A rigid-flexible coupling variable camber wing leading edge mechanism

Abstract

This invention discloses a rigid-flexible coupled variable camber wing leading edge mechanism, relating to the field of wing technology. It includes a leading edge support plate, a leading edge flexible skin, a leading edge deformation assembly, and a drive assembly. The variable camber leading edge mechanism has only one degree of freedom, controlled solely by the rotation of the drive shaft. It can control the leading edge to maintain a desired angle within the deflection range, and its simple structure is beneficial for wing lightweighting and drive reliability. The Watt's six-bar linkage can meet the motion trajectory requirements of different longitudinal beams during the deformation process within the leading edge airfoil, enabling accurate deformation of the wing's leading edge flexible skin. The drive assembly adopts a worm gear design, which can achieve a self-locking function after deformation, improving the load-bearing capacity of the wing in the deformed state. The leading edge deformation assembly adopts a symmetrical design, with unified symmetry planes for each drive rod, support seat, and longitudinal beam, effectively reducing out-of-plane bending moments. It eliminates the need for additional load-transfer structures, leaving ample design space for other internal wing structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wing technology, and more specifically to a rigid-flexible coupled variable camber wing leading edge mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional aircraft structures are designed for optimal flight conditions under specific circumstances, such as cruise, takeoff, and landing. However, actual flight conditions are far more complex and diverse, demanding higher maneuverability and lower fuel consumption and noise while fulfilling flight missions. Variable-camber wings are suitable for a wider range of flight conditions and can adapt their aerodynamic shape to changes in the external aerodynamic environment, thereby achieving better dynamic characteristics, such as increased lift and reduced drag. Leading-edge droop is a type of variable-camber wing that increases the stall angle of attack at low speeds by adjusting the angle of droop, thus improving lift and maneuverability.

[0003] Traditional leading-edge flaps, with their rails and guide slots not covered by the skin and exposed to the air, are detrimental to the aerodynamic performance of the wing during flight. Moreover, for mechanisms requiring precise deformation, complexity is directly proportional to precision, and the more complex the structure, the heavier the wing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rigid-flexible coupled variable camber wing leading edge mechanism, which solves the problems of traditional wings being exposed to the air and having complex wing structures.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution: The present invention includes a leading edge support plate, a leading edge flexible skin, a leading edge deformation component and a driving component. The leading edge deformation component is disposed on the leading edge support plate, the leading edge flexible skin is disposed on the outside of the leading edge deformation component, and the driving component is disposed on the inside of the leading edge deformation component. The driving component controls the deformation of the leading edge deformation component.

[0006] The leading edge deformation assembly includes a first link, a second link, a third link, a fourth link, and a fifth link. The fifth link is rotatably connected to the fourth link, the third link is rotatably connected to the fourth link, the third link is rotatably connected to the second link, the fourth link is rotatably connected to the first link, the first link is slidably connected to the second link, the fifth link is rotatably connected to the leading edge support plate, and the first link is rotatably connected to the leading edge support plate. The leading edge deformation assembly is a single-degree-of-freedom assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, both the first and fourth connecting rods are triangular members, each with a first angle, a second angle, and a third angle. The first connecting rod includes a first short side, a second short side, and a long side. The length of the first short side is less than the length of the second short side. The first short side and the second short side of the first connecting rod form a first angle, the second short side and the long side of the first connecting rod form a second angle, and the first short side and the long side of the first connecting rod form a third angle. One end of the fifth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first angle of the fourth connecting rod, and the other end of the fifth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the front edge support plate. The second angle of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod, and the third angle of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first angle of the first connecting rod. The second connecting rod is slidably connected to the long side of the first connecting rod near the second angle via a pin. The second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod, and the third angle of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the front edge support plate.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes an upper support seat and a lower support seat, both of which are connected to the front edge support plate. The fifth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper support seat, and the first driving rod is rotatably connected to the lower support seat.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal beam, with the second drive rod connected to the upper longitudinal beam, the first drive rod connected to the lower longitudinal beam, and the front end of the leading edge flexible skin connected to the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a drive structure, a first transmission structure, and a second transmission structure. The drive structure is connected to the leading edge support plate, the first transmission structure is connected to the drive structure, the drive structure controls the first transmission structure, and the second transmission structure is connected to the first transmission structure. The first transmission structure and the second transmission structure are connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive structure includes a motor and a coupling, the motor is connected to the front edge support plate, the input shaft of the coupling is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the first transmission structure is connected to the output shaft of the coupling.

