A spindle outer cone major diameter length measuring device and method

Abstract

This application relates to the field of bearing testing, and in particular to a device for measuring the length of the large end of the outer taper of a spindle. The device has a semi-circular structure and is mounted on the spindle. It includes: a straight hole section, shorter than the length of the straight section of the spindle, wherein during measurement, the inner wall of the straight hole section is completely in contact with the outer wall of the spindle; and an obtuse taper section connected to one side of the straight hole section, wherein the angle between the inner wall of the obtuse taper section and the straight hole section is obtuse, wherein during measurement, the inner taper surface of the obtuse taper section is completely in contact with the outer taper surface of the spindle. This application can reduce the error in measuring the distance between the largest end of the taper surface and the shaft shoulder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bearing testing, and in particular to a device and method for measuring the length of the large end of the outer tapered spindle. Background Technology

[0002] During use, high-precision lathe electric spindles are subjected to large radial forces. Therefore, cylindrical roller bearings are usually selected at the first position near the nose end. The inner bore of this bearing is tapered with a 1:12 diameter. The tapered bore surface is used to mate with the outer circular surface of the spindle with the same taper. By tightening the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing with a lock nut, the outer diameter of the inner ring will gradually expand under the guidance of the tapered surface and the locking force of the lock nut, thus pushing the gap between the ball and the inner hole of the outer ring to become 0 or negative.

[0003] After selecting the remaining oil clearance of the cylindrical roller bearing, measure the clearance between the bearing's large end face and the spindle shoulder. Then, install a grinding spacer with a thickness matching the clearance to ensure that the cylindrical roller bearing remains within this clearance range after being locked. To ensure that the clearance of the cylindrical roller bearing is within the standard range, the distance between the largest end of the spindle tapered surface and the shoulder must be maintained within the standard range when machining the spindle tapered surface.

[0004] Currently, the method for measuring the distance between the maximum end of the conical surface and the shoulder is usually to remove the spindle after machining on the machine tool, insert a ring gauge from the tail end of the spindle, and use gauge blocks to measure the gap between the shoulder and the end face of the ring gauge, thereby measuring the distance between the maximum end of the conical surface and the shoulder. However, this method requires removing the spindle from the machine tool. If the gap is found to be too long or too short after measurement, it needs to be reinstalled on the machine tool for machining, which may cause errors due to the second clamping. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To reduce the error in measuring the distance between the largest end of the cone and the shoulder, this application provides a device and method for measuring the length of the large end of the spindle outer cone.

[0006] The spindle external taper large end length measuring device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A spindle external taper large end length measuring device, having a semi-circular structure, is mounted on the spindle and includes: The straight hole section is shorter than the length of the straight section of the spindle. During measurement, the inner wall of the straight hole section is completely in contact with the outer wall of the spindle. The inclined cone section is connected to one side of the straight hole section, and the angle between the inner wall of the inclined cone section and the straight hole section is an obtuse angle. During measurement, the inner cone surface of the inclined cone section is completely in contact with the outer cone surface of the spindle.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when testing is required, the straight hole section and the inclined taper section are first installed on the outer tapered surface of the spindle. Then, the entire measuring device is pushed so that the inner tapered surface of the inclined taper section is completely in contact with the outer tapered surface of the spindle, thus enabling accurate measurement. The distance from the end of the inclined taper section to the straight hole section is then measured using gauge blocks, and the data is compared. If the data is not within the range, the spindle is calibrated. This method does not require removing the spindle from the machine tool, avoiding errors caused by reinstalling it on the machine tool for processing when the gap is found to be too long or too short after measurement.

[0008] Optionally, the length of the straight hole section is 8-12mm, and the length of the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section is 2-3mm shorter than the length of the outer conical surface of the spindle.

[0009] The purpose of selecting a length of 8-12mm by adopting the above technical solution is to make it easy to add the actual length of the spindle to the length of the straight hole section after measuring the actual length with gauge blocks. This sum is equal to the actual distance from the large end of the spindle to the shoulder, which is convenient to compare with the preferred range value and to conclude whether the spindle is standard. The length of the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section is set to be 2-3mm shorter than the length of the outer conical surface of the spindle, so as to facilitate observation of whether the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section is completely in contact with the spindle. If the same length is set, it is not convenient to observe from the outside.

