A kind of tardibot artificial feed and tardibot feeding method

Abstract

The application provides artificial feed for Lycoriella ingenua and a method for breeding Lycoriella ingenua. The artificial feed for Lycoriella ingenua comprises vegetable powder, milk powder, yeast extract, vitamin C, coagulant, preservative and water. The method for breeding Lycoriella ingenua comprises the following steps: introducing Lycoriella ingenua into the artificial feed for Lycoriella ingenua, and breeding the Lycoriella ingenua under the conditions of 24-26 DEG C, 60-80% humidity and light cycle of total darkness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pest control, and in particular to an artificial feed for the fungus gnatula and a method for raising the fungus gnatula. Background Technology

[0002] The leek maggot (Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang) is a unique underground pest endemic to my country. Its larvae, commonly known as "leek maggots," feed on over 30 species of vegetables from 7 families, primarily leeks. In recent years, the leek maggot's damage has expanded to include flowers, edible fungi, and medicinal herbs. Due to their small size, highly concealed occurrence and damage, leek maggots are difficult to control and have become a major challenge in agricultural production.

[0003] Currently, the main method for controlling leek maggots is still root irrigation with chemical pesticides. However, the effectiveness of chemical pesticides is affected by important factors such as soil and crop protection, as well as uneven application, which easily leads to pesticide resistance in leek maggots. Furthermore, frequent or excessive use of chemical pesticides not only causes pesticide residues to exceed standards, posing a significant threat to food safety, but also seriously pollutes soil and water sources, damaging the ecological environment. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct research on pesticide screening, resistance assessment, and biological control methods for leek maggots.

[0004] Traditionally, leek maggots are raised using leek segments as feed. This involves washing and cutting leek segments into small pieces for the maggots to eat. However, pesticide residues in the leek often kill the maggots, leading to inconsistent rearing practices, making it impossible to continue breeding the maggots, and easily causing them to develop pesticide resistance. Furthermore, leek is difficult to preserve, making the rearing process cumbersome and increasing costs, thus unsuitable for large-scale farming. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One aspect of the present invention provides an artificial feed for the mushroom mosquito, comprising vegetable powder, milk powder, yeast extract, vitamin C, coagulant, preservative and water.

[0006] In one specific embodiment, the vegetable powder is celery powder.

[0007] In one specific embodiment, the coagulant is agar powder.

[0008] In one specific embodiment, the preservative is sorbic acid.

[0009] In one specific embodiment, the ingredients are 10 to 18 parts by weight of vegetable powder, 1 to 3 parts by weight of milk powder, 1 to 5 parts by weight of yeast extract, 0.2 to 0.8 parts by weight of vitamin C, 1.5 to 5 parts by weight of coagulant, 0.02 to 0.08 parts by weight of preservative, and 80 to 120 parts by weight of water.

[0010] In one specific embodiment, the artificial feed for *Myxomycium chinense* is prepared by the following operation: the coagulant is mixed with water, boiled, and then the preservative, vegetable powder, yeast extract, milk powder and vitamin C are added, mixed evenly, and cooled and solidified to obtain the artificial feed for *Myxomycium chinense*.

[0011] The second invention provides a method for raising *Myxomycium chinense*, which includes the following steps: feeding *Myxomycium chinense* larvae with the artificial feed for *Myxomycium chinense* as described in any one of the inventions, and raising them in complete darkness with a photoperiod of 24 to 26°C and 60% to 80% humidity.

[0012] In one specific implementation, adult *Fungiidae* mosquitoes are introduced into a modified culture dish, allowing the female and male mosquitoes to mate and lay eggs, which then hatch into larvae.

[0013] The modified petri dish was modified as follows:

[0014] Cut off the part of the centrifuge tube below 4 / 5 of the opening to obtain a centrifuge tube with the bottom exposed;

[0015] Cut a circular hole in the lid of the petri dish that is equal to the diameter of the exposed centrifuge tube (which can be any point in the height direction of the exposed centrifuge tube) to obtain a petri dish lid with a circular hole.

[0016] The exposed centrifuge tube is placed in the round hole, and the contact part between the exposed centrifuge tube and the round hole is sealed to obtain the modified petri dish lid;

[0017] With the petri dish lid facing downwards as the "downward" direction, the cap of the centrifuge tube with the exposed bottom is located above the modified petri dish lid.

[0018] The modified petri dish lid is used in conjunction with the bottom of the petri dish to obtain the modified petri dish;

[0019] After inoculating the adult *Fungiidae* mosquitoes into the modified culture dish, cover the exposed centrifuge tube with its cap.

