant units, further improving the flame-resistant performance of the pipe-end flame arrester. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 The structure of the tube-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to the present invention is schematically shown.

[0020] Figure 2 The structure of the tube-end fire-resistant flame arrester in Example 2 is shown schematically.

[0021] Figure 3 The structure of the tube-end fire-resistant flame arrester in Example 3 is shown schematically.

[0022] Figure 4 The structure of the tube-end fire-resistant flame arrester in Example 4 is shown schematically.

[0023] Figure 5 The structure of the tube-end fire-resistant flame arrester in Example 5 is shown schematically.

[0024] Figure 6 The structure of the tube-end fire-resistant flame arrester in Example 6 is shown schematically.

[0025] Figure 6a schematically shown Figure 6 The structure of the flow regulation mechanism in the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester shown is illustrated.

[0026] Figure 6b and Figure 6c They are shown schematically respectively. Figure 6a The contracted and expanded states of the flow regulation mechanism.

[0027] Figure 7 The structure of the tube-end fire-resistant flame arrester in Example 7 is shown schematically.

[0028] In this application, all drawings are schematic and are used only to illustrate the principles of the invention, and are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In this application, it should be noted that the directional terms or qualifiers such as "up" and "down" used in this application are all specific to the referenced appendix. Figure 1 The references to this invention are merely for the purpose of facilitating description and simplification, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0031] Figure 1 The structure of the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100 according to the present invention is shown. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the pipe-end flame arrester 100 includes a first connecting cavity 2, a flame arresting unit 4, a second connecting cavity 5, and a flame-resistant unit 7. A connecting flange 1 is formed at the lower end of the first connecting cavity 2 for connection to the main pipeline of the storage tank. The flame arresting unit 4 is installed at the upper port of the first connecting cavity 2. The second connecting cavity 5 is connected to the upper end of the first connecting cavity 2, and the flame-resistant unit 7 is installed at the upper port of the second connecting cavity 5. The effective flow area of ​​the flame-resistant unit 7 is set to be larger than the flow area of ​​the connecting flange 1 and smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the flame arresting unit 4, thereby allowing the combustible gas to have a higher flow velocity when exiting the flame-resistant unit 7, thus increasing the flame height and reducing heat accumulation on the surface of the flame-resistant unit 7. Simultaneously, the flame-resistant units 7 are spaced apart above the flame arresting units 4, thus forming a heat-insulating cavity between the flame-resistant units 7 and the flame arresting units 4 inside the second connecting cavity 5. The heat insulation cavity can further reduce the heat transfer of the heat-resistant unit 7, thereby effectively ensuring that the pipe end heat-resistant flame arrester 100 has long-term heat resistance performance.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the first connecting cavity 2 is configured to include a flared body 21 with a diameter increasing from bottom to top and a connecting sleeve 22 for connecting with the connecting flange 1. Preferably, the flared body 21, the connecting sleeve 22, and the connecting flange 1 are constructed as a single unit.

[0033] A first support member 3 is provided at the upper port of the flared body 21, and the first support member 3 is used to install the flame arresting unit 4. In one embodiment, the upper port of the flared body 21 is constructed as a cylindrical mounting part, and the first support member 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical mounting part. The flame arresting unit 4 is installed in the cylindrical mounting part and supported by the first support member 3. This structure of the first connecting cavity 2 not only facilitates the disassembly and installation of the flame arresting unit 4, but also effectively ensures the installation stability of the flame arresting unit 4.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a second support member 6 is provided at the upper port of the second connecting cavity 5, and the second support member 6 is used to install the heat-resistant unit 7. Preferably, the second support member 6 is constructed as a support plate disposed on the inner wall of the upper port of the second connecting cavity 5 and extending radially inward. The heat-resistant unit 7 is installed on the second support member 6. This structure of the second connecting cavity 5 not only facilitates the disassembly and installation of the heat-resistant unit 7, but also effectively ensures the installation stability of the heat-resistant unit 7.

