Large-volume stone roadbed rapid construction machine and process

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of large-volume stone roadbed rapid construction, and particularly relates to a highway large-volume stone roadbed rapid construction machine and process; it comprises a frame, a fixed steering mechanism, a step excavation and drilling mechanism are arranged on the frame, the fixed steering mechanism comprises a double-sided rack vertically arranged on the frame, a fixed circular gear is engaged with the outer teeth of the double-sided rack, the upper end of a connecting rod is connected with the fixed circular gear shaft, a clutch is arranged in the middle, and a fixed cylinder is connected to the lower end; the step excavation and drilling mechanism comprises a transverse rack arranged on the frame, a vertical connecting rod, an upper circular gear shaft connected to the upper end of the vertical connecting rod, a longitudinal rack connected to the lower end of the vertical connecting rod, an upper circular gear engaged with the transverse rack, a middle circular gear engaged with the longitudinal rack, a lifting driving mechanism connected to the upper connecting plate, and a conversion joint connected to the lifting driving mechanism; the present application can effectively assist workers to conduct overall construction on the highway semi-filled semi-excavated stone roadbed, improve the construction efficiency, and reduce the construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rapid construction technology for large-volume stone roadbeds, specifically relating to machinery and processes for rapid construction of large-volume stone roadbeds for highways. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the construction of semi-fill / semi-cut rock roadbeds for highways generally employs the method of quarrying, using the quarried stone for the fill roadbed. Quarrying rocky mountains typically involves blasting, which brings many safety hazards. The quarried stone requires numerous processes such as crushing, filling, and compaction. Due to the difficulty in compacting the fill roadbed, construction is challenging and the quality cannot be guaranteed. To prevent roadbed slippage in mountainous fill sections, retaining walls or anti-slide piles are often required, which is time-consuming and costly. The technology that eliminates the need for quarrying, allowing the quarried stone to be processed on-site and directly moved and applied to the fill roadbed, is the integral construction technology for semi-fill / semi-cut rock roadbeds. The integral construction technology can effectively solve the above problems. However, there is currently no ready-made machinery for integral construction of semi-fill / semi-cut rock roadbeds. Therefore, developing integral construction machinery for semi-fill / semi-cut rock roadbeds for highways has high application value and broad market prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an integrated construction machine and process for semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbeds of highways, which can effectively assist operators in the overall construction of semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbeds of highways, improve construction efficiency, and reduce construction costs.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: a rapid construction machine and process for large-volume stone roadbeds, comprising a frame, on which a fixed steering mechanism is mounted, the fixed steering mechanism including a double-sided rack vertically mounted on the frame, a fixed spur gear mounted on a spur gear shaft and meshing with the external teeth of the double-sided rack, an L-shaped connecting rod whose upper end is connected to the fixed spur gear shaft, a clutch is mounted in the middle, and a fixed cylinder is connected to the lower end, the fixed cylinder being a conical cylinder; a cylindrical gear is connected to the lower end of the double-sided rack, a steering spur gear mounted on a steering spur gear shaft and meshing with the cylindrical gear, the steering spur gear shaft being mounted on the connecting rod via a bearing; the fixed steering mechanism also includes a core drill cylinder, which can move up and down along the height direction of the double-sided rack;

[0005] The frame is also equipped with a step excavation and drilling mechanism, which includes a transverse rack mounted on the frame, a vertical connecting rod with an upper spur gear shaft at the upper end and a longitudinal rack at the lower end, an upper spur gear mounted on the upper spur gear shaft and meshing with the transverse rack, a middle spur gear mounted on the middle spur gear shaft and meshing with the longitudinal rack, a bearing connecting the lower end of the middle spur gear shaft to an upper connecting plate, and a lifting drive mechanism connected to the upper connecting plate, which is connected to a conversion joint. The conversion joint is used to connect a step excavation cutter or a drill bit, and the lifting drive mechanism is used to drive the conversion joint to move up and down.

[0006] An engine is mounted on the frame, and the engine is sequentially connected to a gearbox, a transfer case, a hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic pump.

[0007] The frame is also equipped with a traveling device, which includes an axle, a hub, and a tire. The axle is mounted on the frame and is driven by the hydraulic pump.

