A flexible, breathable, moisture-permeable satin fabric bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a flexible, breathable and moisture-permeable satin fabric bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of bulletproof vest manufacturing, and aims to solve the technical problem that a bulletproof layer is difficult to balance bulletproofness and flexibility and comfort. The method comprises the following steps: (1) seed liquid is used to dip a satin fabric, and then rolling and baking are performed to grow a seed layer on the surface of the satin fabric; (2) the satin fabric with the seed layer grown in step (1) is immersed in a growth solution to perform heat treatment reaction, and after the reaction is completed, the satin fabric is taken out and dried to obtain a satin fabric with nanowires grown; and (3) the satin fabric with the nanowires grown is stacked and placed and edge sealing and wrapping are performed to obtain a flexible, breathable and moisture-permeable satin fabric bulletproof layer. The bulletproof layer has high comfort, on the basis of bulletproofness, the product has excellent flexibility, reduces the compression of a human body when wearing, has certain breathability and moisture permeability, and can guarantee the heat and moisture balance of the human body when wearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of bulletproof vest manufacturing, and particularly relates to a flexible, breathable and moisture-permeable satin fabric bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Bulletproof vests are the most in-demand type of bulletproof equipment. They absorb and dissipate the energy of bullet impacts, preventing bullets from penetrating the body and protecting lives. With continuous technological advancements, especially in polymer chemistry and textile science, rigid bulletproof layers such as metal plates are gradually being replaced by flexible fabric bulletproof layers made from high-performance fibers. Compared to rigid bulletproof layers, flexible fabric bulletproof layers not only provide ballistic protection but are also more comfortable to wear, lighter, and allow for the development of more concealed bulletproof products, such as concealed bulletproof jackets and bulletproof handbags. The flexibility and comfort of bulletproof materials not only better meet human needs but also improve the wearer's mobility and flexibility, further reducing the risk of injury. Currently, the mainstream flexible bulletproof layers are made of materials such as UD fabric combined with resin. However, the flexibility decreases significantly after multiple layers are stacked. Furthermore, their breathability and moisture permeability are poor, which is detrimental to the body's thermal and humid environment.

[0003] The ballistic performance of a bulletproof layer is primarily assessed in two aspects: firstly, whether it penetrates the bullet, representing its resistance to penetration; and secondly, the back convexity depth (BFS) caused by the bullet impact without penetration, representing the layer's resistance to blunt force trauma. A smaller BFS indicates better resistance to blunt force trauma. If a bullet penetrates the bulletproof layer, it will cause direct and serious injury to the human body. If the BFS is too large, blunt force trauma can also endanger human life and health. Therefore, the design and development of bulletproof layers should carefully consider both aspects, minimizing the BFS as much as possible without penetration.

[0004] According to my country's GA 141-2010 standard for police bulletproof vests, Level 2 bulletproof vests require testing under conditions of a 1954-type 7.62mm pistol, a 5.6g bullet, and a firing velocity of 445±10mm / s. This standard emphasizes the penetration resistance and blunt force trauma reduction capabilities of the bulletproof layer. Bulletproof layers are typically achieved through multiple layers to meet protection requirements. Additionally, patent publication number CN110846894A discloses a method for improving the performance of stab-resistant fabrics, which enhances the impact resistance of aramid plain-weave fabrics with minimal weight gain through nanowires. However, due to the numerous interlacing points in plain-weave fabrics, the flexibility of the bulletproof layer is significantly reduced.

[0005] Satin fabric is a common flexible material in daily life, but due to its few interlacing points, long floats, and loose structure, it is prone to "window breakage" when used as a bulletproof layer, failing to achieve good protective performance. Even when satin fabric is used in bulletproof materials, it comes at the cost of sacrificing its flexibility, breathability, and moisture permeability, making it only suitable for composite materials reinforced with fibers. For example, patent publication number CN113354920A discloses a high-temperature resistant epoxy aramid fiber insulation layer and molded part, which enhances the ballistic resistance of satin fabric through epoxy resin impregnation. However, the presence of resin is highly detrimental to the flexibility, breathability, and moisture permeability of the satin fabric. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical challenge of balancing bulletproof properties with flexibility and comfort in bulletproof layers, this invention proposes a flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin fabric bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology and its preparation method. Specifically, it involves growing metal oxide nanowires on satin fabric, which minimizes the impact on the fabric's inherent flexibility, breathability, and moisture permeability, ultimately achieving the goal of developing a soft, breathable, and moisture-permeable bulletproof layer.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] A method for preparing a flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-weave fabric bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) After impregnating the satin fabric with seed solution, it is rolled and baked to grow a seed layer on the surface of the satin fabric;

