Method for breeding chickpea in the same facility
By using artificial vernalization and facility breeding methods, two-stage seed harvesting of broad bean seedlings can be achieved in broad bean breeding, solving the problem of long breeding cycles in traditional breeding, improving breeding efficiency and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INST OF AGRI SCI ALONG YANGTZE RIVER IN JIANGSU
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
In traditional broad bean breeding methods, only one crop can be grown per year in the same location, resulting in a long breeding cycle.
Artificial vernalization treatment was used on broad bean seeds, and broad bean seedlings were cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River using greenhouses and cooling facilities. The temperature was controlled within the range of 0-20℃, enabling two seed harvests and shortening the breeding cycle.
It can halve the breeding time, improve breeding efficiency, reduce breeding costs, and avoid cross-regional breeding.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of broad bean breeding technology, specifically to a method for increasing the number of generations of broad beans in co-location facility breeding. Background Technology
[0002] Broad beans are annual or biennial herbs belonging to the genus *Vigna* of the legume family. They are also known as fava beans, broad beans, Sichuan beans, Japanese broad beans, and monk beans. Broad beans are a multi-purpose crop used as grain, vegetable, fodder, and green manure, and are one of the most important edible beans among legumes. They can be stir-fried, used in salads, or made into various snacks, making them a popular food.
[0003] Broad beans contain a large amount of protein, second only to soybeans among commonly consumed beans. They also contain a large amount of calcium, potassium, magnesium, vitamin C, etc., and have a relatively complete range of amino acids, especially rich in lysine.
[0004] In traditional broad bean breeding methods, local or same-location breeding processes can only produce one crop per year, harvesting seeds once, making it a relatively long process to breed a single broad bean variety. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, a method for increasing the number of generations of broad beans in the same facility is provided to solve the problem that in the traditional broad bean breeding process, planting in the same location can only yield one harvest per year, resulting in a long breeding cycle.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a method for increasing the number of generations of broad beans in a single-site facility breeding program is provided, comprising the following steps:
[0007] In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, broad bean seeds are harvested in June and then cultivated through artificial vernalization treatment to obtain vernalized broad bean sprouts.
[0008] At the end of August, the vernalized broad bean seedlings were transplanted into a greenhouse, which included a frame with a plastic film and a shade net that could be folded up and placed on the frame.
[0009] Starting from the end of October, the ventilation opening membranes on both sides and the greenhouse doors at both ends are lowered to the greenhouse frame for insulation every night. During the morning, the opening size of the ventilation openings is adjusted according to the weather forecast to keep the temperature inside the greenhouse controlled between 0-20℃, below 20℃ during the day and above 0℃ at night.
[0010] Mature broad bean seeds were harvested at the end of November and planted on-site in insulated greenhouses;
[0011] The broad bean seeds were harvested in June of the following year to begin the next year of seed propagation.
[0012] Furthermore, the artificial vernalization treatment includes the following steps:
[0013] In early June, the broad bean seeds were placed in a low-temperature cold storage for at least 20 days, with the storage temperature below -10°C.
[0014] In late July, the refrigerated broad bean seeds were taken out and sown in the substrate of porous seed trays;
[0015] The seedlings are placed in a cooling facility after sowing to cultivate vernalized broad bean sprouts.
[0016] Furthermore, the acupuncture plate is a 50-hole acupuncture plate.
[0017] Furthermore, before transplanting the vernalized broad bean seedlings into the greenhouse, when the vernalized broad bean seedlings have grown to 2 leaves and 1 bud, they are placed in a cold storage for cultivation for more than 20 days, and the temperature in the cold storage is 0-3℃.
[0018] Furthermore, after the vernalized broad bean seedlings are transplanted, the maximum temperature inside the greenhouse is less than 30°C.
[0019] Furthermore, 15 days before the vernalized broad bean sprouts have survived, the shade net should be deployed after 8:00 AM every day and retracted after 5:00 PM.
[0020] Furthermore, 15 days after the vernalized broad bean seedlings have survived, remove the shade netting from the trellis, control the larvae of the beet armyworm, and irrigate regularly and appropriately to keep the soil moist.