[0008] The fixed steering mechanism also includes a core gear that meshes with the internal teeth of the double-sided rack. One end of the transverse connecting rod is connected to the core gear shaft, and the other end is connected to the core shaft through a bearing. The core gear is rotatably mounted on the core gear shaft, and the lower end of the core shaft is connected to the core cylinder.

[0009] The lifting drive mechanism includes a rack, with two racks on the left and right connected to the upper connecting plate. A lower spherical gear is mounted on the lower spherical gear shaft and meshes with the rack. A lower connecting plate connects the two lower spherical gear shafts. The upper end of the central shaft is connected to the lower connecting plate via a bearing, and the lower end is connected to the conversion joint.

[0010] The frame is equipped with a cutting device, which includes a cutting shaft mounted on the frame and a cutting blade connected to the cutting shaft. The frame is equipped with five sets of cutting devices at the front, back, left, right, and bottom, which are used to cut the back, sides, and bottom, respectively.

[0011] The frame is equipped with a cooling device, which includes a water tank on the frame, a water pump connected to the water tank, an air compressor connected to the water pump, and a nozzle connected to the air compressor. The nozzle is positioned near the cutting blade to facilitate cooling.

[0012] The frame is equipped with a hoisting device, which includes a universal boom mounted on the frame, and the universal boom is equipped with hooks and wire ropes.

[0013] The rapid construction process for large-volume rock subgrade includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Determine the boundary point of the semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed according to the design elevation of the top of the roadbed;

[0015] Step 2: Calculate the fill-cut balance point for the semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed based on the total width of the roadbed and the external dimensions of the mountain.

[0016] Step 3: Based on the boundary point and fill-cut balance point of the semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed, delineate the construction area of ​​the mountain to be moved and determine the construction starting point; based on the specific parameters of the fill and cut, determine the number, width, height and location coordinates of the construction steps for the fill and cut.

[0017] Step 4: Drive the integrated construction machinery for semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed of the highway to the pre-set construction site, turn on the core drilling button to start the core sampling operation; after the core sampling operation is completed, turn on the core retraction button, and the core cylinder moves up to the set position; then turn on the fixing button, and the fixing cylinder descends into the core hole and is fixed in the core hole by friction, thus completing the fixing of the whole machine.

[0018] Step 5: Based on the designed step width and height, determine the number, position, and depth of the excavation cutter head, then turn on the step excavation button, and the excavation cutter head will excavate the steps at the set speed and direction;

[0019] Step 6: Move the drill bit to the set position, turn on the drill button, and complete the drilling work;

[0020] Step 7: Adjust the cutting blade to the set position, turn on the cutting button, and complete the cube cutting;

[0021] Step 8: Install the guide fixing tube into the stepped hole;

[0022] Step 9: Pass the wire rope through the step hole and connect the bolt joint at its end to the bolt hole of the guide fixing pipe. Then extend the universal boom and hook the wire rope passing through the step hole to lift the excavated body to the top of the fill body. The excavated body falls to the set position along the guide fixing pipe under its own weight and is positioned by the rubber damping block. Remove the wire rope bolt joint from the guide fixing pipe.

