Aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of thermal insulation materials, and particularly to an aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board and its preparation method. By weight, the raw materials include 200-500 parts aggregate, 40-120 parts modified polystyrene particles, 40-80 parts flame retardant, 80-150 parts water, 1-2 parts polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 1-2 parts tackifier, 1-2 parts quick-setting agent, 1-2 parts composite reinforcing agent, 2-10 parts air-entraining agent, 10-30 parts first binder, and 5-10 parts first aerogel powder. The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board prepared by this invention has good thermal insulation performance, good mechanical properties, achieves flame retardant performance of grade A, and has extremely low volume water absorption, making it suitable for widespread use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal insulation materials, and in particular to an aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards in my country, the requirements for the flame retardant performance of building materials have gradually increased in recent years. The flame retardant performance of building insulation materials plays an important role in fire prevention, especially in high-rise buildings. Currently, the insulation boards used in China are mainly divided into two categories: inorganic insulation materials and organic insulation materials. Inorganic materials, such as glass wool and rock wool, have good fire resistance, reaching Class A. However, the production process of these materials is energy-intensive, they have high thermal conductivity, poor insulation performance, and high water absorption. Organic materials, such as polystyrene insulation boards and polyurethane insulation boards, have superior thermal insulation performance and are lightweight, but their fire resistance is relatively poor. Only with the addition of flame retardants or graphite modification can most organic insulation boards achieve a Class B flame retardant rating. To meet market demand, it is necessary to find an insulation material that combines good thermal insulation performance and flame retardant performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing insulation board manufacturing processes, this invention provides an aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board. By weight, the raw materials include 200-500 parts aggregate, 40-120 parts modified polystyrene particles, 40-80 parts flame retardant, 80-150 parts water, 1-2 parts polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 1-2 parts tackifier, 1-2 parts quick-setting agent, 1-2 parts composite reinforcing agent, 2-10 parts air-entraining agent, 10-30 parts first adhesive, and 5-10 parts first aerogel powder.

[0004] Furthermore, the aggregate is two or more of the following: inorganic cementitious materials, glass microspheres, second aerogel powder, and fumed silica.

[0005] Preferably, the inorganic cementing material is one or more of gypsum, silicate cement, and special high-strength ultrafine cement.

[0006] Preferably, the first aerogel powder and the second aerogel powder are one or more of SiO2 aerogel powder, Al2O3 aerogel powder, TiO2 aerogel powder, ZrO aerogel powder, SiC aerogel powder and carbon aerogel powder.

[0007] Preferably, the glass microspheres have a particle size of 1-5 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the particle size of the aerogel powder is 10-800 μm.

[0009] Preferably, the particle size of the gaseous silicon is 10-800 nm.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of inorganic cementitious material, glass microspheres, aerogel powder and silica in the aggregate is (5-8):(0.2-3):(0.2-3):(0.2-2).

[0011] By mixing various aggregates in specific proportions, nanoscale materials fill the gaps between micrometer-scale materials, and micrometer-scale materials fill the gaps between millimeter-scale materials, thereby improving the density of the product.

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified polystyrene particles is as follows: the polystyrene particles are subjected to surface pretreatment, and after the pretreatment is completed, the polystyrene particles, the second adhesive, and water glass are mechanically stirred and mixed evenly, and finally dried with hot air to obtain modified polystyrene particles.

[0013] Preferably, the second adhesive is an organic adhesive and the water glass is an inorganic adhesive. By combining the organic and inorganic adhesives, the surface of the polystyrene particles is modified, thereby improving the uniformity of the flame retardant coating on the polystyrene surface.

[0014] Preferably, the polystyrene particles are one or more of pure polystyrene particles, aerogel composite polystyrene particles, and graphite composite polystyrene particles.

[0015] Preferably, the surface pretreatment is performed by etching with acid or alkali.

[0016] Preferably, the acid or base is a 0.5 mol / L-2 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution or a 5%-8% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution.

[0017] Preferably, the pretreatment involves soaking at room temperature for 60-120 minutes.

[0018] Preferably, the second adhesive comprises polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxyketone, and azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0019] Preferably, the mass ratio of polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxy ketone and azobisisobutyronitrile in the second adhesive is 50:50:(10-25):(2-6):(0.5-1).

