A low-power focusing double-throw double-sided photovoltaic power generation coupling photo-thermal hydrogen production integrated system

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-magnification focusing double-sided photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production integrated system, which mainly includes a light-transmitting cleaning plate, a left parabolic mirror, a right parabolic mirror, an upper photovoltaic panel, a lower photovoltaic panel, a cooling plate channel, a rotating support, a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, and a photothermal reactor. This invention provides a low-magnification focusing double-sided photovoltaic power generation coupled with a thermally assisted photo-excited hydrogen production reaction integrated system with high stability and high optical utilization efficiency, which helps researchers further deepen their research and optimize related reaction mechanisms, operating conditions, and design theories. The double-sided photovoltaic system in this invention can significantly reduce the volatility of photovoltaic power generation, improve optical utilization efficiency, enhance energy complementarity and matching characteristics, and orderly transfer excess photovoltaic heat to the water electrolysis reaction and the photothermal catalytic hydrogen production reaction, achieving graded and full-gradient utilization of solar spectral energy. This invention has the advantages of novelty, high efficiency, environmental friendliness, cleanliness, and high integration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new energy preparation, specifically relating to a low-magnification focusing double-displacement double-sided photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production integrated system. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources, but it suffers from drawbacks such as low energy density, intermittency, and poor stability. Currently, the most common solar energy utilization device on the market is photovoltaic (PV). PV uses the semiconductor effect under solar excitation to generate voltage and produce electricity, converting a continuous stream of solar energy into electrical energy for production and processing. However, due to the inherent volatility and low energy density of solar energy resources, the electrical energy generated by ordinary PV systems is highly volatile, making it unfriendly to electrical appliances on the user side. Adopting reasonable, effective, and inexpensive solar concentrating technology can effectively solve these problems, increase the photon distribution density per unit area of ​​PV, and reduce the impact of photon volatility on power output performance to some extent.

[0003] Furthermore, photovoltaic systems operating under concentrated light conditions generate a significant amount of heat. Due to the sensitivity of photovoltaics to heat, their efficiency tends to decrease significantly at high temperatures. Taking commonly used monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon as examples, the efficiency drops substantially for every 1 degree Celsius increase in temperature. o C. The efficiency of photovoltaics will decrease by approximately 0.5%. Therefore, efficient and standardized thermal management design is crucial to address this issue. Furthermore, for the final conversion and utilization of solar energy to hydrogen, besides using photovoltaic power to generate electricity for further hydrogen electrolysis, photothermal coupling hydrogen production is also a viable option among existing hydrogen production technologies. How to integrate and utilize the excess heat from concentrated photovoltaics in a complementary manner with other chemical reactions is an important direction for improving the overall conversion efficiency of solar energy to hydrogen. Although there is considerable research in this field on single photovoltaic power generation or photothermal chemical hydrogen production reactions, there are few reports on the effective integrated design of concentrated photovoltaic systems and the optimization of photothermal reaction systems under thermally assisted conditions. Therefore, designing and developing such integrated devices for the orderly, cascaded utilization of solar energy is of great significance for researchers to deeply study its theoretical coupling mechanism and to provide reference and suggestions for the subsequent development, optimization, and large-scale scaling of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-sided photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production. It aims to provide researchers with a highly efficient integrated reaction system for hydrogen production by double-sided photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal reaction under low-magnification focusing conditions, so as to facilitate further in-depth research and optimization of related reaction mechanisms, operating conditions and design theories, and provide support for the subsequent design of cleaner, more efficient, orderly and large-scale clean energy conversion systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A low-magnification focusing double-sided photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production integrated system includes a double-sided photovoltaic power generation section and a photothermal hydrogen production reaction section; The double-sided photovoltaic power generation section includes a light-transmitting cleaning plate, left and right parabolic mirrors located on either side below the light-transmitting cleaning plate, an upper and lower photovoltaic panel located directly below the light-transmitting cleaning plate and on the symmetrical axis of the left and right parabolic mirrors, a cooling plate channel located in the middle layer between the upper and lower photovoltaic panels, a support rod perpendicular to the cooling plate channel and fixed by rotating connecting bolts, and a rotating bracket located at the bottom of the support rod. A storage battery is installed downstream of the double-sided photovoltaic power generation section. The operating status of the storage battery is monitored and controlled by an intelligent electronic control system. A proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is installed downstream of the intelligent electronic control system. The intelligent electronic control system selectively uses a portion of the electrical energy for the energy consumption of water electrolysis to produce hydrogen in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to the terminal energy output demand. The photothermal hydrogen production reaction section includes an indoor simulated light source, a photothermal reactor located directly below the indoor simulated light source, a photothermal reaction slurry tank connected to the photothermal reactor, and a circulating peristaltic pump for pumping the reaction slurry; the water source required for the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer electrolysis process is stored in a water storage tank, and a circulating power pump is installed downstream of the water storage tank to pump the water source into the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; a flow controller connected to the cooling plate flow channel controls the flow rate in the circulation pipeline; the heat carried by the flowing heat exchange medium is distributed to the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer circuit and the photothermal reactor circuit after heat exchange in the heat exchanger.