[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method for in-situ generation of broad beans in a facility is a method for in-situ generation of winter broad beans. In summer and autumn, robust broad bean seedlings are cultivated using a facility environment. Artificial vernalization is used to vernalize the seedlings. The first planting occurs in mid-to-late August of the same year, with the vernalized seedlings transplanted. Shading nets, sprinkler irrigation, and other cooling facilities are used to regulate the temperature, allowing the seedlings to establish themselves and grow. Mature broad bean seeds are harvested at the end of November. The second planting occurs in early December, with the first harvested seeds sown directly in a greenhouse with ventilation on both sides to protect against rain. Mature seeds are harvested again in late May or early June of the following year. With two seed harvests per year, in-situ generation is achieved, accelerating the breeding process.
[0022] In terms of breeding and generation, the present invention provides a method for breeding broad beans in the same location using facilities, which reduces the breeding time by half. Compared with the traditional breeding method, which only allows one harvest per year, this method can achieve two breeding cycles per year. For example, it used to take 8 years to breed a variety using the traditional method, but now it only takes 4 years using the method of breeding broad beans in the same location using facilities according to the present invention, which reduces the time by at least 50%, improves the breeding efficiency of broad beans, greatly reduces the breeding cycle, avoids breeding in different locations, and reduces the breeding cost. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0024] This invention provides a method for increasing the number of generations of broad beans in co-location facility breeding, comprising the following steps:
[0025] S1. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, broad bean seeds are harvested in June and cultivated into vernalized broad bean sprouts through artificial vernalization treatment.
[0026] In step S1, the artificial vernalization treatment specifically includes the following steps:
[0027] S11 placed the broad bean seeds in a low-temperature cold storage in early June for at least 20 days, with the storage temperature below -10℃.
[0028] In late July, S12 took out the refrigerated broad bean seeds and sowed them in the substrate of porous trays.
[0029] S13 involves placing the seed trays after sowing in a cooling facility to cultivate vernalized broad bean sprouts.
[0030] The acupuncture plate is a 50-well acupuncture plate.
[0031] In this embodiment, the cooling facilities include a double-layer shade net, sprinkler system, and water curtain fan.
[0032] S2. At the end of August, the vernalized broad bean seedlings will be transplanted into the facility greenhouse, which includes a frame, a frame with a film, and a shade net that can be retracted and placed on the frame.
[0033] Before transplanting vernalized broad bean seedlings into the greenhouse, when the seedlings have grown to 2 leaves and 1 heart, they should be placed in a cold storage for more than 20 days at a temperature of 0-3℃.
[0034] After the vernalization of broad bean seedlings is transplanted, the maximum temperature inside the greenhouse is less than 30°C.
[0035] Fifteen days before the vernalized broad bean sprouts have survived, the shade net should be spread out after 8 a.m. every day and taken down after 5 p.m.
[0036] Fifteen days after the vernalization of broad bean seedlings, remove the shade netting from the trellis, control beet armyworm larvae, and water regularly to keep the soil moist.
[0037] S3. Starting from the end of October, lower the ventilation film on both sides and the greenhouse doors on both ends to the greenhouse frame for insulation every night. Adjust the opening size of the ventilation openings according to the weather forecast in the morning to keep the temperature inside the greenhouse controlled between 0-20℃, below 20℃ during the day and above 0℃ at night.
[0038] S4. Harvest mature broad bean seeds at the end of November and plant them in the warm greenhouse.
[0039] S5. Harvest broad bean seeds in June of the following year to begin seed propagation for the next year.
[0040] This invention discloses a method for in-situ generation-increasing broad bean breeding in a facility. This method involves cultivating robust broad bean seedlings in a facility environment during summer and autumn, and then artificially vernalizing the seedlings. The first planting occurs in mid-to-late August of the same year, with the vernalized seedlings transplanted. Shading nets and sprinkler irrigation are used to regulate the temperature, allowing the seedlings to establish themselves and grow. Mature broad bean seeds are harvested at the end of November. The second planting occurs in early December, with the first harvested seeds sown directly in a greenhouse with ventilation on both sides to protect against rain. Mature seeds are harvested again in late May or early June of the following year. This method harvests seeds twice in one year, achieving in-situ generation and halving the time required for new variety breeding.
[0041] This invention provides a method for simultaneous breeding and generation of broad beans in the same location. This method shortens the breeding time compared to traditional breeding methods that only allow for one harvest per year. Instead, it allows for two breeding cycles per year. For example, while traditional methods require 8 years to breed a variety, this invention reduces the time to 4 years, shortening the time by at least 50%. This improves the efficiency of broad bean breeding, significantly reduces the breeding cycle, avoids cross-regional generation, and lowers breeding costs.