[0035] According to the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first connecting cavity 2 and the second connecting cavity 5 are fixedly connected by a connecting unit 8, which includes fasteners and a sealing gasket. For example, the upper end of the first connecting cavity 2 and the lower end of the second connecting cavity 5 are provided with mating flanges that can be connected, and the sealing gasket is installed between the two mating flanges. The first connecting cavity 2 and the second connecting cavity 5 are fixedly connected by fasteners, and the sealing gasket is pressed tightly, thereby ensuring that there is no leakage between the two. In order to reduce the heat conduction from the second connecting cavity 5 to the first connecting cavity 3, the sealing gasket is preferably a gasket with a low thermal conductivity.

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, a rain cover 10 can be provided above the fire-resistant unit 7. One side of the rain cover 10 is connected to the mating flange of the second connecting cavity 5 via a reset mechanism, such as a torsion spring. Simultaneously, the rain cover 10 is defined by a fusible connector 9. For example, one end of the fusible connector 9 is fixed to the center of the fire-resistant unit 7, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rain cover 10. Thus, in the initial state, the fusible connector 9 defines the rain cover 10, keeping it directly above the fire-resistant unit 7. This achieves rain protection for the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100 and prevents birds or other creatures from nesting and causing blockage of the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100. When combustion occurs on the outside of the fire-resistant unit 7 and reaches a predetermined temperature, the fusible connector 9 can be melted. At this time, the rain cover 10 can automatically pop open to one side of the fire-resistant flame arrester 100 at the pipe end under the action of the reset mechanism, so as to separate from the combustion side, so that the combustion flame on the outside of the fire-resistant unit 7 can be connected with the outside atmosphere, thereby avoiding the accumulation of heat in the flame on the combustion side.

[0037] According to the present invention, the flame-arresting unit 4 adopts a porous structure. The average characteristic size h1 of the pores in the flame-arresting unit 4 is set according to the flame-arresting medium, and h1 is less than the MESG value (maximum experimental safe gap) of the corresponding combustible gas medium. Preferably, h1 is not greater than 0.85 times the MESG value of the corresponding combustible gas medium. At the same time, the proportion of pores with a value greater than MESG value is ensured not to exceed 10% of the total number of pores, preferably 5%. The cross-sectional area of ​​the flame-arresting unit 4 is S1, the porosity is δ1, and the effective flow area is S 1有 =S1*δ1, S1*δ1>S0, preferably S1*δ1>1.5S0. The axial thickness L1 of the flame arrestor unit 4 varies depending on the flame arrestor and the fire-resistant medium. L1≥10mm, preferably, can be quantified in relation to the MESG value of the corresponding combustion medium, and should satisfy L1≥10 / MESG medium, in mm.

[0038] For common flame arrester ratings, corresponding to typical combustible gas MESG values ​​(maximum experimental safe gaps), the following thicknesses can also be given:

[0039] According to the present invention, the fire-resistant unit 7 also adopts a porous structure. The effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 is smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the flame-arresting unit 4 and slightly larger than the flow area of ​​the connecting flange 1, that is, S0 < S 2有 ≤S 1有 Preferred S0 < S 2有 ≤0.85S 1有 .

[0040] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 can be made smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 4 by adjusting the corresponding parameter relationship between the flame-arresting unit 4 and the fire-resistant unit 7, such as the average characteristic size h of the pores, the cross-sectional area S, and the number of flow pores.