[0006] A further improvement of the present invention is that the upper photovoltaic panel and the lower photovoltaic panel are of the same size and are placed back to back.

[0007] A further improvement of this invention is that the entire double-sided photovoltaic power generation section can rotate with the rotating bracket as the fulcrum under the support of the support rod, and can track the solar energy position in real time to complete the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy under actual working conditions.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that, when the entire integrated system is working, due to the light-concentrating effect of the left and right parabolic mirrors, the upper and lower photovoltaic panels generate a large amount of waste heat. The efficient nanoparticle flowing heat exchange medium passing through the cooling plate channel carries away the heat in time and stores it in the heat exchange medium storage tank.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the light-transmitting cleaning plate has an optical transmittance of more than 98%.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the geometric focusing ratio of the “W”-shaped concentrator composed of the left parabolic mirror and the right parabolic mirror is 4-10; the upper photovoltaic panel, the lower photovoltaic panel and the cooling plate flow channel are of equal width, and both the left and right sides are on the center line of the left parabolic mirror and the right parabolic mirror.

[0011] A further improvement of this invention is that the intelligent electronic control system can collect and distribute electrical energy according to the solar radiation intensity, the power demand of the terminal system, and the hydrogen production from water electrolysis in different seasons and time periods; part of the electrical energy output by the system is supplied to the outside of the system through an energy storage battery; the hydrogen obtained by electrolysis in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is collected in a water storage tank, and due to the density difference between hydrogen and water, hydrogen continuously accumulates at the top of the water storage tank; the temperature of the water medium in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is controlled by feedback through a circulating power pump, and is dynamically regulated in conjunction with the actual working capacity of the heat exchanger.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium storage tank exists in the form of particles suspended in the solution, wherein the metal elements Cu, Al, Ag or metal oxides TiO2, CuO, CeO2, A2O3 are dissolved in water, ethylene glycol, and silicone oil solvent to form a compound.

[0013] A further improvement of this invention is that the photothermal hydrogen production reaction in the system is driven by an indoor simulated light source in the photothermal reactor; the large amount of waste heat generated by the upper and lower photovoltaic panels operating under outdoor low-magnification focusing conditions is indirectly transferred to the photothermal hydrogen production reaction to accelerate the reaction rate; the photothermal reaction slurry tank stores an aqueous suspension of the photothermal catalyst, and the photothermal catalysts NiP / TiO2, Cu / TiO2, Au / TiO2, and CoO / TiO2 can all be dissolved in deionized water and used in the photothermal hydrogen production reaction; the circulating peristaltic pump can adjust the flow rate of the catalyst particle suspension according to the real-time photothermal reaction rate and the gas-liquid two-phase separation characteristics; the heat exchanger has three flow paths, one for the hot fluid stored in the heat exchange medium tank, and the other two for the water medium in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and the aqueous suspension of the photothermal catalyst used in the photothermal hydrogen production reaction, respectively.