[0023] Step 10: Align the guide fixing tube with the positioning hole, place the fixing steel plate on top of the excavation body, install the bolts into the screw holes at the upper end of the guide fixing tube, and fix the processed excavation body and filling body into one piece.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The large-volume stone roadbed rapid construction machinery of this invention comprises an engine, gearbox, transfer case, hydraulic motor, and hydraulic pump on the frame, forming the power system of the construction machinery and providing power to other parts and devices. The fixed steering mechanism has two functions: fixing and steering. The fixing function of the fixed steering mechanism is to fix the entire machine on the stone roadbed to ensure safety when completing tasks such as excavating steps, drilling, and hoisting. The steering function of the fixed steering mechanism is that after the entire machine completes the work set on the first working face, since a fixed steering mechanism is set at each end of the machine, the front fixed steering mechanism cancels its fixing function, and the rear fixed steering mechanism performs the steering operation. The machine rotates as a whole to enter the next working face. At this time, the front end of the first working face becomes the rear end of the second working face, and the rear end of the first working face becomes the front end of the second working face. This cycle is repeated to complete the work on all working faces. The function of the step excavation and drilling mechanism is to drive the central shaft to rotate through the hydraulic pump, thereby driving the step excavation cutter or drill bit to rotate. While the step excavation cutter or drill bit is rotating, it can also move left and right, forward and backward, and up and down, thereby completing the step excavation or drilling operation. The integrated construction machinery and process for semi-fill and semi-cut stone roadbed of highways of the present invention can effectively assist operators in carrying out the overall construction of semi-fill and semi-cut stone roadbed of highways, improve construction efficiency, and reduce construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rapid construction technology for large-volume stone roadbeds.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical fixed steering mechanism of the large-volume stone roadbed rapid construction machinery of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical step excavation and drilling mechanism for rapid construction of large-volume stone roadbeds according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure and working principle of the mechanical hoisting device for rapid construction of large-volume stone roadbeds according to the present invention. Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] A rapid construction machine for large-volume stone roadbeds includes a frame 19, on which a fixed steering mechanism 25 is mounted. The fixed steering mechanism 25 includes a double-sided rack 47 vertically mounted on the frame 19, a fixed spur gear 46 mounted on a spur gear shaft 45 and meshing with the external teeth of the double-sided rack 47, and a fixed spur gear sliding sleeve mounted on the double-sided rack 47. Rotation of the fixed spur gear 46 drives the fixed spur gear shaft 45 to slide up and down along the fixed spur gear sliding sleeve. The upper end of an L-shaped connecting rod 40 is connected to... The fixed spur gear shaft 45 has a clutch 44 in the middle and a fixed cylinder 26 connected to its lower end. The fixed cylinder 26 is a conical cylinder. The lower end of the double-sided rack 47 is connected to a cylindrical gear 42. The steering spur gear 43 is mounted on the steering spur gear shaft 41 and meshes with the cylindrical gear 42. The steering spur gear shaft 41 is mounted on the connecting rod 40 via a bearing. The fixed steering mechanism 25 also includes a core drill cylinder 34, which can move up and down along the height direction of the double-sided rack 47.

[0032] The fixed steering mechanism 25 also includes a core gear 39 that meshes with the internal teeth of the double-sided rack 47. One end of the transverse connecting rod 38 is connected to the core gear shaft 35, and the other end is connected to the core shaft 37 through a bearing. The core gear 39 is rotatably mounted on the core gear shaft 35, and the lower end of the core shaft 37 is connected to the core barrel 34.

[0033] The function of the fixed steering mechanism 25: The fixed steering mechanism 25 has two functions: fixing and steering. The fixing function of the fixed steering mechanism 25 is to fix the whole machine on the rock roadbed to ensure safety when completing the excavation of steps 2, drilling, hoisting and other work. The steering function of the fixed steering mechanism 25 is that after the whole machine completes the work set of the first working face, since a fixed steering mechanism 25 is set at each end of the whole machine, the fixed steering mechanism 25 at the front end cancels its fixing function, and the fixed steering mechanism 25 at the rear end performs the steering function, so that the whole machine rotates to enter the next working face. At this time, the front end of the first working face becomes the rear end of the second working face, and the rear end of the first working face becomes the front end of the second working face; and so on to complete the work of all working faces.

[0034] The fixed working principle of the fixed steering mechanism 25 is as follows: the hydraulic pump 11 drives the core shaft 37 to rotate, which in turn drives the core barrel 34 to rotate for core extraction; at the same time, the hydraulic pump 11 drives the core sprocket shaft 35 to rotate, which in turn drives the core sprocket 39 to rotate. Since the core sprocket 39 meshes with the internal teeth of the double-sided rack 47, the core sprocket 39 moves up and down while rotating, which drives the transverse connecting rod 38 and the core barrel 34 to move up and down, completing the drilling and retraction; after core drilling is completed, the core is retracted. Then the hydraulic pump 11 drives the fixed sprocket 46 to rotate. Since the fixed sprocket 46 meshes with the external teeth of the double-sided rack 47, the rotation of the fixed sprocket 46 drives the fixed sprocket shaft 45 to slide up and down along the fixed sprocket 46 sliding sleeve. The fixed sprocket shaft 45 drives the connecting rod 40 to move up and down, and the connecting rod 40 drives the fixed barrel 26 to move up and down. Because the fixing cylinder 26 is conical, its lower end enters the core hole and is fixed in the core hole by friction, thus completing the fixation of the whole machine.

