Deep-sea track de-adhesion system and method combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration

Abstract

This invention discloses a deep-sea track desliming system and method that combines carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration. It includes a gas supply unit, a pressure regulating unit, a refrigeration cycle unit, a wireless temperature sensor, a supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit, a jetting device, and a control unit. The gas supply unit is connected to the refrigeration cycle unit via a relay storage tank and the pressure regulating unit. The refrigeration cycle unit includes a second pipe and, sequentially, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser mounted on the second pipe. The evaporator is mounted on the mining car's underframe, and the mining car's drive shaft passes through the evaporator housing. The wireless temperature sensor is mounted on the track. The jetting device sprays supercritical carbon dioxide onto the track surface. This invention utilizes carbon dioxide as a cooling medium for heat exchange, creating a smooth ice surface on the track, reducing seabed sediment adhesion. The supercritical carbon dioxide jets and removes silt from the track, maintaining the mining car's mobility and preventing slippage or sinking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep-sea mining equipment technology, specifically to a deep-sea track de-adhesion system and method that combines carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-sea mining vehicles are mining equipment operating at depths of approximately 5,000 meters. Connected to a surface support vessel via an umbilical cable, the vehicle moves across the seabed using tracks on either side of its underside. During movement, the vehicle's collection head collects polymetallic nodules. The seabed surface is typically covered with a thick layer of sediment. Because deep-sea sediments are relatively soft, the tracks compact this soft sediment, causing it to easily adhere to the outer surface of the tracks and fill the spaces between the track teeth. This soil adhesion worsens over time, eventually resulting in the entire space between the tracks being covered in soft sediment. This soil adhesion reduces the effective height of the track teeth, making it difficult for the mechanical vibrations and currents to remove the silt from the track surface. Once the silt reaches a certain thickness, the deep-sea mining vehicle may slip and become stuck, making rescue in the deep-sea environment extremely difficult. Therefore, existing technologies urgently need further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, one objective of this invention is to propose a deep-sea track desliming system that combines carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration. This system solves the problem that when deep-sea mining vehicles travel, silt adheres to their tracks and accumulates to a certain thickness, causing the vehicles to slip and become stuck in the silt, making it difficult to rescue them in the deep-sea environment.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A deep-sea track de-adhesion system that combines carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration includes a gas supply equipment, a relay storage tank, a pressure regulating unit, a refrigeration cycle unit, a wireless temperature sensor, a supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit, a jet device, and a control unit. The gas supply equipment is installed on a surface support vessel, and the relay storage tank is installed at the rear of the mining vehicle and connected to the gas supply equipment through a gas transport pipeline.

[0006] The pressure regulating unit includes a first pipeline, a pressure reducing device, and a carbon dioxide temporary storage tank. The inlet of the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank is connected to the outlet of the relay storage tank through the first pipeline. The pressure reducing device is installed on the first pipeline and is connected in communication with the control unit. After being depressurized, the carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank from the relay storage tank.

[0007] The refrigeration cycle unit includes a second pipe and an expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser arranged sequentially on the second pipe. One end of the second pipe is connected to the outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank. The evaporator is installed on the underframe of the mining car. The drive shaft of the mining car passes through the outer shell of the evaporator. The coil of the evaporator is arranged around the periphery of the drive shaft. The condenser is located on the top of the mining car. The second pipe is also equipped with a return pipe.

[0008] There are multiple wireless temperature sensors, which are embedded in each track plate of the mining vehicle. Each wireless temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0009] The supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit includes a third pipe, one end of which is connected to the other end of the second pipe, and the other end is connected to the jetting device. A temperature control device, a fifth one-way control valve, and a pressurization device are sequentially installed on the third pipe. The low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide entering the third pipe becomes supercritical carbon dioxide after being heated and pressurized.