[0014] A further improvement of this invention is that the solar energy driving the bifacial photovoltaic power generation is outdoor direct solar energy, which is the amount of photon radiation radiated to the ground plane of the system's working location throughout the year; the indoor simulated light source driving the photothermal hydrogen production reaction is a stable light energy input, the amount of which is measured by a corresponding radiometer, and its magnitude can be adjusted by the corresponding operating current and voltage.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This invention incorporates a light-transmitting cleaning plate, which effectively avoids the "shading" effect caused by dust and stains during outdoor photovoltaic utilization, thus improving the stability of concentrated photovoltaic performance. Simultaneously, the light-transmitting cleaning plate possesses a certain degree of self-cleaning capability, enhancing the safety and reliability of photovoltaic systems during practical application.

[0016] 2. The parabolic mirror design of this invention employs a symmetrical placement of two parabolic surfaces, resulting in a more uniform distribution of focused photons compared to ordinary "V"-shaped parabolic photovoltaic systems. The photovoltaic setup utilizes dual-sided photovoltaic synergistic power generation, leading to higher photon utilization efficiency.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the heat generated by the concentrated photovoltaic system can be carried away from the surface of the concentrated photovoltaic system in a timely manner through the heat conduction of the efficient heat exchange medium, thereby improving the durability and safety of photovoltaic use.

[0018] 4. The electrical energy generated by the concentrated photovoltaic system in this invention can be used to supply power to the outside world through energy storage batteries. In addition, the electrical energy can be further converted into hydrogen energy through a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer for storage and utilization according to energy demand.

[0019] 5. In this invention, the heat carried by the concentrated photovoltaic is distributed in an orderly manner to the photothermal hydrogen production reaction and the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, thereby accelerating the heat and mass transfer capabilities and corresponding reaction rates of their respective reactions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1 is a light-transmitting cleaning plate; 2 is a left parabolic mirror; 3 is a right parabolic mirror; 4 is a support rod; 5 is an upper photovoltaic panel; 6 is a cooling plate channel; 7 is a lower photovoltaic panel; 8 is a rotating connecting bolt; 9 is a rotating bracket; 10 is an energy storage battery; 11 is an intelligent electronic control system; 12 is a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; 13 is a water storage tank; 14 is a circulating power pump; 15 is a flow controller; 16 is a heat exchanger; 17 is a circulating peristaltic pump; 18 is a photothermal reaction slurry tank; 19 is an indoor simulated light source; 20 is a photothermal reactor; 21 is a heat exchange working fluid storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These specific examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that various modifications and alterations can be made to the device without departing from the concept of the present invention. These modifications and alterations all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a low-magnification focusing double-sided photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production integrated system, including a double-sided photovoltaic power generation section and a photothermal hydrogen production reaction section.

[0024] The double-sided photovoltaic power generation section includes a light-transmitting cleaning plate 1, a left parabolic mirror 2 and a right parabolic mirror 3 located on the left and right sides below the light-transmitting cleaning plate 1, an upper photovoltaic panel 5 and a lower photovoltaic panel 7 located directly below the light-transmitting cleaning plate 1 and on the axis of symmetry of the left and right parabolic mirrors 2 and 3, both of the same size and placed back to back, a cooling plate channel 6 located in the middle layer between the upper photovoltaic panel 5 and the lower photovoltaic panel 7, a support rod 4 located perpendicular to the cooling plate channel 6 and fixed by a rotating connecting bolt 8, and a rotating bracket 9 located at the bottom of the support rod 4. The entire double-sided photovoltaic power generation section can rotate with the rotating bracket 9 as the fulcrum under the support of the support rod 4, and can track the solar energy position in real time to complete the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy in actual operation. A storage battery 10 is installed downstream of the double-sided photovoltaic power generation section. The working status of the storage battery 10 is monitored and controlled by an intelligent electronic control system 11. A proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 is installed downstream of the intelligent electronic control system 11. Under the working state of the system, the intelligent electronic control system 11 can selectively use part of the electrical energy for the energy consumption of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 for the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, according to the energy output demand of the terminal.

