A multi-range battery testing device and testing method based on multi-serial communication

Abstract

The application provides a multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial communication, comprising an intermediate layer controller and a plurality of independent power supply nodes, the intermediate layer controller and each power supply node are coupled and communicated through an independent communication interface, and the power supply nodes are coupled at both ends of a battery to be tested after being connected in parallel, wherein: the intermediate layer controller is used for providing a control voltage, a control current and an independent pulse synchronization signal for each power supply node, and performing phase control on each power supply node based on the pulse synchronization signal; and the power supply node is used for detecting the battery to be tested based on the control voltage, the control current and the test range of the power supply node. The application realizes multi-range battery testing, has small current ripple, accurate constant voltage control, and realizes fast current response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of battery research and development and manufacturing technology, specifically but not limited to a multi-range battery testing device and testing method based on multi-serial port communication. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of battery research and development and manufacturing, battery testing equipment is needed when sampling and testing batteries during the research and development of new batteries or after production.

[0003] Most current general-purpose battery testing equipment is single-range testing device, meaning the error is calculated as a percentage of the full-scale output current. Some manufacturers have also developed multi-range battery testing equipment. Multi-range equipment calculates the error as a percentage of each range, which improves accuracy compared to single-range equipment, offers versatility, and reduces customer procurement costs.

[0004] Currently, there are two main ways to implement multi-range testing equipment on the market:

[0005] The first method uses analog hardware power supplies to implement multiple ranges. Its advantage is that all indicators are relatively good, but its biggest drawback is that the number of ranges is fixed and the current value of each range is also fixed. It is very inflexible to use and requires separate development for each specification, which results in huge R&D and production costs and is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] The second approach uses multiple power nodes and a bus (SPI / CAN) to control multiple digital power supplies to achieve multiple ranges. However, this method has drawbacks: bus communication incurs switching overhead, resulting in poorer current response metrics and fluctuating output ripple. Differences between power nodes can also lead to errors in constant voltage values. Larger current ripple can affect the accuracy of battery testing, and in the power battery field, it can impact the accuracy of road spectrum testing.

[0007] In view of this, there is a need to provide a new structure or method in order to solve at least some of the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address one or more problems in the prior art, this invention proposes a multi-range battery testing device and method based on multi-serial port communication, which realizes multi-range battery testing, with low current ripple, accurate constant voltage control, and fast current response.

[0009] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows:

[0010] A multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication includes an intermediate layer controller and several independent power nodes. The intermediate layer controller and each power node are coupled and communicate with each other through independent communication interfaces. The power nodes are connected in parallel and coupled to both ends of the battery under test.

[0011] The intermediate layer controller is used to provide control voltage, control current and independent pulse synchronization signals to each power node, and to perform phase-shift control on each power node based on the pulse synchronization signals;

[0012] Power nodes are used to test the battery under test based on control voltage, control current, and their respective test ranges, each with a different test range.

[0013] Furthermore, in the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention, the intermediate layer controller includes a constant voltage loop regulation circuit and a MUX module, wherein:

[0014] The first input terminal of the constant voltage loop regulation circuit is coupled to the control voltage, the second input terminal is coupled to the real-time voltage feedback from each power supply node, and the output terminal is coupled to the input terminal of the MUX module. The constant voltage loop regulation circuit is used to generate several regulation signals based on the control voltage and each real-time voltage.

[0015] The output of the MUX module is coupled to the input of each power node. The MUX module is used to perform maximum value calculation on several adjustment signals output by the constant voltage loop adjustment circuit, and output the obtained maximum value adjustment signal as the output signal of the intermediate layer controller to each power node.

[0016] Furthermore, in the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention, the constant voltage loop adjustment circuit includes several voltage adjustment circuits, and each voltage adjustment circuit corresponds to a power supply node.

[0017] Furthermore, in the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention, the voltage regulation circuit includes an operational circuit, a PI regulator, and a limiter connected in series, wherein:

[0018] The first input terminal of the operational circuit is connected to the control voltage, and the second input terminal is connected to the real-time voltage fed back from the power supply node, which is used to calculate the error value between the control voltage and the real-time voltage.

[0019] The PI regulator is used to perform PI regulation calculations on the error between the control voltage and the real-time voltage.

[0020] The limiter is used to limit the PI regulation calculation results and generate the regulation signal.