[0041] For example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 can be set to be equal to that of the flame-arresting unit 4, while the average characteristic size of the pores in the fire-resistant unit 7 is smaller than that in the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., S1=S2, h2 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0042] Alternatively, the average characteristic size of the pores in the fire-resistant unit 7 can be set to be equal to that in the flame-arresting unit 4, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 is smaller than that of the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., h2 = h2, S2 < S1, preferably S2 ≤ 0.85S1. This achieves an effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7.​2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0043] Alternatively, for example, the average characteristic size and cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 can be adjusted simultaneously, such that the average characteristic size of the pores in the fire-resistant unit 7 is smaller than that in the flame-arresting unit 4, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 is smaller than that of the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., h2 < h1, S2 < S1. This achieves the desired effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0044] For example, the number of flow pores in the heat-resistant unit 7 can be adjusted, thereby increasing the effective flow area S of the heat-resistant unit 7. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0045] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the fire-resistant unit 7 may be provided with a flow adjustment mechanism 11. The flow adjustment mechanism 11 is configured to automatically expand when combustion occurs outside the fire-resistant unit 7 and a predetermined temperature is reached, thereby blocking the flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7, thus reducing the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7, making the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the flame-retardant unit 3. This achieves a reduced effective flow area S for the fire-resistant unit 7. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown, the flow regulation mechanism 11 can be disposed at the upper end of the heat-resistant unit 7. The flow regulation mechanism 11 is made of temperature memory alloy and includes multiple evenly spaced regulating plates 111, with a predetermined temperature of not less than 80°C, preferably above 120°C. Initially, the regulating plates 111 contract, and the gap between adjacent regulating plates 111 is large, resulting in a larger effective flow area of ​​the heat-resistant unit 7. When combustion occurs on the outside of the heat-resistant unit 7, the regulating plates 111 made of temperature memory alloy expand when the predetermined high temperature is reached, causing the regulating plates 111 to seal more of the flow area of ​​the heat-resistant unit 7, thereby reducing the effective flow area of ​​the heat-resistant unit 7, accelerating the airflow speed, and effectively raising the flame height.

[0047] According to the present invention, the second connecting cavity 5 (i.e., the heat-insulating cavity) is filled with a low thermal conductivity gas or a low thermal conductivity material. The low thermal conductivity gas can be, for example, air. The low thermal conductivity material can be, for example, low thermal conductivity ceramics or other materials with good thermal insulation properties. When combustion occurs outside the burn-resistant unit 7, the air or low thermal conductivity material filled in the second connecting cavity 5 acts as a heat carrier, reducing the heat conduction rate and effectively reducing the transfer of heat from the burn-resistant unit 7 to the flame arrestor unit 4. This ensures that the pipe-end burn-resistant flame arrestor 100 has long-term burn-resistant performance.

[0048] Of course, in an embodiment not shown, a thermal insulation element with low thermal conductivity can also be arranged within the second connecting cavity 5. Preferably, the thermal insulation element can be designed with a small thermal contact area to reduce its thermal conductivity. For example, the thermal insulation element can be in line contact with both the fire-resistant unit 7 and the flame-retardant unit 4 to reduce the thermal contact area and increase thermal resistance. For example, the thermal insulation element can use a 2mm diameter metal wire as the thermal insulation medium.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, a heat dissipation mechanism 13 may also be provided in the second connecting cavity 7. The heat dissipation mechanism 13 may be, for example, a heat pipe, with the heated section of the heat pipe located inside the second connecting cavity 7 and the heat dissipation end located outside the second connecting cavity 7. When combustion occurs on the outside of the fire-resistant unit 7, the heat dissipation mechanism 13 can further reduce the transfer of heat from the fire-resistant unit 7 to the flame arrestor unit 4.

[0050] In practical applications, under normal flow conditions, when the gas medium flows normally, the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100 of the present invention passes sequentially through the connecting flange 1, the first connecting cavity 2, the flame arresting unit 4, the second connecting cavity 5, and the fire-resistant unit 7. Since the effective flow area of ​​the flame arresting unit 4 and the fire-resistant unit 7 is larger than the flow area of ​​the connecting pipe, no additional resistance to gas flow is added.

[0051] Under flame-arresting conditions, the combustible gas medium propagates sequentially through the connecting flange 1, the first connecting cavity 2, the flame-arresting unit 4, the second connecting cavity 5, and the fire-resistant unit 7 into the atmosphere. Upon encountering lightning strikes or other potential ignition sources, combustion occurs. The external flame cannot propagate in the reverse direction due to the flame-arresting effect of the fire-resistant unit 7. Even if the fire-arresting effect of the fire-resistant unit 7 fails, the flame-arresting unit 4 can provide secondary flame-arresting to ensure the flame-arresting function of the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100.

