Damping device and pretension force adjustment method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy dissipation and shock absorption of engineering structures, in particular to a damping device and a pre-tension adjusting method. The damping device comprises a bearing mechanism, an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate with the same size as the upper cover plate, a movable mechanism, a fixed plate arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, a friction plate also arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, a fastening mechanism, a plurality of fastening bolts arranged on the upper cover plate and a plurality of nuts matched with the fastening bolts, and an adjusting mechanism. The application can control the size of sliding resistance by controlling the pre-tightening force of the bolts, match different SMA wire bundle quantity ratios, realize the maximum energy dissipation capacity on the basis of guaranteeing the self-resetting capacity of a structure system, adjust the size of sliding resistance, make the hysteresis curve no longer rectangular, effectively improve the rigidity of the structure and avoid single energy dissipation form.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy dissipation and vibration reduction technology for engineering structures, and in particular to a damping device and a method for adjusting preload. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional seismic design aims to enhance a structure's energy dissipation and deformation capacity, promptly dissipate seismic energy, and increase its displacement and deformation limits to resist earthquakes. However, statistics on earthquake damage worldwide over the past few decades show that even structures with sufficient energy dissipation and deformation capacity that do not collapse in the initial earthquake often suffer from significant residual displacement, rendering them unusable and more susceptible to damage in aftershocks. Performance-based seismic design emphasizes the post-earthquake recovery capacity of structures, shifting the design philosophy from seismic resistance and damping to post-earthquake performance recovery design. To enhance a structure's self-correcting performance while ensuring its energy dissipation capacity, passively controlling deformation using self-correcting components, such as dampers and energy-dissipating braces, is an effective, reliable, and economical method for structural vibration control.

[0003] Displacement-dependent dampers mainly include friction dampers, which are widely used due to their advantages such as high energy dissipation capacity, low price, and easy installation. However, traditional friction dampers also have some problems, such as the inability to adjust the sliding resistance, a rectangular hysteresis curve, and the inability to improve the stiffness of the structure, as well as a single energy dissipation method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems of the above or existing technologies, such as the inability to adjust the magnitude of sliding resistance, the rectangular hysteresis curve, the inability to improve the stiffness of the structure, and the single energy dissipation mode, this invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a damping device.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a supporting mechanism including an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate with the same dimensions and specifications as the upper cover plate; a movable mechanism including a fixed plate disposed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and a friction plate also disposed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; a fastening mechanism including a plurality of fastening bolts disposed on the upper cover plate, and a plurality of nuts adapted to the fastening bolts; and an adjusting mechanism including a wire bundle disposed on the fixed plate, and a pre-tensioning anchor disposed on the fixed plate and the friction plate; wherein the relative positions of the fixed plate and the upper and lower cover plates are fixed, and the friction plate is movable within a limited range between the upper and lower cover plates.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the damping device of the present invention, both the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are provided with bolt holes, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate can press the fixing plate together by a fastening mechanism.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the damping device of the present invention, the fixed plate and the friction plate are each provided with a plurality of first circular holes along the first direction, the fixed plate is provided with a first through-hole along the second direction, the friction plate is also provided with a long slot along the first direction, and the friction plate is provided with a second through-hole along the second direction; wherein, the first through-hole and the second through-hole have the same size specifications, and the limited range is the length range of the long slot.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the damping device of the present invention, the wire bundle is made of shape memory alloy SMA wire bundle.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the damping device of the present invention, the wire bundle can pass through the first central through-hole and the second central through-hole.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the damping device of the present invention, the contact surfaces of the friction plate with the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are all subjected to a grinding and rust removal process, which can avoid wear caused by uneven sliding friction surfaces and thus change of sliding friction force.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the damping device of the present invention, the wire bundle passes through the first central through-hole and the second central through-hole and is anchored to the fixed plate and the friction plate respectively by pre-tensioned anchors.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a preload adjustment method, including a damping device, and, step one: measuring the relationship between torque and bolt tension; step two: calculating sliding friction force using a formula; step three: controlling the adjustment of preload by adjusting the fastening bolt.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the preload adjustment method of the present invention, the calculation formula is as follows: T=KF0d→F0=T / Kd N b v =0.9n f μF0 In the formula, T represents the tightening torque, with units of N·m; K represents the tightening torque coefficient; F0 represents the preload, with units of N; d represents the nominal thread diameter, with units of mm; N b v Indicates the shear bearing capacity of the preloaded bolt; n f The number of force-transmitting friction surfaces is represented by μ; μ represents the anti-slip coefficient of the friction surfaces.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the preload adjustment method of the present invention, it further includes applying grease to the sliding friction surface, which can delay damage to the friction surface.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention can control the magnitude of the preload of the bolts and the magnitude of the sliding resistance to match different SMA filament ratios, thereby achieving the maximum energy dissipation capacity while ensuring that the structural system has self-resetting capability. The present invention can adjust the magnitude of the sliding resistance, and the hysteresis curve is no longer rectangular, effectively improving the rigidity of the structure and avoiding a single energy dissipation form. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall damping device.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure below the upper cover plate of the damping device.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the damping device.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the structure at the fixing plate and friction plate of the damping device.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the superelasticity of shape memory alloys.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the SMA characteristics. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0027] Example 1, referring to Figures 1 to 6 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a damping device, including a bearing mechanism 100, comprising an upper cover plate 101 and a lower cover plate 102 having the same dimensions as the upper cover plate 101; a movable mechanism 200, comprising a fixing plate 201 disposed between the upper cover plate 101 and the lower cover plate 102, and a friction plate 202 also disposed between the upper cover plate 101 and the lower cover plate 102; and a fastening mechanism 300, comprising a plurality of fastening bolts 301 disposed on the upper cover plate 101, wherein the fastening bolts 301 have a lower part of The system includes a disc-shaped gasket to prevent the fastening bolt 301 from loosening, and multiple nuts 302 adapted to the fastening bolt 301; an adjustment mechanism 400 including a wire rope 401 disposed on the fixed plate 201, the wire rope 401 being made of shape memory alloy SMA wire rope, and a pre-tensioned anchor 402 disposed on the fixed plate 201 and the friction plate 202; wherein the fixed plate 201 is fixed in relative position to the upper cover plate 101 and the lower cover plate 102, and the friction plate 202 is able to move within a limited range between the upper cover plate 101 and the lower cover plate 102.