[0020] In one specific embodiment, before introducing the adult *Fungiidae* larvae into the modified culture dish, a moist filter paper is placed at the bottom of the modified culture dish.

[0021] In one specific embodiment, female and male *Aegilops spp.* are placed in the modified culture dish at a ratio of (1 to 2):1.

[0022] In one specific embodiment, after the female and male adult *Amanita muscaria* mate and lay eggs, and the eggs hatch into larvae, the artificial feed is added to the modified culture dish to feed the larvae.

[0023] In one specific embodiment, the leek ...

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] (1) The consistency and stability of the *Fungiformis lataniae* obtained by the method of the present invention are greatly improved, which correspondingly improves the credibility and reliability of biological experiments.

[0026] (2) The feeding method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, which solves the problem that the late-eyed fungus mosquitoes are easily stuck to the ground during the feeding process when other artificial feeds are used. It does not require a lot of manpower and resources, and greatly improves the feeding efficiency.

[0027] (3) The preparation of artificial feed in the method of the present invention reduces the dependence on natural feed, so that there will be no shortage of feed due to the seasonal shutdown of natural feed during the feeding process, thus realizing continuous feeding.

[0028] (4) The celery powder used in the method of the present invention is rich in protein, vitamins and a variety of trace elements, and is nutritious enough to meet the growth and development needs of the larvae, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of the larvae's reproduction.

[0029] (5) The feed raw materials in the method of the present invention are low in cost. The main component, celery, has a market price of 2 yuan / jin and a powder yield of 7%, which is inexpensive. In contrast, the existing artificial feed component, mushroom, has a market price of 5 yuan / jin and a powder yield of 7.4%, which is expensive.

[0030] In summary, after adopting the artificial feed and feeding method of the present invention, the survival rate, pupation rate and eclosion rate of *Myxomycium chinense* are all higher than those of natural feed or other artificial feed, realizing low-cost large-scale breeding of *Myxomycium chinense*. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 The invention is shown in a container for raising leek-eye fungus gnats. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. However, the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative examples and should not be construed as limiting the present invention under any circumstances.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents used in this invention are commercially available.

[0034] Celery powder: It is obtained by washing commercially available celery, drying it at 60℃, and then grinding it.

[0035] Oyster mushroom powder: Commercially available oyster mushrooms are washed, dried at 60℃, and then ground.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Preparation of artificial feed:

[0038] (1) Artificial feed components: 10g celery powder, 3g milk powder, 5g yeast extract, 0.5g vitamin C, 2.5g agar powder, 0.05g sorbic acid, and 100mL water.

[0039] (2) Dissolve agar powder in distilled water, boil it in a microwave oven, add sorbic acid first, then add the other ingredients that are mixed evenly, stir well, pour it into a petri dish with a diameter of 90 mm and let it cool and solidify naturally, and store it at 4℃ for later use.

[0040] Feeding methods:

[0041] Cut off the bottom 4 / 5 of a 1.5mL centrifuge tube, exposing the bottom. Cut a circular hole in the petri dish lid, the diameter of which should be the same as the exposed centrifuge tube, to obtain a petri dish lid with a hole. Use hot glue to assemble the exposed centrifuge tube and the lid through the hole, resulting in a modified petri dish lid. With the lid facing down, the exposed centrifuge tube lid is positioned above the petri dish lid. Use the modified petri dish lid with the bottom of the petri dish to obtain a modified petri dish.

[0042] Line the bottom of the modified culture dish with two layers of moist filter paper and cover it with the modified culture dish lid. Using a siphon tube matching the diameter of the exposed centrifuge tube, 20 male and 20 female *Amanita muscaria* larvae collected from the field are introduced into the modified culture dish through the exposed centrifuge tube. After introduction, the cap of the exposed centrifuge tube is covered and the dish is placed in an artificial climate chamber (temperature 25℃, relative humidity 70%, photoperiod completely dark) to allow them to mate and lay eggs. After the eggs hatch, chopped artificial feed is added to the modified culture dish to feed the larvae. Each culture dish serves as one replicate, and the process is repeated three times.