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polystyrene particles, the second adhesive, and the water glass is (3-8):(1-5):(1-5).

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of different particle sizes of the polystyrene particles is 3-5mm:2-4mm:1-2mm:0.5-1mm = (2-3):(4-5):(1-2):(1-2).

[0022] Under certain proportions, polystyrene particles of different sizes can fill the gaps between large particles with small particles, thereby improving the density of the product.

[0023] Furthermore, the flame retardant includes two or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide.

[0024] Preferably, the mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide in the flame retardant is (5-8):(0.5-2):(0.2-2):(0.2-2):(0.2-2):(0.2-2).

[0025] Furthermore, the thickener is one or more of bauxite, bentonite, and silicate.

[0026] Furthermore, the quick-setting agent is one or more of bauxite, sodium carbonate, and quicklime.

[0027] Furthermore, the composite reinforcing agent includes diethylene glycol, syrup, and triethanolamine.

[0028] Preferably, the mass ratio of diethylene glycol, syrup and triethanolamine in the composite reinforcing agent is (6-7):(3-4):(0.5-2).

[0029] Furthermore, the air-entraining agent is one or more of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, polyalkylaryl sulfonate, and foam; wherein the foam is prepared by a foaming agent.

[0030] Preferably, the foam is prepared by diluting the foaming agent 100 times with water and then mechanically foaming it to obtain foam; the foaming agent is a plant-based cement foaming agent or an animal-based cement foaming agent.

[0031] Furthermore, the first adhesive comprises polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxyketone, and azobisisobutyronitrile;

[0032] Preferably, the mass ratio of polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxy ketone and azobisisobutyronitrile in the first adhesive is 50:50:(10-25):(2-6):(0.5-1).

[0033] The photocurable resin is mainly composed of three parts: photoactive prepolymer, reactive diluent, and photoinitiator. A photosensitizer can also be added as a catalyst for the photocuring reaction. In the first adhesive of the present invention, the polyurethane methacrylate resin and epoxy acrylate resin are photoactive prepolymers, allyl glycidyl ether is a reactive diluent, sulfonyloxy ketone is a photoinitiator, and azobisisobutyronitrile is a photosensitizer. The first adhesive forms a chemical crosslinking reaction under light of a specific wavelength.

[0034] This invention also provides a method for preparing an aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Take aggregate, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, thickener, quick-setting agent, composite reinforcing agent, flame retardant and air-entraining agent, stir and mix well, add water and continue stirring to form slurry;

[0036] S2. Add modified polystyrene particles to the slurry, stir and mix well, then add the first aerogel powder and the first binder, and continue stirring until the above materials are evenly coated on the surface of the modified polystyrene particles to obtain preproduct A.

[0037] S3. Transfer the pre-product A obtained in S2 into the mold, flatten the upper surface, reduce the thickness of the pre-product A by 40%-60%, adjust the mold temperature to 40-80℃, heat and compress to form the pre-product B.

[0038] S4. The preproduct B obtained in S3 is irradiated under ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 395-400nm for 15-60s, dried at 60-100℃ for 24-72h, and then air-dried under natural conditions to mature, thereby obtaining the aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board.

[0039] Under ultraviolet light, the sample is irradiated with a specific wavelength to cause the first adhesive to undergo a chemical cross-linking reaction, thus achieving pre-curing.

[0040] Preferably, the UV LED lamp has a power of 400-1000W and an illuminance of 120-150Mw / cm². 2 The wavelength range is 395-400nm.

[0041] Furthermore, the mechanical stirring described in step S1 forms a slurry, with a stirring speed of 500-2000 r / min and a stirring time of 5-30 min;

[0042] Furthermore, in step S2, the stirring speed is 500-2000 r / min, and the stirring time is 5-60 min.