[0010] The jet device includes a jet main pipe and four jet branch pipes. One end of each jet branch pipe is connected to the other end of the third pipe through the jet main pipe, and the other end is equipped with a high-pressure nozzle. The four high-pressure nozzles are directed toward the surface of the upper part of the mining vehicle track and jet supercritical carbon dioxide onto the surface of the mining vehicle track.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure reduction device includes a pressure reduction pump and a first pressure sensor connected in series on the first pipeline. The pressure reduction pump is located between the first pressure sensor and the outlet of the relay storage tank. The signal terminals of the first pressure sensor and the pressure reduction pump are respectively connected to the control unit for communication.

[0012] The first pipeline is also equipped with a first one-way control valve, which is located between the first pressure sensor and the inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank.

[0013] Furthermore, a second one-way control valve is also provided on the second pipeline, which is located between the expansion valve and the outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank.

[0014] Both ends of the reflux pipe are connected to the second pipe. One end of the reflux pipe is located between the condenser and the supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit, and the other end is located between the expansion valve and the second one-way control valve. A third one-way control valve is provided on the reflux pipe. In the working state, the third one-way control valve forms a one-way circulation loop with the expansion valve, evaporator, compressor and condenser.

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature control device includes a heater and a first temperature sensor sequentially arranged on the third pipe. The heater is a tubular electric heater, which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the third pipe and heats the liquid carbon dioxide passing through it.

[0016] A fourth one-way control valve is also installed on the third pipeline. The fourth one-way control valve is located between the heater and the refrigeration cycle unit. The heater is located between the fourth one-way control valve and the first temperature sensor. The signal terminals of the heater and the first temperature sensor are respectively connected to the control unit for communication.

[0017] Furthermore, the booster device includes a booster pump and a second pressure sensor sequentially arranged on the third pipeline. The booster pump is located between the second pressure sensor and the fifth one-way control valve. The signal terminals of the booster pump and the second pressure sensor are respectively connected to the control unit for communication.

[0018] Furthermore, a tee is provided on the third pipeline. The inlet of the tee is connected to the other end of the third pipeline, one outlet of the tee is connected to the collection head of the mining vehicle, and the other outlet is connected to one end of the jet main pipe.

[0019] The other end of the main jet pipe is connected to one end of each of the four jet branches via a splitter. Each jet branch is equipped with a pressure regulating valve, and the signal terminals of each pressure regulating valve are connected to the control unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the four jet branch pipes and high-pressure nozzles are all located between the two tracks of the mining vehicle. Two of the jet branch pipes are arranged at the front and rear ends of the left side of the mining vehicle chassis, and the other two jet branch pipes are arranged at the front and rear ends of the right side of the mining vehicle chassis.

[0021] The outlets of the high-pressure nozzles are directed toward the outer surface of the upper part of the track on the same side of the mining vehicle, washing away the sediments adhering to the track surface.

[0022] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for removing adhesive residue from the tracks of mining vehicles.

[0023] A method for de-adhesion on mining vehicle tracks, employing the aforementioned deep-sea track de-adhesion system that combines carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration, includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Gaseous carbon dioxide is prepared on the surface support mother ship. The prepared gaseous carbon dioxide is pumped to the relay storage tank through the gas source transportation pipeline. After the gaseous carbon dioxide reaches the bottom of the deep sea, it becomes liquid carbon dioxide under pressure. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the relay storage tank.

[0025] S2. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide enters the first pipeline from the relay storage tank. After passing through the pressure reduction device, the pressure of the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is reduced to between 3.8MPa and 7.38MPa, and then enters the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank, where the liquid carbon dioxide is stored.

[0026] S3. Liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank enters the second pipeline and enters the evaporator through the expansion valve. The expansion valve controls the flow rate of liquid carbon dioxide into the evaporator. Inside the evaporator, the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into low-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide, which absorbs heat. The evaporator cools the underframe and drive shaft of the mining vehicle and conducts the heat to the tracks. The temperature of the tracks decreases and is kept below -2°C. The surface of the tracks is cooled and forms a thin layer of ice.

[0027] Low-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed by the compressor into high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide. After the high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is condensed and releases heat, it becomes liquid carbon dioxide. The liquid carbon dioxide then enters the third pipe.

