A fixture tool for large cylinder blocks and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a clamp tool for large cylinder bodies and a using method thereof. The device comprises a base, a tray mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The tray mechanism comprises a tray platform, tray guide columns arranged at four corners of the tray platform, a tray guide column seat, a push-pull type clamp connected to the tray platform through a screw and a washer unit and a tray positioning block. The clamping mechanism comprises an oil cylinder unit arranged at the bottom, a piston unit arranged on the oil cylinder unit, a second screw rod, a quick-change sleeve arranged on the oil cylinder seat through the second screw rod, a mounting sleeve arranged on the quick-change sleeve, a fixing pin, a pressing arm arranged on the mounting sleeve through the fixing pin, a pressing head connected to the pressing arm through a screw and a top cover arranged at the top end of the clamping mechanism. The cylinder body is fixed through a clamping mechanism with rough guiding, quick change and self-adaptation. The rough guiding and the clamping mechanism are combined together, the structure is simplified and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fixture technology, and more specifically, relates to a fixture for large cylinders and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of traditional large cylinder block clamping, the cylinder blocks being processed are large in volume, heavy in weight, and come in a wide variety of sizes. Therefore, it is usually necessary to design special mechanical clamps to fix and clamp the large cylinder blocks in order to perform various operations.

[0003] In existing technologies, for large cylinders to be processed, high-power hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and grippers are required to complete various actions during the loading / unloading, clamping, and cutting stages. However, several drawbacks remain: 1. Different operations are required for different workpieces, resulting in a complex structure. Furthermore, the irregular shape of the cylinder makes it difficult to guarantee positional accuracy during clamping. 2. High energy consumption is due to the need for high-powered workpieces. 3. Frequently moving or friction-prone components such as the hydraulic cylinder arm, guide block, and pressure head are wear parts and require frequent replacement. 4. Different fixtures need to be customized for cylinders of different heights and inner diameters, which not only increases costs but also reduces production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned deficiencies or improvement needs of existing technologies, this invention provides a fixture for large cylinders. By setting a clamping mechanism and providing a quick-change sleeve on the clamping mechanism, the outer contour of the quick-change sleeve acts as a coarse guide for the cylinder. By combining the coarse guide and the clamping mechanism, the structure is not only simplified, but also the position of the cylinder during the descent process is kept highly consistent with the clamping position, effectively reducing deviation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a fixture for large cylinders, comprising a base fixed to a bottom turntable, a pallet mechanism disposed in the middle of the base, clamping mechanisms disposed on both sides of the pallet mechanism, and a positioning mechanism for positioning the cylinder; wherein...

[0006] The pallet mechanism includes a pallet platform, pallet guide columns located at the four corners of the pallet platform, pallet guide column seats for supporting the pallet guide columns, a push-pull clamp connected to the pallet platform via screws and washers, and a pallet positioning block.

[0007] The clamping mechanism includes a cylinder unit at the bottom, a piston unit on the cylinder unit, a second screw, a quick-change sleeve on the cylinder seat via the second screw, a mounting sleeve on the quick-change sleeve, a fixing pin, a pressure arm on the mounting sleeve via the fixing pin, a pressure head connected to the pressure arm by a screw, and a top cover at the top of the clamping mechanism.

[0008] The positioning mechanism includes a cylinder positioning block, a positioning round pin and a positioning diamond pin for positioning the cylinder pin hole, and a material presence / absence detection device for checking the internal condition of the cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the cylinder unit includes a cylinder seat fixed to the base by screws, a cylinder gasket disposed between the base and the cylinder seat, a cylinder sleeve, and a cylinder end cap disposed on the cylinder seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the piston unit includes a piston connected at one end to a cylinder seat, a piston rod connected at the other end of the piston, and a first screw connected to the piston rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the first screw is provided with a nut, a push block, a connecting block, and an adjusting shim from top to bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting block has a groove in the middle, so that when the spherical pusher contacts the connecting block, it can float adaptively as needed, preventing the first screw from being damaged by excessive shear force.

[0013] Furthermore, the washer unit includes a combination of a spherical washer and a conical washer.

