A photovoltaic module and a method of manufacturing the same, a vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of photovoltaic module and its preparation method, vehicle, a kind of photovoltaic module includes curved panel, photovoltaic cell layer and adhesive strip, photovoltaic cell layer is arranged in the interlayer of curved panel, photovoltaic cell layer includes the multiple back contact cell connected by the certain gap spaced several groups of solder strip group, solder strip group includes anode solder strip and cathode solder strip, adhesive strip is arranged along the arbitrary side of solder strip group, and the extension direction of adhesive strip is consistent with the extension direction of solder strip group. By setting adhesive strip on the arbitrary side of solder strip group, to reduce the load applied on solder strip by curved panel in encapsulation process, thereby reduce the risk of cell piece appears apparent crack / hidden crack, to improve electrical performance and cell life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and its manufacturing method, as well as a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, people are becoming increasingly aware of energy conservation and environmental protection. Some car manufacturers have integrated photovoltaic cells into automotive glass to power small-power electrical appliances such as blowers, car refrigerators, and seats. In particular, photovoltaic power generation can supply electricity when the vehicle is parked or stopped, ensuring that the vehicle still has power available even when the engine is off, or to charge small batteries, or even charge the main battery.

[0003] However, in related technologies, after back-contact battery cells (BC cells) are welded into battery strings using solder ribbons, since both the positive and negative solder ribbons are located on the back of the battery, the battery cells 310 bend as the positive solder ribbon 321a and negative solder ribbon 321b contract after stringing. Figure 1 As shown. Encapsulating curved solar cells 310 into a large area of ​​curved glass can easily lead to visible or hidden cracks, which not only reduces the product's output performance but also greatly shortens its lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to address the technical problem of battery cracking easily occurring in automotive glass during the encapsulation process, and to provide a photovoltaic module, its preparation method, and a vehicle.

[0005] A photovoltaic module includes a curved panel, a photovoltaic cell layer, and an adhesive strip. The photovoltaic cell layer is disposed within a layer of the curved panel. The photovoltaic cell layer includes multiple back-contact cells connected by several groups of solder ribbons spaced apart by a certain gap. Each group of solder ribbons includes a positive electrode solder ribbon and a negative electrode solder ribbon. The adhesive strip is disposed along any side of the group of solder ribbons, and the extension direction of the adhesive strip is consistent with the extension direction of the group of solder ribbons.

[0006] In one embodiment, the height of the adhesive strip is greater than or equal to the height of the solder strip, and / or the maximum dimension of the adhesive strip in the width direction is between 50% and 90% of the minimum distance between adjacent solder strip groups.

[0007] In one embodiment, when the number M of the solder strip groups is an even number, the number of the adhesive strips is ≥ M / 2;

[0008] Alternatively, when the number of the welding strip groups M is odd, the number of the adhesive strips is ≥ (M-1) / 2, M≥3.

[0009] In one embodiment, the adhesive strip is continuously disposed along the extension direction of the solder ribbon assembly, or the adhesive strip is discontinuously disposed along the extension direction of the solder ribbon assembly.

[0010] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic module further includes an adhesive layer, wherein the adhesive strip and the adhesive layer are integrally formed.

[0011] A method for fabricating a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising a curved panel and a photovoltaic cell layer, the photovoltaic cell layer comprising a plurality of back contact cells, the fabrication method comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Provide a photovoltaic cell layer, and connect multiple back contact cells through several groups of solder ribbons spaced at certain intervals. The solder ribbon groups include positive electrode solder ribbons and negative electrode solder ribbons.

[0013] Step 2: Provide a first curved panel and lay a first adhesive layer on the concave surface of the first curved panel;

[0014] Step 3: Lay the photovoltaic cell layer on the first adhesive layer, with the solder ribbon group located on the side of the back contact cell facing away from the first curved panel;

[0015] Step 4: Lay an adhesive strip on any side of the welding strip assembly;

[0016] Step 5: Lay a second adhesive layer on the photovoltaic cell layer and cover it with a second curved panel, with the concave surface of the second curved panel facing the second adhesive layer to form a laminate.

[0017] Step 6: Encapsulate the laminated components to form the photovoltaic module.