[0028] S4. The liquid carbon dioxide in the third pipe is heated and pressurized in sequence to become supercritical carbon dioxide. The supercritical carbon dioxide enters the main jet pipe and then enters the four jet branch pipes respectively. The supercritical carbon dioxide is then sprayed outward through the high-pressure nozzles at the ends of the jet branch pipes.

[0029] The two high-pressure nozzles at the rear wash the surface of the track, washing away or loosening the silt. As the track moves from back to front, the attached silt is further loosened, and the two high-pressure nozzles at the front wash the track surface again to remove the remaining silt.

[0030] Furthermore, in S3, the pressure value of the high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide after being compressed by the compressor is ≤7.38MPa, and the wireless temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the track in real time and sends the data to the control unit.

[0031] In S4, the temperature of the heated liquid carbon dioxide is ≥31.1℃. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the heated liquid carbon dioxide in real time. After being pressurized, the pressure of the heated liquid carbon dioxide is ≥7.5Mpa.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows: This invention delivers carbon dioxide to the seabed mining vehicle and uses it as a cooling medium for heat exchange, cooling the tracks of the deep-sea mining vehicle and maintaining them at a low temperature. A smooth ice surface forms on the track surface, which reduces the adhesion between sediment and the track, lowers the resistance to the track, and improves the movement performance of the mining vehicle. Supercritical carbon dioxide washes away the silt on the track, and combined with the vibration of the track and the turbulence of the seawater during the movement of the mining vehicle, the silt on the track surface is dislodged. The low temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide helps maintain the low temperature of the track surface, preserving the maneuverability of the mining vehicle and preventing slippage or sinking. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the deep-sea track de-adhesion system of the present invention, which combines carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a part of the present invention, showing a supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another part of the invention, showing the refrigeration cycle unit.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the wireless temperature sensor of the present invention on the track.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a method for removing adhesive residue from the tracks of a mining vehicle according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0039] Example 1, combined with Figures 1 to 4 A deep-sea track de-adhesion system combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration includes a gas supply device 11, a relay storage tank 13, a pressure regulating unit 2, a refrigeration cycle unit 3, a wireless temperature sensor 51, a supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit 6, a jet device, and a control unit. The gas supply device 11 is installed on the surface support vessel 1, and the relay storage tank 13 is installed at the rear of the mining vehicle and connected to the gas supply device 11 through a gas transport pipeline 12. The gas supply device 11 adopts existing gas supply equipment and can prepare and store gaseous carbon dioxide on the surface support vessel 1 to provide carbon dioxide for the deep-sea mining vehicle.

[0040] The gas supply equipment 11 pumps gaseous carbon dioxide to the gas transport pipeline 12. Upon reaching the deep sea at a depth of approximately 4000 meters, the gaseous carbon dioxide transforms into liquid carbon dioxide at a pressure of approximately 40 MPa and an ambient temperature of 0°C to 3°C. The liquid carbon dioxide is then stored in a relay storage tank 13 located on the deep-sea mining vehicle for future use. The control unit includes a controller, which utilizes a PLC controller, a technology already available in the market.

[0041] The pressure regulating unit 2 includes a first pipeline 21, a pressure reducing device 22, and a carbon dioxide temporary storage tank 24. The inlet of the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank 24 is connected to the outlet of the relay storage tank 13 through the first pipeline 21. The pressure reducing device 22 is installed on the first pipeline 21 and is connected to the control unit. After the pressure is reduced, the relay storage tank 13 enters the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank 24 for temporary storage.

[0042] The pressure reduction device 22 includes a pressure reduction pump 221 and a first pressure sensor 222 connected in series on the first pipeline 21. The pressure reduction pump 221 is located between the first pressure sensor 222 and the outlet of the relay storage tank 13. The signal terminals of the first pressure sensor 222 and the pressure reduction pump 221 are respectively connected to the controller for communication.