[0052] Under long-term burning conditions, the combustible gas medium continuously propagates into the atmosphere through the connecting flange 1, the first connecting cavity 2, the flame arrestor unit 4, the second connecting cavity 5, and the burning-resistant unit 7. It ignites upon encountering lightning strikes or other possible ignition sources. On one hand, because the effective flow area of ​​the burning-resistant unit 7 is smaller than that of the flame arrestor unit 4, the velocity of the combustible gas as it exits through the burning-resistant unit 7 increases, thereby raising the combustion surface of the burning-resistant unit 7. This prevents heat accumulation on the surface of the burning-resistant unit 7 and accelerates the removal of heat from the combustion side by the circulating air. On the other hand, the burning-resistant unit 7 and the flame arrestor unit 4 are separated by a low-thermal-conductivity insulating cavity, reducing the heat transfer from the burning-resistant unit 7 to the flame arrestor unit 4 caused by heat accumulation during long-term combustion. Simultaneously, the effective flow area of ​​the flame arrestor unit 4 is larger than that of the burning-resistant unit 7, allowing heat from the burning-resistant unit 7 to dissipate more quickly by the flame arrestor unit 4. This prevents the flame arrestor unit 4 from overheating and igniting the combustible gas in the ignition device or pipeline, thus achieving the long-term burning function.

[0053] The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100 according to the present invention is provided with at least one flame-arresting unit 4 and at least one fire-resistant unit 7, and the flame-arresting unit 4 and the fire-resistant unit 7 are spaced apart.

[0054] Of course, the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100 of the present invention can also be applied to the long-term fire resistance of flame-arresting breather valves and flame-arresting breathing valves.

[0055] The following describes in detail the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100 according to different specific embodiments.

[0056] Example 1 Taking the explosion-proof type IIA flame arrester 100 at the pipe end as an example, the flame arrester specification is DN100. The test uses a propane-air mixture. The propane MESG value is 0.95 mm.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the connecting flange 1 has a specification of DN100. The lower dimension of the flared first connecting cavity 2 is DN100, and the upper dimension is DN200. The diameter of the flame arrestor unit 4 is 200mm. The second connecting cavity 5 is constructed with a flared shape whose diameter decreases from bottom to top.

[0058] The flame arrestor unit 4 uses a corrugated plate flame arrestor. Due to processing and other reasons, the center of the corrugated plate flame arrestor has a through hole. In this embodiment, the center hole of the corrugated plate flame arrestor is sealed to prevent flames or combustible gases from passing through. The average characteristic dimension h1 of the pores in the flame arrestor unit 4 is 0.8 mm, and the porosity is 0.65. The axial thickness L1 is 10 mm.

[0059] The lower part of the second connecting cavity 5 is connected to the flame-retardant unit 4, the lower part of which has a dimension of DN200. The upper part of the second connecting cavity 5 cooperates with the second support member 6 to place the fire-resistant unit 7, the upper part of which has a dimension of DN150. The diameter of the fire-resistant unit 7 is 150mm.

[0060] The fire-resistant unit 7 also uses a corrugated fire-retardant plate with an average characteristic size h2 of 0.45 mm and a porosity of 0.55. The axial thickness L2 is 10 mm.

[0061] Therefore, by making the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 smaller than that of the flame-arresting unit 4 (i.e., S2 < S1), and the average characteristic size of the pores in the fire-resistant unit 7 smaller than that in the flame-arresting unit 4 (i.e., h2 < h1), the effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7 is achieved. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0062] In addition, to prevent rain and birds from nesting and causing blockage of the pipe end flame arrester 100, a rain cover 10 can be connected above the flame-resistant unit 7 via a fusible connector 9.

[0063] Compared to commonly used flame arresters (Comparative Example 1), this flame arrester has a specification of DN100 and a flame arresting rating of IIA. The flame arresting unit is identical to the flame-resistant unit, both using corrugated plate flame arresting discs with a thickness of 10mm, a diameter of 150mm, and a characteristic aperture h1 of 0.45mm. Long-term flame resistance tests were conducted using a mixture of n-hexane and air (n-hexane volume concentration of 2.1%). The highest temperature on the combustion side was 850℃, the highest temperature on the protective side during combustion was 98℃, and the highest temperature on the protective side after gas supply was stopped was 376℃.

