Tailstock device for an inverted machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a tailstock device suitable for an inverted machine tool, which is compactly embedded on a lower bed body and greatly reduces the occupied space of a traditional tailstock by breaking away from the design concept of the traditional tailstock; the flexible compensation hydraulic telescopic form is adopted by abandoning the traditional manual clamping, and flexible compensation of the tailstock is realized through control of a numerical control system, so that the operation is convenient and work efficiency is improved; finally, a protection assembly is installed on the hydraulic tailstock, so that the accumulation and entry of turning chips and dust into the tailstock are effectively prevented, and the performance and service life of the hydraulic tailstock are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool accessories technology, and in particular to a tailstock device with flexible compensation and protective components suitable for inverted machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of shaft parts, inverted lathes offer advantages such as high precision, high stability, and wide applicability. Machining slender shaft parts requires a tailstock to support and position the workpiece, ensuring its stability and coaxiality of the upper and lower ends. Currently, traditional tailstocks generally have the following shortcomings: ① Conventional tailstocks are not suitable for inverted lathes; some tailstocks that are suitable occupy a large space and have large installation dimensions, limiting the machining range of the workpiece; ② Most traditional tailstocks are manual, inconvenient to operate, and have low work efficiency; ③ Traditional tailstocks generally do not protect against turning chips and are prone to chip accumulation.

[0003] Currently, most hydraulic tailstocks cannot be used on vertical lathes. The few hydraulic tailstocks that are suitable for vertical lathes have complex structures and occupy a large amount of space, such as... Figure 8 As shown. This hydraulic tailstock is fixed to the bed column. The tailstock body is connected to the tailstock base via a connecting key. A sleeve is installed inside the tailstock body cavity. The push rod installed inside the sleeve is connected to the fixing cover via a locking nut. The fixing cover is installed at the lower end of the tailstock body. First, the above-mentioned tailstock occupies a large space. Improving the ordinary tailstock into an internal hydraulic cylinder form results in a large installation size, which seriously reduces the length of workpieces that the machine tool can process. Second, as a tailstock mechanism suitable for vertical lathes, during its processing, turning chips and dust are easily accumulated or fall into the tailstock device due to their own gravity, such as... Figure 9 As shown, this situation will affect the processing and normal expansion and contraction of the structure, damaging the performance and lifespan of the tailstock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a tailstock device suitable for inverted machine tools to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems. Specifically for inverted turning machine tools, a compact tailstock structure that is space-saving and retractable is provided. Addressing the inconvenience and low efficiency of manual tailstock operation, this device employs a hydraulically retractable tailstock, which can be flexibly compensated by the CNC system, making it easy to operate, highly reliable, and improving work efficiency. To prevent the accumulation or entry of turning chips and dust into the tailstock device during machining, the device uses a protective component to prevent the accumulation or entry of turning chips and dust, ensuring lathe machining and protecting the performance and service life of the hydraulic tailstock.

[0005] This invention provides the following solution:

[0006] A tailstock device suitable for inverted machine tools, comprising:

[0007] Mounting base, the mounting base being used to connect to the lower bed of the machine tool;

[0008] The tailstock body is connected to the mounting base; the tailstock body includes a top tailstock and a telescopic drive assembly, the top tailstock is used to mount the top tip, and the telescopic drive assembly is used to drive the top tailstock to perform telescopic movement.

[0009] The protective assembly includes a telescopic protective cover body and multiple sets of blowing mechanisms located on the telescopic protective cover body; the telescopic protective cover body is fitted onto the outside of the tailstock body from the upper part of the tailstock body, so that the protective assembly extends and retracts synchronously with the tip tailstock.

[0010] The telescopic protective cover body is provided with an air inlet. The air inlet and multiple sets of the purging mechanism are connected to a positive pressure gas generator so that positive pressure gas enters the interior of the telescopic protective cover body through the air inlet, creating a positive pressure environment inside the telescopic protective cover body. The positive pressure gas is then guided to the tip by the purging mechanism to purge the tip.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic protective cover body includes a telescopic bellows cover and a stainless steel protective cover plate; the air inlet is provided on the stainless steel protective cover plate.