[0043] A first one-way control valve 23 is also provided on the first pipeline 21. The first one-way control valve 23 is located between the first pressure sensor 222 and the inlet of the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank 24. The high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide in the relay storage tank 13 enters the first pipeline 21 and becomes liquid carbon dioxide with a pressure of 3.8MPa-7.38MPa after passing through the pressure reducing device 22. The first pressure sensor 222 monitors the pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide in the first pipeline 21 in real time after passing through the pressure reducing pump 221 and sends the monitoring data to the controller. The controller controls and adjusts the working state of the pressure reducing pump 221 through commands. The depressurized liquid carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank 24 through the first one-way control valve 23.

[0044] The refrigeration cycle unit 3 includes a second pipe 36 and an expansion valve 31, an evaporator 32, a compressor 33, and a condenser 34 arranged sequentially on the second pipe 36. One end of the second pipe 36 is connected to the outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank 24. The evaporator 32 is mounted on the underframe 4 of the mining car. The drive shaft of the mining car passes through the outer shell of the evaporator 32. The coil of the evaporator 32 is arranged around the drive shaft. The condenser 34 is located on the top of the mining car. A second one-way control valve 25 is also provided on the second pipe 36. The second one-way control valve 25 is located between the expansion valve 31 and the outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank 24.

[0045] The second pipe 36 is also equipped with a return pipe 35, both ends of which are connected to the second pipe 36. One end of the return pipe 35 is located between the condenser 34 and the supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit 6, and the other end is located between the expansion valve 31 and the second one-way control valve 25. A third one-way control valve 351 is provided on the return pipe 35. In operation, the third one-way control valve 351, the expansion valve 31, the evaporator 32, the compressor 33, and the condenser 34 form a one-way circulation loop. A portion of the liquid carbon dioxide coming out of the condenser 34 is recycled again through the return pipe 35 and the expansion valve 31, while the other portion of the liquid carbon dioxide enters the supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit 6 to be prepared into supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0046] After depressurization, the liquid carbon dioxide enters the second pipe 36. The flow rate of the liquid carbon dioxide into the evaporator 32 is controlled by the expansion valve 31. The liquid carbon dioxide is converted into gaseous carbon dioxide in the evaporator 32. The evaporator 32 evaporates the liquid carbon dioxide into gas, absorbing heat and reducing the temperature of the chassis 4 and drive shaft of the mining vehicle. Utilizing the thermal conductivity of metal, the heat is transferred in sequence to the drive wheel 41, guide wheel 42, load-bearing wheel 43 and track 5, reducing the temperature of track 5 to -4℃ to -2℃. The low temperature causes a thin layer of ice to form on the outer surface of the track.

[0047] Multiple wireless temperature sensors 51 are embedded in each track plate of the mining vehicle track 5. Each wireless temperature sensor 51 is connected to the control unit. The wireless temperature sensor 51 monitors the temperature of the track 5 in real time and transmits the monitoring data to the controller. The controller controls the operation of the refrigeration cycle unit through instructions.

[0048] The supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit 6 includes a third pipe 64, one end of which is connected to the other end of the second pipe 36, and the other end is connected to the jetting device. A temperature control device 61, a fifth one-way control valve 62, and a pressurization device 63 are sequentially installed on the third pipe 64. The low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide entering the third pipe 64 becomes supercritical carbon dioxide after being heated and pressurized.

[0049] The temperature control device 61 includes a heater 611 and a first temperature sensor 612 sequentially arranged on the third pipe 64. The heater 611 is a tubular electric heater 611, which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the third pipe 64 and heats the liquid carbon dioxide passing through it.

[0050] A fourth one-way control valve 7 is also provided on the third pipe 64. The fourth one-way control valve 7 is located between the heater 611 and the refrigeration cycle unit 3. The heater 611 is located between the fourth one-way control valve 7 and the first temperature sensor 612. The signal terminals of the heater 611 and the first temperature sensor 612 are respectively connected to the control unit for communication.

[0051] The booster device 63 includes a booster pump 631 and a second pressure sensor 632 sequentially arranged on the third pipeline 64. The booster pump 631 is located between the second pressure sensor 632 and the fifth one-way control valve 62. The signal terminals of the booster pump 631 and the second pressure sensor 632 are respectively connected to the control unit for communication.