[0021] Furthermore, in the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention, the independent power node includes a voltage loop regulation circuit, a current loop regulation circuit, a comparator, a power transistor driver, and a BUCK power supply, wherein:

[0022] The first input terminal of the voltage loop regulation circuit is connected to the output signal of the intermediate layer controller, the second input terminal is connected to the real-time voltage fed back from the power node, and the output terminal is coupled to the first input terminal of the current loop regulation circuit, which is used to generate a first regulation signal based on the output signal and the real-time voltage.

[0023] The second input terminal of the current loop regulation circuit is connected to the control current, the third input terminal is connected to the real-time current fed back from the power supply node, and the output terminal is coupled to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator, which is used to generate a second regulation signal based on the first regulation signal, the control current and the real-time current.

[0024] The inverting input of the comparator is coupled to the pulse synchronization signal corresponding to the power node and the output of the triangular wave generator. The output of the comparator is coupled to the power transistor driver and is used to generate a comparison signal based on the second adjustment signal, the pulse synchronization signal and the triangular wave signal.

[0025] The output of the power transistor driver is coupled to the drive terminal of the BUCK power supply and is used to generate a pulse width modulation signal based on the comparison signal.

[0026] The output of the BUCK power supply is coupled to both ends of the battery under test, and is used to detect the battery under test based on the pulse width modulation signal.

[0027] Furthermore, in the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention, the voltage loop adjustment circuit includes a first operational circuit, a first PI regulator, and a first limiter connected in series, wherein:

[0028] The first input terminal of the first operational circuit is connected to the output signal of the intermediate layer controller, and the second input terminal is connected to the real-time voltage fed back by the power node, which is used to calculate the error value between the output signal and the real-time voltage.

[0029] The first PI regulator is used to perform PI adjustment calculations on the error value;

[0030] The first limiter is used to perform a limit calculation on the PI adjustment result to generate a first adjustment signal.

[0031] Furthermore, in the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention, the current loop adjustment circuit includes a second operational circuit, a second PI regulator, and a second limiter connected in series, wherein:

[0032] The first input terminal of the second operational circuit is connected to the output signal of the voltage loop regulation circuit, the second input terminal is connected to the control current, and the third input terminal is connected to the real-time current fed back from the power node. This circuit is used to obtain the smaller value between the output signal of the voltage loop regulation circuit and the control current, and then calculate the error value between the smaller value and the real-time current.

[0033] The second PI regulator is used to perform PI adjustment calculations on the error value;

[0034] The second limiter is used to limit the PI adjustment calculation result and generate a second adjustment signal.

[0035] A multi-range battery testing method based on multi-serial port communication includes:

[0036] Acquire the control voltage, control current of each test channel, and pulse synchronization signal;

[0037] Based on the control voltage and the real-time voltage feedback from each test channel, adjustment signals are generated respectively, and the maximum value adjustment signal is obtained.

[0038] Based on the real-time voltage and current feedback from each test channel, the control current of each test channel, and the maximum value adjustment signal and pulse synchronization signal, a phase-shift control pulse width modulation signal is generated and output to the corresponding buck power supply.

[0039] Each Buck power supply performs tests on the battery under test.

[0040] Furthermore, the multi-range battery testing method based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention specifically includes the following steps in generating the adjustment signal:

[0041] Calculate the error between the control voltage and the real-time voltage fed back from each test channel;

[0042] The error value is adjusted using a PI controller.

[0043] The amplitude limit calculation is performed on the PI regulation result to generate the regulation signal.

[0044] Furthermore, the multi-range battery testing method based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention specifically includes the following steps in generating pulse width modulation signals:

[0045] The difference between the maximum value adjustment signal and the real-time voltage is used for voltage PI regulation and amplitude limiting calculation to obtain the first adjustment signal;

[0046] After performing a minimum value operation on the first adjustment signal and the control current, the difference between the minimum value and the real-time current is then subjected to current PI regulation and amplitude limiting calculation to obtain the second adjustment signal.

[0047] The initial phase of the triangular wave generator is controlled by the pulse synchronization signal, and the second adjustment signal is compared with the triangular wave signal to obtain the comparison signal.

[0048] Pulse width modulation signals are generated based on comparison signals.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, employing the above technical solution, has the following technical effects:

[0050] 1. The multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention adopts a combination of constant voltage loop regulation of intermediate layer controller and voltage and current dual-loop regulation of power supply node to achieve stable output voltage of multiple ranges.

[0051] 2. In the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention, each power node adopts an independent pulse synchronization signal. Through phase-shift control, the ripple current is reduced, the constant voltage control is accurate, and the current accuracy is improved.