[0012] Preferably, the connection between the stainless steel protective cover and the retractable bellows cover is provided with an umbrella-shaped inclined structure.

[0013] Preferably, the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped inclined structure is not less than 42°.

[0014] Preferably, multiple sets of the purging mechanisms are evenly arranged along the circumference of the stainless steel protective cover.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder and a piston, and the tip tailstock is fixedly connected to the piston.

[0016] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder includes an inflow path and an outflow path; the inflow path and the outflow path are equipped with oil pressure sensors; the oil pressure sensors are used to acquire the oil pressure deviation values ​​of the inflow path and the outflow path; so that the analog quantity acquisition module can perform feedback control based on the deviation values, and the digital quantity output module can perform dynamic adjustment to realize the hydraulic valve action, control the hydraulic oil flow rate of the inflow path and the outflow path, and make it reach the preset oil pressure range.

[0017] Preferably, the tailstock body further includes a mounting flange, which is fitted onto the outside of the top tailstock; a gasket is provided between the mounting flange and the mounting base.

[0018] Preferably, the tailstock body further includes a steel sleeve flange and a copper sleeve. The copper sleeve is fitted outside the center tailstock and located above the mounting flange. The steel sleeve flange is fitted outside the copper sleeve and located above the mounting flange. The telescopic protective cover body is fitted outside the steel sleeve flange, and the side of the telescopic protective cover body is fixedly connected to the steel sleeve flange.

[0019] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0020] This application provides a tailstock device suitable for inverted machine tools. This device breaks away from the traditional tailstock design concept, with a compact, embedded installation on the lower machine bed, greatly reducing the space occupied by traditional tailstocks. Furthermore, in the telescopic clamping design, it abandons the traditional manual clamping and adopts a flexible compensation hydraulic telescopic form. The flexible compensation of the tailstock is achieved through the control of the CNC system, making operation convenient and improving work efficiency. Finally, protective components are installed on the hydraulic tailstock to effectively prevent the accumulation of turning chips and dust and their entry into the tailstock, ensuring the performance and service life of the hydraulic tailstock.

[0021] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state between a tailstock device and the lower bed of an inverted machine tool, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tailstock body and protective components provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a tailstock device suitable for an inverted machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positive pressure airflow direction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic oil circuit connection sensor status provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control working principle of the hydraulic tailstock provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the existing technology in which the hydraulic tailstock is fixed to the bed column;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the entry location of accumulated debris and dust provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: Tailstock device 100, machine tool lower bed 200, mounting seat 1, tailstock body 2, center tailstock 21, telescopic drive assembly 22, hydraulic cylinder 221, piston 222, oil pressure sensor 223, mounting flange 23, gasket 24, steel sleeve flange 25, copper sleeve 26, protective assembly 3, telescopic protective cover body 31, telescopic bellows cover 311, stainless steel protective cover 312, umbrella-shaped inclined structure 313, purging mechanism 32, air inlet 33. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 This invention provides a tailstock device suitable for inverted machine tools, as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the tailstock device 100 may include:

[0035] Mounting base 1, which is used to connect to the lower bed 200 of the machine tool;

[0036] Tailstock body 2, which is connected to the mounting base 1; the tailstock body 2 includes a top tailstock 21 and a telescopic drive assembly 22, the top tailstock 21 is used to mount the top, and the telescopic drive assembly 22 is used to drive the top tailstock 21 to perform telescopic movement.

[0037] The protective component 3 includes a telescopic protective cover body 31 and multiple sets of blowing mechanisms 32 located on the telescopic protective cover body 31; the telescopic protective cover body 31 is fitted onto the outside of the tailstock body 2 from the upper part of the tailstock body 2 so that the protective component 3 extends and retracts synchronously with the tip tailstock 21.