[0052] Another portion of the liquid carbon dioxide from the condenser 34 enters the third pipe 64. After being heated and pressurized in the third pipe 64, it becomes supercritical carbon dioxide. Supercritical carbon dioxide has the characteristics of low viscosity, high flow rate and low temperature. A portion of the supercritical carbon dioxide enters the collection head 8 of the deep-sea mining vehicle. The water jet collects polymetallic nodules on the seabed. The supercritical carbon dioxide used for water jet collection combines with seawater to form carbon dioxide hydrates, which fall to the seabed, realizing deep-sea carbon sequestration.

[0053] The jetting device includes a jetting main pipe 91 and four jetting branch pipes. One end of each jetting branch pipe is connected to the other end of the third pipe 64 through the jetting main pipe, and the other end is equipped with a high-pressure nozzle 9. The four high-pressure nozzles 9 are directed toward the surface of the upper part of the mining vehicle track 5 and jet supercritical carbon dioxide onto the surface of the mining vehicle track 5.

[0054] The third pipe 64 is equipped with a tee pipe. The inlet of the tee pipe is connected to the other end of the third pipe 64. One outlet of the tee pipe is connected to the collection head 8 of the mining vehicle, and the other outlet is connected to one end of the main jet pipe. The other end of the main jet pipe 91 is connected to one end of four jet branch pipes through a distributor. Each jet branch pipe is equipped with a pressure regulating valve, and the signal terminal of each pressure regulating valve is connected to the control unit for communication.

[0055] Specifically, the four jet branch pipes and the high-pressure nozzle 9 are located between the two tracks 5 of the mining vehicle. Two of the jet branch pipes are arranged at the front and rear ends on the left side of the mining vehicle chassis 4, and the other two jet branch pipes are arranged at the front and rear ends on the right side of the mining vehicle chassis 4.

[0056] The high-pressure nozzles exit towards the outer surface of the upper part of the track 5 on the same side of the mining vehicle, washing away the sediment adhering to the surface of the track 5. Another portion of supercritical carbon dioxide continuously enters the main jet pipe 91 and four jet branch pipes, and is jetted onto the surface of the track 5 through the high-pressure nozzles 9, washing away the silt adhering to the surface of the track 5. Combined with the vibration of the track and the disturbance of the water flow during the movement of the mining vehicle, the silt is detached from the track. At the same time, the supercritical carbon dioxide combines with seawater to form carbon dioxide hydrate and settles to the seabed, achieving carbon sequestration. The low temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide can keep the surface of the track 5 ice-like, and the jetting makes it easier for the silt to detach, greatly reducing the adhesion of sediment to the track during the movement of the deep-sea mining vehicle, maintaining the maneuverability of the mining vehicle, and preventing slippage or sinking.

[0057] Example 2, combined with Figures 1 to 5 A method for de-adhesion on mining vehicle tracks, employing the aforementioned deep-sea track de-adhesion system that combines carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration, includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. Gaseous carbon dioxide is prepared on the surface support mother ship. The prepared gaseous carbon dioxide is pumped to the relay storage tank 13 through the gas source transportation pipeline 12 for storage. After the gaseous carbon dioxide reaches the bottom of the deep sea, it becomes liquid carbon dioxide under pressure. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the relay storage tank 13.

[0059] S2. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide enters the first pipeline 21 from the relay storage tank 13. After passing through the pressure reduction device 22, the pressure of the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is reduced to between 3.8MPa and 7.38MPa, and then enters the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank 24, where the liquid carbon dioxide is stored.

[0060] S3. Liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank 24 enters the second pipe 36 and enters the evaporator 32 through the expansion valve 31. The expansion valve 31 controls the flow rate of liquid carbon dioxide into the evaporator 32. The liquid carbon dioxide is converted into low-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide inside the evaporator 32, absorbing heat. The evaporator 32 cools the underframe 4 and drive shaft of the mining vehicle and conducts the heat to the track 5. The temperature of the track 5 decreases and is kept below -2℃. The surface of the track 5 is cooled and forms a thin layer of ice.

[0061] Low-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed by compressor 33 into high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide. After the high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is condensed by condenser 34 and releases heat, it becomes liquid carbon dioxide. The liquid carbon dioxide enters the third pipe 64.