[0025] The photothermal hydrogen production reaction section mainly includes an indoor simulated light source 19, a photothermal reactor 20 located directly below the indoor simulated light source 19, a photothermal reaction slurry tank 18 connected to the photothermal reactor 20, and a circulating peristaltic pump 17 for pumping the reaction slurry. The water required for the electrolysis process in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 is stored in a water storage tank 13. A circulating power pump 14 is located downstream of the water storage tank to pump the water into the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12. During operation of the integrated system, due to the focusing effect of the left parabolic mirror 2 and the right parabolic mirror 3, the upper photovoltaic panel 5 and the lower photovoltaic panel 7 generate a large amount of waste heat. The high-efficiency nanoparticle flowing heat exchange medium passing through the cooling plate channel 6 carries away the heat in a timely manner and stores it in the heat exchange medium storage tank 21. A flow controller 15 connected to the cooling plate channel 6 controls the flow rate in the circulating pipeline. The heat carried by the flowing heat exchange medium can be rationally distributed to the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 circuit and the photothermal reactor 20 circuit after heat exchange in heat exchanger 16.

[0026] The light-transmitting cleaning plate 1 has an optical transmittance of over 98%, which prevents dust, leaves, and other debris from accumulating on the surfaces of the upper photovoltaic panel 5 and the lower photovoltaic panel 7 during outdoor operation, thus affecting their energy conversion process. The "W"-shaped concentrator composed of the left parabolic mirror 2 and the right parabolic mirror 3 has a geometric focusing ratio between 4 and 10. Parameters such as the maximum receiving half-angle, the maximum base circle radius of the profile, and the cutoff angle can be flexibly adjusted according to the focusing ratio. The upper photovoltaic panel 5, the lower photovoltaic panel 7, and the cooling plate channel 6 are of equal width, with both sides located on the center lines of the left parabolic mirror 2 and the right parabolic mirror 3.

[0027] The intelligent electrical control system 11 primarily collects and distributes electrical energy based on the solar radiation intensity, the power demand of the terminal system, and the hydrogen production from water electrolysis during different seasons and time periods. A portion of the system's output electrical energy can be supplied to the outside via the energy storage battery 10. Hydrogen obtained through electrolysis in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 is collected in the water storage tank 13. Due to the density difference between hydrogen and water, hydrogen continuously accumulates at the top of the water storage tank 13. The temperature of the water medium in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 can be flexibly controlled via feedback from the circulating power pump 14, and dynamically adjusted in conjunction with the actual operating capacity of the heat exchanger 16.

[0028] The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium storage tank 21 exists as particles suspended in the solution. Common methods include dissolving elemental metals such as Cu, Al, and Ag, or metal oxides such as TiO2, CuO, CeO2, and A2O3 in solvents such as water, ethylene glycol, and silicone oil to form a compound. The flow controller 15 can easily control the actual heat carrying capacity of the cooling plate channel 6 by controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange medium and the ratio of transport start-up and shutdown times.

[0029] The photothermal hydrogen production reaction in the system is driven by an indoor simulated light source 19 in the photothermal reactor 20. While the large fluctuations in outdoor light radiation are unfavorable for the stable operation of the photothermal hydrogen production reaction, it does offer significant benefits in terms of heat input. The large amount of waste heat generated by the upper photovoltaic panel 5 and lower photovoltaic panel 7, operating under low-magnification outdoor focusing conditions, can be indirectly transferred to the photothermal hydrogen production reaction to accelerate the reaction rate. The photothermal reaction slurry tank 18 stores an aqueous suspension of the photothermal catalyst. The photothermal catalysts NiP / TiO2, Cu / TiO2, Au / TiO2, and CoO / TiO2 are all soluble in deionized water and used in the photothermal hydrogen production reaction. The circulating peristaltic pump 17 can adjust the flow rate of the catalyst particle suspension according to the real-time photothermal reaction rate and the gas-liquid two-phase separation characteristics. The heat exchanger 16 has three flow paths: one for the hot fluid stored in the heat exchange medium tank 21, and the other two for the water medium in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 and the aqueous suspension of the photothermal catalyst used in the photothermal hydrogen production reaction, respectively.