[0010] Specifically, a pre-cut piece of satin fabric is placed in a suitably sized stainless steel container. Seed solution is poured into the container along the edge and used to cover the original fabric. Due to the large size of the fabric, after soaking for a certain time (10-30 minutes), it is rolled on a fabric post-processing machine, and then soaked again for a certain time. After completing two dips and two rolls, fabrics of different densities are heat-treated for different times in an oven at 150℃ to ensure the adhesion between the different nanoparticle seed layers and the surface of the satin fabric. After nanoparticle deposition, a thin, shape-preserving, polycrystalline zinc oxide seed layer is formed on the surface of the fiber.

[0011] (2) The satin fabric with seed layer grown in step (1) is immersed in the growth solution for heat treatment reaction. After the reaction is completed, the satin fabric is taken out and dried to obtain the satin fabric with nanowires grown.

[0012] Specifically, place the satin fabric with the seed layer growing inside a stainless steel container, then place the pre-prepared growth solution into the stainless steel box and immerse it in the fabric surface. Then, gently press it repeatedly with your hands. Next, place the box in an oven for a certain period of time, and finally take it out and place it in a dark place to dry.

[0013] Preferably, each 40 cm × 40 cm piece of satin fabric requires 600-1000 ml of growth solution.

[0014] (3) The satin fabric with nanowires grown is stacked and sealed with waterproof and light-blocking cloth to obtain a flexible, breathable and moisture-permeable satin fabric bulletproof layer.

[0015] Preferably, the number of layers of the satin fabric stacked is 30-55.

[0016] The seed solution is prepared by mixing sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with anhydrous ethanol to obtain sodium hydroxide ethanol solution; mixing zinc salt aqueous solution with anhydrous ethanol to obtain zinc salt ethanol solution; and mixing sodium hydroxide ethanol solution and zinc salt ethanol solution to obtain seed solution.

[0017] Preferably, the solubility of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 0.4-0.8 g / L, the solubility of the zinc salt aqueous solution is 2-3 g / L, the ratio of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to anhydrous ethanol is 1:(5-10), the ratio of zinc salt aqueous solution to anhydrous ethanol is 1:(1-5), and the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide ethanol solution to the zinc salt ethanol solution is (1-10):1.

[0018] Preferably, the growth solution is prepared by dissolving zinc salt, ammonia and polyethyleneimine in water to obtain the growth solution; the concentrations of each component in the growth solution are: zinc salt 10-70 mmol / L, polyethyleneimine 2-14 mmol / L, and ammonia 0.1-2 mol / L.

[0019] Preferably, the zinc salt is anhydrous zinc acetate.

[0020] Preferably, the baking temperature is 100-180℃ and the baking time is 5-20 min; the heat treatment reaction temperature is 75-85℃ and the time is 3-5 h.

[0021] Preferably, the density of the satin fabric is (8-13)×(8-13) threads / cm, and the number of weave repeats of the satin structure is 5, 8, or 11.

[0022] Preferably, the fibers in the satin fabric are any one of aramid fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, or poly(p-phenylenebenzodioxazole) fibers (PBO).

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By growing metal oxide nanowires on satin fabric, the nanowires not only do not increase the weight of the fabric or affect its flexibility, but also increase the friction between the yarns of the satin fabric, thereby increasing the frictional energy dissipation of the satin fabric during bullet impact, making the fabric more difficult to deform, and improving the ballistic performance and blunt force trauma resistance of the satin fabric. Its blunt force trauma resistance (BFS) can reach 24.3mm. At the same time, it utilizes the characteristics of the numerous and long floats and loose structure of satin fabric, which makes it more comfortable than plain weave fabric. While possessing elasticity resistance, the product has excellent flexibility, reducing the pressure on the body when wearing it, and has a certain degree of breathability and moisture permeability, which can maintain the body's thermal and moisture balance when wearing it. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 Here are schematic diagrams and display diagrams of the inclined plane method for flexibility testing; (a) is a schematic diagram of the inclined plane method for flexibility testing; (b) is a display diagram of the flexibility of the bulletproof layer sample prepared in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 2 The images show the morphology of satin fabrics with nanowires grown on them; (a) a satin fabric with a density of 8×8 threads / cm; (b) a satin fabric with a density of 11×11 threads / cm; and (c) a satin fabric with a density of 13×13 threads / cm.