[0062] In S3, the pressure value of the high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide after being compressed by the compressor 33 is ≤7.38MPa. The wireless temperature sensor 51 monitors the temperature of the track 5 in real time and sends the data to the control unit.

[0063] The liquid carbon dioxide in S4 and the third pipe 64 is heated and pressurized in sequence to become supercritical carbon dioxide. The supercritical carbon dioxide enters the main jet pipe and then enters the four jet branch pipes respectively. The supercritical carbon dioxide is then sprayed outward through the high-pressure nozzles at the ends of the jet branch pipes.

[0064] The temperature of the heated liquid carbon dioxide is ≥31.1℃. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the heated liquid carbon dioxide in real time. After being pressurized, the pressure of the heated liquid carbon dioxide is ≥7.5Mpa.

[0065] The two high-pressure nozzles on the rear side wash the surface of the rear end of track 5, washing away or loosening the silt. As track 5 moves from back to front, the attached silt is further loosened, and the two high-pressure nozzles on the front side wash the surface of track 5 again to remove the remaining silt on track 5.

[0066] For any parts not mentioned in this invention, existing technologies can be used or referenced.

[0067] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0068] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0069] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea track de-adhesion system combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration, characterized in that, It includes a gas supply equipment, a relay storage tank, a pressure regulating unit, a refrigeration cycle unit, a wireless temperature sensor, a supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit, a jet device, and a control unit. The gas supply equipment is installed on the water surface support mother ship, and the relay storage tank is installed at the rear of the mining vehicle and connected to the gas supply equipment through a gas transportation pipeline. The pressure regulating unit includes a first pipeline, a pressure reducing device, and a carbon dioxide temporary storage tank. The inlet of the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank is connected to the outlet of the relay storage tank through the first pipeline. The pressure reducing device is installed on the first pipeline and is connected in communication with the control unit. After the pressure is reduced, the carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank. The refrigeration cycle unit includes a second pipe and an expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser arranged sequentially on the second pipe. One end of the second pipe is connected to the outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank. The evaporator is installed on the underframe of the mining car. The drive shaft of the mining car passes through the outer shell of the evaporator. The coil of the evaporator is arranged around the drive shaft. The condenser is located on the top of the mining car. The second pipe is also equipped with a return pipe. There are multiple wireless temperature sensors, which are embedded in each track plate of the mining vehicle. Each wireless temperature sensor is connected to the control unit. The supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit includes a third pipe, one end of which is connected to the other end of the second pipe and the other end is connected to the jet device. A temperature control device, a fifth one-way control valve and a pressurization device are sequentially installed on the third pipe. The low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide entering the third pipe becomes supercritical carbon dioxide after being heated and pressurized. The jet device includes a jet main pipe and four jet branch pipes. One end of each jet branch pipe is connected to the other end of the third pipe through the jet main pipe, and the other end is equipped with a high-pressure nozzle. The four high-pressure nozzles are directed toward the surface of the upper part of the mining vehicle track and jet supercritical carbon dioxide onto the surface of the mining vehicle track.

2. The deep-sea track de-adhesion system combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure reduction device includes a pressure reduction pump and a first pressure sensor connected in series on the first pipeline. The pressure reduction pump is located between the first pressure sensor and the outlet of the relay storage tank. The signal terminals of the first pressure sensor and the pressure reduction pump are respectively connected to the control unit for communication. The first pipeline is also equipped with a first one-way control valve, which is located between the first pressure sensor and the inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank.

3. The deep-sea track de-adhesion system combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second pipeline is also equipped with a second one-way control valve, which is located between the expansion valve and the outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank. Both ends of the reflux pipe are connected to the second pipe. One end of the reflux pipe is located between the condenser and the supercritical carbon dioxide preparation unit, and the other end is located between the expansion valve and the second one-way control valve. A third one-way control valve is provided on the reflux pipe. In the working state, the third one-way control valve forms a one-way circulation loop with the expansion valve, evaporator, compressor and condenser.