[0052] 3. The intermediate layer controller of the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention communicates with each power node through an independent communication interface, which effectively improves the current response index. Attached Figure Description

[0053] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain embodiments of the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention is shown.

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0057] The description in this section pertains only to typical embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described. Combinations of different embodiments, substitution of some technical features in different embodiments, and substitution of similar or identical prior art with some technical features in the embodiments are also within the scope of the description and protection of the present invention.

[0058] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes an intermediate layer controller and several independent power nodes. The intermediate layer controller and each power node are coupled and communicate with each other through independent communication interfaces. The power nodes are connected in parallel and coupled to the two ends of the battery under test.

[0059] The intermediate layer controller is used to provide control voltage, control current and independent pulse synchronization signals to each power node, and to perform phase-shift control on each power node based on the pulse synchronization signals;

[0060] Power nodes are used to test the battery under test based on control voltage, control current and their respective test ranges. The test ranges of each power node can be the same or different.

[0061] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the intermediate layer controller includes a constant voltage loop regulation circuit and a MUX module, wherein:

[0062] The first input terminal of the constant voltage loop regulation circuit is coupled to the control voltage, the second input terminal is coupled to the real-time voltage feedback from each power supply node, and the output terminal is coupled to the input terminal of the MUX module. The constant voltage loop regulation circuit is used to generate several regulation signals based on the control voltage and each real-time voltage.

[0063] The output of the MUX module is coupled to the input of each power node. The MUX module is used to perform maximum value calculation on several adjustment signals output by the constant voltage loop adjustment circuit, and output the obtained maximum value adjustment signal as the output signal of the intermediate layer controller to each power node.

[0064] The constant voltage loop regulation circuit includes several voltage regulation circuits, each corresponding to a power supply node.

[0065] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the voltage regulation circuit includes an operational circuit, a PI regulator, and a limiter connected in series, wherein:

[0066] The first input terminal of the operational circuit is connected to the control voltage, and the second input terminal is coupled to the feedback terminal of the power supply node and connected to the real-time voltage fed back by the power supply node, which is used to calculate the error value between the control voltage and the real-time voltage.

[0067] The PI regulator is used to perform PI regulation calculations on the error between the control voltage and the real-time voltage.

[0068] The limiter is used to limit the PI regulation calculation results and generate the regulation signal.

[0069] In another embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the independent power node includes a voltage loop regulation circuit, a current loop regulation circuit, a comparator, a power transistor driver, and a BUCK power supply, wherein:

[0070] The first input terminal of the voltage loop regulation circuit is coupled to the output terminal of the intermediate layer controller and connected to its output signal. The second input terminal is coupled to the feedback terminal of the power node and connected to the real-time voltage fed back by the power node. The output terminal is coupled to the first input terminal of the current loop regulation circuit, and is used to generate a first regulation signal based on the output signal and the real-time voltage.

[0071] The second input terminal of the current loop regulation circuit is connected to the control current, the third input terminal is coupled to the feedback terminal of the power supply node and connected to the real-time current fed back by the power supply node, and the output terminal is coupled to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator, which is used to generate a second regulation signal based on the first regulation signal, the control current and the real-time current.

[0072] The inverting input of the comparator is coupled to the pulse synchronization signal corresponding to the power node and the output of the triangular wave generator. The output of the comparator is coupled to the power transistor driver and is used to generate a comparison signal based on the second adjustment signal, the pulse synchronization signal and the triangular wave signal.

[0073] The output of the power transistor driver is coupled to the drive terminal of the BUCK power supply and is used to generate a pulse width modulation signal based on the comparison signal.

[0074] The output of the BUCK power supply is coupled to both ends of the battery under test, and is used to detect the battery under test based on the pulse width modulation signal.

[0075] In another embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the voltage loop regulation circuit includes a first operational circuit, a first PI regulator, and a first limiter connected in series, wherein:

[0076] The first input terminal of the first operational circuit is coupled to the output terminal of the intermediate layer controller and connected to the output signal of the intermediate layer controller. The second input terminal is coupled to the feedback terminal of the power node and connected to the real-time voltage fed back by the power node, and is used to calculate the error value between the output signal and the real-time voltage.

[0077] The first PI regulator is used to perform PI adjustment calculations on the error value;

[0078] The first limiter is used to perform a limit calculation on the PI adjustment result to generate a first adjustment signal.