[0012] Furthermore, the first transmission structure includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear being connected to the output shaft of the coupling, the first bevel gear meshing with the second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear being connected to the second transmission structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the second transmission structure includes bearings, a fixed plate, a worm gear support seat, a transmission shaft, a worm, and a worm wheel. The fixed plate and the worm gear support seat are both connected to the side wall of the leading edge support plate. Two bearings are provided, and the two bearings are respectively connected to the fixed plate and the worm gear support seat. The top and bottom of the worm are respectively connected to the inner rings of the two bearings. The second bevel gear is connected to the top of the worm. The transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the lower support seat. The third corner of the first connecting rod is connected to the outside of the transmission shaft. The worm wheel is connected to the transmission shaft and meshes with the worm.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a motor support base, which is connected to the front edge support plate, and the motor is connected to the motor support base.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] The variable camber leading edge mechanism has only one degree of freedom, which is controlled by the rotation of the drive shaft. It can control the leading edge to maintain the desired angle within the deflection range. Moreover, its simple structure is beneficial to the lightweight wing and the reliability of the drive.

[0017] The Watt six-bar linkage can meet the motion trajectory requirements of different longitudinal beams in the deformation process of the leading-edge airfoil, enabling the flexible skin of the wing leading edge to deform accurately, effectively improving the flight efficiency of the aircraft.

[0018] The drive assembly adopts a worm gear design, which can achieve a self-locking function after deformation is completed, thus improving the load-bearing capacity of the wing in the deformed state.

[0019] The leading edge deformable assembly adopts a symmetrical design, with the symmetry planes of each drive rod, support seat and longitudinal beam being unified, which effectively reduces the out-of-plane bending moment and eliminates the need for additional load-transfer structures, leaving ample design space for other internal structures of the wing. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Watt six-bar assembly structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state structure of the variable camber leading edge component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drooping structure of the variable curvature leading edge component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the variable curvature leading edge Watt's six-bar assembly of the present invention.

[0026] The numbers in the diagram represent:

[0027] 101. Upper support seat; 102. Fifth link; 103. Fourth link; 104. Third link; 105. Second link; 106. First link; 107. Lower support seat; 1. Leading edge support plate; 2. Leading edge flexible skin; 3. Upper longitudinal beam; 4. Lower longitudinal beam; 5. Worm; 6. Worm gear; 7. Drive shaft; 8. Motor; 9. Coupling; 10. First bevel gear; 11. Second bevel gear; 12. Bearing; 13. Worm gear support seat; 14. Motor support seat. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The above-mentioned and other technical features and advantages of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] This embodiment provides a technical solution: a rigid-flexible coupled variable camber wing leading edge mechanism, such as... Figures 1-6 As shown, it includes a leading edge support plate 1, a leading edge flexible skin 2, a leading edge deformation assembly and a driving assembly. The leading edge deformation assembly is disposed on the leading edge support plate 1, the leading edge flexible skin is disposed on the outside of the leading edge deformation assembly, and the driving assembly is disposed on the inside of the leading edge deformation assembly. The driving assembly controls the deformation of the leading edge deformation assembly.