[0014] Furthermore, the base is formed by room temperature casting of mineral castings.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer contour of the quick-change sleeve acts as a coarse guide for the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the actual position of the cylinder when it descends does not deviate much from the clamping position.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a fixture for implementing a large cylinder block, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S100: When the clamp is loading material, the gripper grabs the cylinder and moves it. Oil comes out of the cylinder seat, and the piston drives the piston rod to move downward, thereby driving the nut to move downward. At this time, the pressure arm rotates around the fixed pin.

[0018] S200: The push-pull clamp pushes the entire pallet mechanism upward. When the bottom surface of the cylinder contacts the cylinder positioning block on the pallet mechanism stably, the push-pull clamp and the pallet platform together bear the weight of the cylinder, and the gripper is released.

[0019] S300: The push-pull clamp drives the entire pallet mechanism to move downward. At this time, the outer contour of the quick-change sleeve of the clamping mechanism acts as the coarse positioning of the inner wall of the cylinder, guiding the cylinder to maintain a certain position with the clamping position when it descends. After reaching the bottom position, the cylinder pin hole falls onto the positioning round pin and positioning diamond pin under its own gravity, and the bottom surface of the cylinder contacts the oil cylinder positioning block to complete the positioning.

[0020] S400: At this time, oil enters the cylinder seat, and the piston drives the piston rod to move upward, thereby driving the nut to move upward. At this time, the pressure arm rotates around the fixed pin. At this time, the pressure arm opens, the pressure head presses on the upper end face of the cylinder body, and the bottom surface of the cylinder body will press down the material detection device. The device sends a material signal to achieve clamping of the cylinder body.

[0021] Furthermore, the following steps are required before using the fixture:

[0022] The clamping mechanism and base were subjected to stress and deformation analysis using finite element analysis software to ensure the lightweight design of the fixture under rigid conditions.

[0023] A digital twin of the fixture is created using virtual debugging software. The movement steps of the fixture and the running trajectory of the tool are simulated on the software side to check for interference during loading, unloading, and machining.

[0024] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. A fixture for a large cylinder body according to the present invention, by setting a clamping mechanism and a quick-change sleeve on the clamping mechanism, the outer contour of the quick-change sleeve acts as a coarse guide for the cylinder body, combining the coarse guide and the clamping mechanism, not only simplifies the structure, but also ensures that the position of the cylinder body during the descent process is highly consistent with the clamping position, effectively reducing deviation.

[0026] 2. A fixture for large cylinders according to the present invention, by setting a quick-change sleeve in the middle of the clamping mechanism, can be adapted to different cylinder heights, and the inner diameter can be quickly changed without disassembling the oil cylinder. The corresponding quick-change sleeve can be quickly changed according to the needs of different cylinders.

[0027] 3. A fixture for large cylinders according to the present invention, by setting a pressure arm and a pressure head in the clamping mechanism, will not interfere with the inner wall of the cylinder and the gripper when the pressure arm extends from the middle of the cylinder to clamp to both sides or when the pressure arm is retracted. At the same time, since the pressure arm is shorter and does not interfere with the gripper, the required hydraulic cylinder pressure is smaller, thus achieving lower energy consumption and cost.

[0028] 4. A fixture for large cylinders according to the present invention, by setting a pallet mechanism, replaces the gripper to complete the pin dropping and pin removal action of the last section of the cylinder. The pin dropping action mainly relies on the weight of the cylinder itself, which not only reduces energy consumption, but also prevents the diamond pin and round pin from being crushed when the position is incorrect, thus extending the service life of the equipment.

[0029] 5. A clamping fixture for large cylinders according to the present invention, by setting a spherical push block and a connecting block with a groove in the middle, when the push block moves downward, the spherical push block will enter the groove, which can be adaptively floated according to the actual situation. Through the adaptive floating between the push block and the groove connecting block, the clamping mechanism is effectively prevented from being affected by shearing force during operation, and can more flexibly cope with changes in external force, improve the stability and reliability of the clamping mechanism, and ensure that the screw is not damaged unnecessarily during use.