4. The deep-sea track de-adhesion system combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature control device includes a heater and a first temperature sensor arranged sequentially on the third pipe. The heater is a tubular electric heater, which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the third pipe and heats the liquid carbon dioxide passing through it. A fourth one-way control valve is also installed on the third pipeline. The fourth one-way control valve is located between the heater and the refrigeration cycle unit. The heater is located between the fourth one-way control valve and the first temperature sensor. The signal terminals of the heater and the first temperature sensor are respectively connected to the control unit for communication.

5. The deep-sea track de-adhesion system combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The booster device includes a booster pump and a second pressure sensor sequentially arranged on the third pipeline. The booster pump is located between the second pressure sensor and the fifth one-way control valve. The signal terminals of the booster pump and the second pressure sensor are respectively connected to the control unit for communication.

6. The deep-sea track de-adhesion system combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third pipe is equipped with a tee pipe. The inlet of the tee pipe is connected to the other end of the third pipe. One outlet of the tee pipe is connected to the collection head of the mining vehicle, and the other outlet is connected to one end of the jet main pipe. The other end of the main jet pipe is connected to one end of each of the four jet branches via a splitter. Each jet branch is equipped with a pressure regulating valve, and the signal terminals of each pressure regulating valve are connected to the control unit.

7. The deep-sea track de-adhesion system combining carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four jet branch pipes and high-pressure nozzles are located between the two tracks of the mining vehicle. Two of the jet branch pipes are arranged at the front and rear ends of the left side of the mining vehicle chassis, and the other two jet branch pipes are arranged at the front and rear ends of the right side of the mining vehicle chassis. The outlets of the high-pressure nozzles are directed toward the outer surface of the upper part of the track on the same side of the mining vehicle, washing away the sediments adhering to the track surface.

8. A method for removing adhesive residue from the tracks of a mining vehicle, characterized in that, The deep-sea track de-adhesion system, which combines carbon dioxide refrigeration and carbon sequestration as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprises the following steps: S1. Gaseous carbon dioxide is prepared on the surface support mother ship. The prepared gaseous carbon dioxide is pumped to the relay storage tank through the gas source transportation pipeline. After the gaseous carbon dioxide reaches the bottom of the deep sea, it becomes liquid carbon dioxide under pressure. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the relay storage tank. S2. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide enters the first pipeline from the relay storage tank. After passing through the pressure reduction device, the pressure of the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is reduced to between 3.8MPa and 7.38MPa. Then it enters the carbon dioxide temporary storage tank, where the liquid carbon dioxide is stored. S3. Liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank enters the second pipeline and enters the evaporator through the expansion valve. The expansion valve controls the flow rate of liquid carbon dioxide into the evaporator. Inside the evaporator, the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into low-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide, which absorbs heat. The evaporator cools the underframe and drive shaft of the mining vehicle and conducts the heat to the tracks. The temperature of the tracks decreases and is kept below -2℃. The surface of the tracks is cooled and forms a thin layer of ice. Low-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed by the compressor into high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide. After the high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide releases heat through the condenser, it becomes liquid carbon dioxide, which then enters the third pipe. S4. The liquid carbon dioxide in the third pipe is heated and pressurized in sequence to become supercritical carbon dioxide. The supercritical carbon dioxide enters the main jet pipe and then enters the four jet branch pipes respectively. The supercritical carbon dioxide is then sprayed outward through the high-pressure nozzles at the ends of the jet branch pipes. The two high-pressure nozzles at the rear wash the surface of the track, washing away or loosening the silt. As the track moves from back to front, the attached silt is further loosened, and the two high-pressure nozzles at the front wash the track surface again to remove the remaining silt.

9. A method for removing adhesive residue from mining vehicle tracks according to claim 8, characterized in that, In S3, the pressure value of the high-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide after being compressed by the compressor is ≤7.38MPa. The wireless temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the track in real time and sends the data to the control unit. In S4, the temperature of the heated liquid carbon dioxide is ≥31.1℃. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the heated liquid carbon dioxide in real time. After being pressurized, the pressure of the heated liquid carbon dioxide is ≥7.5Mpa.

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