Electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system, waste incinerator and waste power generation system

Abstract

This invention provides an electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system, a waste incinerator, and a waste-to-energy system, including an electric drive unit, a hydraulic drive unit, and a control unit. The control unit performs the following steps: acquiring the operating information of the waste incinerator and using this information to predict the operating conditions of the waste incinerator within a target time period; determining, based on the operating conditions within the target time period, first drive information for the electric drive unit and second drive information for the hydraulic drive unit within the target time period; and controlling the operation of the electric drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit within the target time period based on the first and second drive information. By incorporating a faster-responding electric drive unit and simultaneously predicting the operating conditions of subsequent time periods based on the operation of the waste incinerator, the movement of the grate is planned, thereby enabling the electric drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit to output different driving forces according to the plan, achieving rapid and precise grate control, and ensuring the stable operation of the waste incineration boiler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste incineration power generation technology, and particularly relates to an electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system, a waste incinerator, and a waste power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] Waste incineration boilers are crucial core equipment in waste-to-energy plants. The grate is one of the key components, directly affecting the combustion efficiency and processing capacity of the waste. The grate's main function is to mechanically move and tumble the waste, ensuring it is thoroughly mixed with hot air, dried, ignited, and combusted during the incineration process. Grate operation control is a critical factor in controlling the combustion efficiency of waste within the incinerator.

[0003] Traditional grate control is hydraulically driven, meaning the grate's movement is controlled by a hydraulic motor. While hydraulic drives offer strong power, the physical properties of the hydraulic fluid (such as viscosity) in the system cause a delay in force transmission and motion. The flow of fluid in the pipes and the movement of the piston within the hydraulic cylinder both require time. This is especially problematic when the system needs to transmit significant forces; the slow flow of fluid and the slow response of the hydraulic cylinder can lead to untimely control and ineffective management of the waste incineration boiler's operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system, a waste incinerator, and a waste-to-energy system, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art that the grate drive is not timely and cannot effectively control the working status of the waste incineration boiler.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides an electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system, comprising: an electrical drive unit, a hydraulic drive unit, and a control unit;

[0006] Both the electric drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit are connected to the control unit;

[0007] The control unit is used to perform the following steps:

[0008] The system acquires operational information about the waste incinerator and, based on the current operational information, predicts the incinerator's operating conditions during a target time period; where the target time period is the next time period after the current time period.

[0009] Based on the operating conditions within the target time period, determine the first drive information of the electric drive unit and the second drive information of the hydraulic drive unit within the target time period;

[0010] Based on the first driving information and the second driving information, the operation of the electric drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit is controlled within the target time period.

[0011] A second aspect of the present invention provides a waste incinerator, including a grate and an electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system as described in the first aspect above.

[0012] A third aspect of the present invention provides a waste-to-energy system, including the waste incinerator of the first aspect above.

[0013] The electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system, waste incinerator, and waste-to-energy system provided in this invention include an electric drive unit, a hydraulic drive unit, and a control unit. Both the electric drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit are connected to the control unit. The control unit performs the following steps: acquiring the operating information of the waste incinerator and predicting the operating conditions of the waste incinerator in a target time period based on the operating information of the current time period; wherein the target time period is the next time period after the current time period; determining the first drive information of the electric drive unit and the second drive information of the hydraulic drive unit in the target time period based on the operating conditions; and controlling the operation of the electric drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit in the target time period based on the first drive information and the second drive information. By adding a faster-responding electric drive unit and predicting the operating conditions of subsequent time periods based on the operation of the waste incinerator, the movement of the grate is planned, thereby enabling the electric drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit to output different driving forces according to the plan, achieving rapid and precise grate control, and ensuring the stable operation of the waste incineration boiler. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system includes: an electrical drive unit 11, a hydraulic drive unit 12, and a control unit 13; wherein, both the electrical drive unit 11 and the hydraulic drive unit 12 are connected to the control unit 13.