[0030] 6. A method for using a fixture for large cylinders according to the present invention involves performing stress and deformation analysis on the clamping mechanism and base using finite element analysis software before the fixture is put into use. This reveals the stress distribution, potential stress concentration areas, and possible deformation modes of the fixture under various working conditions. A digital twin of the fixture is created using virtual debugging software, and the movement steps of the fixture and the running trajectory of the tool are simulated on the software side. Interference during loading, unloading, and processing is checked to complete pre-debugging. Through this virtual method, defects or unreasonable aspects in the design can be identified and corrected early, greatly shortening the debugging cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fixture for a large cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view of a fixture for a large cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of a fixture for a large cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pallet mechanism of a clamping fixture for a large cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for using a fixture for a large cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically:

[0037] 1-Base;

[0038] 2-Pallet mechanism, 21-Pallet guide column seat, 22-Pallet guide column, 23-Pallet platform, 24-Washer unit, 241-Spherical washer, 241-Conical washer, 25-Push-pull clamp, 26-Pallet positioning block;

[0039] 3-Clamping mechanism, 31-Cylinder unit, 311-Cylinder seat, 312-Cylinder gasket, 313-Cylinder end cover, 314-Cylinder sleeve, 32-Second screw, 33-Mounting sleeve, 34-Fixing pin, 35-Top cover, 36-Piston unit, 361-Piston, 362-First screw, 363-Push block, 364-Connecting block, 365-Piston rod, 366-Adjusting shim, 367-Nut, 37-Pressure arm, 38-Pressure head, 39-Quick change sleeve;

[0040] 4-Positioning mechanism, 41-Cylinder positioning block, 42-Positioning round pin, 43-Positioning diamond pin, 44-Present / existing material air detection device. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0043] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0044] Depend on Figures 1-4This invention provides a fixture for large cylinders, comprising a base 1 fixedly mounted on a turntable, a pallet mechanism 2 positioned in the middle of the base 1, clamping mechanisms 3 on both sides of the pallet mechanism 2, and a positioning mechanism 4 for positioning the cylinder. The base 1 supports the pallet mechanism, positioning mechanism, and clamping mechanism, ensuring the stability of the entire fixture. The base 1 is cast at room temperature using mineral castings with pre-embedded pipes, exhibiting good self-sealing properties and avoiding the porosity and cavity expansion common in cast iron parts. Furthermore, the mineral casting base provides strong vibration absorption and high stability, improving tool life, reducing tool replacement frequency, saving energy and costs, and minimizing pollution from room temperature casting. The pallet mechanism 2 supports the cylinder. During loading, a gripper moves the cylinder onto the pallet mechanism 2, which then moves to a suitable position for further processing. The clamping mechanism 3 clamps the cylinder and must work in conjunction with the pallet mechanism to ensure the cylinder's stability. The clamping mechanism is equipped with a quick-change sleeve. The outer contour of the quick-change sleeve acts as a coarse guide for the cylinder body. Combining the coarse guide and the clamping mechanism not only simplifies the structure but also ensures that the position of the cylinder body during descent is highly consistent with the clamping position, effectively reducing deviation.

[0045] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the pallet mechanism 2 includes a pallet platform 23, pallet guide posts 22 located at the four corners of the pallet platform 23, pallet guide post seats 21 for supporting the pallet guide posts 22, a push-pull clamp 25 connected to the pallet platform 23 by screws and washers 24, and a pallet positioning block 26; the pallet platform 23 is generally square, with chamfered corners at the four edges, and trapezoidal notches in all four directions. The trapezoidal notches near the clamping mechanism 3 are smaller, while the trapezoidal notches on the other two sides are larger. A cylinder positioning block is provided at the notch, which enhances the load-bearing capacity of the pallet. The pallet guide column seat 21 is fixed to the base 1 with screws. There are 4 pallet guide column seats 21, which are respectively located at the four corners of the pallet platform 23. A pallet guide column 22 is provided in the middle of each pallet guide column seat 21. The pallet guide column 22 is fixed to the pallet platform 23 with screws. It can be understood that there are also 4 pallet guide columns 22. Through the connection between the pallet guide column 22 and the pallet guide column seat 21, a stable connection between the base 1 and the pallet platform 23 is achieved.