[0043] It should be noted that the thickness of preproduct A in step S3 refers to the size of the preproduct in the vertical plane.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, the preparation method of aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board provided by this invention has simple steps, high production efficiency, and low cost, making it suitable for industrial production. By modifying the surface of polystyrene particles, the flame retardant is more evenly coated on the surface of the polystyrene particles, and the bonding between the flame retardant and the reinforcing additives and cementing materials is tighter. By controlling the particle size distribution of polystyrene particles and limiting the particle size of aerogel powder, silica, and glass microspheres, the gaps between polystyrene particles are filled, further reducing the thermal conductivity of the product. The non-combustible board prepared by this method has good thermal insulation performance, strong flame retardancy, and excellent compressive and flexural strength, making it suitable for widespread use. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] This invention provides an aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board, which, by weight, comprises 200-500 parts of aggregate, 40-120 parts of modified polystyrene particles, 40-80 parts of flame retardant, 80-150 parts of water, 1-2 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 1-2 parts of tackifier, 1-2 parts of quick-setting agent, 1-2 parts of composite reinforcing agent, 2-10 parts of air-entraining agent, 10-30 parts of first adhesive, and 5-10 parts of first aerogel powder.

[0047] The preparation method of modified polystyrene particles is as follows: the polystyrene particles are subjected to surface pretreatment, and after the pretreatment is completed, the polystyrene particles, the second binder, and water glass are mechanically stirred and mixed evenly, and finally dried with hot air to obtain modified polystyrene particles.

[0048] This invention also provides an example of a method for preparing an aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1. Take aggregate, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, thickener, quick-setting agent, composite reinforcing agent, flame retardant, air-entraining agent and water, and stir and mix them at a speed of 500-2000 r / min to form a slurry;

[0050] S2. Add modified polystyrene particles to the slurry A, stir and mix at a speed of 500-2000 r / min, then add the first aerogel powder and the first binder, and continue stirring until the above materials are evenly coated on the surface of the modified polystyrene particles to obtain preproduct A.

[0051] S3. Transfer the pre-product A obtained in S2 into a steel mold, flatten the upper surface, press it down from a height of 1m to 0.4-0.6m, adjust the mold temperature to 40-80℃, heat and compress to form pre-product B.

[0052] S4. The preproduct B obtained in S3 is irradiated under a UV LED lamp at a wavelength of 395nm for 15-60s, placed in a drying oven at 60-100℃ for 24-72h, and then air-dried under natural conditions to mature, thereby obtaining the aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board.

[0053] The present invention provides the raw material composition of the following embodiments, as shown in Table 1:

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] In Example 1, the aggregate comprises: 266 parts silicate cement, 100 parts glass microspheres, 67 parts SiO2 aerogel powder, and 67 parts aerosilicone; the flame retardant is a mixture of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide in a mass ratio of 5:1:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.5; the tackifier is bauxite; the quick-setting agent is sodium carbonate; the composite reinforcing agent is a mixture of diethylene glycol, syrup, and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 7:4:2; the air-entraining agent is foam produced by a plant-based cement foaming agent; the first binder is a mixture of polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxyketone, and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of 50:50:25:6:1; and the first aerogel powder is SiO2 aerogel powder.

[0058] In Example 2, the aggregate comprises: 175.5 parts silicate cement, 3.5 parts glass microspheres, 17.5 parts Al2O3 aerogel powder, and 3.5 parts aerosilicone; the flame retardant is a mixture of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide in a mass ratio of 8:2:2:2:2:2; the tackifier is bentonite; the quick-setting agent is quicklime; the composite reinforcing agent is a mixture of diethylene glycol, syrup, and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 6:3:0.5; the air-entraining agent is sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate; the first binder is a mixture of polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxyketone, and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of 50:50:10:2:0.5; and the first aerogel powder is Al2O3 aerogel powder.

[0059] In Example 3, the aggregate includes 227.5 parts silicate cement, 52.5 parts glass microspheres, 35 parts Al2O3 aerogel powder, and 35 parts silicate; the flame retardant is a mixture of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide in a mass ratio of 6:1:1:1:1:1; the tackifier is silicate; the quick-setting agent is bauxite; the composite reinforcing agent is a mixture of diethylene glycol, syrup, and triethanolamine in a mass ratio of 6.5:3.5:1; the air-entraining agent is polyalkyl aryl sulfonate; the first binder is a mixture of polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxyketone, and azobisisobutyronitrile in a mass ratio of 50:50:17:4:0.7; and the first aerogel powder is SiC aerogel powder.