[0038] The telescopic protective cover body 31 is provided with an air inlet 33. The air inlet 33 and the multiple sets of the purging mechanism 32 are all connected to a positive pressure gas generator so that positive pressure gas enters the interior of the telescopic protective cover body 31 through the air inlet 33 to form a positive pressure environment inside the telescopic protective cover body 31, and the positive pressure gas is guided to the tip by the purging mechanism 32 to purge the tip.

[0039] The tailstock device provided in this application embodiment, applicable to inverted machine tools, differs from conventional tailstocks which are mounted on the machine tool column. Instead, the tailstock device 100 is mounted on the lower bed 200 of the machine tool. This compact installation not only increases the machine tool's machining range but also reduces the space it occupies. During assembly, it only requires coaxiality with the spindle axis in the spindle unit. The protective component 3 effectively protects the hydraulic tailstock. During the extension and retraction of the tailstock body 2, the top of the protective component 3 moves along with the movement of the center tailstock 21. The telescopic protective cover body 31 extends and retracts with the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic tailstock, without affecting the normal use of the tailstock device.

[0040] It is understood that the telescopic protective cover body 31 provided in this application embodiment can protect the debris accumulated on the tailstock body 2 at the step. In order to achieve the purpose of telescopic extension and retraction with the movement of the top tailstock 21, this application embodiment can also provide that the telescopic protective cover body 31 includes a telescopic bellows cover 311 and a stainless steel protective cover plate 312; the air inlet 33 is provided on the stainless steel protective cover plate 312. The stainless steel protective cover plate 312 can move with the movement of the top tailstock 21, and at the same time drive the telescopic bellows cover 311 to extend and retract.

[0041] To further enhance the prevention of chip accumulation, this embodiment of the application may also provide an umbrella-shaped inclined structure 313 at the connection between the stainless steel protective cover 312 and the retractable bellows cover 311. Furthermore, the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped inclined structure 313 is not less than 42°.

[0042] The protective component 3 provided in this application embodiment includes a blowing mechanism 32, which can blow away debris at the tip during processing to prevent debris accumulation. In order to achieve 360-degree blowing, this application embodiment can also provide multiple sets of the blowing mechanism 32 evenly arranged along the circumference of the stainless steel protective cover plate 312.

[0043] It is understood that the telescopic drive unit provided in this application embodiment can take many forms, such as hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive, and other methods. In one implementation, this application embodiment can provide that the telescopic drive assembly 22 includes a hydraulic cylinder 221 and a piston 222, with the tip tailstock 21 fixedly connected to the piston 222.

[0044] To further achieve compensatory control of the hydraulic system, this embodiment of the application may also provide that the hydraulic cylinder 221 includes an inflow path and an outflow path; the inflow path and the outflow path are provided with oil pressure sensors 223; the oil pressure sensors 223 are used to acquire the oil pressure deviation values ​​of the inflow path and the outflow path; so that the analog quantity acquisition module can perform feedback control based on the deviation values, and the digital quantity output module can perform dynamic adjustment to realize the hydraulic valve action, control the hydraulic oil flow rate of the inflow path and the outflow path, and make it reach the preset oil pressure range.

[0045] Furthermore, to facilitate the fixing of the center tailstock 21, this embodiment of the application may also provide that the tailstock body 2 further includes a mounting flange 23, which is fitted onto the outside of the center tailstock 21; a washer 24 is provided between the mounting flange 23 and the mounting base 1. The minimum height of the center tailstock 21 can be adjusted by the washer 24.

[0046] Furthermore, the tailstock body 2 also includes a steel sleeve flange 25 and a copper sleeve 26. The copper sleeve 26 is fitted outside the tip tailstock 21 and located above the mounting flange 23. The steel sleeve flange 25 is fitted outside the copper sleeve 26 and located above the mounting flange 23. The telescopic protective cover body 31 is fitted outside the steel sleeve flange 25 and the side of the telescopic protective cover body 31 is fixedly connected to the steel sleeve flange 25.