[0046] The push-pull clamp 25 is fixed to the base 1, and its position is exactly at the center of the pallet platform 23. The push-pull clamp 25 passes through the pallet platform 23 and is fixed to the pallet platform 23 by screws at the top. A washer unit 24 is provided between the screw and the push-pull clamp 25. The washer unit includes a spherical washer 241 and a conical washer 242. The spherical washer is mainly used for stable support and load distribution. It can withstand radial loads and make the lubricating oil evenly coated on the bearing surface, thereby reducing friction and wear. The conical washer is a special-shaped washer with a conical inner circumference. When fasteners are connected, the conical washer can provide a larger contact area, distribute the load, and increase the stability of the connection.

[0047] In the specific working process, the push-pull clamp 25 is not only responsible for pushing the entire pallet platform 23 to move up and down, but also ensures that the cylinder can move up and down stably. The push-pull clamp 25 and the pallet platform 23 form a highly efficient working system, which greatly improves production efficiency.

[0048] The pallet positioning block 26 is provided on the pallet platform 23. There are four pallet positioning blocks 26, which are located at the four corners of the pallet platform 26 respectively, and are used to support the cylinder. The layout of the four corners not only increases the support area of ​​the cylinder, but also further ensures the stability of the cylinder after it falls onto the pallet platform.

[0049] The tray positioning block 26 is equipped with an adjustment shim. When the cylinder body is not positioned accurately, the adjustment shim can be adjusted accordingly by grinding, which further improves the production accuracy.

[0050] Optionally, the pallet guide column seat 21, pallet guide column 22, pallet platform 23, and pallet positioning block 26 are all made of advanced reinforced continuous carbon fiber material, formed by precision 3D printing technology. This material has a maximum tensile strength of up to 800MPa, ensuring the strength and durability of the product. In addition, 3D printing technology is fast, low-cost, lightweight, and consumes little energy during production. Moreover, it can be used immediately after printing, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0051] In this embodiment, by setting up a tray mechanism 2, the pin dropping and pin removal actions of the last section of the cylinder are completed instead of the gripper. The pin dropping action mainly relies on the weight of the cylinder itself, which reduces energy consumption and prevents the positioning diamond pin and positioning round pin from being crushed when the position is incorrect, thus extending the service life of the equipment.

[0052] The clamping mechanism 3 includes a cylinder unit 31 at the bottom, a piston unit 36 ​​on the cylinder unit 31, a second screw 32, a quick-change sleeve 39 on the cylinder seat 311 via the second screw 32, a mounting sleeve 33 on the quick-change sleeve 39, a fixing pin 34, a pressure arm 37 on the mounting sleeve 33 via the fixing pin 34, a pressure head 38 connected to the pressure arm 37 by screws, and a top cover 35 at the top of the clamping mechanism 3.

[0053] The cylinder unit 31 includes a cylinder seat 311 fixed to the base 1 by screws, a cylinder gasket 312 disposed between the base 1 and the cylinder seat 311, a cylinder sleeve 314, and a cylinder end cap 313 disposed on the cylinder seat 311. The cylinder seat 311 is disposed on both sides of the tray platform 23, and its connection with the base 1 is uniform and tight to ensure its stability and prevent loosening or falling off during use. Therefore, it can be known that the surface of the base 1 should be flat and free from obvious defects such as dents, cracks, etc. The cylinder seat 311 is also provided with a cylinder gasket 312 between the cylinder seat 311 and the base 1. The cylinder gasket 312 is mainly used to facilitate the disassembly of the cylinder sleeve 314. The gap between the cylinder sleeve 314 and the base 1 is very small. At this time, the cylinder sleeve 314 can be slowly squeezed out by rotating a screw through the thread in the cylinder gasket 312, which facilitates the replacement of parts. Meanwhile, in the hydraulic system, the reciprocating motion of the piston and the action of the fluid may generate some noise. The softness and elasticity of the cylinder gasket 312 can absorb some of the noise. In addition, during operation, the piston may generate a large impact force due to sudden start or stop. This impact force may damage the hydraulic cylinder and the base 1. The cylinder gasket 312 is made of elastic material and can absorb some of the impact force, playing a buffering role, thereby protecting the hydraulic cylinder and the base 1 from damage.