[0018] In one embodiment, encapsulating the stack includes:

[0019] The space within the laminated component is evacuated to achieve a preset vacuum level.

[0020] Maintain the vacuum level within a preset value, and heat the laminate to a preset temperature range.

[0021] In one embodiment, evacuating the space inside the laminate to achieve a preset vacuum level includes:

[0022] The space inside the laminate is evacuated to maintain a vacuum level between -50 and -80 kPa for at least 5 minutes.

[0023] Continue to evacuate the space inside the laminate to maintain a vacuum level between -90 and -100 kPa for at least 5 minutes.

[0024] In one embodiment, heating the laminate to a preset temperature range includes:

[0025] The laminated part is heated to between 130 and 180°C, held at that temperature for at least 3 minutes, and then pressurized to at least 30 kPa for at least 15 minutes.

[0026] Alternatively, the laminated component may be heated to between 135 and 180°C and simultaneously pressurized to between 0.9 and 1.3 MPa, and the temperature and pressure maintained for at least 40 minutes.

[0027] A vehicle comprising the photovoltaic modules described above.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following:

[0029] This invention provides a photovoltaic module and its manufacturing method, which can be applied to vehicles and other transportation vehicles as an auxiliary power source to provide electricity. When using BC cells in traditional / existing photovoltaic modules, problems such as visible / micro-cracks easily occur when applied to curved automotive glass. This invention reduces the load applied to the solder strips by the curved panel during the encapsulation process by placing an adhesive strip on either side of the solder strip assembly, thereby reducing the risk of visible / micro-cracks in the cells and improving output performance and cell lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the bending of back-contact battery cells after string welding in the prior art.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the photovoltaic cell layer and the adhesive strip in a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view along AA;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 3 BB section view;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of adhesive strips in the photovoltaic cell layer of a photovoltaic module comprising nine sets of solder ribbons, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of adhesive strips in a photovoltaic cell layer comprising nine sets of solder ribbons, provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of adhesive strips in the photovoltaic cell layer of a photovoltaic module comprising 6 sets of solder ribbons, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of adhesive strips in a photovoltaic cell layer comprising six sets of solder ribbons, provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of adhesive strips in the photovoltaic cell layer of a photovoltaic module comprising six sets of solder ribbons, provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the photovoltaic module adhesive strip extending to the inner side of the busbar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the photovoltaic module adhesive strip extending to the outside of the busbar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in which the second adhesive layer and the adhesive strip are integrated, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another structure in a photovoltaic module where the second adhesive layer and the adhesive strip are integrated, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 15 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 16 This is a schematic flowchart of the encapsulation and stacking process in the manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 17 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the vacuuming process in a photovoltaic module manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 18 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the process of maintaining a vacuum level within a preset value and heating the laminated components in a photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 19 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the process of maintaining a vacuum level within a preset value and heating the laminated components in a photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the sequential stacking of structural layers in a photovoltaic module fabrication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure label:

[0051] Second curved panel 100; second adhesive layer 200; photovoltaic cell layer 300; cell 310; front side 311; back side 312; welding ribbon group 320; positive electrode welding ribbon 321a; negative electrode welding ribbon 321b; busbar 330; first adhesive layer 400; first curved panel 500; adhesive strip 600. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "height", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0056] One embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle that utilizes the photovoltaic modules described below. The vehicle can be of any type and model. The photovoltaic modules can be the sunroof glass, the rear window, or the like.

[0057] See Figures 2 to 4An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, including a curved panel, a photovoltaic cell layer 300, and an adhesive strip 600. The photovoltaic cell layer 300 is disposed in the interlayer of the curved panel. The photovoltaic cell layer includes a plurality of back contact cells connected by a plurality of groups of solder ribbons 320 spaced apart by a certain gap. The solder ribbon group 320 includes a positive electrode solder ribbon 321a and a negative electrode solder ribbon 321b. The adhesive strip 600 is disposed along any side of the solder ribbon group 320, and the extension direction of the adhesive strip 600 is consistent with the extension direction of the solder ribbon group 320.