[0035] The steering principle of the fixed steering mechanism 25 is as follows: A set of fixed steering mechanisms 25 is set at both the front and rear ends of the machine. After the machine completes the work set on the first working surface, the hydraulic pump 11 drives the fixed sprocket 46 of the front fixed steering mechanism 25 to rotate clockwise, causing the fixed cylinder 26 to move upward, thus canceling the front-end fixing work. Then the rear clutch 44 is disengaged, separating the rear connecting rod 40 into two parts, thereby disengaging the rear fixed cylinder 26 from the machine. The hydraulic pump 11 drives the steering sprocket shaft 41 of the rear fixed steering mechanism 25 to rotate, which in turn drives the steering sprocket 43 to rotate. The rotation of the steering sprocket 43 drives the cylindrical gear 42 to rotate, which in turn drives the double-sided rack 47 to rotate. The rotation of the double-sided rack 47 drives the frame 19 to rotate, thereby driving the entire machine to rotate. The entire machine rotates to enter the next working surface. At this time, the front end of the first working surface becomes the rear end of the second working surface, and the rear end of the first working surface becomes the front end of the second working surface. After the rear end of the second working surface is fixed, the work of the second working surface begins.

[0036] The frame 19 is also equipped with a step excavation and drilling mechanism 12. The step excavation and drilling mechanism 12 includes a transverse rack 33 mounted on the frame 19, a vertical connecting rod 48 with an upper spur gear shaft 49 at its upper end and a longitudinal rack 20 at its lower end, an upper spur gear 21 mounted on the upper spur gear shaft 49 and meshing with the transverse rack 33, a middle spur gear 13 mounted on the middle spur gear shaft 57 and meshing with the longitudinal rack 20, a middle spur gear shaft sleeve mounted on the longitudinal rack 20, and the middle spur gear shaft 57 can slide forward and backward along the middle spur gear shaft sleeve; the lower end of the middle spur gear shaft 57 is connected to an upper connecting plate 56 via a bearing, the upper connecting plate 56 is connected to a lifting drive mechanism, the lifting drive mechanism is connected to a conversion joint 50, the conversion joint 50 is used to connect a step excavation cutter or a drill bit, and the lifting drive mechanism is used to drive the conversion joint 50 to rise and fall.

[0037] The lifting drive mechanism includes a rack 55, with two racks 55 on the left and right connected to the upper connecting plate 56. A lower spherical gear 53 is mounted on a lower spherical gear shaft 52 and meshes with the racks 55. A lower connecting plate 51 connects the two lower spherical gear shafts 52. The upper end of the central shaft 54 ​​is connected to the lower connecting plate 51 via a bearing, and the lower end is connected to the conversion joint 50.

[0038] The function and working principle of the step excavation and drilling mechanism 12 are as follows: the hydraulic pump 11 drives the central shaft 54 ​​to rotate, which in turn drives the step excavation cutter or drill bit to rotate. While the step excavation cutter or drill bit is rotating, it can also move left and right, forward and backward and up and down, thereby completing the step 2 excavation or drilling operation.

[0039] The working principle of the left and right movement of the step excavation and drilling mechanism 12: The hydraulic pump 11 drives the upper spherical gear 21 to rotate. Since the upper spherical gear 21 meshes with the transverse rack 33, the rotation of the upper spherical gear 21 drives the upper spherical gear shaft 49 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the upper spherical gear shaft 49 drives the vertical connecting rod 48 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the vertical connecting rod 48 drives the longitudinal rack 20, the middle spherical gear 13, and the middle spherical gear shaft 57 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the longitudinal rack 20, the middle spherical gear 13, and the middle spherical gear shaft 57 drives the upper connecting plate 56 and the vertical rack 55 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the upper connecting plate 56 and the vertical rack 55 drives the lower connecting plate 51 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the lower connecting plate 51 drives the central shaft 54 ​​to move left and right. The left and right movement of the central shaft 54 ​​drives the excavation cutter or drill bit to move left and right.