[0027] Figure 3 Electron micrographs of satin fabrics with nanowires grown on them; (a) Example 1; (b) Example 2; (c) Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Reagents and instruments required for preparing seed culture: anhydrous ethanol (mass fraction ≥99.7%), anhydrous zinc acetate (analytical grade), sodium hydroxide (analytical grade), electronic constant temperature water bath (XMTD-4000), and heat-collecting constant temperature magnetic stirrer (DF-101S).

[0030] The instruments used for seed layer cultivation are an electric heating drying oven (GHG-9240A) and a rolling mill (P-A0).

[0031] The reagents required to prepare the growth medium are: ammonia (analytical grade), polyacetylimide (MW600, 99%), and anhydrous zinc acetate (analytical grade).

[0032] The instrument used for nanowire growth is an electrically heated drying oven (GHG-9240A).

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-textured bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology is prepared by the following steps:

[0035] (1) Take five 3-weft satin fabrics with a density of 8×8 threads / cm. The satin fabric is woven from para-aramid filaments with a linear density of 93.3 tex. Cut them into 40 cm×40 cm pieces and store them away from light. Prepare the seed solution. First, prepare a 0.4 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and a 2.3 g / L anhydrous zinc acetate solution in a volumetric flask. Then, mix the sodium hydroxide solution and the anhydrous zinc acetate solution with anhydrous ethanol at ratios of 1:8 and 1:2.5, respectively. Heat them to 65°C and then mix them at a volume ratio of 1:1. Stir for 45 minutes to prepare the seed solution for later use. Plant the zinc oxide seed layer on the satin fabric. Place the cut fabric in a stainless steel box, add the seed solution, soak for 10 minutes, and then roll it. After two soakings and two rollings, put the fabric in an oven at 150°C for heat treatment for 12 minutes to obtain the satin fabric with the seed layer.

[0036] (2) Prepare the growth solution: Weigh out 50 mmol of anhydrous zinc acetate, 0.5 mmol of ammonia, and 10 mmol of polyethyleneimine, then add 1 L of distilled water and stir to dissolve. For nanowire growth, place the fabric with the seed layer in a stainless steel box, slowly pour in the growth solution, and gently press the fabric repeatedly by hand. Place the box in an oven at 80℃ for 3 hours. After removal, place the fabric in a cool place to dry, obtaining a satin fabric with nanowires grown on it.

[0037] (3) The 49 layers of fabric are stacked and sealed with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof layer.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-textured bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology is prepared by the following steps:

[0040] (1) Take five 3-weft satin fabrics with a density of 11×11 threads / cm. The satin fabric is woven from para-aramid filaments with a linear density of 93.3 tex. Cut the fabric into 40 cm×40 cm pieces and store it away from light. Prepare the growth solution. First, prepare a 0.8 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and a 2.3 g / L anhydrous zinc acetate solution in a volumetric flask. Then, mix the sodium hydroxide solution and the anhydrous zinc acetate solution with anhydrous ethanol at ratios of 1:8 and 1:2.5, respectively. Heat the mixture to 65°C and then mix the two solutions at a volume ratio of 5:1. Stir for 45 minutes and set aside. Plant a zinc oxide seed layer on the satin fabric. Place the cut fabric in a stainless steel box, add the seed solution, soak for 20 minutes, and then roll it. After two soakings and two rollings, place the fabric in an oven at 150°C for heat treatment for 15 minutes to obtain a satin fabric with a seed layer.

[0041] (2) Prepare the growth solution: Weigh 50 mmol of anhydrous zinc acetate, 0.5 mmol of ammonia, and 10 mmol of polyethyleneimine, then add 1 L of distilled water and stir to dissolve. For nanowire growth, place the seeded fabric in a stainless steel box, slowly pour in the growth solution, and gently press the fabric repeatedly by hand. Place the box in an oven at 80℃ for 3 hours. After removal, place the fabric in a cool place to dry, obtaining a satin fabric with nanowires grown on it.