[0054] Both the cylinder liner 314 and the cylinder end cap 313 are mounted on the cylinder seat 311 to prevent hydraulic oil leakage. The cylinder liner 314 directly bears the high pressure and friction from inside the cylinder, so it needs to be made of a wear-resistant material to withstand the high pressure and friction and ensure the normal operation of the cylinder. At the same time, there is lubricating oil on the cylinder liner 314. During the operation of the cylinder, the lubricating oil can be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the cylinder liner to form a protective film, effectively reducing direct contact and thus reducing wear.

[0055] The piston unit 36 ​​includes a piston 361 connected to a cylinder seat 311 at one end, a piston rod 365 connected to the other end of the piston 361, and a first screw 362 connected to the piston rod 365. One end of the piston 361 is connected to the cylinder seat 311, and the other end is connected to the piston rod 365. The other end of the piston rod 365 is connected to the first screw 362. The first screw 362 is provided with a nut 367, a push block 363, a connecting block 364, and an adjusting shim 366 from top to bottom. In the working state, when the piston moves, the piston rod will move accordingly, thereby driving the nut 367 and the push block 363 on the first screw 362 to move linearly.

[0056] The push block 363 is spherical, and the connecting block 364 has a groove in the middle, so that the spherical push block 363 can float adaptively when it contacts the connecting block 364, preventing the first screw 362 from being damaged by excessive shear force. The nut 367 plays the role of pushing the pressure arm 37 in the hydraulic cylinder, so that the pressure arm can rotate around the fixed pin. This rotational movement can not only prevent the pressure arm 37 from interfering with the inner wall of the cylinder, but also effectively clamp the cylinder when adjusting the position of the pressure head 38.

[0057] The quick-change sleeve 39 can be installed and removed quickly and easily. The second screw 32 mounts the quick-change sleeve 39 onto the cylinder seat. At this time, the outer contour of the quick-change sleeve acts as a coarse guide for the inner wall of the cylinder. This means that the function of the coarse guide is extended to the quick-change sleeve, giving it a guiding function. The material of the quick-change sleeve 39 has high requirements for wear resistance and corrosion resistance because, in actual operation, the quick-change sleeve 39 will rub against the piston rod 365. If its material is not wear-resistant or corrosion-resistant, it will easily cause wear or corrosion, thereby affecting the normal operation and service life of the cylinder. The coarse guide plays a crucial role in workpiece clamping, guiding the workpiece to move in the normal working position and ensuring that the workpiece maintains the correct position throughout the entire processing.

[0058] The pressure arm 37 is located on the upper part of the clamping mechanism 3 and is fixed to the mounting sleeve 33 by the fixing pin 34. The pressure head 38 is located on the lower end face of the pressure arm, and the top cover 35 is located on the top of the clamping mechanism 3. During operation, the piston 361 works, pushing the piston rod 365 to move, thereby moving the nut 367, the push block 363 and the connecting block 364 together. When the piston rod 365 moves downward, the nut pushes the pressure arm 37 to rotate counterclockwise around the fixing pin 34; conversely, when the piston rod 365 moves upward, the pressure arm 37 will be pushed back to its original position by the push block 363.

[0059] Optionally, the pressure arm 37, pressure head 38, and quick-change sleeve 39 are manufactured using 3D printing technology, which can reduce weight and energy consumption while also lowering costs, increasing manufacturing speed, and thus improving work efficiency.

[0060] Compared to traditional manufacturing methods, 3D printing technology reduces cumbersome processes and mold-making costs, enabling the rapid and accurate production of complex designs. This not only shortens time-to-market but also brings higher production efficiency to businesses.

[0061] The positioning mechanism 4 includes a cylinder positioning block 41, a positioning round pin 42 and a positioning diamond pin 43 for positioning the cylinder pin hole, and a material presence / absence detection device 44 for checking the internal condition of the cylinder.

[0062] There are 6 cylinder positioning blocks 41, which are fixed to the base 1 by screws. Each cylinder positioning block 41 is equipped with an adjustment pad. The positioning pin 42 is equipped with a pin sleeve and a pin puller. When the pallet platform moves down, the cylinder is positioned by its own weight, and the pin hole falls onto the positioning pin 42 and the positioning diamond pin 43 to achieve high-precision processing requirements. The material presence / absence gas detection device 44 is fixed to the base 1. When the cylinder falls to the base, the bottom surface of the cylinder will press against the pressure head of the material presence / absence gas detection device 44, thereby causing the material absence gas detection device 44 to send a signal.