[0040] The working principle of the forward and backward movement of the step excavation and drilling mechanism 12: The hydraulic pump 11 drives the middle spherical gear shaft 57 to rotate. Since the middle spherical gear 13 meshes with the longitudinal rack 20, the middle spherical gear shaft 57 moves forward and backward along the middle spherical gear shaft sleeve while rotating. The forward and backward movement of the middle spherical gear shaft 57 drives the upper connecting plate 56 and the vertical rack 55 to move forward and backward. The forward and backward movement of the upper connecting plate 56 and the vertical rack 55 drives the lower connecting plate 51 to move forward and backward. The forward and backward movement of the lower connecting plate 51 drives the central shaft 54 ​​to move forward and backward. The forward and backward movement of the central shaft 54 ​​drives the excavation cutter or drill bit to move forward and backward.

[0041] The working principle of the up-and-down movement of the step excavation and drilling mechanism 12: The hydraulic pump 11 drives the lower spur gear shaft 52 to rotate. Since the lower spur gear 53 meshes with the vertical rack 55, the lower spur gear shaft 52 can move up and down while rotating. The up-and-down movement of the lower spur gear shaft 52 drives the lower connecting plate 51 to move up and down. The up-and-down movement of the lower connecting plate 51 drives the central shaft 54 ​​to move up and down. The up-and-down movement of the central shaft 54 ​​drives the excavation cutter or drill head to move up and down.

[0042] The principle of adjusting the construction width of the step: Since the step excavation and drilling mechanism 12 is equipped with multiple excavation cutters, the number of excavation cutters is calculated by the design width of step 2 and the diameter of the excavation cutters. The sum of the diameters of the multiple excavation cutters must be greater than the design width of step 2. The multiple excavation cutters are set in front and behind. By adjusting the left and right overlap of the excavation cutters, the construction width of the step 2 can be made to be the design width of step 2.

[0043] The principle of adjusting the construction height of step 2: Since the design height of multiple steps 2 is different, the construction height of step 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the excavation cutter.

[0044] Adjustment of drilling position and depth in step 2: Find the drilling position by moving the drill bit left and right and back and forth, and adjust the drilling depth by moving the drill bit up and down.

[0045] An engine 29 is mounted on the frame 19. The engine 29 is connected to a gearbox 30, a transfer case 31, a hydraulic motor 10, and a hydraulic pump 11. These components constitute the power system of the construction machinery of the present invention, providing power to other mechanisms and devices. The hydraulic motor 10, hydraulic pump 11, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic pipe, hydraulic valve, etc., constitute the hydraulic system.

[0046] The frame 19 is also equipped with a walking device 32, which includes an axle, a hub, and a tire. The axle is mounted on the frame 19 and is driven by the hydraulic pump 11. The rotation of the axle drives the hub and tire to rotate, thus enabling the machine to move. The speed of the machine can be adjusted by adjusting the speed of the axle through the hydraulic pump 11.

[0047] The frame 19 is equipped with a cutting device, which includes a cutting shaft 14 mounted on the frame 19 and a cutting blade 15 connected to the cutting shaft 14. The frame 19 is equipped with five sets of cutting devices for the front, back, left, right and bottom, respectively for cutting the back, sides and bottom.

[0048] A cooling device is provided on the frame 19. The cooling device includes a water tank 28 disposed on the frame 19. The water tank 28 is connected to a water pump 27. The water pump 27 is connected to an air compressor 24. The air compressor 24 is connected to a nozzle 23. The nozzle 23 is disposed near the cutting blade 15 to facilitate cooling.

[0049] The frame 19 is equipped with a hoisting device 18, which includes a universal boom 16 mounted on the frame 19, and a hook 17 and a wire rope 18 mounted on the universal boom 16.

[0050] The working principle of the hoisting device is as follows: First, the wire rope 18 is passed through the step hole 3 and connected to the bolt hole of the guide fixing pipe 8 through the bolt joint 58. Then, the universal boom 16 extends and hooks the hook 17 to the wire rope 18 passing through the step hole 3, and the excavated body 5 is hoisted to the upper part of the fill body 6. The excavated body 5 falls to the set position under its own weight and is positioned by the rubber damping block 7 of the guide fixing pipe 8.

[0051] The frame 19 is also equipped with a control system 22 consisting of control elements, control software, operation switches, etc. The control system 22 can control the speed of the drill core, the sinking amount and sinking speed of the fixed cylinder 26, the rotation speed and rotation amount of the whole machine, the excavation position or drilling position and hole depth of the step 2, the excavation and drilling speed of the step 2, the excavation working direction of the step 2, the width and height of the step 2, and the hoisting speed, height and position, etc.