[0058] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module that can be applied to vehicles and other transportation vehicles. The photovoltaic cells in the module can power vehicle seats, blowers, car refrigerators, and other components. Furthermore, by placing an adhesive strip 600 on any side of the solder strip assembly 320, the stress on the solder strips during the manufacturing process is reduced, thereby lowering the risk of visible / hidden cracks in the solar cells 310 and improving electrical performance and battery life.

[0059] It should be noted that the curved panel includes a first curved panel 500 and a second curved panel 100. A first adhesive layer 400 and a second adhesive layer 200 are respectively disposed on both sides of the photovoltaic cell layer 300. An adhesive strip 600 is disposed between the photovoltaic cell layer 300 and the second adhesive layer 200. The second curved panel 100 is disposed on the side of the photovoltaic cell layer 300 facing the solder strip, and the convex surface of the second curved panel 100 faces the photovoltaic cell layer 300. The solder strip is disposed on the back side 312 of the back contact cell. The first curved panel 500 is disposed on the side of the photovoltaic cell layer 300 away from the solder strip assembly 320, that is, the front side 311 of the back contact cell, and the concave surface of the first curved panel 500 faces the photovoltaic cell layer 500. The first adhesive layer 400 and the second adhesive layer 200 can be any one of transparent EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film, POE (polyolefin elastomer) film, PVB (polyvinyl butyral), etc. The adhesive strip 600 can be made of the same material as the first adhesive layer 400 and the second adhesive layer 200, or a different material can be chosen. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic cell layer includes multiple back-contact cells, and the solder ribbon group 320 is disposed on the back side 312 of the cell 310. Each solder ribbon group 320 includes a positive electrode solder ribbon 321a and a negative electrode solder ribbon 321b.

[0060] It is understood that in this embodiment, the curved panel can be a curved glass panel or a light-transmitting curved plastic panel. In this embodiment, the light transmittance of the curved panel is not limited.

[0061] The distribution of the adhesive strips 600 on the photovoltaic cell layer 300 is not limited; the adhesive strips 600 are staggered and evenly distributed on the photovoltaic cell layer 300. For example, the adhesive strips 600 can be placed on any side of the ribbon group 320; they can also be placed on both sides of the ribbon group 320; or they can be placed within the gaps formed by two adjacent ribbon groups 320. In addition, the number of ribbon groups 320 in the photovoltaic cell layer 300 can be 2, 3, 4, or even more.

[0062] In some embodiments, when the number M of the solder ribbon group 320 is even, the number of adhesive strips 600 is ≥ M / 2; or, when the number M of the solder ribbon group 320 is odd, the number of adhesive strips 600 is ≥ (M-1) / 2, M≥3.

[0063] The solder ribbon group 320 in the photovoltaic cell layer 300 can be 9 groups of solder ribbon groups 320 with a certain gap, as shown in the reference. Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be understood that the solder strip groups 320 can be numbered sequentially from left to right as 1, 2, 3...9. In one embodiment, as... Figure 4 As shown, in the nine groups of solder strips 320, adhesive strips 600 are provided on both sides of each group of solder strips 320. In another embodiment, as... Figure 6 As shown, except for the left side of the first group of solder strips 320 and the right side of the ninth group of solder strips 320, adhesive strips 600 are provided on both sides of the other solder strip groups 320. In some other embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, a total of 5 adhesive strips 600 are set on the left side of the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th groups of welding strips 320.

[0064] Some photovoltaic cell layers 300 include six groups of solder ribbons 320 spaced at certain intervals. For ease of understanding, refer to... Figures 8 to 10 It is understood that the solder strip groups 320 are numbered 1, 2, 3...6 from left to right. In one embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, in the six groups of solder strips 320, adhesive strips 600 are provided on both sides of each group of solder strips 320; in another embodiment, as... Figure 9 As shown, except for the left side of the first group of solder strips 320 and the right side of the sixth group of solder strips 320, adhesive strips 600 are provided on both sides of the other solder strip groups 320. In another embodiment, as... Figure 10 As shown, a total of three adhesive strips 600 are provided only in the gaps between the first and second groups of weld strips 320, the third and fourth groups of weld strips 320, and the fifth and sixth groups of weld strips 320. No adhesive strips 600 are provided in the gaps between other groups of weld strips 320.