[0028] Specifically, both the upper cover plate 101 and the lower cover plate 102 are provided with bolt holes 101a, and the upper cover plate 101 and the lower cover plate 102 can press the fixing plate 201 together through the fastening mechanism 300.

[0029] Furthermore, both the fixing plate 201 and the friction plate 202 are provided with a plurality of first circular holes 201a along the first direction, the fixing plate 201 is provided with a first through hole 201b along the second direction, the friction plate 202 is also provided with a long slot 202a along the first direction, and the friction plate 202 is provided with a second through hole 202b along the second direction; wherein, the first through hole 201b and the second through hole 202b have the same size and specifications, and the limited range is the length range of the long slot 202a.

[0030] The first direction is set as the thickness direction of the fixing plate 201 and the friction plate 202, and the second direction is set as the long side direction of the fixing plate 201 and the friction plate 202.

[0031] Preferably, the contact surfaces of the friction plate 202 with the upper cover plate 101 and the lower cover plate 102 are all subjected to a grinding and rust removal process, which can avoid wear caused by uneven sliding friction surfaces and thus change the sliding friction force.

[0032] It should be noted that the wire bundle 401 can pass through the first through-hole 201b and the second through-hole 202b.

[0033] In use, the wire rope 401 passes through the first through hole 201b and the second through hole 202b and is anchored to the fixed plate 201 and the friction plate 202 respectively through the pre-tensioned anchor 402.

[0034] During use, the preload of the fastening bolt 301 can be controlled to adjust the sliding resistance, thereby matching different SMA filament ratios. This ensures that the structural system has self-resetting capability while maximizing energy dissipation. The damper achieves self-resetting performance of the connection node and enhances the energy dissipation capability of the structure. The invention has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient installation and disassembly, meets the requirements of prefabricated construction, and is suitable for mass production.

[0035] Example 2, refer to Figures 1-6 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a preload adjustment method, which includes the damping device described above, and further includes: Step 1: Measuring the relationship between torque and bolt tension; Step 2: Calculating sliding friction force using a calculation formula; Step 3: Controlling the adjustment of preload by adjusting the fastening bolt 301.

[0036] Specifically, the calculation formula is as follows: T=KF0d→F0=T / Kd N b v =0.9n f μF0 In the formula, T represents the tightening torque, with units of N·m; K represents the tightening torque coefficient; F0 represents the preload, with units of N; d represents the nominal thread diameter, with units of mm; N b v Indicates the shear bearing capacity of the preloaded bolt; n f The number of force-transmitting friction surfaces is represented by μ; μ represents the anti-slip coefficient of the friction surfaces.