[0079] In another embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the current loop regulation circuit includes a second operational circuit, a second PI regulator, and a second limiter connected in series, wherein:

[0080] The first input terminal of the second operational circuit is coupled to the output terminal of the voltage loop regulation circuit and connected to the output signal of the voltage loop regulation circuit. The second input terminal is connected to the control current. The third input terminal is coupled to the feedback terminal of the power node and connected to the real-time current fed back by the power node. It is used to obtain the smaller value between the output signal of the voltage loop regulation circuit and the control current, and then calculate the error value between the smaller value and the real-time current.

[0081] The second PI regulator is used to perform PI adjustment calculations on the error value;

[0082] The second limiter is used to limit the PI adjustment calculation result and generate a second adjustment signal.

[0083] According to another aspect of the present invention, a multi-range battery testing method based on multi-serial port communication includes:

[0084] Acquire the control voltage, control current of each test channel, and pulse synchronization signal;

[0085] Based on the control voltage and the real-time voltage feedback from each test channel, adjustment signals are generated respectively, and the maximum value adjustment signal is obtained.

[0086] Based on the real-time voltage and current feedback from each test channel, the control current of each test channel, and the maximum value adjustment signal and pulse synchronization signal, a phase-shift control pulse width modulation signal is generated and output to the corresponding buck power supply.

[0087] Each Buck power supply performs tests on the battery under test.

[0088] In one embodiment, generating the adjustment signal specifically includes:

[0089] Calculate the error between the control voltage and the real-time voltage fed back from each test channel;

[0090] The error value is adjusted using a PI controller.

[0091] The amplitude limit calculation is performed on the PI regulation result to generate the regulation signal.

[0092] In another embodiment, generating the pulse width modulation signal specifically includes:

[0093] The difference between the maximum value adjustment signal and the real-time voltage is used for voltage PI regulation and amplitude limiting calculation to obtain the first adjustment signal;

[0094] After performing a minimum value operation on the first adjustment signal and the control current, the difference between the minimum value and the real-time current is then subjected to current PI regulation and amplitude limiting calculation to obtain the second adjustment signal.

[0095] The initial phase of the triangular wave generator is controlled by the pulse synchronization signal, and the second adjustment signal is compared with the triangular wave signal to obtain the comparison signal.

[0096] Pulse width modulation signals are generated based on comparison signals.

[0097] Example 1

[0098] This embodiment uses a testing device with four measurement ranges as an example.

[0099] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication consists of one intermediate layer controller and four independent power supply nodes (the number of nodes corresponds to the number of ranges, which can be arbitrarily expanded, limited only by the number of communication interfaces of the MCU used by the intermediate layer controller). The hardware connection between the one intermediate layer controller and the four independent power supply nodes is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the test ranges of independent power nodes can be the same or different. If the current of each power node is 10A, then the four nodes are considered as a four-range device, with a full-scale range of 40A, range one of 10A, range two of 20A, range three of 30A, and so on. If the current of power node 1 is 1A, the current of power node 2 is 9A, the current of power node 3 is 40A, and the current of power node 4 is 50A, then it is considered as a four-range device, with a full-scale range of 100A, range one of 1A, range two of 10A, range three of 50A, and so on.

[0100] like Figure 1 As shown, the intermediate layer controller provides 4 pulse synchronization signals and 4 communication interfaces to interface with 4 target power nodes. That is, each power node corresponds to one pulse synchronization signal and one communication interface. The four power nodes are connected in parallel to the battery under test.

[0101] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the control logic and power circuit topology. Vctrl, Ictrl1, Ictrl2, Ictrl3, and Ictrl4 represent the control voltage and four ranges of control current sent by the intermediate layer controller to the power node via the communication interface. Vfdb1, Vfdb2, Vfdb3, and Vfdb4 represent the real-time voltage values ​​returned by the power node to the intermediate layer controller via the communication interface. Isen1, Isen2, Isen3, and Isen4 represent the real-time current values ​​returned by the power node to the intermediate layer controller via the communication interface.

[0102] The testing process is explained in detail below:

[0103] A constant voltage loop regulator runs in the intermediate layer controller, while the four power nodes below each run their own dual-loop PI regulator for voltage and current. Specifically:

[0104] In the intermediate layer controller, Vctrl is subtracted from Vfdb1, Vfdb2, Vfdb3, and Vfdb4 uploaded by the power nodes to calculate the error value. This error value is then fed into regulators PI1, PI2, PI3, and PI4 for calculation, and finally into limiters LIM1, LIM2, LIM3, and LIM4 for limiting calculation. Finally, the data enters the multiplexing MUX module, where the maximum value is calculated and distributed to the four power nodes.