[0064] Long-term burn-resistance tests were conducted on the pipe-end burn-resistance flame arrester 100 of Example 1 and commonly used burn-resistance flame arresters. The tests were carried out at a certain flow rate, and the temperature changes on the combustion side and the protection side were recorded. After 2 hours of combustion, the gas supply was stopped, and the temperature changes on the protection side were recorded again until the temperature on the protection side began to decrease. The test results are shown in the table below:

[0065] As shown in the table above, when prolonged combustion occurs on the outside of the fire-resistant unit 7, combustible gas continuously propagates from the first connecting cavity 2, the flame arrestor unit 4, the second connecting cavity 5, and the fire-resistant unit 7 into the atmosphere. The flame surface on the outer side of the fire-resistant unit 7 rises, resulting in a significant decrease in the temperature on the combustion side of the fire-resistant unit 7 and the temperature on the protection side of the flame arrestor unit 4 compared to the data in Comparative Example 1. Obviously, compared with existing commonly used fire-resistant flame arresters, the pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester 100 of the present invention significantly improves the long-term fire resistance performance.

[0066] Example 2 like Figure 2 As shown, the second connecting cavity 5 is constructed into a flared structure with the diameter increasing from bottom to top. As a result, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 is greater than that of the fire-resistant unit 4, i.e., S2 > S1.

[0067] Meanwhile, the diameter and thickness of the fire-resistant unit 7 and the flame-arresting unit 4 are set to be the same, and the average characteristic size h2 of the pores of the fire-resistant unit 7 is smaller than the average characteristic size h1 of the pores of the flame-arresting unit 4. Specifically, h2 can be 0.45 mm.

[0068] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0069] Therefore, by making the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 larger than that of the flame-arresting unit 4 (i.e., S2 > S1), and the average characteristic size of the pores in the fire-resistant unit 7 smaller than that in the flame-arresting unit 4 (i.e., h2 < h1), the effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7 is achieved. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0070] Example 3 The average characteristic size of the pores in the fire-resistant unit 7 and the flame-retardant unit 4 is consistent, both being 0.8 mm, i.e., h2=h1. Furthermore, the diameter of the fire-resistant unit 7 is reduced to 140 mm.

[0071] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Therefore, by making the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 smaller than that of the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., S2 < S1, the average characteristic size of the pores of the fire-resistant unit 7 is equal to that of the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., h2 = h1, thus achieving the effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0073] Example 4 The fire-resistant unit 7 employs a multi-module design, specifically, it can utilize four corrugated flame-arresting plates. The flame-arresting plates are connected by a closed structure to prevent gas and flame from passing through. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the fire-resistant unit 7 is formed by multiple corrugated fire-arresting plates, and the center of the fire-resistant unit 7 is a closed structure 71. The second connecting cavity 5 is constructed as a flared structure with the diameter increasing from bottom to top. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 is greater than that of the fire-arresting unit 4, that is, S2 > S1.

[0074] The interior of the second connecting cavity 5 is filled with air or a material with low thermal conductivity.

[0075] Everything else is the same as in Example 2.

[0076] Therefore, by making the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 larger than that of the flame-arresting unit 4 (i.e., S2 > S1), and the average characteristic size of the pores in the fire-resistant unit 7 smaller than that in the flame-arresting unit 4 (i.e., h2 < h1), the effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7 is achieved. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0077] Example 5 The heat-resistant unit 7 is a non-uniform thickness heat-resistant unit.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the heat-resistant unit 7 is constructed such that the thickness of the central region is greater than the thickness of the circumferential edges. Specifically, the thickness of the central region of the heat-resistant unit 7 is 30 mm, and the diameter of the central region is 80 mm. The thickness of other regions is 10 mm, and the overall outer diameter is 150 mm.