[0010] Optionally, the surface roughness of the inner wall of the straight hole section and the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section is 0.3-0.5.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the test is performed, both the straight hole section and the tapered section will come into contact with the spindle. When the test device is pushed, friction needs to be generated between them and the outer surface of the spindle. During the friction process, if the surface roughness of the straight hole section and the tapered section is too large, it will scratch the surface of the spindle to be tested and affect the surface finish of the spindle. If the surface roughness of the straight hole section and the tapered section is too small, it may be difficult to position.

[0012] Optionally, the perpendicularity of the inner conical surface of the inclined conical segment is set to 0.002-0.004.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the perpendicularity of the inner conical surface of the inclined cone section is limited, thereby ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the measurement data of each inner conical surface of the inclined cone section when measuring the gap with gauge blocks. This reduces the measurement error of the inclined cone section at different positions and ensures the accuracy of the measurement.

[0014] Optionally, the straight hole section and the tapered section are configured as straight hole sections and tapered sections of GCr15 steel.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the material for the straight hole section and the inclined tapered section is selected as forged bearing steel GCr15, so that the material achieves a stable metallographic structure after forging and tempering, thereby preventing deformation during use. In addition, the surface is heat-treated with C55, which can improve the hardness of the inner surface and increase wear resistance.

[0016] Optional steps include: S1. Install the measuring device: Place the measuring device on the machined outer tapered surface of the spindle; S2. Fix the measuring device: Slowly advance it toward the large end of the spindle until the inclined cone section is completely in contact with the outer cone surface of the spindle; S3. Measurement: Use gauge blocks to measure the clearance between the measuring device and the spindle shoulder in a fully fixed state; S4. Comparison data; S5. Calibrate the spindle. When the data is not within the standard range, the spindle needs to be calibrated.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when testing is required, the measuring device is first installed on the outer conical surface of the spindle, and then the measuring device is pushed so that the inner conical surface of the measuring device is completely in contact with the outer conical surface of the spindle, thereby performing accurate measurement. Then, by measuring the gauge block and adding the distance of the straight hole section, the data is compared. When the data is not within the range, the spindle is calibrated.

[0018] Optionally, the measuring device is placed on the machined outer conical surface of the spindle, including the steps of: fitting the straight hole section against the outer surface of the spindle, at which point the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section is not fitted against the outer conical surface of the spindle.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the measuring device needs to be measured, the straight hole section is fitted with the outer side of the spindle so that the length of the straight hole section is equivalent to the position of the straight section on the outer side of the spindle. Then, the outer cone surface of the inclined cone surface needs to be fitted with the outer cone surface of the spindle. However, before the test, in order to facilitate positioning, before the test device is installed, the inner cone surface of the inclined cone section needs to be not fitted with the outer cone surface of the spindle.

[0020] Optionally, after fixing the measuring device, it is necessary to check whether the measuring device is completely fixed, including the following steps: slowly advance along the large end of the spindle until the measuring device can no longer move. At this time, the straight hole section has transitioned to the vicinity of the spindle shoulder.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, in order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data, the measuring device needs to be completely fixed. Before measurement, the position of the measuring device needs to be checked. When the measuring device is pushed with force, but the position of the measuring device cannot be changed further, it means that the measuring device has been completely installed.

[0022] Optional, data comparison includes the following steps: comparing the sum of the measured data from the gauge block and the length of the straight hole with the data required by the spindle design to determine whether it is within the standard range and whether it is a suitable size.

[0023] After measurement, the data needs to be compared. The data measured by the gauge block is added to the length of the straight hole section to obtain the distance between the large end of the spindle and the spindle shoulder. This data is then compared with the spindle design requirements to see if it is within the range of the spindle design requirements. If it is within the range, it is qualified; if it is not within the range, it needs to be adjusted.