[0105] In the power node, the maximum value is then subtracted from Vfdb1, Vfdb2, Vfdb3, and Vfdb4 uploaded by the current power node, and then adjusted by PI regulators PI1_1, PI2_1, PI3_1, and PI4_1 and limited by limiters LIM1_1, LIM2_1, LIM3_1, and LIM4_1 respectively. The output values ​​of limiters LIM1_1, LIM2_1, LIM3_1, and LIM4_1 are used to perform a minimum value operation with the given control currents Ictrl1, Ictrl2, Ictrl3, and Ictrl4. The minimum value is then subtracted from the real-time current values ​​Isen1, Isen2, Isen3, and Isen4. After being buffered by PI regulators PI1_2, PI2_2, PI3_2, and PI4_2 and limited by limiters LIM1_2, LIM2_2, LIM3_2, and LIM4_2, the outputs are sent to the non-inverting inputs of four comparators COMP1, COMP2, COMP3, and COMP4. The negative phase inputs of comparators COMP1, COMP2, COMP3, and COMP4 are connected to the hardware pulse synchronization signals PWM_SYN1, PWM_SYN2, PWM_SYN3, and PWM_SYN4 issued by the intermediate layer controller. These signals control the initial phase of the triangular wave generator, synchronizing it every second with a 90-degree phase shift. The output signals of comparators COMP1, COMP2, COMP3, and COMP4 are then transmitted via power transistor drivers DRV1, DRV2, DRV3, and DRV4 to four independent BUCK power supplies.

[0106] In practical operation, different test voltages and currents can be controlled by controlling the control voltage Vctrl and the control currents Ictrl1, Ictrl2, Ictrl3, and Ictrl4. The constant voltage loop in the intermediate controller can regulate the output of the four voltages to the same value, stabilizing the output voltage across multiple ranges. The pulse synchronization signal with phase-shifting function sent by the intermediate controller to different power nodes effectively reduces power supply ripple and improves current accuracy through phase-shifting control. For example, in this embodiment with four power nodes, assuming a switching frequency of 100kHz and a period of 10µs, the pulse synchronization signal will send a pulse signal to power node 1 at second 0, activating power node 1; a pulse signal to power node 2 at 2.5µs, activating power node 2; a pulse signal to power node 3 at 5µs, activating power node 3, and so on. This pulse synchronization signal will synchronize every 10 seconds because the clocks of each power node are not necessarily identical and will slowly shift over time, requiring a period of synchronization.

[0107] The multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial port communication proposed in this invention operates a dual-loop voltage and current regulator at the power node, while a constant voltage loop regulator is performed in the intermediate layer controller. Each power node inputs an independent pulse synchronization signal, which can reduce ripple current and improve current accuracy through phase-shift control. At the same time, the independent communication interface between the intermediate layer controller and each power node can improve the current response index.

[0108] The description and application of the present invention herein are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the embodiments described above. The effects or advantages described in the specification may not be apparent in actual experimental cases due to uncertainties in specific conditions or other factors, and such descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Variations and modifications to the embodiments disclosed herein are possible, and various substitutions and equivalents of the components in the embodiments are well known to those skilled in the art. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention can be implemented in other forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, and with other components, materials, and parts without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Other variations and modifications can be made to the embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial communication, characterized in that, It includes an intermediate layer controller and several independent power nodes. The intermediate layer controller and each power node are coupled and communicate with each other through independent communication interfaces. The power nodes are connected in parallel and coupled to the two ends of the battery under test. The intermediate layer controller is used to provide control voltage, control current and independent pulse synchronization signals to each power node, and to perform phase-shift control on each power node based on the pulse synchronization signals; The power node is used to test the battery under test based on the control voltage, control current, and their respective test ranges. The independent power node includes a voltage loop regulation circuit, a current loop regulation circuit, a comparator, a power transistor driver, and a BUCK power supply, wherein: The first input terminal of the voltage loop regulation circuit is connected to the output signal of the intermediate layer controller, the second input terminal is connected to the real-time voltage fed back from the power node, and the output terminal is coupled to the first input terminal of the current loop regulation circuit, which is used to generate a first regulation signal based on the output signal and the real-time voltage. The second input terminal of the current loop regulation circuit is connected to the control current, the third input terminal is connected to the real-time current fed back from the power supply node, and the output terminal is coupled to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator, which is used to generate a second regulation signal based on the first regulation signal, the control current and the real-time current. The inverting input of the comparator is coupled to the pulse synchronization signal corresponding to the power node and the output of the triangular wave generator. The output of the comparator is coupled to the power transistor driver and is used to generate a comparison signal based on the second adjustment signal, the pulse synchronization signal and the triangular wave signal. The output of the power transistor driver is coupled to the drive terminal of the BUCK power supply and is used to generate a pulse width modulation signal based on the comparison signal. The output of the BUCK power supply is coupled to both ends of the battery under test, and is used to detect the battery under test based on the pulse width modulation signal.