[0030] The leading edge deformation assembly includes a first link 106, a second link 105, a third link 104, a fourth link 103, and a fifth link 102. The fifth link 102 is rotatably connected to the fourth link 103, the third link 104 is rotatably connected to the fourth link 103, the third link 104 is rotatably connected to the second link 105, the fourth link 103 is rotatably connected to the first link 106, the first link 106 is slidably connected to the second link 105, the fifth link 102 is rotatably connected to the leading edge support plate 1, and the first link 106 is rotatably connected to the leading edge support plate 1. The leading edge deformation assembly is a single-degree-of-freedom assembly. The deformation of the leading edge deformation assembly can be controlled by a drive assembly, thereby causing deformation of the leading edge flexible skin 2, which can achieve different degrees of downward deflection deformation of the wing. The leading edge deformation assembly can form a Watt I type six-bar assembly. Rotating the first drive rod 106 causes the fourth link 103 to rotate, which in turn causes the fifth link 102 to rotate, which in turn causes the third link 104 to rotate, which in turn causes the second drive rod 105 to rotate. This causes the first drive rod 106 to slide on the second drive rod 105, thereby causing the leading edge deformation component to deform. The entire component is a single-degree-of-freedom component with seven nodes and five links. This design allows multiple ribs to deform synchronously, saving internal wing space. Through the leading edge flexible skin 2, the leading edge deformation component always maintains seamless deformation, reducing friction with the air tip. This solves the problem of traditional leading edge flaps, where the sliding rails and guide slots are not covered by the skin and are exposed to the air, which is detrimental to the aerodynamic performance of the wing during flight. Moreover, for mechanisms with deformation accuracy requirements, complexity and accuracy are directly proportional, and the more complex the structure, the heavier the wing.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5Both the first link 106 and the fourth link 103 are triangular members, each with a first angle, a second angle, and a third angle. The first link 106 includes a first short side, a second short side, and a long side. The length of the first short side is less than the length of the second short side. The first short side and the second short side of the first link 106 form a first angle, the second short side and the long side of the first link 106 form a second angle, and the first short side and the long side of the first link 106 form a third angle. One end of the fifth link 102 is rotatably connected to the first angle of the fourth link 103, and the other end of the fifth link 102 is rotatably connected to the front edge support plate 1. The second angle of the fourth link 103 is connected to the third link 103. 4. Rotary connection: The first triangle of the fourth link 103 is rotatably connected to the first angle of the first link 106. The second link 105 is slidably connected to the long side of the first link 106 near the second angle via a pin. The second link 105 is rotatably connected to the third link 104. The first triangle of the first link 106 is rotatably connected to the front edge support plate 1. The first link 106 rotates on the front edge support plate 1, thereby driving the fourth link 103 to rotate, which in turn drives the fifth link 102 to rotate on the front edge support plate 1, which in turn drives the third link 104 to rotate, which in turn drives the second link 105 to rotate, thereby causing the long side of the first link 106 to slide on the pin of the second link 105.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 It also includes an upper support 101 and a lower support 107, both of which are connected to the front edge support plate 1. The fifth link 102 is rotatably connected to the upper support 101, and the first drive rod 106 is rotatably connected to the lower support 107. The fifth link 102 can rotate on the upper support 101, and the first drive rod 106 can rotate on the lower support 107, thereby causing the fifth link 102 and the first drive rod 106 to rotate on the front edge support plate 1.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 It also includes an upper longitudinal beam 3 and a lower longitudinal beam 4. A second drive rod 105 is connected to the upper longitudinal beam 3, and a first drive rod 106 is connected to the lower longitudinal beam 4. The front end of the leading edge flexible skin 2 is connected to the upper longitudinal beam 3 and the lower longitudinal beam 4 respectively. When the first drive rod 106 rotates, it can drive the lower longitudinal beam 4 to rotate. When the second drive rod 105 rotates, it can drive the upper longitudinal beam 3 to rotate, thereby causing the leading edge flexible skin 2 to deform.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The drive assembly includes a drive structure, a first transmission structure, and a second transmission structure. The drive structure is connected to the leading edge support plate 1. The first transmission structure is connected to the drive structure. The drive structure controls the first transmission structure. The second transmission structure is connected to the first transmission structure. The first transmission structure and the second transmission structure are connected. The drive structure can drive the first transmission structure, and the first transmission structure can drive the second transmission structure.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The drive structure includes a motor 8 and a coupling 9. The motor 8 is connected to the front support plate 1. The input shaft of the coupling 9 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 8. The first transmission structure is connected to the output shaft of the coupling 9. The motor 8 can drive the coupling 9 to rotate, thereby driving the first transmission structure.

[0036] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first transmission structure includes a first bevel gear 10 and a second bevel gear 11. The first bevel gear 10 is connected to the output shaft of the coupling 9. The first bevel gear 10 and the second bevel gear 11 mesh. The second bevel gear 11 is connected to the second transmission structure. The motor 8 can drive the coupling 9 to rotate, which in turn drives the first bevel gear 10 to rotate, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 11 to rotate, which in turn drives the second transmission structure.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The second transmission structure includes a bearing 12, a fixed plate, a worm support seat 13, a transmission shaft 7, a worm 5, and a worm wheel 6. The fixed plate and the worm support seat 13 are both connected to the side wall of the leading edge support plate 1. Two bearings 12 are provided, and the two bearings 12 are respectively connected to the fixed plate and the worm support seat 13. The top and bottom of the worm 5 are respectively connected to the inner rings of the two bearings 12. The second bevel gear 11 is connected to the top of the worm 5. The transmission shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the lower support seat 107. The third corner of the first connecting rod 106 is connected to the outside of the transmission shaft 7. The worm wheel 6 is connected to the transmission shaft 7 and meshes with the worm 5. When the second bevel gear 11 rotates, it drives the worm 5 to rotate on the bearing 12, which in turn drives the worm wheel 6 to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission shaft 7 to rotate, which in turn drives the first drive rod 106 to rotate, thereby controlling the deformation of the leading edge deformation assembly.