[0047] The following describes in detail the structure and usage of the device provided in the embodiments of this application, taking hydraulic drive as an example.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, unlike conventional tailstocks which are mounted on the machine tool column, the hydraulic tailstock is mounted on the lower bed of the machine tool. This compact mounting not only increases the machine tool's machining range but also reduces the space it occupies. During assembly, it is necessary to ensure coaxiality with the spindle axis in the spindle unit.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic tailstock for the inverted machine tool mainly consists of a protective component 3, a steel sleeve flange 25, a copper sleeve 26, a center tailstock 21, a mounting flange 23, a hydraulic cylinder 221, a piston 222, a gasket 24, and a mounting base 1, and is installed on the lower bed of the machine tool.

[0050] The piston 222 and the center tailstock 21 are firmly fixed with screws (with built-in sealing rings). The piston 222, with the center tailstock 21 fixed, is then assembled into the hydraulic cylinder 221. The piston 222 and the cylinder contact surface are fitted with sealing rings. Then, the mounting flange 23 is installed on the cylinder through a fit, allowing the piston 222 and the center tailstock 21 to move within the cylinder (all mating parts are fitted with sealing rings). The copper sleeve 26 is then fixed to the steel sleeve flange 25 and installed as a whole on the center tailstock 21. The contact surface is fitted with sealing rings. Finally, the upper end of the protective component 3 is installed on the center tailstock 21, and the side is installed on the steel sleeve flange 25.

[0051] Without protection, machining with a hydraulic tailstock device will generate a significant amount of chips at the steps, which may become entangled. Furthermore, dust can enter through gaps in the fit, affecting the performance of the hydraulic tailstock and shortening its lifespan. Therefore, it is necessary to install protective components 3 for this device to effectively prevent chip and dust problems.

[0052] A cross-sectional view of the protective component 3 of the hydraulic tailstock is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the protective assembly 3 consists of a retractable bellows cover 311, a stainless steel protective cover 312, and a blowing mechanism 32. This device completely encloses the tailstock, preventing turning chips and dust from entering the tailstock mechanism. The protective assembly 3 has umbrella-shaped bevels, which effectively prevent chip accumulation. During the extension and retraction of the hydraulic tailstock, the stainless steel protective cover 312 moves with the movement of the center tailstock 21, and the retractable bellows cover 311 extends and retracts with the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic tailstock.

[0053] Effective protection of the protective component 3 can be optimized by changing the tilt angle of the umbrella-shaped slope of the stainless steel protective cover 312. The extension and retraction stroke of the hydraulic tailstock can be optimized by changing the depth of the hydraulic cylinder and the length of the tip tailstock 21, and the minimum height of the tailstock can be optimized by adjusting the height of the washer 24.

[0054] Tailstock protection component 3 Figure 5 As shown.

[0055] Protective component 3: The air inlet 33 on the stainless steel protective plate is located at point D. It is connected to compressed air through an air pipe, so that the entire protective component 3 is under positive pressure. Each installation gap is protected by air pressure as shown in F, so that dust will not enter the interior of the protective component 3. The blowing mechanism 32 is connected to compressed air at point E, so that it blows the tip 360°, effectively preventing the turning chips from getting entangled and accumulating. The stainless steel protective cover plate 312 is an umbrella-shaped slope. Through multiple tests, it has been found that when the angle is not less than 42°, the chips will slide down the slope and not accumulate.

[0056] The working principle of the hydraulic tailstock is as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown:

[0057] Hydraulic tailstock: When oil circuit C is plugged, hydraulic oil flows in from inlet oil circuit A and out from outlet oil circuit B. At this time, the hydraulic tailstock rises and tightens, the protective component 3 rises together, and the bellows cover unfolds. When oil circuit C is plugged again, hydraulic oil flows out from inlet oil circuit A and flows in from outlet oil circuit B. At this time, the hydraulic tailstock descends and retracts, the protective component 3 descends together, and the bellows cover closes. Its lifting stroke is determined by the depth of hydraulic cylinder 221 and the length of the center tailstock 21. The minimum height of the tailstock is adjusted by washer 24.