[0042] The present invention provides a method for advancing the generation of broad bean seedlings in a single-site facility. This method employs artificial vernalization of the seedlings and utilizes facility-based cooling to achieve two harvests within one growth cycle, thus accelerating the breeding process. The operation is feasible, shortens breeding time, and improves breeding efficiency. To further illustrate the implementation process of this invention's method, the following examples are provided.
[0043] Example 1
[0044] The method for increasing the number of generations of broad bean breeding in the same facility in this embodiment is as follows:
[0045] Broad bean seeds harvested in June of the same year are stored in a cold storage at a temperature below -10°C for more than 20 days. In late July, the seeds are removed from the cold storage and sown in 50-cell trays using a special substrate, one seed per cell. Sufficient water is provided, and vernalized broad bean seedlings are cultivated using a cooling system. Specifically, the vernalized broad bean seedlings are cultivated at a daily maximum temperature below 30°C within a cooling system (including double-layer shade netting, sprinkler irrigation, and water curtain fans).
[0046] When the broad bean sprouts have grown to the stage of 2 leaves and 1 heart, they should be dug up and placed in a cold storage for more than 20 days, with the temperature controlled within the range of 0-3℃.
[0047] Transplanted at the end of August into a pre-prepared greenhouse. The greenhouse is equipped with shade nets and a sprinkler system to cool and support the seedlings. The maximum temperature is controlled below 30℃. The shade nets are lowered after 8 am and taken down after 5 pm to maintain a certain level of light and to keep the surrounding drainage system unobstructed.
[0048] Remove the shade netting 15 days after the seedlings have survived (mid-September). Take precautions against beet armyworm larvae, and irrigate regularly to keep the soil moist.
[0049] The pods begin to bud and bloom in late September, and by the end of October, plump fresh pods are visible. Insulation film is then laid on the trellis to keep the temperature warm as it drops. The pods, which are basically mature and black, are harvested by the end of November.
[0050] After removing the outer pods, the broad bean seeds are directly sown in a greenhouse with the ventilation openings on both sides open to protect them from rain. The dried seeds are harvested for the second time in late May or early June of the following year.
[0051] Control aphids twice during the entire growing season: once before the new year when the weather is warm at the end of the year and cold at the beginning of the next year, and once during the following spring when the weather is cold at the end of the year and warm at the beginning of the next year. Also, pay attention to controlling downy mildew.
[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating this application and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A method for increasing the number of generations of broad bean breeding in the same location under protected conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, broad bean seeds are harvested in June and then cultivated through artificial vernalization treatment to obtain vernalized broad bean sprouts. At the end of August, the vernalized broad bean seedlings were transplanted into a greenhouse, which included a frame with a plastic film and a shade net that could be retracted onto the frame. After the transplanting, the maximum temperature inside the greenhouse was kept below 30°C. Before the seedlings had taken root for 15 days, the shade net was opened after 8:00 AM and closed after 5:00 PM every day. After the seedlings had taken root for 15 days, the shade net was removed from the frame, and beet armyworm larvae were controlled. The soil was watered regularly and appropriately to keep it moist. Starting from the end of October, the ventilation opening membranes on both sides and the greenhouse doors at both ends are lowered to the greenhouse frame for insulation every night. During the morning, the opening size of the ventilation openings is adjusted according to the weather forecast to keep the temperature inside the greenhouse controlled between 0-20℃, below 20℃ during the day and above 0℃ at night. Mature broad bean seeds were harvested at the end of November and planted on-site in insulated greenhouses; In June of the following year, broad bean seeds are harvested to complete one year of generation cycle and enter the next year of seed breeding in the same location. Aphids are controlled twice during the entire growing season: once before the end of the year when the weather is warm and cold at the beginning, and once before the end of the following spring when the weather is cold and warm at the beginning. The artificial vernalization treatment includes the following steps: In early June, the broad bean seeds were placed in a low-temperature cold storage for at least 20 days, with the storage temperature below -10°C. In late July, the refrigerated broad bean seeds were taken out and sown in the substrate of porous seed trays; The seedlings were placed in a cooling facility after sowing to cultivate vernalized broad bean sprouts; Before transplanting the vernalized broad bean seedlings into the greenhouse, when the seedlings have grown to the stage of 2 leaves and 1 bud, they are placed in a cold storage for more than 20 days at a temperature of 0-3℃.
2. The method for increasing the number of generations of broad bean breeding in the same facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acupuncture plate is a 50-well acupuncture plate.