[0038] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5It also includes a motor support base 14, which is connected to the front edge support plate 1. The motor 8 is connected to the motor support base 14. The motor support base 14 can support the motor 8 and keep the motor 8 rotating stably.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art will understand that many changes, modifications, and even equivalents can be made within the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present invention, all of which will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rigid-flexible coupled variable camber wing leading edge mechanism, characterized by: It includes a leading edge support plate, a leading edge flexible skin, a leading edge deformation component and a driving component. The leading edge deformation component is disposed on the leading edge support plate, the leading edge flexible skin is disposed on the outside of the leading edge deformation component, and the driving component is disposed on the inside of the leading edge deformation component. The driving component controls the deformation of the leading edge deformation component. The leading edge deformation assembly includes a first link, a second link, a third link, a fourth link, and a fifth link. The fifth link is rotatably connected to the fourth link, the third link is rotatably connected to the fourth link, the third link is rotatably connected to the second link, the fourth link is rotatably connected to the first link, the first link is slidably connected to the second link, the fifth link is rotatably connected to the leading edge support plate, and the first link is rotatably connected to the leading edge support plate. The leading edge deformation assembly is a single-degree-of-freedom assembly. Both the first and fourth connecting rods are triangular members, each with a first angle, a second angle, and a third angle. The first connecting rod includes a first short side, a second short side, and a long side. The length of the first short side is less than the length of the second short side. The first short side and the second short side of the first connecting rod form a first angle, the second short side and the long side of the first connecting rod form a second angle, and the first short side and the long side of the first connecting rod form a third angle. One end of the fifth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first angle of the fourth connecting rod, and the other end of the fifth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the front edge support plate. The second angle of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod, and the third angle of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first angle of the first connecting rod. The second connecting rod is slidably connected to the long side of the first connecting rod near the second angle via a pin. The second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the third connecting rod, and the third angle of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the front edge support plate.

2. A rigid-flexible coupling variable camber wing leading edge mechanism according to claim 1, characterised in that, It also includes an upper support base and a lower support base. The fifth link is rotatably connected to the front edge support plate through the upper support base, and the third corner of the first link is rotatably connected to the front edge support plate through the lower support base.

3. A rigid-flexible coupling variable camber wing leading edge mechanism according to claim 2, characterised in that, It also includes an upper longitudinal beam and a lower longitudinal beam, the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper longitudinal beam, the second corner of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the lower longitudinal beam, and the front end of the front edge flexible skin is connected to the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam respectively.

4. A rigid-flexible coupling variable camber wing leading edge mechanism according to claim 3, wherein, The drive assembly includes a drive structure, a first transmission structure, and a second transmission structure. The drive structure is connected to the leading edge support plate, the first transmission structure is connected to the drive structure, the drive structure controls the first transmission structure, and the second transmission structure is connected to the first transmission structure. The first transmission structure and the second transmission structure are connected.

5. A rigid-flexible coupling variable camber wing leading edge mechanism according to claim 4, wherein, The drive structure includes a motor and a coupling. The motor is connected to the leading edge support plate, the input shaft of the coupling is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the first transmission structure is connected to the output shaft of the coupling.

6. A rigid-flexible coupling variable camber wing leading edge mechanism according to claim 5, wherein, The first transmission structure includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear is connected to the output shaft of the coupling, the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is connected to the second transmission structure.

7. A rigid-flexible coupling variable camber wing leading edge mechanism according to claim 6, characterised in that, The second transmission structure includes bearings, a fixed plate, a worm support seat, a transmission shaft, a worm, and a worm wheel. The fixed plate and the worm support seat are both connected to the side wall of the front support plate. Two bearings are provided, and the two bearings are respectively connected to the fixed plate and the worm support seat. The top and bottom of the worm are respectively connected to the inner rings of the two bearings. The second bevel gear is connected to the top of the worm. The transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the lower support seat. The third corner of the first connecting rod is connected to the outside of the transmission shaft. The worm wheel is connected to the transmission shaft and meshes with the worm.

8. A rigid-flexible coupling variable camber wing leading edge mechanism according to claim 7, characterised in that, It also includes a motor support base, which is connected to the front edge support plate, and the motor is connected to the motor support base.

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