[0079] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0080] Therefore, by making the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 smaller than that of the flame-arresting unit 4 (i.e., S2 < S1), and the average characteristic size of the pores in the fire-resistant unit 7 smaller than that in the flame-arresting unit 4 (i.e., h2 < h1), the effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7 is achieved. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0081] Example 6 Taking the explosion-proof rating of type IIA as an example, the flame arrester 100 with pipe end fire-resistant type has a specification of DN100.

[0082] The lower part of the second connecting cavity 5 has a dimension of DN200, and the upper part of the second connecting cavity 5, which mates with the second support member 6, houses the heat-resistant unit 7, which has a dimension of DN220. The diameter of the heat-resistant unit 7 is 220mm.

[0083] The fire-resistant unit 7 also uses a corrugated fire-retardant plate with an average characteristic size h2 of 0.8 mm and a porosity of 0.65. The axial thickness L2 is 10 mm.

[0084] Meanwhile, the heat-resistant unit 7 is also equipped with a flow regulation mechanism 11. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the flow regulation mechanism 11 is located at the upper end of the heat-resistant unit 7, and the flow regulation mechanism 11 is made of temperature memory alloy. Figure 6a As shown, the flow regulating mechanism 11 includes multiple evenly spaced regulating plates 111. Initially, the regulating plates 111 contract, resulting in a larger gap between adjacent regulating plates 111, thereby increasing the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7. When combustion occurs on the outside of the fire-resistant unit 7, as... Figure 6a As shown, the temperature memory alloy regulating plate 111 unfolds when a predetermined high temperature is reached, reducing the gap between adjacent regulating plates 111. This causes the regulating plates 111 to seal more of the flow area of ​​the heat-resistant unit 7, thereby reducing the effective flow area of ​​the heat-resistant unit 7, accelerating the airflow speed, and effectively raising the flame height. The predetermined temperature is not lower than 80°C, and preferably above 120°C.

[0085] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0086] Therefore, by making the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 larger than that of the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., S2 > S1, the average characteristic size of the pores of the fire-resistant unit 7 is equal to that of the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., h2 = h1. At the same time, the flow adjustment mechanism 11 automatically adjusts when the predetermined temperature is reached, thereby realizing the effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 .

[0087] Example 7 Taking the explosion-proof rating of type IIA as an example, the flame arrester 100 with pipe end fire-resistant type has a specification of DN100.

[0088] The lower part of the second connecting cavity 5 has a dimension of DN200, and the upper part of the second connecting cavity 5 cooperates with the second support member 6 to place the heat-resistant unit 7. The upper part of the second connecting cavity 5 has a dimension of DN150.

[0089] The fire-resistant unit 7 also uses a corrugated fire-retardant plate with an average characteristic size h2 of 0.45 mm and a porosity of 0.55. The axial thickness L2 is 10 mm.

[0090] At the same time, such as Figure 7 As shown, a heat dissipation mechanism 13 can also be provided inside the second connecting cavity 7. The heat dissipation mechanism 13 can be, for example, a heat pipe, with multiple interconnected heat pipes evenly arranged within the second connecting cavity 7. The heated section of the heat pipe is located inside the second connecting cavity 7, and the heat-dissipating section is located outside the second connecting cavity 7. When combustion occurs outside the fire-resistant unit 7, the heat dissipation mechanism 13 can further reduce the heat transfer from the fire-resistant unit 7 to the flame-arresting unit 4. On one hand, the air inside the second connecting cavity 5 acts as a heat carrier, reducing the heat conduction rate; on the other hand, the heat dissipation mechanism 13 reduces the heat transfer from the fire-resistant unit 7 to the flame-arresting unit 4.

[0091] Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0092] Therefore, by making the cross-sectional area of ​​the fire-resistant unit 7 larger than that of the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., S2 > S1, the average characteristic size of the pores of the fire-resistant unit 7 is equal to that of the flame-arresting unit 4, i.e., h2 = h1, thus achieving the effective flow area S of the fire-resistant unit 7. 2有 The effective flow area S of the flame arrester unit 4 is smaller than that of the flame arrester unit 4. 1有 Meanwhile, the heat dissipation mechanism 13 further reduces the transfer of heat from the heat-resistant unit 7 to the flame-retardant unit 4 when combustion occurs outside the heat-resistant unit 7.