[0065] It is understood that the adhesive strip 600 is continuously arranged along the extension direction of the solder ribbon group 320, that is, a continuous adhesive strip 600 is arranged on one side of a solder ribbon group 320. In another embodiment, the adhesive strip 600 is also discontinuously arranged along the extension direction of the solder ribbon group 320.

[0066] In one embodiment, the height of the adhesive strip 600 is greater than or equal to the height of the solder strip; further, the height of the adhesive strip 600 is set to be greater than or equal to 1.5 times the height of the solder strip. This setting effectively reduces the risk of visible / hidden cracks. The maximum dimension of the adhesive strip 600 in the width direction is between 50% and 90% of the minimum distance between adjacent solder strip groups 320. Preferably, the maximum dimension of the adhesive strip 600 in the width direction is between 50% and 70% of the minimum distance between adjacent solder strip groups 320. (Referring to...) Figure 4 To understand this, the height of the adhesive strip 600 is represented by H, the height of the solder ribbon by H0, the minimum distance between two adjacent solder ribbon groups 320 by d0, and the maximum width of the adhesive strip 600 by W. Wherein, 50% ≤ W / d0 ≤ 75%, and H / H0 ≥ 1.5. This configuration not only effectively reduces the stress exerted by the solder ribbon on the solar cell during the process but also avoids any gaps. It should be noted that the maximum dimension of the adhesive strip 600 in the width direction can be the distance between the two points on both sides of the adhesive strip 600 that are furthest from its extension axis along its width direction. For example, when the cross-sectional shape of the adhesive strip 600 is circular, the "maximum dimension" of the adhesive strip 600 in the width direction is the diameter of the circle along the width direction of the adhesive strip 600; when the cross-sectional shape of the adhesive strip 600 is rectangular, the "maximum dimension" of the adhesive strip 600 in the width direction is the width dimension of the adhesive strip 600; when the cross-sectional shape of the adhesive strip 600 is trapezoidal, the "maximum dimension" of the adhesive strip 600 in the width direction is the distance between the two vertices that are furthest apart in the width direction of the adhesive strip 600.

[0067] The shape of the cross-section of the adhesive strip 600 is not limited; it can be any one of a square, trapezoid, or circle. Of course, in other embodiments, the adhesive strip 600 can also be elliptical, polygonal, etc.

[0068] like Figure 11 As shown, the adhesive strip 600 extends along the arrangement direction of the solar cells 310 to the inner side of the busbar 330 of the photovoltaic cell layer 300; of course, in other embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the adhesive strip 600 can also extend along the arrangement direction of the solar cells 310 to the outside of the busbar 330 of the photovoltaic cell layer 300.

[0069] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 13and Figure 14 As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes an adhesive layer, and the adhesive strip 600 and the adhesive layer can be integrally molded. It is understood that the adhesive strip 600 and the second adhesive layer 200 can also be configured as separate parts according to process requirements.

[0070] The photovoltaic cell layer 300 includes multiple cells 310. The cells 310 are bent after being welded by a solder strip assembly, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the bending height is the arch height h (the height of the cell bending along the y direction after bending). The side length of the cell parallel to the welding strip group (that is, the side length of the cell along the x direction before bending) is defined as L. This invention is applicable to cells with a certain degree of bending, especially cells with h / L≤60mm / m.

[0071] like Figure 15 and Figure 20 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes multiple back-contact cells, and the manufacturing method includes the following steps:

[0072] S100. A photovoltaic cell layer is provided, and multiple back contact cells are connected by several groups of solder ribbons spaced at a certain gap. The solder ribbon groups include positive electrode solder ribbons and negative electrode solder ribbons.

[0073] S200, A first curved panel is provided, and a first adhesive layer is laid on the concave surface of the first curved panel;

[0074] S300, The photovoltaic cell layer is laid on the first adhesive layer, and the solder ribbon group is located on the side of the photovoltaic cell layer away from the first curved panel;

[0075] S400, Lay an adhesive strip on any side of the welding strip assembly;

[0076] S500. A second adhesive layer is laid on the photovoltaic cell layer, and a second curved panel is covered with it, with the convex side of the second curved panel facing the second adhesive layer, to form a laminate.