[0018] The control unit 13 is used to perform the following steps: acquiring the operation information of the waste incinerator, and predicting the operation status of the waste incinerator in a target time period based on the operation information of the current time period; wherein, the target time period is the next time period after the current time period; determining the first drive information of the electric drive unit 11 and the second drive information of the hydraulic drive unit 12 in the target time period based on the operation status in the target time period; and controlling the operation of the electric drive unit 11 and the hydraulic drive unit 12 in the target time period based on the first drive information and the second drive information.

[0019] In this embodiment of the invention, the current time period is the current working cycle, and the working cycle is different for each type of grate. For example, the feeding grate pushes the waste into the combustion chamber and then returns to its original position, which constitutes one working cycle. The target time period is the first working cycle after the current time period. The first driving information is the driving force of the electric driving unit 11 within the target time period, and the second driving information is the driving force of the hydraulic driving unit 12 within the target time period.

[0020] In some embodiments, the grate of a waste incinerator may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a feeding grate, a combustion grate, a burnout grate, a drying grate, a tilting grate, a vibrating grate, and a rotating grate.

[0021] In this embodiment of the invention, the feeding grate is located at the feed end of the incinerator, and its function is to uniformly feed the waste into the furnace. The feeding grate is usually designed with a special structure to accommodate waste of different shapes and sizes and to ensure that the waste can enter the furnace smoothly.

[0022] The combustion grate is located in the combustion zone of the incinerator, and its function is to support the combustion process of waste. Combustion grates are typically designed with an inclined angle and special surface structures to promote waste combustion and heat transfer. Combustion grates may also be equipped with auxiliary combustion devices, such as nozzles, to provide additional oxygen and heat.

[0023] The burnout grate is located at the outlet end of the incinerator, and its function is to ensure that the waste is fully burned and completely combusted before leaving the furnace. Burnout grates are typically designed with high combustion temperatures and special surface structures to promote complete combustion of waste and ash formation.

[0024] In some incinerator designs, especially when processing waste with high moisture content, a drying grate may be installed. The purpose of the drying grate is to evaporate the moisture from the waste through heating and ventilation before it enters the combustion zone, thereby improving the calorific value and combustion efficiency of the waste.

[0025] A tilting grate is a specially designed grate that turns the waste during incineration to promote uniform combustion and reduce the residence time of waste in the furnace. Tilting grates are typically suitable for incinerators that process sticky or lumpy waste.

[0026] A vibrating grate promotes waste combustion through vibration, allowing the waste to move continuously within the furnace for better combustion. Vibrating grates are suitable for incinerators processing smaller particles or powdery waste.

[0027] A rotary grate is a type of rotating grate that continuously feeds waste into the furnace and burns it during rotation. Rotary grates are suitable for incinerators that process granular or powdery waste.

[0028] In some embodiments, the operating information includes at least one of the following: boiler main steam data, waste thickness, waste combustion location, furnace temperature, waste residence time on the grate, waste humidity, and air supply data; the control unit 13 is used to: input the operating information of the current period into the first neural network model to predict the operating conditions of the waste incinerator in the target period.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the waste incineration boiler uses the reciprocating motion of a grate to continuously tumble the waste, achieving processes such as drying, combustion, and complete burning, generating steam to drive a generator to produce electricity. To improve combustion efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions, coordinated control of the boiler's main steam and grate movement is necessary. For example, by adjusting parameters such as grate speed and combustion air flow, a stable output of the boiler's main steam and a reasonable temperature distribution within the furnace can be achieved.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the main steam data of the boiler and the furnace temperature reflect the current operating conditions of the waste incinerator. The thickness of the waste, the location of the waste combustion, the residence time of the waste on the grate, the humidity of the waste, and the air supply data are all factors that affect the main steam data of the boiler and the furnace temperature. Therefore, based on the current operating conditions and the magnitude of these influencing factors, combined with the trained first neural network, the subsequent operating conditions of the waste incinerator can be accurately predicted.

[0031] The boiler main steam data includes main steam flow rate, main steam temperature, and main steam pressure. The air supply data includes air supply volume and primary air temperature.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, the operating data of the waste incinerator can be continuously recorded over multiple working cycles, and the operating conditions of the waste incinerator in these cycles can be determined. The operating data of the previous cycle is used as input, and the data of the next cycle is used as output to form a training set and a test set, which are then used to train the first neural network model.