[0052] The integrated construction technology for semi-fill / semi-cut rock subgrade of highways involves first locating the boundary point of the semi-fill / semi-cut rock subgrade based on the design elevation of the subgrade top, and then determining the construction plan based on the location of the boundary point. If the boundary point is exactly near the centerline of the subgrade, this is the optimal result; the excavated rock mass can be moved entirely to the fill subgrade, achieving a perfect balance between fill and cut. If the boundary point leans towards the fill, the fill volume is smaller than the excavation volume. The excavation volume to be moved can be determined based on the fill volume, and the remaining excavation volume can be mined and processed into stone for drainage, guardrail concrete works, and other areas with uneven fill-cut. If the boundary point leans towards the cut, the fill volume is larger than the excavation volume. The fill-cut balance point (located below the boundary point) should be found first. At the fill-cut balance point, the excavated rock mass is moved entirely to the fill subgrade. Since the fill-cut balance point is below the boundary point, the top of the subgrade after the overall movement will not reach the design height; the missing portion will be filled with the excess excavated stone.

[0053] The specific design scheme is as follows: First, locate the boundary point and cut-fill balance point of the semi-fill / semi-cut rock roadbed, delineate the construction area of ​​the mountain to be moved, and determine the construction plan and starting point. Based on the specific parameters of fill body 6 and cut body 5, determine the number, width, height, and location coordinates of construction steps 2 for fill body 6 and cut body 5, ensuring that after construction, cut body 5 is moved exactly into fill body 6 (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 1 As shown, 4 represents the mountain surface. Both the excavated body 5 and the fill body 6 have circular holes. A guide fixing pipe 8 is installed in the circular hole of the step 2 of the fill body 6. A rubber damping block 7 is installed on the pipe body of the guide fixing pipe 8. The damping block reduces the falling speed of the excavated body 5 during installation and fixes its position. A screw hole is opened at the upper end of the guide fixing pipe 8, and a positioning hole is opened on the fixing steel plate 1. Bolts 9 pass through the positioning holes to connect the guide fixing pipe 8. The processed excavated body 5 and fill body 6 are fixed together as one unit through the fixing steel plate 1, the guide fixing pipe 8, and the bolts 9.

[0054] The specific construction plan is as follows: using the mechanical excavation step 2 of the present invention, drilling holes, cutting the excavated body 5, installing the guide fixing pipe 8, moving the processed excavated body 5 into the processed fill body 6, and finally fixing the processed excavated body 5 and fill body 6 into one piece using the fixing steel plate 1, the guide fixing pipe 8, and the bolts 9.

[0055] The integral construction process for semi-fill and semi-cut rock subgrade of highways includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Determine the boundary point of the semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed according to the design elevation of the top of the roadbed;

[0057] Step 2: Calculate the fill-cut balance point for the semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed based on the total width of the roadbed and the external dimensions of the mountain.

[0058] Step 3: Based on the boundary point and fill-cut balance point of the semi-filled and semi-cut rock roadbed, delineate the construction area of ​​the mountain to be moved and determine the construction starting point; based on the specific parameters of fill body 6 and cut body 5, determine the number, width, height and location coordinates of construction steps 2 of fill body 6 and cut body 5.

[0059] Step 4: Drive the integrated construction machinery for semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed of the highway to the pre-set construction site, turn on the core drilling button to start the core sampling operation; after the core sampling operation is completed, turn on the core retraction button, and the core drill cylinder 34 moves up to the set position; then turn on the fixing button, and the fixing cylinder 26 descends into the core hole and is fixed in the core hole by friction, thereby completing the fixing of the whole machine.

[0060] Step 5: Based on the designed width and height of step 2, determine the number, position, and depth of the excavation cutter. Then, turn on the step 2 excavation button, and the excavation cutter will excavate step 2 at the set speed and direction.