[0063] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When loading is required, the gripper grasps the cylinder body and moves it towards the fixture. At this time, oil is released from the cylinder seat 311, and the piston 361 drives the piston rod 365 to move downward, which in turn drives the first screw 362, nut 367, push block 363, connecting block 364, and adjusting pad 366 to move downward. The nut 367 will squeeze the pressure arm 37 to rotate counterclockwise around the fixing pin 34. At this time, the pressure arm 37 is open and will not interfere with the inner wall of the cylinder. At the same time, the push-pull clamp 25 pushes the pallet platform 23 to move upward as a whole. When the bottom surface of the cylinder body contacts the pallet positioning block 26 on the pallet platform 23 and stabilizes, the gripper is released. At this time, the push-pull clamp 25 and the pallet platform 23 begin to bear the weight of the cylinder body. The push-pull clamp 25 begins to drive the pallet platform 23 to move downward as a whole. After reaching the preset position, the cylinder body, under its own weight, has the pin hole fall onto the positioning round pin 42 and positioning diamond pin 43. At this time, the cylinder seat 311 begins to receive oil, and the piston 361 drives the piston rod 365 to move upward, which in turn drives the first screw 362, nut 367, push block 363, connecting block 364, and adjusting shim 366 to move upward. At this time, the push block 363 will push the pressure arm 37 to move clockwise until it is pushed to the preset position. At this time, the pressure head 38 presses on the upper end face of the cylinder body, and the lower end face of the bottom surface of the cylinder body falls onto the cylinder body positioning block 41. At the same time, the bottom surface of the cylinder body will squeeze the no-material air detection device 44, thereby sending a signal, and the clamping device completes the clamping of the cylinder body.

[0064] In another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for using a fixture for large cylinder blocks, comprising the following steps:

[0065] S100: When the clamp is loading material, the gripper grabs the cylinder body and moves it. Oil is discharged from the cylinder seat 311, and the piston 361 drives the piston rod 365 to move downward, thereby driving the nut 367 to move downward. At this time, the pressure arm 37 rotates around the fixed pin 34.

[0066] S200: The push-pull clamp 25 pushes the pallet mechanism 2 to move upward as a whole. When the bottom surface of the cylinder body is in stable contact with the cylinder body positioning block 41 on the pallet mechanism 2, the push-pull clamp 25 and the pallet platform 23 together bear the weight of the cylinder body, and the gripper is released.

[0067] S300: The push-pull clamp 25 drives the tray mechanism 2 to move downward as a whole. At this time, the outer contour of the quick-change sleeve 33 of the clamping mechanism 3 acts as the coarse positioning of the inner wall of the cylinder, guiding the cylinder to descend while keeping the actual position and the clamping position constant. After reaching the bottom position, the cylinder pin hole falls onto the positioning round pin 42 and positioning diamond pin 43 under its own gravity. The bottom surface of the cylinder contacts the oil cylinder positioning block 41, completing the positioning.

[0068] S400: At this time, oil enters the cylinder seat 311, and the piston 361 drives the piston rod 365 to move upward, thereby driving the nut 367 to move upward. At this time, the pressure arm 37 rotates around the fixed pin 34. At this time, the pressure arm 37 opens, and the pressure head 38 presses on the upper end face of the cylinder body. The bottom surface of the cylinder body will be pressed down by the no-material air detection device 44. The device sends a material signal to achieve clamping of the cylinder body.

[0069] The following steps are required before using the fixture:

[0070] The clamping mechanism and base were subjected to stress and deformation analysis using finite element analysis software to ensure the lightweight design of the fixture under rigid conditions.