[0042] (3) Stack 35 layers of fabric and then wrap them with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof layer.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-textured bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology is prepared by the following steps:

[0045] (1) A 5-ply, 3-fly satin fabric with a density of 13×13 threads / cm was prepared. The satin fabric was woven from para-aramid filaments with a linear density of 93.3 tex. The fabric was cut into 40 cm×40 cm pieces and stored away from light. The growth solution was prepared by first preparing a 0.4 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and a 2.3 g / L anhydrous zinc acetate solution in volumetric flasks. Then, the sodium hydroxide solution / anhydrous zinc acetate solution was mixed with anhydrous ethanol at ratios of 1:8 and 1:2.5, respectively. The mixtures were heated to 65°C and then mixed at a volume ratio of 10:1. The mixture was stirred for 45 minutes and set aside. A zinc oxide seed layer was planted on the satin fabric. The cut fabric was placed in a stainless steel box, the seed solution was added, and the fabric was soaked for 30 minutes. After two soakings and two paddings, the fabric was placed in an oven at 150°C for heat treatment for 17 minutes to obtain a satin fabric with a seed layer.

[0046] (2) Prepare the growth solution: Weigh 50 mmol of anhydrous zinc acetate, 0.5 mmol of ammonia, and 10 mmol of polyethyleneimine, then add 1 L of distilled water and stir to dissolve. For nanowire growth, place the seeded fabric in a stainless steel box, slowly pour in the growth solution, and gently press the fabric repeatedly by hand. Place the box in an oven at 80℃ for 3 hours. After removal, place the fabric in a cool place to dry, obtaining a satin fabric with nanowires grown on it.

[0047] (3) Stack 30 layers of fabric and then wrap them with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof layer.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] A flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-textured bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology is prepared by the following steps:

[0050] (1) Take five 3-weft satin fabrics with a density of 11×11 threads / cm. The satin fabric is woven from para-aramid filaments with a linear density of 93.3 tex. Cut the fabric into 40 cm×40 cm pieces and store it away from light. Prepare the growth solution. First, prepare a 0.4 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and a 2.3 g / L anhydrous zinc acetate solution in a volumetric flask. Then, mix the sodium hydroxide solution and the anhydrous zinc acetate solution with anhydrous ethanol at ratios of 1:8 and 1:2.5, respectively. Heat the mixture to 65°C and then mix the two solutions at a volume ratio of 1:1. Stir for 45 minutes and set aside. Plant a zinc oxide seed layer on the satin fabric. Place the cut fabric in a stainless steel box, add the seed solution, soak for 20 minutes, and then perform a rolling treatment. After two soakings and two rollings, place the fabric in an oven at 150°C for heat treatment for 15 minutes to obtain a satin fabric with a seed layer.

[0051] (2) Prepare the growth solution: Weigh 50 mmol of anhydrous zinc acetate, 0.5 mmol of ammonia, and 10 mmol of polyethyleneimine, then add 1 L of distilled water and stir to dissolve. For nanowire growth, place the seeded fabric in a stainless steel box, slowly pour in the growth solution, and gently press the fabric repeatedly by hand. Place the box in an oven at 80℃ for 3 hours. After removal, place the fabric in a cool place to dry, obtaining a satin fabric with nanowires grown on it.

[0052] 2) Stack 35 layers of fabric and then wrap them with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof layer.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] A flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-textured bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology is prepared by the following steps:

[0055] (1) A 5-ply, 3-fly satin fabric with a density of 13×13 threads / cm was prepared. The satin fabric was woven from para-aramid fibers with a linear density of 93.3 tex. The fabric was cut into 40 cm×40 cm pieces and stored away from light. The growth solution was prepared by first preparing a 0.8 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and a 2.3 g / L anhydrous zinc acetate solution in volumetric flasks. Then, the sodium hydroxide solution and the anhydrous zinc acetate solution were mixed with anhydrous ethanol at ratios of 1:8 and 1:2.5, respectively. After heating to 65°C, the two solutions were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and stirred for 45 minutes. The mixture was then set aside. A zinc oxide seed layer was planted on the satin fabric. The cut fabric was placed in a stainless steel box, the seed solution was added, and the fabric was soaked for 30 minutes. After two soakings and two paddings, the fabric was placed in an oven at 150°C for heat treatment for 17 minutes to obtain a satin fabric with a seed layer.