[0024] Optionally, when the data is not within the standard range, the spindle needs to be calibrated, including the following steps: if the data value is greater than the design requirement, the spindle needs to be ground forward a corresponding distance; if the data value is less than the design requirement, the spindle shoulder needs to be ground forward a corresponding distance until the measured dimension meets the design requirement.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the measured data exceeds the design requirements, the spindle is shortened to reduce the distance of the straight section of the spindle, thereby reducing the total measured distance; when the measured data is lower than the data, the spindle shoulder is shortened to increase the distance between the large end of the spindle and the spindle shoulder.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting up a straight hole section and an inclined taper section, when inspection is required, the straight hole section and the inclined taper section are first installed on the outer tapered surface of the spindle. Then, the entire measuring device is pushed so that the inner tapered surface of the inclined taper section is completely in contact with the outer tapered surface of the spindle, thus enabling accurate measurement. The distance from the end of the inclined taper section to the straight hole section is measured using gauge blocks, and the data is compared. If the data is not within the range, the spindle is calibrated. This method does not require removing the spindle from the machine tool, avoiding the error caused by reinstalling it on the machine tool for processing when the clearance is found to be too long or too short after measurement. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the measuring device in this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the measuring device in this application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the measuring device after installation in this application.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the measuring device after installation in this application.

[0030] Figure 5This is a flowchart of the method for measuring the device in this application.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Main spindle; 2. Straight hole section; 3. Inclined tapered section; 4. Shoulder; 5. Large end. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0033] This application discloses a device for measuring the length of the large end of the spindle outer cone.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 3 A device for measuring the length of the large end of the outer taper of a spindle includes a straight hole section 2 with a semi-circular structure and an inclined taper section 3 connected to one end of the straight hole section 2. Both the straight hole section 2 and the inclined taper section 3 can be engaged on a spindle 1. The length of the straight hole section 2 is set to be less than the length of the straight section of the spindle 1. When measuring, the inner wall of the straight hole section 2 is completely in contact with the outer wall of the spindle 1, and the inner taper surface of the inclined taper section 3 is completely in contact with the outer taper surface of the spindle 1. The included angle between the inner wall of the inclined taper section 3 and the straight hole section 2 is an obtuse angle.

[0035] When testing is required, first install the straight hole section 2 and the inclined taper section 3 on the outer tapered surface of the spindle 1, then push the entire measuring device so that the inner tapered surface of the inclined taper section 3 is fully in contact with the outer tapered surface of the spindle 1, thus enabling accurate measurement. Then, measure the distance from the end of the inclined taper section 3 to the straight hole section 2 using gauge blocks, and compare the data. If the data is not within the range, then calibrate the spindle 1. This method does not require removing the spindle 1 from the machine tool, avoiding errors caused by reinstalling it on the machine tool for processing when the gap is found to be too long or too short after measurement.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 The length of the straight hole section 2 is set to 8-12mm. In this application, a length of 10mm is used as an example. It is preferable to set the length of the straight hole section 2 to be an integer to facilitate the subsequent vertical comparison. The length of the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section 3 is 2-3mm shorter than the length of the outer conical surface of the spindle 1. In this application, an example is set where the length of the inner conical surface is 2mm shorter than the length of the outer conical surface of the spindle 1.

[0037] The purpose of selecting a length of 10mm for the straight hole section 2 is to make it easy to add the actual length of the straight hole section 2 to the actual distance from the large end 5 of the spindle 1 to the shoulder 4 after measuring the actual length with gauge blocks. This makes it easy to compare with the preferred range value and conclude whether the spindle 1 is standard. The length of the inner conical surface of the inclined tapered section 3 is set to be 2-3mm shorter than the length of the outer conical surface of the spindle 1, so as to make it easy to observe whether the inner conical surface of the inclined tapered section 3 is completely in contact with the spindle 1. If the lengths are the same, it is not convenient to observe from the outside.

[0038] The surface roughness of the inner wall of the straight hole section 2 and the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section 3 is 0.3-0.5. The schematic diagram in this application uses a surface roughness of 0.4 as an example. Furthermore, the straight hole section 2 and the inclined conical section 3 are made of GCr15 steel.