[0033] In some embodiments, the control unit 13 is configured to: determine the target working information of the grate within the target time period based on the operating conditions within the target time period; and determine the first driving information of the electric drive unit 11 and the second driving information of the hydraulic drive unit 12 within the target time period based on the target working information and the proportional coefficient.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, the target working information includes movement speed, movement time, movement acceleration, movement response speed, etc., which are not limited here. The target working information is different for each type of grate. For example, the target working information for a feeding grate may include feeding movement speed, feeding acceleration, return speed, and feeding time. A table can be preset to store the target working information corresponding to each working condition, which can be looked up when needed.

[0035] The changes in parameters such as grate speed and acceleration depend on the changes in grate driving force. Therefore, after determining the target working information, the change in driving force required by the grate during the target time period can be calculated. Since this application uses a dual-drive system, after calculating the total required driving force, it needs to be allocated to the electric drive unit 11 and the hydraulic drive unit 12. The proportionality coefficient represents the ratio of the driving force borne by the electric drive unit 11 to the driving force borne by the hydraulic drive unit 12.

[0036] A fixed proportional coefficient (e.g., 0.5, meaning the driving force of the electric drive unit 11 is 0.5 times that of the hydraulic drive unit 12) can be preset by experts to allocate the driving force between the two drive units. Alternatively, the proportional coefficient can be adaptively adjusted according to different target working information. For example, the hydraulic drive unit 12 can withstand higher loads. When the feeding speed is high and the feeding acceleration is low (or the feeding response speed is low), the driving force undertaken by the hydraulic drive unit 12 should be increased, i.e., the proportional coefficient should be decreased. The electric drive unit 11 has a higher response speed. When the feeding speed is low and the feeding acceleration is high (or the feeding response speed is high), the driving force undertaken by the electric drive unit 11 should be increased, i.e., the proportional coefficient should be increased. The specific increase and decrease amounts are determined experimentally and are not limited here.

[0037] In some embodiments, the control unit 13 is configured to: determine the target working information of the grate within the target time period based on the operating conditions within the target time period; take the current driving information of the electric drive unit 11 and the current driving information of the hydraulic drive unit 12 as initial values, optimize based on the working information and particle swarm algorithm with the goal of minimizing energy loss and minimizing total response time, and obtain the first driving information of the electric drive unit 11 and the second driving information of the hydraulic drive unit 12 within the target time period.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, in addition to setting the proportional coefficient as described above, multi-objective optimization can also be performed using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to achieve the distribution of driving force between the two driving units.

[0039] The drive unit incurs energy loss during the driving process, the specific amount depending on the structure of the drive unit and the transmission efficiency of the transmission structure. This energy loss is particularly significant when the driving force changes. Therefore, this invention can be optimized to ultimately obtain a solution that minimizes the energy loss caused by changes in the driving force output by the two drive units.

[0040] For example, the current driving force of the electric drive unit 11 is 30N, and the current driving force of the hydraulic drive unit 12 is 70N. In the next working cycle, the required total driving force is 110N. If the energy loss of the hydraulic drive unit 12 is less than the energy loss of the electric drive unit 11, then the driving force of the electric drive unit 11 is still set to 30N, and the driving force of the hydraulic drive unit 12 is set to 80N.

[0041] In optimization, in addition to energy loss, response speed also needs to be considered. Under some operating conditions, if the grate cannot respond in time, the furnace temperature and main steam temperature will deviate from the required values ​​in the subsequent time, causing the actual power generation of the waste-to-energy system to deviate from the required power and the operation to be unstable.

[0042] In some embodiments, during a target time period, the control unit 13 is configured to: acquire operating information at at least one target time; determine a control deviation parameter based on the operating information at at least one target time and the target value of the operating information corresponding to the operating conditions during the target time period; and adjust the first drive information during the target time period based on the control deviation parameter.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the target time is the current time or any time before the current time. Since the first and second driving information mentioned above are obtained from the target operating information corresponding to the predicted operating conditions, if there is a deviation in the predicted operating conditions, the first and second driving information will also be unsuitable for the operation of the waste incinerator. To ensure stable operation, the operating information at each moment can be monitored in real time, and the actual values ​​and target values ​​of these operating information are compared to determine the control deviation parameter. The target value is determined based on the operating requirements of the waste incinerator (or the power generation requirements of the waste-to-energy system), and is not limited here. The difference between the actual value and the target value, divided by the target value, is the control deviation parameter.