[0056] (2) Prepare the growth solution: Weigh 10 mmol of anhydrous zinc acetate, 2 mol of ammonia water, and 14 mmol of polyethyleneimine, then add 1 L of distilled water and stir to dissolve. For nanowire growth, place the seeded fabric in a stainless steel box, slowly pour in the growth solution, and gently press the fabric repeatedly by hand. Place the box in an oven at 80℃ for 3 hours. After removal, place the fabric in a cool place to dry, obtaining a satin fabric with nanowires grown on it.

[0057] (3) Stack 30 layers of fabric and then wrap them with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof layer.

[0058] Example 6

[0059] A flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-textured bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology is prepared by the following steps:

[0060] (1) Take five 3-weft satin fabrics with a density of 8×8 threads / cm. The satin fabric is woven from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene yarn with a linear density of 88.8 tex. Cut them into 40 cm×40 cm pieces and store them away from light. Prepare the seed solution. First, prepare a 0.6 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and a 2 g / L anhydrous zinc acetate solution in volumetric flasks. Then, mix the sodium hydroxide solution and the anhydrous zinc acetate solution with anhydrous ethanol at ratios of 1:5 and 1:5, respectively. Heat them to 65°C and then mix them at a volume ratio of 1:1. Stir for 45 minutes to prepare the seed solution for later use. Plant the zinc oxide seed layer on the satin fabric. Place the cut fabric in a stainless steel box, add the seed solution, soak for 5 minutes, and then roll it. After two soakings and two rollings, put the fabric in a 100°C oven for heat treatment for 20 minutes to obtain the satin fabric with the seed layer.

[0061] (2) Prepare the growth solution: Weigh 70 mmol of anhydrous zinc acetate, 0.1 mmol of ammonia, and 2 mmol of polyethyleneimine, then add 1 L of distilled water and stir to dissolve. For nanowire growth, place the fabric with the seed layer in a stainless steel box, slowly pour in the growth solution, and gently press the fabric repeatedly by hand. Place the box in an oven at 75°C for 5 hours. After removal, place the fabric in a cool place to dry, obtaining a satin fabric with nanowires grown on it.

[0062] (3) Stack 30 layers of fabric and seal the edges with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof layer.

[0063] Example 7

[0064] A flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-textured bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology is prepared by the following steps:

[0065] (1) Take 8 five-weft satin fabrics with a density of 8×8 threads / cm. The satin fabric is woven from PBO fiber yarns with a linear density of 110tex. Cut the fabric into 40 cm×40 cm pieces and store it away from light. Prepare the seed solution. First, prepare 0.8 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and 3 g / L anhydrous zinc acetate solution in volumetric flasks. Then, mix the sodium hydroxide solution and anhydrous zinc acetate solution with anhydrous ethanol at ratios of 1:10 and 1:1, respectively. Heat the mixture to 65°C and then mix the two solutions at a volume ratio of 1:1. Stir for 45 minutes to obtain the seed solution for later use. Plant the zinc oxide seed layer on the satin fabric. Place the cut fabric in a stainless steel box, add the seed solution, soak for 20 minutes, and then perform a rolling treatment. After two soakings and two rollings, place the fabric in an oven at 180°C for heat treatment for 20 minutes to obtain the satin fabric with the seed layer.

[0066] (2) Prepare the growth solution: Weigh 10 mmol of anhydrous zinc acetate, 2 mol of ammonia, and 14 mmol of polyethyleneimine, then add 1 L of distilled water and stir to dissolve. For nanowire growth, place the fabric with the seed layer in a stainless steel box, slowly pour in the growth solution, and gently press the fabric repeatedly by hand. Place the box in an oven at 85℃ for 4 hours. After removal, place the fabric in a cool place to dry, obtaining a satin fabric with nanowires grown on it.

[0067] (3) The 55 layers of fabric are stacked and sealed with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof layer.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] A bulletproof vest chip is prepared by: layering 49 layers of untreated raw satin fabric with a density of 8×8 threads / cm, and then sealing the edges with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof vest chip.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] A bulletproof vest chip is prepared by: layering 49 layers of untreated plain weave fabric with a density of 8×8 threads / cm, and then sealing the edges with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof vest chip.