[0071] A digital twin of the fixture is created using virtual debugging software. The movement steps of the fixture and the running trajectory of the tool are simulated on the software side to check for interference during loading, unloading, and machining.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for large cylinder blocks, characterized in that, It includes a base (1) fixed to the bottom turntable, a tray mechanism (2) located in the middle of the base (1), clamping mechanisms (3) located on both sides of the tray mechanism (2), and a positioning mechanism (4) for positioning the cylinder; wherein, The pallet mechanism (2) includes a pallet platform (23), pallet guide columns (22) located at the four corners of the pallet platform (23), pallet guide column seats (21) for supporting the pallet guide columns (22), push-pull clamps (25) connected to the pallet platform (23) by screws and washers (24), and pallet positioning blocks (26). The clamping mechanism (3) includes a cylinder unit (31) at the bottom, a piston unit (36) on the cylinder unit (31), a second screw (32), a quick-change sleeve (39) on the cylinder seat (311) via the second screw (32), a mounting sleeve (33) on the quick-change sleeve (39), a fixing pin (34), a pressure arm (37) on the mounting sleeve (33) via the fixing pin (34), a pressure head (38) connected to the pressure arm (37) by a screw, and a top cover (35) at the top of the clamping mechanism (3); the outer contour of the quick-change sleeve (39) acts as a coarse guide for the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the actual position of the cylinder when it descends is not much different from the clamping position; The positioning mechanism (4) includes a cylinder positioning block (41), a positioning round pin (42) and a positioning diamond pin (43) for positioning the cylinder pin hole, and a material presence / absence detection device (44) for checking the internal condition of the cylinder.

2. The fixture for a large cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder unit (31) includes a cylinder seat (311) fixed to the base (1) by screws, a cylinder gasket (312) disposed between the base (1) and the cylinder seat (311), a cylinder sleeve (314), and a cylinder end cap (313) disposed on the cylinder seat (311).

3. A fixture for large cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston unit (36) includes a piston (361) connected to a cylinder seat (311) at one end, a piston rod (365) connected to the other end of the piston, and a first screw (362) connected to the piston rod (365).

4. A fixture for a large cylinder block according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first screw (362) is provided with a nut (367), a push block (363), a connecting block (364) and an adjusting pad (366) from top to bottom.

5. A fixture for a large cylinder block according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting block (364) has a groove in the middle, so that when the spherical push block (363) contacts the connecting block (364), it floats adaptively according to the needs, preventing the first screw (362) from being damaged by excessive shearing force.

6. A fixture for a large cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that, The washer unit (24) includes a spherical washer (241) and a conical washer (242) used in combination.

7. A fixture for a large cylinder block according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) is cast at room temperature using mineral castings.

8. A method of using a fixture for large cylinder blocks, characterized in that, The application of a fixture for large cylinder blocks as described in any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: S100: When the clamp is loading material, the gripper grabs the cylinder body and moves it. Oil comes out of the cylinder seat (311), and the piston (361) drives the piston rod (365) to move downward, thereby driving the nut (367) to move downward. At this time, the pressure arm (37) rotates around the fixed pin (34). S200: The push-pull clamp (25) pushes the pallet mechanism (2) to move upward as a whole. When the bottom surface of the cylinder is in stable contact with the cylinder positioning block (41) on the pallet mechanism (2), the push-pull clamp (25) and the pallet platform (23) together bear the weight of the cylinder, and the gripper is released. S300: The push-pull clamp (25) drives the tray mechanism (2) to move downward as a whole. At this time, the outer contour of the quick-change sleeve (39) of the clamping mechanism (3) acts as the coarse positioning of the inner wall of the cylinder, guiding the cylinder to descend while the actual position and the clamping position remain constant. After reaching the bottom position, the cylinder pin hole falls onto the positioning round pin (42) and positioning diamond pin (43) under its own gravity. The bottom surface of the cylinder contacts the cylinder positioning block (41) to complete the positioning. S400: At this time, oil enters the cylinder seat (311), the piston (361) drives the piston rod (365) to move upward, thereby driving the nut (367) to move upward. At this time, the pressure arm (37) rotates around the fixed pin (34). At this time, the pressure arm (37) opens, the pressure head (38) presses on the upper end face of the cylinder, and the bottom surface of the cylinder will be pressed down by the no-material air detection device (44). The device sends a material signal to achieve clamping of the cylinder.

9. The method of using a fixture for large cylinders according to claim 8, characterized in that, The following steps are required before using the fixture: The clamping mechanism and base were subjected to stress and deformation analysis using finite element analysis software to ensure the lightweight design of the fixture under rigid conditions. A digital twin of the fixture is created using virtual debugging software. The movement steps of the fixture and the running trajectory of the tool are simulated on the software side to check for interference during loading, unloading, and machining.

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