[0061] Step 6: Move the drill bit to the set position, turn on the drill button, and complete the drilling work;

[0062] Step 7: Adjust the cutting blade 15 to the set position, turn on the cutting button, and complete the cutting of the cube 5;

[0063] Step 8: Install the guide fixing tube 8 into the step hole 3;

[0064] Step 9: Pass the wire rope 18 through the stepped hole 3 and connect the bolt joint 58 at its end to the bolt hole of the guide fixing pipe 8. Then extend the universal boom 16 and hook the hook 17 onto the wire rope 18 passing through the stepped hole 3. Lift the excavated body 5 to the upper part of the fill body 6. The excavated body 5 falls along the guide fixing pipe 8 to the set position under its own weight and is positioned by the rubber damping block 7. Remove the bolt joint 58 of the wire rope 18 from the guide fixing pipe 8.

[0065] Step 10: Align the guide fixing tube 8 with the positioning hole, place the fixing steel plate 1 above the excavation body 5, install the bolt 9 into the screw hole at the upper end of the guide fixing tube 8, and fix the processed excavation body 5 and filling body 6 into one piece.

[0066] The present invention relates to an integrated construction machine for semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbeds on highways. The machine frame 19 comprises an engine 29, a gearbox 30, a transfer case 31, a hydraulic motor 10, and a hydraulic pump 11, forming the power system of the construction machine and providing power to other components and devices. The fixed steering mechanism 25 has both fixing and steering functions. The fixing function of the fixed steering mechanism 25 is to secure the entire machine to the rock roadbed, ensuring safety during excavation of steps 2, drilling, hoisting, and other operations. The steering function of the fixed steering mechanism 25 is that after the machine completes the work set for the first working face, since a fixed steering mechanism 25 is set at each end of the machine, the front fixed steering mechanism 25 ceases its fixing function, and the rear fixed steering mechanism 25... Mechanism 25 performs a turning operation, causing the entire machine to rotate and enter the next working face. At this time, the front end of the first working face becomes the rear end of the second working face, and the rear end of the first working face becomes the front end of the second working face. This cycle is repeated to complete the work on all working faces. The function of the step excavation and drilling mechanism 12 is to drive the central shaft 54 ​​to rotate through the hydraulic pump 11, thereby driving the step excavation cutter or drill bit to rotate. While the step excavation cutter or drill bit is rotating, it can also move left and right, forward and backward, and up and down, thereby completing the step 2 excavation or drilling operation. The large-volume stone roadbed rapid construction machinery and process of the present invention can effectively assist operators in the overall construction of semi-fill and semi-excavation stone roadbeds of highways, improve construction efficiency, and reduce construction costs.

Claims

1. A rapid construction machine for large-volume stone roadbed, comprising a frame (19), characterized in that: A fixed steering mechanism (25) is provided on the frame (19). The fixed steering mechanism (25) includes a double-sided rack (47) vertically arranged on the frame (19), a fixed spur gear (46) arranged on the spur gear shaft (45) and meshing with the external teeth of the double-sided rack (47), an L-shaped connecting rod (40) with the upper end connected to the spur gear shaft (45), a clutch (44) arranged in the middle, and a fixed cylinder (26) connected to the lower end. The fixed cylinder (26) is a conical cylinder. The lower end of the double-sided rack (47) is connected to a cylindrical gear (42), a steering spur gear (43) is arranged on the steering spur gear shaft (41) and meshing with the cylindrical gear (42). The steering spur gear shaft (41) is arranged on the connecting rod (40) through a bearing. The fixed steering mechanism (25) also includes a core drill cylinder (34), which can move up and down along the height direction of the double-sided rack (47). The frame (19) is also provided with a step excavation and drilling mechanism (12). The step excavation and drilling mechanism (12) includes a transverse rack (33) on the frame (19), a vertical connecting rod (48) with an upper spur gear shaft (49) at the upper end and a longitudinal rack (20) at the lower end, an upper spur gear (21) on the upper spur gear shaft (49) and meshing with the transverse rack (33), a middle spur gear (13) on the middle spur gear shaft (57) and meshing with the longitudinal rack (20), the lower end of the middle spur gear shaft (57) being connected to an upper connecting plate (56) via a bearing, the upper connecting plate (56) being connected to a lifting drive mechanism, the lifting drive mechanism being connected to a conversion joint (50), the conversion joint (50) being used to connect a step excavation cutter or a drill bit, and the lifting drive mechanism being used to drive the conversion joint (50) to lift.