[0044] Because the electric drive unit 11 has a higher response speed, the first drive information is adjusted first when a deviation occurs. The control deviation parameter multiplied by a preset coefficient is the adjustment value of the drive force of the electric drive unit 11.

[0045] In some embodiments, the hydraulic drive unit 12 includes a hydraulic pump, an energy storage device, and a hydraulic motor; the control unit 13 is used to send second drive information to the energy storage device; the energy storage device is used to control the operation of the hydraulic motor according to the second drive information; and the hydraulic pump is used to replenish the energy storage device with oil in the circuit.

[0046] In some embodiments, the electrical drive unit 11 includes a driver and a servo motor; the control unit 13 is used to send first drive information to the driver; the driver is used to control the operation of the servo motor according to the first drive information.

[0047] In some embodiments, the waste incinerator includes a grate and an electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system.

[0048] In some embodiments, a waste-to-energy system includes a waste incinerator.

[0049] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0050] By incorporating an electric drive unit 11 with a faster response speed, and predicting the operating conditions of subsequent periods based on the operation of the waste incinerator, the movement of the grate is planned. Thus, the electric drive unit 11 and the hydraulic drive unit 12 output different driving forces according to the plan, achieving fast and precise grate control and ensuring the stable operation of the waste incineration boiler.

[0051] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system, characterized in that, include: Electrical drive unit, hydraulic drive unit, and control unit; Both the electrical drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit are connected to the control unit; The control unit is used to perform the following steps: The system acquires the operating information of the waste incinerator and, based on the operating information of the current time period, predicts the operating conditions of the waste incinerator during a target time period; wherein, the target time period is the next time period after the current time period. Based on the operating conditions within the target time period, determine the first drive information of the electric drive unit and the second drive information of the hydraulic drive unit within the target time period; Based on the first driving information and the second driving information, the operation of the electric drive unit and the hydraulic drive unit is controlled within the target time period; The control unit is used for: Based on the operating conditions within the target time period, determine the target working information of the grate within the target time period; Using the current driving information of the electric drive unit and the current driving information of the hydraulic drive unit as initial values, and with the goal of minimizing energy loss and total response time, optimization is performed based on the working information and particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the first driving information of the electric drive unit and the second driving information of the hydraulic drive unit within the target time period.

2. The electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operational information includes at least one of the following: boiler main steam data, waste thickness, waste combustion location, furnace temperature, waste residence time on the grate, waste humidity, and air supply data; the control unit is used for: The current operating information is input into the first neural network model to predict the operating conditions of the waste incinerator during the target period.

3. The electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is used for: Based on the operating conditions within the target time period, determine the target working information of the grate within the target time period; Based on the target working information and the proportional coefficient, the first driving information of the electric drive unit and the second driving information of the hydraulic drive unit within the target time period are determined.

4. The electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the target time period, the control unit is used to: Obtain runtime information at at least one target time point; Based on the operating information at at least one target time and the target value of the operating information corresponding to the operating conditions within the target time period, the control deviation parameter is determined; Based on the control deviation parameters, adjust the first driving information within the target time period.

5. The electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic drive unit includes: a hydraulic pump, an energy accumulator, and a hydraulic motor; The control unit is used to send the second drive information to the energy storage device; the energy storage device is used to control the operation of the hydraulic motor according to the second drive information; the hydraulic pump is used to replenish the energy storage device with oil in the circuit.

6. The electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The electrical drive unit includes a driver and a servo motor; the control unit is used to send the first drive information to the driver; the driver is used to control the operation of the servo motor according to the first drive information.

7. The electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The grate of the waste incinerator includes at least one of the following: feeding grate, combustion grate, burnout grate, drying grate, tilting grate, vibrating grate, and rotating grate.

8. A waste incinerator, characterized in that, Includes a grate and an electro-hydraulic hybrid grate drive system as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A waste-to-energy system, characterized in that, Including the waste incinerator as described in claim 8 above.

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