[0060] In Examples 1-3, the particle size of the glass microspheres in the aggregate is 1-5 mm, the particle size of the aerogel powder is 10-800 μm, and the particle size of the silica is 10-800 nm.

[0061] This invention also provides a preparation method for the above embodiments:

[0062] Example 1

[0063] (1) Preparation of modified polystyrene particles:

[0064] S11. Surface pretreatment: Soak polystyrene particles in an 8 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 60 min, then wash the surface of the polystyrene particles with distilled water to remove the sodium hydroxide solution, and dry the particles at 60°C after washing.

[0065] S12. After pretreatment, the polystyrene particles, the second binder, and water glass are mixed in a mass ratio of 8:5:5 and mechanically stirred at a stirring speed of 500 r / min for 10 min. Finally, the mixture is dried with hot air at 80℃ to obtain modified polystyrene particles.

[0066] The mass ratio of polystyrene particles of different sizes is: 3-5mm:2-4mm:1-2mm:0.5-1mm = 3:5:2:2; the composition of the second adhesive is the same as that of the first adhesive;

[0067] (2) Preparation of aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board:

[0068] S21. Take aggregate, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, thickener, quick-setting agent, composite reinforcing agent, flame retardant and air-entraining agent, stir and mix well, add water and continue stirring at a stirring speed of 2000 r / min to form a slurry.

[0069] S22. Add modified polystyrene particles to the slurry A, stir and mix at a speed of 2000 r / min, then add the first aerogel powder and the first binder, and continue stirring until the above materials are uniformly coated on the surface of the modified polystyrene particles to obtain preproduct A.

[0070] S23. Transfer the pre-product A obtained in S2 into a steel mold, flatten the upper surface, press it down from a height of 1m to 0.4m, adjust the mold temperature to 40℃, heat and compress to form pre-product B.

[0071] S24. The preproduct B obtained in S3 is irradiated with a UV LED lamp at a wavelength of 395nm for 15s, placed in a drying oven at 60℃ for 72h, and then air-dried under natural conditions to mature, thereby obtaining the aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] (1) Preparation of modified polystyrene particles:

[0074] S11. Surface pretreatment: Immerse the aerogel-modified polystyrene particles in a 5 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 120 min, then wash the sodium hydroxide solution off the surface of the aerogel-modified polystyrene particles with distilled water, and dry the moisture at 60℃ after washing.

[0075] S12. After pretreatment, the aerogel-modified polystyrene particles, the second binder, and water glass are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1:1 and mechanically stirred at a stirring speed of 1000 r / min for 5 min. Finally, the mixture is dried with hot air at 80℃ to obtain modified polystyrene particles.

[0076] The mass ratio of polystyrene particles of different sizes is: 3-5mm:2-4mm:1-2mm:0.5-1mm = 2:4:1:1; the composition of the second adhesive is the same as that of the first adhesive;

[0077] (2) Preparation of aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board:

[0078] S21. Take aggregate, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, thickener, quick-setting agent, composite reinforcing agent, flame retardant and air-entraining agent, stir and mix well, add water and continue stirring at a stirring speed of 500 r / min to form a slurry.

[0079] S22. Add modified polystyrene particles to the slurry A, stir and mix at a speed of 500 r / min, then add the first aerogel powder and the first binder, and continue stirring until the above materials are uniformly coated on the surface of the modified polystyrene particles to obtain preproduct A.

[0080] S23. Transfer the preproduct A obtained in S2 into a steel mold, flatten the upper surface, press it down from a height of 1m to 0.5m, adjust the mold temperature to 60℃, heat and compress to form preproduct B.

[0081] S24. The preproduct B obtained in S3 is irradiated under a UV LED lamp at a wavelength of 395nm for 60s, placed in a drying oven at 100℃ for 24h, and then air-dried under natural conditions to mature, thereby obtaining the aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] (1) Preparation of modified polystyrene particles:

[0084] S11. Surface pretreatment: Immerse the graphite-modified polystyrene particles in a 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution for 60 min, then wash the surface of the graphite-modified polystyrene particles with distilled water to remove the hydrochloric acid solution. After washing, dry the particles at 60°C.