[0093] According to the present invention, the pipe-end flame arrester 100 with a burn-resistant design achieves this by setting the effective flow area of ​​the burn-resistant unit 7 to be smaller than that of the flame arresting unit 4. This allows the combustible gas to have a higher flow velocity when exiting the burn-resistant unit 7, thereby increasing the flame height and significantly reducing heat accumulation on the surface of the burn-resistant unit 7. Simultaneously, the burn-resistant units 7 are spaced apart above the flame arresting units 4, forming a heat-insulating cavity between the burn-resistant units 7 and the flame arresting units 4 inside the second connecting cavity 5. This heat-insulating cavity further reduces heat transfer from the burn-resistant units 7, effectively ensuring the long-term burn-resistant performance of the pipe-end flame arrester 100. The flame arresting unit 4 has a large thermally conductive area, further accelerating the dissipation of external heat on the flame arresting unit 4 side and preventing heat conduction inwards. Furthermore, the horn-shaped structure design of the first connecting cavity 2 and the second connecting cavity 5 allows the exhaled combustible gas to cool the burn-resistant units 7, further improving the burn-resistant performance of the pipe-end flame arrester 100.

[0094] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0095] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0096] Furthermore, in the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester, comprising: A first connecting cavity (2) is formed at the lower end of the first connecting cavity (2) to form a connecting flange (1); Fire-arresting unit (4) installed at the upper port of the first connecting cavity (2); A second connecting cavity (5) connected to the upper end of the first connecting cavity (2); and A heat-resistant unit (7) is installed at the upper port of the second connecting cavity (5); The effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit (7) is greater than that of the connecting flange (1) and less than that of the flame-arresting unit (4). A heat-insulating cavity is formed inside the second connecting cavity (5) between the fire-resistant unit (7) and the flame-arresting unit (4). The fire-resistant unit (7) is provided with a flow adjustment mechanism (11). The flow adjustment mechanism (11) is configured to automatically deploy when the fire-resistant unit (7) burns on the outside and reaches a predetermined temperature, thereby blocking the flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit (7) and reducing the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit (7), making the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit (7) smaller than that of the flame-arresting unit (4). The flow regulation mechanism (11) is located at the upper end of the heat-resistant unit (7). The flow regulation mechanism (11) is made of temperature memory alloy and includes multiple uniformly spaced regulation plates (111). The predetermined temperature is not lower than 80°C.

2. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, By adjusting the average characteristic size h of the pores, the cross-sectional area S, and the number of flow pores of the fire-resistant unit (4) and the fire-resistant unit (7), the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit (7) is made smaller than the effective flow area of ​​the fire-resistant unit (4).

3. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating cavity is filled with a gas or material with low thermal conductivity.

4. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second connecting cavity (7) is provided with a heat dissipation mechanism (13).

5. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat dissipation mechanism (13) uses a heat pipe, and the heated section of the heat pipe is located inside the second connecting cavity (7), while the heat dissipation end is located outside the second connecting cavity (7).

6. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first connecting cavity (2) is configured to include a flared body (21) with a diameter increasing from bottom to top and a connecting sleeve (22) for connecting the connecting flange (1).

7. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first support member (3) is provided at the upper port of the horn-shaped body (21) for installing the fire arrestor unit (4).

8. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to claim 6, characterized in that, A second support member (6) is provided at the upper port of the second connecting cavity (5) for installing the heat-resistant unit (7).

9. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first connecting cavity (2) and the second connecting cavity (5) are fixedly connected by a connecting unit (8), which includes fasteners and sealing gaskets.

10. The pipe-end fire-resistant flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rain cover (10) is provided above the heat-resistant unit (7). The rain cover (10) is defined by a fusible connector (9). The fusible connector (9) can melt when combustion occurs on the outside of the heat-resistant unit (7) and a predetermined temperature is reached. The rain cover (10) can automatically pop open after the fusible connector (9) melts.

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