[0030] The solar energy driving the bifacial photovoltaic power generation is direct outdoor solar energy, which is the amount of photon radiation radiated to the ground plane at the system's operating location throughout the year. The indoor simulated light source 19 driving the photothermal hydrogen production reaction is a stable light energy input, the amount of which can be measured by a corresponding radiometer, and its magnitude can be adjusted by the corresponding operating current and voltage.

[0031] Before the system operates, predetermined amounts of reaction media, such as water, Al2O3 nanofluid, and NiP / TiO2 photothermal particle suspension, are first loaded into the water storage tank 13, the heat exchange medium storage tank 21, and the photothermal reaction slurry tank 18. During operation, outdoor solar radiation passes through the light-transmitting cleaning plate 1 and is reflected and refracted by the left parabolic mirror 2 and right parabolic mirror 3 on both sides, reaching the surface of the upper photovoltaic panel 5. Some unused photons are further radiated to the surface of the lower photovoltaic panel 7 by the reflection and focusing effect of the parabolic mirrors. The support rod 4 is fixed above the rotating bracket 9 and is connected to the stacked structure formed by the upper photovoltaic panel 5, the lower photovoltaic panel 7, and the cooling plate flow channel 6. The heat exchange medium flows through the cooling plate flow channel 6, which promptly removes excess heat from the surfaces of the upper photovoltaic panel 5 and the lower photovoltaic panel 7 under concentrated sunlight conditions, thereby protecting the output efficiency and safety stability of the photovoltaic panels. The electrical energy output from the upper photovoltaic panel 5 and the lower photovoltaic panel 7 can be stored in the energy storage battery 10, or a portion of the electrical energy can be transmitted to the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 for the process of producing hydrogen from pure water through electrolysis. The distribution and scheduling of electrical energy are regulated by the intelligent electronic control system 11 connected in the middle.

[0032] The heat energy obtained from heat exchange in the cooling plate channel 6 is stored in the circulating heat exchange fluid, which is then transferred to the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 and the photothermal reactor 20 via the downstream heat exchanger 16. The temperature and flow field characteristics in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer 12 can be controlled by the circulating power pump 14. Similarly, in the photothermal reactor 20, the driving force for the reaction is a continuous and stable supply of photons provided by the indoor simulated light source 19. The flow rate and start-up / stop time ratio during the reaction process are regulated by the circulating peristaltic pump 17. There are a total of three streams in the heat exchanger 16, with the heat loop being the heat exchange fluid. The total heat exchange and heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchanger can be indirectly controlled by the flow controller 15. The hydrogen obtained from the entire system can be collected above the water storage tank 13 and the photothermal reaction slurry tank.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production integrated system, characterized in that, It includes a double-sided photovoltaic power generation section and a solar thermal hydrogen production reaction section; The double-sided photovoltaic power generation section includes a light-transmitting cleaning plate (1), a left parabolic mirror (2) and a right parabolic mirror (3) located on both sides below the light-transmitting cleaning plate (1), an upper photovoltaic panel (5) and a lower photovoltaic panel (7) located directly below the light-transmitting cleaning plate (1) and on the axis of symmetry of the left parabolic mirror (2) and the right parabolic mirror (3), a cooling plate channel (6) located in the middle layer between the upper photovoltaic panel (5) and the lower photovoltaic panel (7), and a connection bolt (8) perpendicular to the cooling plate channel (6) and fixed to it by a rotating connecting bolt (8). The support rod (4) and the rotating bracket (9) set at the bottom of the support rod (4); a storage battery (10) is set at the downstream end of the double-sided photovoltaic power generation section. The working status of the storage battery (10) is monitored and controlled by the intelligent electric control system (11). A proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (12) is set at the downstream end of the intelligent electric control system (11). The intelligent electric control system (11) selectively uses part of the electrical energy for the energy consumption of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (12) for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen according to the terminal energy output demand. The photothermal hydrogen production reaction section includes an indoor simulated light source (19), a photothermal reactor (20) located directly below the indoor simulated light source (19), a photothermal reaction slurry tank (18) connected to the photothermal reactor (20), and a circulating peristaltic pump (17) for pumping the reaction slurry; the water source required for the electrolysis process of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (12) is stored in a water storage tank (13), and a circulating power pump (14) is set downstream of the water storage tank (13) to pump the water source into the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (12); a flow controller (15) connected to the cooling plate channel (6) controls the flow rate in the circulating pipeline; the heat carried by the flowing heat exchange medium is distributed to the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (12) loop and the photothermal reactor (20) loop after heat exchange through the heat exchanger (16); The geometric focusing ratio of the "W"-shaped concentrator composed of the left parabolic mirror (2) and the right parabolic mirror (3) is 4-10; the upper photovoltaic panel (5), the lower photovoltaic panel (7) and the cooling plate channel (6) are of equal width, and both sides are on the center line of the left parabolic mirror (2) and the right parabolic mirror (3).