[0077] S600, encapsulation layer to form photovoltaic modules.

[0078] In this embodiment, solar cells are connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel via solder ribbons to form a photovoltaic cell layer. The solar cells are back-contact cells, with solder ribbons positioned on the back side of the cells. Each solder ribbon group includes one positive and one negative solder ribbon. After the solar cells are connected in series via solder ribbons, the structural layers of the photovoltaic module are sequentially stacked. First, a first curved panel is laid, then a first adhesive layer is laid on the concave surface of the first curved panel. Next, the photovoltaic cell layer is laid on the first adhesive layer, and adhesive strips are placed beside the solder ribbon groups. Then, a second adhesive layer is laid on the back side of the photovoltaic cell layer, and finally, a second curved panel is placed on top, thus forming a laminated assembly. Finally, the laminated assembly is encapsulated to form a photovoltaic module.

[0079] It is understood that the order of steps 1 and 2 can be interchanged or performed simultaneously. For example, the photovoltaic cell layer can be provided first, followed by the first curved panel, and the first adhesive layer can be laid on the concave surface of the first curved panel; alternatively, the first curved panel can be provided first, the first adhesive layer can be laid on the concave surface of the first curved panel, and then the photovoltaic cell layer can be provided. In this embodiment, providing the photovoltaic cell layer means connecting multiple cells in series, parallel, or in a series-parallel configuration using solder ribbons.

[0080] like Figure 16 As shown, in one embodiment, the encapsulation stack includes:

[0081] S610. Vacuum the space inside the laminated component to make the vacuum level in the space reach a preset value;

[0082] S620. Maintain the vacuum level within the preset value and heat the laminated parts to the preset temperature range.

[0083] like Figure 17 As shown, in one embodiment, evacuating the space within the laminate to achieve a preset vacuum level includes:

[0084] S611. Evacuate the space inside the laminate to maintain a vacuum level between -50 and -80 kPa for at least 5 minutes.

[0085] S612. Continue to evacuate the space inside the laminate to make the vacuum level in the space between -90 and -100 kPa, and maintain it for at least 5 minutes.

[0086] Because the laminated components are under negative pressure after vacuuming, the external atmospheric pressure exerts pressure on the curved outer surface of the laminated components, creating stress at the solder ribbons. Using a stepped vacuum level allows the stress on the solar cells from the solder ribbons to gradually increase, preventing the solar cells from being subjected to stress impacts in a short period of time, which could lead to visible or hidden cracks.

[0087] like Figure 18 As shown, in one embodiment, maintaining the vacuum level within a preset value and heating the laminate to a preset temperature range includes:

[0088] S621. Heat the laminated parts to between 130 and 180°C, hold for at least 3 minutes, then pressurize to at least 30 kPa and hold for at least 15 minutes.

[0089] In this embodiment, the vacuum degree inside the laminate is maintained between -90 and -100 kPa, and the laminate is heated to between 130 and 180°C and held at that temperature for at least 3 minutes before being pressurized to at least 30 kPa and held at that temperature and pressure for at least 15 minutes.

[0090] like Figure 19 As shown, in one embodiment, maintaining the vacuum level within a preset value and heating the laminate to a preset temperature range includes:

[0091] S621 ’ The laminated components are heated to between 135 and 180°C and pressurized to between 0.9 and 1.3 MPa, and the temperature and pressure are maintained for at least 40 minutes to achieve the encapsulation of the first curved panel, the photovoltaic cell layer, and the second curved panel.

[0092] In one preferred embodiment, the encapsulation stack includes:

[0093] The space inside the laminate is evacuated to a vacuum level of -60 kPa and maintained for at least 5 minutes. The vacuum level is then further evacuated to -100 kPa and maintained for at least 5 minutes. While maintaining a vacuum of -100 kPa, the laminate is heated to 150°C, held at that temperature for 5 minutes, and then pressurized to 50 kPa, holding at both temperatures and pressures for 15 minutes. The preparation method provided in this embodiment is applicable to the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer, and the adhesive strip, preferably made of thermosetting adhesive film material. Using this preparation method, the encapsulation time is shorter, which helps optimize production cycle time and improve production efficiency.