[0043] Regularly observe the growth and reproduction of the leek-eyed fungus gnatus, and count the number of eggs laid, the number of hatched larvae, the number of surviving larvae, the number of pupae, and the number of adults in each generation. Calculate the survival rate, pupation rate, adulthood rate, and average number of eggs laid per female using the formulas below. The relevant results of the offspring after one year of rearing are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Hatching rate (%) = Number of hatched larvae / Total number of eggs × 100%;

[0045] Survival rate (%) = Number of adult insects that have emerged / Total number of eggs × 100%;

[0046] Pupaementation rate (%) = Number of pupae / Total number of larvae × 100%;

[0047] Emergence rate (%) = Number of adults that have emerged / Total number of pupae × 100%;

[0048] The number of eggs laid by a single female is the total number of eggs laid by each adult female in her lifetime, calculated as the average of three replicates.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The feed formula was adjusted to 15g celery powder, 2g milk powder, and 3g yeast extract. The feeding temperature was 24℃ and the relative humidity was 80%. Other aspects were the same as in Example 1.

[0051] The growth and reproduction of *Leptochloa crus-galli* were observed regularly. The number of eggs laid, hatched larvae, surviving larvae, pupating larvae, and emerging larvae in each generation were recorded. The survival rate, pupation rate, emergence rate, and number of eggs laid per female were calculated. The relevant results of the offspring after one year of rearing are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] The feed formula was adjusted to 18g celery powder, 1g milk powder, and 1g yeast extract. The feeding temperature was 26℃ and the relative humidity was 60%. Other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0054] The growth and reproduction of *Leptochloa crus-galli* were observed regularly. The number of eggs laid, hatched larvae, surviving larvae, pupating larvae, and emerging larvae in each generation were recorded. The survival rate, pupation rate, emergence rate, and number of eggs laid per female were calculated. The relevant results of the offspring after one year of rearing are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] Leek licorice pseudostems, a natural feed, were used to feed leek licorice mosquitoes, using the same feeding method as in Example 1.

[0057] The growth and reproduction of *Leptochloa crus-galli* were observed regularly. The number of eggs laid, hatched larvae, surviving larvae, pupating larvae, and emerging larvae in each generation were recorded. The survival rate, pupation rate, emergence rate, and number of eggs laid per female were calculated. The relevant results of the offspring after one year of rearing are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] The artificial feed for *Lysimachia foetida* in Example 1 of CN200810238713.6 was used to feed the mosquitoes, and the feeding method was the same as in Example 1. The mushroom powder used was *Pleurotus ostreatus* powder.

[0060] The growth and reproduction of *Leptochloa crus-galli* were observed regularly. The number of eggs laid, hatched larvae, surviving larvae, pupating larvae, and emerging larvae in each generation were recorded. The survival rate, pupation rate, emergence rate, and number of eggs laid per female were calculated. The relevant results of the offspring after one year of rearing are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] The preparation of artificial feed is the same as in Example 1.

[0063] Rearing method: Use the bottom of a 60mm diameter petri dish as the bottom of the insect rearing cage. Place two layers of moistened filter paper on the bottom of the cage. Invert a 60mm diameter disposable plastic cup onto the bottom of the cage and seal the connection between the two parts with sealing film to form the insect rearing cage. Make a hole in the side wall of the cage and use a suction tube to introduce 20 male and 20 female adult leek mushroom flies collected from the field into the cage through the hole in the side wall. Then seal the hole in the side wall with sealing film. After the adults die, transfer the filter paper containing eggs to a regular 90mm petri dish containing moistened filter paper and place it in an artificial climate chamber (temperature 25℃, relative humidity 70%, photoperiod is complete darkness). After the eggs hatch, cut artificial feed into pieces and feed it to the larvae.

[0064] The growth and reproduction of *Leptochloa crus-galli* were observed regularly. The number of eggs laid, hatched larvae, surviving larvae, pupating larvae, and emerging larvae in each generation were recorded. The survival rate, pupation rate, emergence rate, and number of eggs laid per female were calculated. The relevant results of the offspring after one year of rearing are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1

[0066] feed Hatching rate (%) Survival rate (%) pupation rate (%) Feathering rate (%) Egg production per female (number of eggs) Example 1 98.83±0.12a 94.00±0.06a 97.98±0.06a 97.07±0.22a 119.85±1.28a Example 2 98.97±0.03a 93.40±0.26a 97.95±0.26a 96.36±0.52a 118.30±1.16ab Example 3 98.64±0.27a 93.05±0.55a 97.83±0.25a 96.43±0.44a 116.75±0.92ab Comparative Example 1 98.00±0.06a 83.37±0.32c 95.71±0.20b 88.88±0.31c 105.70±1.20c Comparative Example 2 98.37±0.24a 83.13±0.19c 92.99±0.06c 90.89±0.46b 108.40±1.07c Comparative Example 3 95.57±0.32b 90.33±0.34b 97.66±0.30a 96.79±0.13a 115.85±0.86b

[0067] Note: The data in the table are the average standard error. Different letters after the data in the same column indicate that the differences are significant at the 5% level as determined by Duncan's new multiple range test.