2. The integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper photovoltaic panel (5) and the lower photovoltaic panel (7) are of the same size and are placed back to back.

3. The integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entire double-sided photovoltaic power generation section can rotate with the rotating bracket (9) as the fulcrum under the support of the support rod (4), and can complete the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy by tracking the solar energy position in real time under actual working conditions.

4. The integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the entire integrated system is working, due to the light-concentrating effect of the left parabolic mirror (2) and the right parabolic mirror (3), the upper photovoltaic panel (5) and the lower photovoltaic panel (7) generate a large amount of waste heat. The efficient nanoparticle heat exchange medium flowing through the cooling plate channel (6) carries away the heat in time and stores it in the heat exchange medium storage tank (21).

5. The integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting cleaning plate (1) has an optical transmittance of more than 98%.

6. The integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent electrical control system (11) can collect and distribute electrical energy according to the solar radiation intensity, the electrical energy demand of the terminal system and the amount of hydrogen produced by water electrolysis in different seasons and time periods. Part of the electrical energy output by the system is supplied to the outside of the system through the energy storage battery (10). The hydrogen obtained by electrolysis through the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (12) is collected in the water storage tank (13). Due to the density difference between hydrogen and water, hydrogen continuously accumulates at the top of the water storage tank (13). The temperature of the water working medium in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (12) is controlled by feedback through the circulating power pump (14) and dynamically regulated in combination with the actual working capacity of the heat exchanger (16).

7. The integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange medium in the heat exchange medium storage tank (21) exists in the form of particles suspended in the solution, wherein the metal elements Cu, Al, Ag or metal oxides TiO2, CuO, CeO2, A2O3 are dissolved in water, ethylene glycol and silicone oil solvents to form a compound.

8. The integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photothermal hydrogen production reaction in the system is driven by an indoor simulated light source (19) in the photothermal reactor (20); a large amount of waste heat generated by the upper photovoltaic panel (5) and lower photovoltaic panel (7) working under outdoor low magnification focusing conditions is indirectly transferred to the photothermal hydrogen production reaction to accelerate the reaction rate; the photothermal reaction slurry tank (18) stores an aqueous suspension of the photothermal catalyst, and the photothermal catalysts NiP / TiO2, Cu / TiO2, Au / TiO2, and CoO / TiO2 can all be dissolved in deionized water and used for the photothermal hydrogen production reaction; the circulating peristaltic pump (17) can adjust the flow rate of the catalyst particle suspension according to the real-time photothermal reaction rate and the gas-liquid two-phase separation characteristics; the heat exchanger (16) has three flow paths, one of which is the hot fluid stored in the heat exchange medium tank (21), and the other two are the water medium in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (12) and the aqueous suspension of the photothermal catalyst used for the photothermal hydrogen production reaction, respectively.

9. The integrated system for low-magnification focusing double-shot bifacial photovoltaic power generation coupled with photothermal hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar energy driving bifacial photovoltaic power generation is outdoor direct solar energy, which is the amount of photon radiation radiated to the ground plane of the system working location throughout the year; the indoor simulated light source (19) driving the photothermal hydrogen production reaction is a stable light energy input, and its radiation is measured by the corresponding radiometer, and its magnitude can be adjusted by the corresponding working current and voltage.

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