[0058] Oil pressure sensors 223 are installed in the inflow oil path A and the outflow oil path B. The corresponding oil pressure range is measured according to different workpieces. If the oil pressure values ​​in the inflow oil path A and the outflow oil path B deviate during clamping and processing, the analog quantity acquisition module will process the real-time monitoring into data, then perform feedback control, and then the digital quantity output module will make dynamic adjustments to realize the hydraulic valve action, control the hydraulic oil flow in the inflow oil path A and the outflow oil path B to reach a suitable oil pressure range, thereby realizing the flexible adaptive compensation of the telescopic tailstock.

[0059] In summary, the tailstock device provided in this application for inverted machine tools breaks away from the traditional tailstock design concept, with a compact, embedded installation on the lower bed, greatly reducing the space occupied by traditional tailstocks. Furthermore, in the telescopic clamping design, the traditional manual clamping is abandoned in favor of a flexible, compensated hydraulic telescopic mechanism. The flexible compensation of the tailstock is achieved through CNC system control, making operation convenient and improving work efficiency. Finally, protective components are installed on the hydraulic tailstock, effectively preventing the accumulation and entry of turning chips and dust into the tailstock, ensuring the performance and service life of the hydraulic tailstock.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0061] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this application.

[0062] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system or system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. The systems and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tailstock device suitable for inverted machine tools, characterized in that, include: Mounting base, the mounting base being used to connect to the lower bed of the machine tool; The tailstock body is connected to the mounting base; the tailstock body includes a top tailstock and a telescopic drive assembly, the top tailstock is used to mount the top tip, and the telescopic drive assembly is used to drive the top tailstock to perform telescopic movement. The protective assembly includes a telescopic protective cover body and multiple sets of blowing mechanisms located on the telescopic protective cover body; the telescopic protective cover body is fitted onto the outside of the tailstock body from the upper part of the tailstock body, so that the protective assembly extends and retracts synchronously with the tip tailstock. The telescopic protective cover body is provided with an air inlet. The air inlet and multiple sets of the purging mechanism are connected to a positive pressure gas generator so that positive pressure gas enters the interior of the telescopic protective cover body through the air inlet to create a positive pressure environment inside the telescopic protective cover body. The positive pressure gas is then guided to the tip of the cover by the purging mechanism to purge the tip. The telescopic protective cover body includes a telescopic bellows cover and a stainless steel protective cover plate; the connection between the stainless steel protective cover plate and the telescopic bellows cover is provided with an umbrella-shaped inclined structure; the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped inclined structure is not less than 42°. The telescopic drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder and a piston. The hydraulic cylinder includes an inflow path and an outflow path. Oil pressure sensors are installed in the inflow path and the outflow path. The oil pressure sensors are used to acquire the oil pressure deviation values ​​of the inflow path and the outflow path. This allows the analog signal acquisition module to perform feedback control based on the deviation values, and the digital signal output module to dynamically adjust the control, thereby actuating the hydraulic valve and controlling the hydraulic oil flow rate in the inflow path and the outflow path to achieve a preset oil pressure range. The tailstock body also includes a mounting flange, which is fitted onto the outside of the center tailstock; the tailstock body also includes a steel sleeve flange and a copper sleeve, the copper sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the center tailstock and located on the upper part of the mounting flange, the steel sleeve flange is fitted onto the outside of the copper sleeve and located on the upper part of the mounting flange; the telescopic protective cover body is fitted onto the outside of the steel sleeve flange and the side of the telescopic protective cover body is fixedly connected to the steel sleeve flange.

2. The tailstock device for inverted machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet is located on the stainless steel protective cover.

3. The tailstock device for inverted machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sets of the purging mechanisms are evenly arranged along the circumference of the stainless steel protective cover.

4. The tailstock device for inverted machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tip tailstock is fixedly connected to the piston.

5. The tailstock device for inverted machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gasket is provided between the mounting flange and the mounting base.

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