[0037] Furthermore, applying grease to the sliding friction surface can delay damage to the friction surface.

[0038] Furthermore, the friction plate 202 and the fixing plate 201 are in opposite directions to the connection end at the point of use, and their connection holes are connected to the node plate through pins.

[0039] The rest of the structure is the same as in Example 1.

[0040] In use, first prepare a torque measuring instrument, a bolt tension measuring instrument, and relevant test samples. Install the bolt to be tested on an appropriate device and ensure that its stress condition meets the experimental requirements. Apply torque to the bolt using the torque measuring instrument and record the corresponding torque value. Perform a tension test on the bolt using the bolt tension measuring instrument and record the corresponding tension value. Process the measured torque and bolt tension data to obtain their relationship. Based on the above calculation formula, use the measured torque and bolt tension data to calculate the value of sliding friction. Ensure the calculation process is accurate to obtain an accurate sliding friction value. Based on the calculated sliding friction value, adjust the bolt preload by adjusting the tightening bolt. Ensure that the adjustment is carried out step by step as required to avoid excessive or insufficient preload affecting the results. In actual use, grease can be applied to the sliding friction surface to delay damage to the friction surface. Select an appropriate type of grease and apply it according to the actual situation to ensure that its coverage is wide and uniform.

[0041] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0043] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0044] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A damping device, characterized by: include, The support mechanism (100) includes an upper cover plate (101) and a lower cover plate (102) that is exactly the same size and specifications as the upper cover plate (101). The active mechanism (200) includes a fixing plate (201) disposed between the upper cover plate (101) and the lower cover plate (102), and a friction plate (202) also disposed between the upper cover plate (101) and the lower cover plate (102). The fastening mechanism (300) includes a plurality of fastening bolts (301) disposed on the upper cover plate (101) and a plurality of nuts (302) adapted to the fastening bolts (301). The adjustment mechanism (400) includes a wire rope (401) disposed on the fixed plate (201) and a pre-tensioning anchor (402) disposed on the fixed plate (201) and the friction plate (202). The fixed plate (201) is provided with a first through hole (201b) along the second direction. The friction plate (202) is also provided with a long slot (202a) along the first direction. The friction plate (202) is provided with a second through hole (202b) along the second direction. The wire rope (401) passes through the first through hole (201b) and the second through hole (202b) and is anchored to the fixed plate (201) and the friction plate (202) respectively by the pre-tensioning anchor (402). The wire rope (401) is made of shape memory alloy SMA wire rope. The fixed plate (201) is fixed in relative position to the upper cover plate (101) and the lower cover plate (102). The friction plate (202) can move within a limited range between the upper cover plate (101) and the lower cover plate (102). The first through-hole (201b) and the second through-hole (202b) have the same size specifications. The limited range is the length range of the long slot (202a).

2. The damping device of claim 1, wherein: Both the upper cover plate (101) and the lower cover plate (102) are provided with bolt holes (101a), and the upper cover plate (101) and the lower cover plate (102) can press the fixing plate (201) together by the fastening mechanism (300).

3. Damping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Both the fixing plate (201) and the friction plate (202) are provided with a plurality of first circular holes (201a) along the first direction.

4. The damping device of claim 3, wherein: The wire bundle (401) can pass through the first through hole (201b) and the second through hole (202b).

5. The damping device of claim 4, wherein: The contact surfaces of the friction plate (202) with the upper cover plate (101) and the lower cover plate (102) are all subjected to grinding and rust removal processes, which can avoid wear caused by uneven sliding friction surfaces and thus change the sliding friction force.

6. A pretension force adjustment method characterized by: Including the damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: Step 1: Determine the relationship between torque and bolt tension; Step 2: Calculate the sliding friction force using the formula; Step 3: Adjust the preload by adjusting the fastening bolt (301).

7. The preload adjustment method as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula is as follows: T=KF0d→F0=T / Kd Nbv=0.9nfμF0 In the formula, T represents the tightening torque, with the unit being N·m; K represents the tightening torque coefficient; F0 represents the preload, with the unit being N; d represents the nominal diameter of the thread, with the unit being mm; Nbv represents the shear bearing capacity of the preloaded bolt; nf represents the number of force-transmitting friction surfaces; and μ represents the anti-slip coefficient of the friction surfaces.

8. The pretension force adjustment method according to claim 7, characterized by: This also includes applying grease to the sliding friction surface, which can delay damage to the friction surface.

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