[0094] In another preferred embodiment, the encapsulation of the laminate includes: evacuating the space inside the laminate to a vacuum level of -60 kPa, maintaining this vacuum for at least 5 minutes; continuing to evacuate the space inside the laminate to a vacuum level of -100 kPa, maintaining this vacuum for at least 5 minutes. While maintaining a vacuum of -100 kPa, the laminate is heated to 145°C and pressurized to 1.1 MPa, holding the temperature and pressure for 40 minutes. The preparation method provided in this embodiment is applicable to the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer, and the adhesive strip, which are preferably made of thermoplastic film materials. This preparation method, with its high requirements for pressure and holding time, is beneficial for improving defects such as bubbles in photovoltaic modules.

[0095] One embodiment of the present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes the photovoltaic modules described above. The vehicle provided in this embodiment can be any type of vehicle. Using the photovoltaic modules described above in the vehicle can reduce the risk of visible / micro-cracks in the photovoltaic cells within the photovoltaic modules, thereby improving electrical performance and battery life.

[0096] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0097] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The device includes a curved panel, a photovoltaic cell layer, and an adhesive strip. The photovoltaic cell layer is disposed within the interlayer of the curved panel. The photovoltaic cell layer includes multiple back-contact cells connected by several groups of solder ribbons spaced at a certain gap. Each group of solder ribbons includes a positive electrode solder ribbon and a negative electrode solder ribbon. The adhesive strip is disposed between the groups of solder ribbons. The height of the adhesive strip is greater than the height of the groups of solder ribbons, and the extension direction of the adhesive strip is consistent with the extension direction of the groups of solder ribbons.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum dimension of the adhesive strip in the width direction is between 50% and 90% of the minimum distance between adjacent weld strip groups.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the number M of the welding strip groups is even, the number of the adhesive strips is ≥ M / 2; Alternatively, when the number of the welding strip groups M is odd, the number of the adhesive strips is ≥ (M-1) / 2, M≥3.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive strip is continuously arranged along the extension direction of the solder strip assembly, or the adhesive strip is discontinuously arranged along the extension direction of the solder strip assembly.

5. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes an adhesive layer, and the adhesive strip and the adhesive layer are integrally formed.

6. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a curved panel and a photovoltaic cell layer, the photovoltaic cell layer including multiple back-contact cells, and the fabrication method includes the following steps: Step 1: Provide a photovoltaic cell layer, and connect multiple back contact cells through several groups of solder ribbons spaced at a certain gap, wherein the solder ribbon groups include positive electrode solder ribbons and negative electrode solder ribbons; Step 2: Provide a first curved panel and lay a first adhesive layer on the concave surface of the first curved panel; Step 3: Lay the photovoltaic cell layer on the first adhesive layer, with the solder ribbon group located on the side of the back contact cell facing away from the first curved panel; Step 4: Lay an adhesive strip between the welding strip groups, wherein the extension direction of the adhesive strip is consistent with the extension direction of the welding strip groups, and the height of the adhesive strip is greater than the height of the welding strip groups; Step 5: Lay a second adhesive layer on the photovoltaic cell layer and cover it with a second curved panel, with the convex side of the second curved panel facing the second adhesive layer to form a laminate. Step 6: Encapsulate the laminated components to form the photovoltaic module.

7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The encapsulation of the stacked component includes: The space within the laminated component is evacuated to achieve a preset vacuum level. Maintain the vacuum level within a preset value, and heat the laminate to a preset temperature range.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, Evacuate the space inside the laminated component to achieve a preset vacuum level, including: The space inside the laminate is evacuated to maintain a vacuum level between -50 and -80 kPa for at least 5 minutes. Continue to evacuate the space inside the laminate to maintain a vacuum level between -90 and -100 kPa for at least 5 minutes.

9. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, Heating the laminated component to a preset temperature range includes: The laminated part is heated to between 130 and 180°C, held at that temperature for at least 3 minutes, and then pressurized to at least 30 kPa for at least 15 minutes. Alternatively, the laminated component may be heated to between 135 and 180°C and simultaneously pressurized to between 0.9 and 1.3 MPa, and the temperature and pressure maintained for at least 40 minutes.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a photovoltaic module as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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