[0085] S12. After pretreatment, the graphite-modified polystyrene particles, the second binder, and water glass are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:3, mechanically stirred at a stirring speed of 800 r / min for 7 min, and finally dried with hot air at 80℃ to obtain modified polystyrene particles.

[0086] The mass ratio of polystyrene particles of different sizes is: 3-5mm:2-4mm:1-2mm:0.5-1mm = 2:4:1:1; the composition of the second adhesive is the same as that of the first adhesive;

[0087] (2) Preparation of aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board:

[0088] S21. Take aggregate, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, thickener, quick-setting agent, composite reinforcing agent, flame retardant and air-entraining agent, stir and mix well, add water and continue stirring at a stirring speed of 1500 r / min to form a slurry.

[0089] S22. Add modified polystyrene particles to the slurry A, stir and mix at a speed of 1500 r / min, then add the first aerogel powder and the first binder, and continue stirring until the above materials are uniformly coated on the surface of the modified polystyrene particles to obtain preproduct A.

[0090] S23. Transfer the preproduct A obtained in S2 into a steel mold, flatten the upper surface, press it down from a height of 1m to 0.6m, adjust the mold temperature to 80℃, heat and compress to form preproduct B.

[0091] S24. The preproduct B obtained in S3 is irradiated under a UV LED lamp at a wavelength of 395nm for 35s, placed in a drying oven at 80℃ for 48h, and then air-dried under natural conditions to mature, thereby obtaining the aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] Unlike Example 1, the flame retardant is a mixture of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide in a mass ratio of 3:4:3:3:3:3. All other raw materials and processes are the same as in Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 2

[0095] Unlike Example 1, the epoxy acrylate resin in the first adhesive and the second adhesive is replaced with polyurethane methacrylate resin in equal amounts, while the other raw materials and processes are the same as in Example 1.

[0096] Comparative Example 3

[0097] Unlike Example 1, the first adhesive and the second adhesive were replaced with polyvinyl acetate in equal amounts, while the other raw materials and processes were the same as in Example 1.

[0098] Comparative Example 4

[0099] Unlike Example 1, in step S12, water glass is replaced with an equal amount of the second adhesive, while other raw materials and processes are the same as in Example 1.

[0100] Comparative Example 5

[0101] Unlike Example 1, the modified polystyrene particles in step S22 are replaced with unmodified polystyrene particles of equal mass, while the other raw materials and processes are the same as in Example 1.

[0102] The flame retardancy, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, tensile strength, and volumetric water absorption of the aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible boards prepared in the test examples and comparative examples were evaluated. The flame retardancy was tested using a calorimeter, and the flame retardancy of the samples was determined according to the national standard GB / T 14402. The thermal conductivity was measured using a thermal conductivity meter and the heat flow meter method, with the temperature difference between the cold and hot plates not exceeding 30°C. The compressive and tensile strengths were tested using a universal testing machine. The volumetric water absorption was tested and calculated according to the test method in the national standard GB / T 5486. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0103] Table 1

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from the test data of Examples 1-3 in Table 1, the aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board provided by the present invention has good thermal insulation performance, good mechanical properties, flame retardant performance of A, and extremely low volume water absorption rate.

[0106] The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board prepared in Comparative Example 1 had poor flame retardant performance and did not achieve the expected Class A flame retardant effect because the ratio of composite flame retardant was not the optimal ratio.

[0107] The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board prepared in Comparative Example 2 showed a certain degree of decrease in mechanical properties because only polyurethane methacrylic resin was added to the photoactive prepolymer in the first adhesive. This was because the addition of epoxy acrylate resin could improve the tensile properties of polyurethane methacrylic resin.

[0108] The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board prepared in Comparative Example 3 has a slow curing speed, low production efficiency, low energy utilization rate, and high energy consumption during the production process because the first and second adhesives were replaced with polyvinyl acetate by equal mass.

[0109] The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board prepared in Comparative Example 4 had a poor modification effect on pure polystyrene particles due to the replacement of inorganic binders such as water glass with a second binder. During the sample preparation process, the flame retardant did not coat the surface of the modified polystyrene particles evenly, resulting in a decrease in the flame retardant performance of the sample and an increase in the thermal conductivity.