[0072] Comparative Example 3

[0073] A bulletproof vest chip, the manufacturing method is as follows:

[0074] 1) Preparation of aramid plain weave fabric with nanowire growth: A plain weave fabric with a density of 8×8 threads / cm was prepared. The fabric was woven from para-aramid fibers with a linear density of 93.3 tex and cut into 40 cm×40 cm pieces, stored away from light. The growth solution was prepared by first preparing a 0.8 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and a 2.3 g / L anhydrous zinc acetate solution in volumetric flasks. Then, the sodium hydroxide solution / anhydrous zinc acetate solution was mixed with anhydrous ethanol at ratios of 1:8 and 1:2.5, respectively. After heating to 65℃, the two solutions were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and stirred for 45 minutes. A zinc oxide seed layer was then grown on the satin fabric. The cut fabric was placed in a stainless steel box, the seed solution was added, and the fabric was immersed for 10-30 minutes, followed by padding. After two dips and two paddings, the fabric was placed in a 150℃ oven for heat treatment for 15 minutes. To prepare the growth solution, weigh out 50 mmol of anhydrous zinc acetate, 0.5 mmol of ammonia, and 10 mmol of polyethyleneimine. Add 1 L of distilled water and stir to dissolve. For nanowire growth, place the seeded fabric into a stainless steel box, slowly pour in the growth solution, and gently press the fabric repeatedly. Place the box in an oven at 80°C for 3 hours. After removal, allow the fabric to air dry in a cool, shaded place.

[0075] 2) Stack 49 layers of fabric and then wrap them with a thin blackout cloth to obtain the bulletproof vest chip.

[0076] Comparative Example 4

[0077] A bulletproof vest chip differs from Example 1 in that the density of the satin fabric is 7×7 threads / cm, while the other structures and preparation methods are the same.

[0078] Comparative Example 5

[0079] A bulletproof vest chip differs from Example 1 in that the satin fabric is a 12-layer 7-weft satin fabric, while the other structures and preparation methods are the same.

[0080] Test case

[0081] The bulletproof layers prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to bulletproof performance tests. The tests were conducted according to the GA 141-2010 Level II Police Bulletproof Vest Standard. The test conditions were a 1954 7.62mm pistol, a bullet mass of 5.6g, and a firing velocity of 445±10mm / s.

[0082] Simultaneously, surface density and bevel flexibility tests were conducted on the bulletproof layer. Surface density test method: The weight of the bulletproof layer was measured, and the surface density value of the bulletproof vest chip was calculated (weight to area ratio). The lower the surface density, the higher the lightweight nature. Bevel flexibility test method: The satin fabric with nanowires grown in Examples 1-5, the satin fabric used in Comparative Examples 1-3, the plain weave fabric in Comparative Example 4, and the plain weave fabric with nanowires grown in Comparative Example 5 were cut into three samples of 2.5 cm × 20 cm. These samples were placed on the LLY-01b computer-controlled stiffness tester and pushed forward at a uniform speed. When the sample bent to the point of blocking the infrared light of the tester, the pushing stopped, and the bending length was obtained. The test angle was 41.5°. The longer the bending length, the greater the stiffness of the sample and the worse the flexibility. A direct folding and bending test was also performed on the bulletproof layer.

[0083] Furthermore, the air permeability and moisture permeability of the aforementioned bulletproof layer and bulletproof vest chip were tested using a YG461E-III fully automatic air permeability meter. Figure 1 a) Test pressure: 100 Pa; test area: 20 cm²; moisture permeability tester: W3 / 031 water vapor transmission rate tester; place a circular fabric sample with a diameter of approximately 7.4 cm into the specified sample pan; place 130 g of distilled water in the pan; test temperature: 38 ± 2 °C; test humidity: 90 ± 2 °C.

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086] Note : Bending length refers to a single layer of fabric.

[0087] Note : Some data on the breathability and moisture permeability of the bulletproof layer were obtained by fitting test data.