[0039] The straight hole section 2 and the inclined tapered section 3 are made of forged bearing steel GCr15. This allows the material to achieve a stable metallographic structure after forging and tempering, preventing deformation during use. Furthermore, the surface is heat-treated with C55, which increases the hardness of the inner surface and enhances wear resistance. During testing, both the straight hole section 2 and the inclined tapered section 3 abut against the spindle 1. When the testing device is pushed, friction is generated between them and the outer surface of the spindle 1. If the surface roughness of the straight hole section 2 and the inclined tapered section 3 is too high, it will scratch the surface of the spindle 1, affecting its surface finish. If the surface roughness of the straight hole section 2 and the inclined tapered section 3 is too low, positioning may be difficult.

[0040] The perpendicularity of the inner conical surface of the inclined cone segment 3 is set to 0.002-0.004. In this embodiment, a perpendicularity of 0.002 is used as an example for explanation. Limiting the perpendicularity of the inner conical surface of the inclined cone segment 3 ensures consistent accuracy of measurement data for each inner conical surface of the inclined cone segment 3 when measuring gaps using gauge blocks, thereby reducing measurement errors at different positions of the inclined cone segment 3 and ensuring measurement precision.

[0041] The implementation principle of the spindle outer cone large end length measuring device in this application embodiment is as follows: When testing is required, the straight hole section 2 and the inclined cone section 3 are first installed on the outer cone surface of the spindle 1, and then the measuring device as a whole is pushed so that the inner cone surface of the inclined cone section 3 is completely in contact with the outer cone surface of the spindle 1, thereby enabling accurate measurement. Then, the distance from the end of the inclined cone section 3 to the straight hole section 2 is measured by gauge blocks, and the data is compared. When the data is not within the range, the spindle 1 is calibrated. This method does not require removing the spindle 1 from the machine tool, avoiding the error caused by reinstalling it on the machine tool for processing when the gap is found to be too long or too short after measurement.

[0042] This application also discloses a method for using a spindle external taper large end length measuring device.

[0043] Reference Figures 3-5 A method for using a spindle external taper large end length measuring device includes the following steps: S1. Install the measuring device: Place the measuring device on the outer conical surface of the machined spindle 1, and align the straight hole section 2 with the outer side of the spindle 1. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section 3 is not aligned with the outer conical surface of the spindle 1. When the measuring device needs to be used for measurement, the straight hole section 2 is fitted with the outer side of the spindle 1 so that the length of the straight hole section 2 is equivalent to the position of the straight section on the outer side of the spindle 1. Later, the outer conical surface of the inclined cone needs to be fitted with the outer conical surface of the spindle 1. However, before the test, in order to facilitate positioning, the inner conical surface of the inclined cone section 3 needs to be not fitted with the outer conical surface of the spindle 1 before the test device is installed.

[0044] S2. Fix the measuring device: Slowly advance the device towards the large end 5 of the spindle 1 until the tapered section 3 is fully in contact with the outer tapered surface of the spindle 1. When it is visually confirmed that the device is fully in contact, it is necessary to check whether the measuring device is completely fixed. Specifically, slowly advance the device along the large end 5 of the spindle 1 until the measuring device can no longer move. At this time, the straight hole section 2 has transitioned to the vicinity of the shoulder 4 of the spindle 1. To ensure the accuracy of the measurement data, the measuring device needs to be completely fixed. Before measurement, the position of the measuring device needs to be checked. When the measuring device is pushed forcefully but its position cannot be changed further, it means that the measuring device has been completely installed.

[0045] S3. Measurement: Use gauge blocks to measure the clearance between the measuring device and the shoulder 4 of spindle 1 in a fully fixed state; S4. Compare the data: Compare the sum of the measured data of the gauge block and the length of the straight hole section 2 with the data required by the design of the spindle 1 to determine whether it is within the standard range and whether it is a suitable size; After measurement, the data needs to be compared. The data measured by the gauge block is added to the length of the straight hole section 2 to obtain the distance between the large end 5 of the spindle 1 and the shoulder 4 of the spindle 1. This data is then compared with the design requirements of the spindle 1 to see if it is within the design requirements. If it is within the range, it is qualified; if it is not within the range, it needs to be adjusted.