2. The rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An engine (29) is mounted on the frame (19), and the engine (29) is connected in sequence to a gearbox (30), a transfer case (31), a hydraulic motor (10), and a hydraulic pump (11).

3. The rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The frame (19) is also provided with a walking device (32), which includes an axle, a hub and a tire. The axle is located on the frame (19) and is driven by the hydraulic pump (11).

4. The rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed steering mechanism (25) also includes a core gear (39) that meshes with the internal teeth of the double-sided rack (47). One end of the transverse connecting rod (38) is connected to the core gear shaft (35), and the other end is connected to the core shaft (37) through a bearing. The core gear (39) is rotatably mounted on the core gear shaft (35), and the lower end of the core shaft (37) is connected to the core cylinder (34).

5. The rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism includes a rack (55), with the left and right racks (55) connected to the upper connecting plate (56). A lower spur gear (53) is mounted on the lower spur gear shaft (52) and meshes with the rack (55). A lower connecting plate (51) is connected between the two lower spur gear shafts (52). The upper end of the central shaft (54) is connected to the lower connecting plate (51) through a bearing, and the lower end is connected to the conversion joint (50).

6. The rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (19) is provided with a cutting device, which includes a cutting shaft (14) on the frame (19) and a cutting blade (15) connected to the cutting shaft (14). The frame (19) is provided with five sets of cutting devices in the front, back, left, right and bottom, respectively for cutting the back, sides and bottom.

7. The rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A cooling device is provided on the frame (19). The cooling device includes a water tank (28) provided on the frame (19). The water tank (28) is connected to a water pump (27). The water pump (27) is connected to an air compressor (24). The air compressor (24) is connected to a nozzle (23). The nozzle (23) is located near the cutting blade (15) to facilitate cooling it.

8. The rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (19) is provided with a hoisting device, which includes a universal boom (16) on the frame (19), and the universal boom (16) is provided with a hook (17) and a wire rope (18).

9. A rapid construction technology for large-volume stone roadbeds, which uses the rapid construction machinery for large-volume stone roadbeds as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the boundary point of the semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed according to the design elevation of the top of the roadbed; Step 2: Calculate the fill-cut balance point for the semi-fill and semi-cut rock roadbed based on the total width of the roadbed and the external dimensions of the mountain. Step 3: Based on the boundary point and fill-cut balance point of the semi-filled and semi-cut rock roadbed, divide the construction area of ​​the mountain to be moved and determine the construction starting point; based on the specific parameters of the fill body (6) and the cut body (5), determine the number, width, height and position coordinates of the construction steps (2) of the fill body (6) and the cut body (5); Step 4: Drive the large-volume stone roadbed rapid construction machinery to the preset construction site, turn on the core drilling button, and start the core sampling operation; after the core sampling operation is completed, turn on the core retraction button, and the core drill cylinder (34) moves up to the set position; then turn on the fixing button, and the fixing cylinder (26) descends into the core hole and is fixed in the core hole under the action of friction, thereby completing the fixing of the whole machine; Step 5: Based on the designed width and height of the step (2), determine the number, position and depth of the excavation cutter, and then turn on the step (2) excavation button. The excavation cutter will excavate the step (2) according to the set speed and direction. Step 6: Move the drill bit to the set position, turn on the drill button, and complete the drilling work; Step 7: Adjust the cutting blade (15) to the set position, turn on the cutting button, and complete the cutting of the cube (5); Step 8: Install the guide fixing pipe (8) in the step hole (3) set in the excavated body (5); Step 9: Pass the wire rope (18) through the step hole (3) and connect the bolt joint (58) at its end to the bolt hole of the guide fixing pipe (8). Then extend the universal boom (16) and hook the hook (17) onto the wire rope (18) passing through the step hole (3). Lift the excavated body (5) to the upper part of the fill body (6). The excavated body (5) falls to the set position along the guide fixing pipe (8) under its own weight and is positioned by the rubber damping block (7). Remove the bolt joint (58) of the wire rope (18) from the guide fixing pipe (8). Step 10: Align the guide fixing tube (8) with the positioning hole set on the fixing steel plate (1), place the fixing steel plate (1) above the excavation body (5), install the bolt (9) into the screw hole at the upper end of the guide fixing tube (8), and fix the processed excavation body (5) and filling body (6) into one piece.

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