2. The multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial communication according to claim 1, wherein, The intermediate layer controller includes a constant voltage loop regulation circuit and a MUX module, wherein: The first input terminal of the constant voltage loop regulation circuit is coupled to the control voltage, the second input terminal is coupled to the real-time voltage feedback from each power supply node, and the output terminal is coupled to the input terminal of the MUX module. The constant voltage loop regulation circuit is used to generate several regulation signals based on the control voltage and each real-time voltage. The output of the MUX module is coupled to the input of each power node. The MUX module is used to perform maximum value calculation on several adjustment signals output by the constant voltage loop adjustment circuit, and output the obtained maximum value adjustment signal as the output signal of the intermediate layer controller to each power node.

3. The multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial communication according to claim 2, wherein, The constant voltage loop regulation circuit includes several voltage regulation circuits, each corresponding to a power supply node.

4. The multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial communication according to claim 3, wherein, The voltage regulation circuit includes an operational circuit, a PI regulator, and a limiter connected in series, wherein: The first input terminal of the operational circuit is connected to the control voltage, and the second input terminal is connected to the real-time voltage fed back from the power supply node, which is used to calculate the error value between the control voltage and the real-time voltage. The PI regulator is used to perform PI regulation calculations on the error between the control voltage and the real-time voltage. The limiter is used to limit the PI regulation calculation results and generate the regulation signal.

5. The multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial communication according to claim 1, wherein, The voltage loop regulation circuit includes a first operational circuit, a first PI regulator, and a first limiter connected in series, wherein: The first input terminal of the first operational circuit is connected to the output signal of the intermediate layer controller, and the second input terminal is connected to the real-time voltage fed back by the power node, which is used to calculate the error value between the output signal and the real-time voltage. The first PI regulator is used to perform PI adjustment calculations on the error value; The first limiter is used to limit the PI regulation calculation result and generate the first regulation signal.

6. The multi-range battery testing device based on multi-serial communication according to claim 1, wherein, The current loop regulation circuit includes a second operational circuit, a second PI regulator, and a second limiter connected in series, wherein: The first input terminal of the second operational circuit is connected to the output signal of the voltage loop regulation circuit, the second input terminal is connected to the control current, and the third input terminal is connected to the real-time current fed back from the power supply node. It is used to obtain the smaller value between the output signal of the voltage loop regulation circuit and the control current, and then calculate the error value between the smaller value and the real-time current. The second PI regulator is used to perform PI adjustment calculations on the error value; The second limiter is used to limit the PI regulation calculation result and generate the second regulation signal.

7. A multi-range battery test method based on multi-serial communication, characterized in that, include: Acquire the control voltage, control current of each test channel, and pulse synchronization signal; Based on the control voltage and the real-time voltage feedback from each test channel, adjustment signals are generated respectively, and the maximum value adjustment signal is obtained. Based on the real-time voltage and current feedback from each test channel, the control current of each test channel, and the maximum value adjustment signal and pulse synchronization signal, a phase-shift control pulse width modulation signal is generated and output to the corresponding buck power supply. Each Buck power supply performs tests on the battery under test; Specifically, generating the pulse width modulation signal includes: The difference between the maximum value adjustment signal and the real-time voltage is used for voltage PI regulation and amplitude limiting calculation to obtain the first adjustment signal; After performing a minimum value operation on the first adjustment signal and the control current, the difference between the minimum value and the real-time current is then subjected to current PI regulation and amplitude limiting calculation to obtain the second adjustment signal. The initial phase of the triangular wave generator is controlled by the pulse synchronization signal, and the second adjustment signal is compared with the triangular wave signal to obtain the comparison signal. Pulse width modulation signals are generated based on comparison signals.

8. The multi-range battery test method based on multi-serial communication according to claim 7, wherein, The generation of adjustment signals specifically includes: Calculate the error between the control voltage and the real-time voltage fed back from each test channel; The error value is adjusted using a PI controller; The amplitude limit calculation is performed on the PI regulation result to generate the regulation signal.

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