[0046] S5. Calibrate Spindle 1: When the data is not within the standard range, spindle 1 needs to be calibrated. Specifically, if the data value is greater than the design requirement, spindle 1 needs to be ground forward a corresponding distance; if the data value is less than the design requirement, the shoulder 4 of spindle 1 needs to be ground forward a corresponding distance until the measured dimension meets the design requirement.

[0047] When the measured data exceeds the design requirements, the spindle 1 is ground shorter to reduce the distance of the straight section of the spindle 1, thereby reducing the total measured distance; when the measured data is lower than the data, the shoulder 4 of the spindle 1 is ground shorter to increase the distance between the large end 5 of the spindle 1 and the shoulder 4 of the spindle 1.

[0048] The implementation principle of the method for measuring the length of the large end of the outer cone of a spindle according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: When testing is required, the measuring device is first installed on the outer cone surface of the spindle 1, and then the measuring device is pushed so that the inner cone surface of the measuring device is completely in contact with the outer cone surface of the spindle 1, thereby performing accurate measurement. Then, by measuring the gauge block and adding the distance of the straight hole section 2, the data is compared. When the data is not within the range, the spindle 1 is calibrated.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the length of the large end of the spindle outer cone, characterized in that: This method uses a spindle outer cone large end length measuring device, which is a semi-circular structure and is mounted on the spindle (1), including: The straight hole section (2) is shorter than the length of the straight section of the main shaft (1). During measurement, the inner wall of the straight hole section (2) is completely in contact with the outer wall of the main shaft (1). The inclined cone section (3) is connected to one side of the straight hole section (2), and the angle between the inner wall of the inclined cone section (3) and the straight hole section (2) is an obtuse angle. During measurement, it is slowly pushed towards the large end (5) of the main shaft (1) until the inner cone surface of the inclined cone section (3) is completely in contact with the outer cone surface of the main shaft (1). The method includes the following steps: S1. Install the measuring device: Place the measuring device on the outer conical surface of the machined spindle (1); S2, Fix the measuring device: Slowly advance it towards the large end (5) of the main shaft (1) until the oblique cone section (3) is completely in contact with the outer cone surface of the main shaft (1); S3. Measurement: Use gauge blocks to measure the clearance between the measuring device and the spindle (1) shoulder (4) in a fully fixed state. S4. Comparison data; S5. Calibrate the spindle (1). When the data is not within the standard range, the spindle (1) needs to be calibrated. The measuring device is placed on the outer conical surface of the machined spindle (1), including the following steps: the straight hole section (2) is fitted with the outer side of the spindle (1), at which time the inner conical surface of the inclined conical section (3) is not fitted with the outer conical surface of the spindle (1); After fixing the measuring device, it is necessary to check whether the measuring device is completely fixed, including the following steps: slowly advance along the large end (5) of the spindle (1) until the measuring device can no longer move. At this time, the straight hole section (2) has transitioned to the vicinity of the shoulder (4) of the spindle (1); The comparison data includes the following steps: comparing the sum of the data measured by the gauge block and the length of the straight hole section (2) with the data required by the design of the spindle (1) to determine whether it is within the standard range and whether it is a suitable size; When the data is not within the standard range, the spindle (1) needs to be calibrated, including the following steps: if the data value is greater than the design requirements, the spindle (1) needs to be ground forward by the corresponding distance; if the data value is less than the design requirements, the spindle (1) shoulder (4) needs to be ground forward by the corresponding distance until the measured dimensions meet the design requirements.

2. The measurement method of the spindle outer cone large end length measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight hole section (2) is set to a length of 8-12mm, and the length of the inner cone surface of the oblique cone section (3) is 2-3mm shorter than the length of the outer cone surface of the main shaft (1).

3. The measurement method of the spindle outer cone large end length measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface roughness of the inner wall of the straight hole section (2) and the inner cone surface of the inclined cone section (3) is 0.3-0.

5.

4. The measurement method of the spindle outer cone large end length measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The perpendicularity of the inner cone surface of the oblique cone segment (3) is set to 0.002-0.

004.

5. The measurement method of the spindle outer tapered large end length measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The straight hole section (2) and the oblique tapered section (3) are configured as the straight hole section (2) and the oblique tapered section (3) of GCr15 steel.

Images