[0088] As shown in Table 1, by adjusting the structure of the satin weave ballistic layer with grown nanowires, its blunt force fracture (BFS) resistance can reach 24.3 mm under similar areal density, demonstrating excellent ballistic performance. Under the same layer count, as shown in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the weight of the satin weave ballistic layer with grown nanowires increased by only 5%, proving that the weight increase of the satin weave through nanowire growth is minimal and does not increase the wearing burden. Furthermore, in terms of comfort, there were no significant changes in bending length, breathability, and moisture permeability, indicating that the satin weave with grown nanowires retains the original flexibility, breathability, and moisture permeability of the satin weave, and the resulting ballistic layer can be folded and bent at any angle and direction. Figure 1 b). Furthermore, the ballistic protection of the satin-weave fabric ballistic layer with grown nanowires is significantly improved, changing from penetrable to non-penetrable, and its blunt force fracture (BFS) resistance is 36.5 mm, still meeting ballistic protection requirements. A comparison of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 also shows that the blunt force fracture (BFS) resistance of the satin-weave fabric ballistic layer with grown nanowires is significantly improved compared to the plain weave fabric. More importantly, the blunt force fracture (BFS) resistance of the satin-weave ballistic layer is not different from that of the plain weave fabric with the same nanowire growth (Comparative Example 3), while its bending length, air permeability, and moisture permeability are far superior. This is due to the significant roughening of the filament surface caused by nanowire growth (…). Figure 2 and 3 The nanowires increase frictional energy absorption during ballistic impacts, accelerate shock wave transmission, reduce stress concentration, and encourage more filaments to participate in impact resistance, increasing deformation difficulty and reducing back convexity depth. Secondly, thanks to the longer floats in the satin weave fabric, these straightened filaments accelerate the transmission of bullet shock waves, dissipating bullet impact energy more quickly. Thirdly, the growth of nanowires not only enhances the interaction between filaments, allowing more filaments to participate in bullet impact resistance, but also enhances the synergy between layers, resulting in better integrity of the entire bulletproof layer and thus good ballistic performance. Fourthly, the interaction between nanowires effectively compensates for the loose structure of the satin weave fabric, increasing deformation difficulty during impact resistance and reducing BFS (Body Frame Free). Finally, the satin weave fabric's fewer interlacing points, longer floats, and looser structure mean that a ballistic bulletproof layer made of satin weave fabric with nanowires can provide good ballistic protection while also being flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable, making it more suitable for prolonged wear. This invention also prepares nanowires of different morphologies and densities through a specific process, enabling optimal adjustment of ballistic performance for satin fabrics of varying densities and structures. Therefore, by growing nanowires on the surface of aramid satin fabrics, this invention achieves lightweight, excellent penetration resistance and blunt force trauma resistance, along with characteristics such as low weight, fewer layers, softness, breathability, and moisture permeability. This solves the technical problem of the contradiction between elasticity and flexibility / comfort in bulletproof layers.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-weave fabric bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) After impregnating the satin fabric with seed solution, it is rolled and baked to grow a seed layer on the surface of the satin fabric; (2) The satin fabric with seed layer grown in step (1) is immersed in the growth solution for heat treatment reaction. After the reaction is completed, the satin fabric is taken out and dried to obtain the satin fabric with nanowires grown. (3) Stack the satin fabric with nanowires grown on it and seal the edges to obtain a flexible, breathable and moisture-permeable satin fabric bulletproof layer. The density of the satin fabric is (8-13)×(8-13) threads / cm, and the number of satin weave repeats is 5, 8, or 11. The number of layers of the satin fabric stacked is 30-55; The seed solution is prepared by mixing an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with anhydrous ethanol to obtain an ethanolic sodium hydroxide solution; mixing an aqueous zinc salt solution with anhydrous ethanol to obtain an ethanolic zinc salt solution; and mixing the ethanolic sodium hydroxide solution and the ethanolic zinc salt solution to prepare the seed solution. The concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 0.4-0.8 g / L, the concentration of the zinc salt aqueous solution is 2-3 g / L, the ratio of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to anhydrous ethanol is 1:(5-10), the ratio of zinc salt aqueous solution to anhydrous ethanol is 1:(1-5); the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide ethanol solution to the zinc salt ethanol solution is (1-10):

1. The growth solution is prepared by dissolving zinc salt, ammonia, and polyethyleneimine in water; the concentrations of each component in the growth solution are: zinc salt 10-70 mmol / L, polyethyleneimine 2-14 mmol / L, and ammonia 0.1-2 mol / L. The zinc salt is anhydrous zinc acetate.

2. The method for preparing a flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-weave fabric bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baking temperature is 100-180℃, and the baking time is 5-20 min; the heat treatment reaction temperature is 75-85℃, and the time is 3-5 h.

3. The method for preparing a flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-weave fabric bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fibers in the satin fabric are any one of aramid fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, or poly(p-phenylenebenzodioxazole) fibers.

4. A flexible, breathable, and moisture-permeable satin-textured bulletproof layer based on nanowire technology obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-3.

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