[0068] Table 1 shows that the hatching rate, survival rate, and single female egg production of *Amanita muscaria* obtained using the artificial feed and rearing methods in Examples 1 to 3 all exceeded those of the feed and rearing methods in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, indicating that Examples 1 to 3 can meet the nutritional needs of *Amanita muscaria* at various growth stages. Furthermore, the artificial feed in Comparative Example 2 was too sticky, causing the test insects to stick and die. In Comparative Example 3, when insects were introduced into the rearing cage, adult insects sometimes emerged from holes in the side wall; and during egg laying, female insects laid eggs not only on the filter paper but also in the gaps between the cage bottom and the filter paper. This required collecting the egg masses with a brush when transferring them, but the egg masses were fragile and would die upon contact with the brush, and there was also a possibility of egg masses sticking to the brush and being lost, thus reducing the hatching rate. The modified culture dish of the present invention can cover the exposed centrifuge tube with the cap after the insects are inoculated, thus preventing the adult insects from escaping in a sealed state. In addition, the modified culture dish of the present invention can also eliminate the step of transferring egg masses, thereby reducing the mortality and loss caused by egg mass transfer. Furthermore, the modified culture dish cap can be matched with the bottom of a new culture dish of the same specifications, which can be reused.

[0069] Feeding *Leptochloa leekis* with the artificial feed of this invention can increase the egg production per female, thereby significantly improving the uniformity and stability of *Leptochloa leekis*, which can increase the credibility and reliability of biological experiments.

[0070] While the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes can be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, numerous modifications can be made to the subject, spirit, and scope of the invention to suit specific situations, materials, material compositions, and methods. All such modifications are included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rearing *Myxomycium chinense*, comprising the following steps: introducing adult *Myxomycium chinense* into a modified culture dish, allowing female and male insects to mate and lay eggs, and allowing the eggs to hatch into larvae; feeding the *Myxomycium chinense* larvae with artificial *Myxomycium chinense* feed, and rearing them in complete darkness with a photoperiod of 24 to 26°C and 60% to 80% humidity; The modified culture dish is achieved through the following modifications: The centrifuge tube is cut off below 4 / 5 of its opening, resulting in an exposed bottom; a circular hole with a diameter equivalent to the exposed bottom centrifuge tube is cut into the dish lid, resulting in a dish lid with a circular hole; the exposed bottom centrifuge tube is placed into the circular hole, and the contact area between the exposed bottom centrifuge tube and the circular hole is sealed, resulting in the modified culture dish lid; wherein… With the petri dish lid facing downwards, the cap of the centrifuge tube with the exposed bottom is located above the modified petri dish lid; The modified petri dish lid is used in conjunction with the bottom of the petri dish to obtain the modified petri dish; After inoculating the adult *Fungiidae* mosquitoes into the modified culture dish, cover the exposed centrifuge tube with its cap. The artificial feed for the 'Late-eyed Fungus gnat' comprises vegetable powder, milk powder, yeast extract, vitamin C, coagulant, preservative, and water; the vegetable powder is celery powder; the feed consists of 10 to 18 parts by weight of vegetable powder, 1 to 3 parts by weight of milk powder, 1 to 5 parts by weight of yeast extract, 0.2 to 0.8 parts by weight of vitamin C, 1.5 to 5 parts by weight of coagulant, 0.02 to 0.08 parts by weight of preservative, and 80 to 120 parts by weight of water.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before introducing the adult *Fungiidae* mosquitoes into the modified culture dish, a moist filter paper is placed at the bottom of the modified culture dish. Female and male *Aegilops lataniae* were placed in the modified culture dish at a ratio of (1 to 2):

1.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the adult female and male *Fungiidae* larvae mate and lay eggs, and the eggs hatch into larvae, the artificial feed of *Fungiidae* larvae is added to the modified culture dish to feed the larvae.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coagulant is agar powder.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preservative is sorbic acid.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The artificial feed for the 'Late-eyed Fungus gnat' is prepared by the following steps: the coagulant is mixed with water and boiled, then the preservative, vegetable powder, yeast extract, milk powder and vitamin C are added, mixed evenly, and cooled to solidify to obtain the artificial feed for the 'Late-eyed Fungus gnat'.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The term "slow-eyed fungus mosquito" refers to the leek-eyed fungus mosquito.

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