[0110] The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board prepared in Comparative Example 5 had poor uniformity of flame retardant coating on the surface of modified polystyrene particles due to the use of unmodified pure polystyrene particles, resulting in reduced flame retardant performance and increased thermal conductivity.

[0111] It should be noted that the specific parameters or some commonly used reagents in the above embodiments are specific or preferred embodiments under the concept of the present invention, and not limitations thereof; those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments within the concept and protection scope of the present invention.

[0112] In addition, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used may be commercially available products in the field or prepared by conventional methods in the field.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board, characterized in that: By weight, the raw materials include 200-500 parts of aggregate, 40-120 parts of modified polystyrene granules, 40-80 parts of flame retardant, 80-150 parts of water, 1-2 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 1-2 parts of tackifier, 1-2 parts of quick-setting agent, 1-2 parts of composite reinforcing agent, 2-10 parts of air-entraining agent, 10-30 parts of first binder, and 5-10 parts of first aerogel powder; The aggregate comprises inorganic cementitious materials, glass microspheres, second aerogel powder, and aerosilicone in a mass ratio of (5-8):(0.2-3):(0.2-3):(0.2-2). The flame retardant comprises magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide in a mass ratio of (5-8):(0.5-2):(0.2-2):(0.2-2):(0.2-2):(0.2-2); The first adhesive comprises polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxyketone and azobisisobutyronitrile; The modified polystyrene particles are prepared by surface pretreatment of polystyrene particles, followed by mechanical stirring and uniform mixing with a second binder and water glass, and finally hot air drying. The polystyrene particles are one or more of pure polystyrene particles, aerogel composite polystyrene particles, and graphite composite polystyrene particles. The surface pretreatment involves acid or alkali etching. The second binder is an organic binder, including polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxyketone, and azobisisobutyronitrile. The mass ratio of the polystyrene particles, the second binder, and the water glass is (3-8):(1-5):(1-5).

2. The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic cementitious material is one or more of gypsum, silicate cement, and special high-strength ultrafine cement; The second aerogel powder is one or more of SiO2 aerogel powder, Al2O3 aerogel powder, TiO2 aerogel powder, ZrO aerogel powder, SiC aerogel powder and carbon aerogel powder; The glass microspheres have a particle size of 1-5 mm; The particle size of the gaseous silicon is 10-800 nm.

3. The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of different particle sizes of the polystyrene particles is 3-5mm: 2-4mm: 1-2mm: 0.5-1mm = (2-3): (4-5): (1-2): (1-2).

4. The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickener is one or more of bauxite, bentonite, and silicate.

5. The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-setting agent is one or more of bauxite, sodium carbonate, and quicklime.

6. The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite reinforcing agent includes diethylene glycol, syrup, and triethanolamine; The mass ratio of diethylene glycol, syrup, and triethanolamine in the composite reinforcing agent is (6-7):(3-4):(0.5-2).

7. The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-entraining agent is one or more of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, polyalkylaryl sulfonate, and foam; wherein the foam is prepared by a foaming agent.

8. The aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of polyurethane methacrylate resin, epoxy acrylate resin, allyl glycidyl ether, sulfonyl oxy ketone and azobisisobutyronitrile in the first adhesive is 50:50:(10-25):(2-6):(0.5-1).

9. A method for preparing an aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Take aggregate, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, thickener, quick-setting agent, composite reinforcing agent, flame retardant and air-entraining agent, stir and mix well, add water and continue stirring to form slurry; S2. Add modified polystyrene particles to the slurry, stir and mix well, then add the first aerogel powder and the first binder, and stir until the above materials are evenly coated on the surface of the modified polystyrene particles to obtain preproduct A. S3. Transfer the pre-product A obtained in S2 into the mold, flatten the upper surface, reduce the thickness of the pre-product A by 40%-60%, adjust the mold temperature to 40-80℃, heat and compress to form the pre-product B. S4. The preproduct B obtained in S3 is irradiated under ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 395-400nm for 15-60s, dried at 60-100℃ for 24-72h, and then air-dried under natural conditions to mature, thereby obtaining the aerogel composite expandable polystyrene non-combustible board.

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