Gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel high-efficiency combustor

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel high-efficiency combustor, it includes: cyclone strengthening section, for the input three-phase immiscible fuel to form high-speed three-phase rotating flow, according to the density difference of three-phase fuel, gas phase fuel is separated from liquid-solid two-phase fuel, and separated gas phase fuel is transmitted to double atomization section;Solid-liquid separation injection section, receiving liquid-solid two-phase fuel separated after cyclone strengthening section, and liquid-solid two-phase fuel is further separated into liquid phase fuel and solid phase fuel, liquid phase fuel is transmitted to double atomization section;Oxidant injection section, for spraying oxidant jet, oxidant jet and solid phase fuel separated after solid-liquid separation injection section are jointly input double atomization section;In double atomization section, from inside to outside successively has double liquid phase fuel atomization area formed by the interaction of gas phase fuel and liquid phase fuel, oxidant layer and solid phase fuel layer.The present application can carry out the rapid and efficient combustion of gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuel simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mixed fuel burner technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner. Background Technology

[0002] In the efficient combustion and utilization of various fuels, the core equipment is the burner. Through unique structural design of the burner and the rational organization of fuel and oxidant flow patterns, stable and efficient combustion and utilization of most fuels can be achieved. Currently, representative burners include swirl burners, direct-flow burners, porous media burners, and reverse-injection burners, among others. In practical applications of various types of burners, the type of burner is usually selected based on parameters such as the chemical reaction kinetics, phase state, and flow rate of various fuels, and structural optimization design of the burner is also carried out. The above-mentioned types of burners are commonly used for the combustion and utilization of single-phase (gas-phase, solid-phase, or solid-phase) fuels. Furthermore, burners suitable for two-phase (gas-solid, gas-liquid, or solid-liquid) fuels have also been developed according to actual needs. However, with the rapid development of my country's industrial process, scenarios involving gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuel mixtures are common in industries such as chemical processing and petroleum refining. These mixtures are often difficult to utilize efficiently directly, leading to increased costs and reduced economic efficiency in subsequent processing. Direct discharge without utilization, on the other hand, results in environmental pollution and resource waste. Currently, there is a lack of combustion technologies based on the rapid and efficient combustion of three-phase fuels in existing burner types. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a high-efficiency burner for gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuels, which can simultaneously perform rapid and efficient combustion of gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuels, and has the advantages of compact structure, fast reaction rate, and high-efficiency combustion.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-efficiency burner for gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel, comprising: a swirl enhancement section, used to form a high-speed three-phase swirling flow from the input three-phase immiscible fuel, separating the gas phase fuel from the liquid-solid two-phase fuel according to the density difference of the three-phase fuel, and transmitting the separated gas phase fuel to a dual atomization section; a solid-liquid separation injection section, receiving the liquid-solid two-phase fuel separated by the swirl enhancement section, and further separating the liquid-solid two-phase fuel into liquid phase fuel and solid phase fuel, the liquid phase fuel being transmitted to the dual atomization section; an oxidant injection section, used to inject an oxidant jet, the oxidant jet and the solid phase fuel separated by the solid-liquid separation injection section being jointly input into the dual atomization section; in the dual atomization section, there are, from the inside out, a dual liquid phase fuel atomization zone formed by the interaction of gas phase fuel and liquid phase fuel, an oxidant layer and a solid phase fuel layer.

[0005] Furthermore, the swirl enhancement section includes a three-phase fuel inlet, a gas collecting pipe, a reflux pipe, a gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber, and sidewall holes. The three-phase fuel inlet is located on one side of the bottom of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber. A gas collecting pipe is located at the center of the interior of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber, and a reflux pipe is located at the top of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber. The reflux pipe extends from top to bottom into the gas collecting pipe, with a gap between them. The bottom end of the reflux pipe is spaced axially from the bottom of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber to form an annular channel between the outer wall of the reflux pipe and the inner wall of the gas collecting pipe. This annular channel communicates with the internal channel of the reflux pipe. In the upper part of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber, multiple sidewall holes are uniformly opened along the circumferential direction in the central region along the axial direction. The separated liquid-solid two-phase fuel is output through these multiple sidewall holes.

[0006] Furthermore, the solid-liquid separation spray section includes: an end cap, a cylindrical tube, a solid collection chamber, a liquid collection chamber, a connecting channel, a shaped tube, a solid-liquid rotation chamber, a tangential flow channel, an outer shell, and a first partition;

[0007] The outer shell is integrally formed by a straight cylindrical section at the bottom and a conical section at the top. The bottom of the straight cylindrical section of the outer shell is set on the outer wall of the conical outer shell of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber of the swirling enhancement section. The top conical section of the outer shell has a tapered structure and is provided with an end cap at the top. Inside the outer shell, a cylindrical tube and a first partition are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, and the tops of the cylindrical tube and the first partition are fixedly connected to the inner side of the end cap.

[0008] The bottom of the cylindrical tube is connected to the top of the irregular tube. The bottom of the irregular tube is set on the outer wall of the conical tube of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber, and a tangential flow channel is opened on the side wall of the bottom of the irregular tube, which is directly connected to the side wall hole.

[0009] A connecting channel is provided in the central area of ​​the irregularly shaped cylinder, and the connecting channel is coaxially connected and communicates with the reflux pipe;

[0010] The outer wall of the irregular cylinder consists of a conical outer wall at the top and a cylindrical outer wall at the bottom; the diameter of the cylindrical outer wall at the bottom of the irregular cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the straight section at the bottom of the outer shell, so as to form a solid-liquid rotating chamber between the cylindrical outer wall at the bottom of the irregular cylinder and the inner wall of the straight section of the outer shell.

[0011] The first partition is integrally located in the area between the outer wall of the cylindrical tube and the outer wall of the outer shell; the first partition divides the upper cavity area corresponding to the solid-liquid rotation chamber into a solid collection chamber located in the outer layer and a liquid collection chamber located in the inner layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the end cap adopts a concave structure and is coaxial with the outer shell; the maximum diameter end of the end cap is fixedly connected to the minimum diameter end of the conical section of the outer shell; the minimum diameter end of the end cap is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cylindrical tube; and at the minimum diameter end of the end cap, located outside the cylindrical tube, it is fixedly connected to the upper minimum diameter end of the first partition.

[0013] Furthermore, near the end cap with the largest diameter, multiple solid jet holes are evenly spaced along the circumference, and the axial direction of the solid jet holes is perpendicular to the generatrix direction of the end cap.

[0014] Furthermore, the cylindrical tube is a cylindrical structure. In the upper part of the cylindrical tube, multiple outer liquid flow channels are evenly opened along the circumference. Multiple inner liquid flow channels are provided in the middle and lower part of the cylindrical tube. Each inner liquid flow channel is a straight tube. The first end of the straight tube passes through the middle and lower part of the cylindrical tube evenly along the circumference and extends into the cylindrical tube. The second end of the straight tube is flush with the outer wall of the cylindrical tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the first partition is an axisymmetric cylindrical structure, which is composed of a first cylindrical section, a first conical section, a second cylindrical section, and a second conical section connected coaxially from bottom to top; wherein, the cross-sectional area of ​​the two conical sections gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0016] Furthermore, the oxidizer injection section includes an oxidizer chamber, an oxidizer inlet, and an oxidizer jet orifice;

[0017] The oxidant chamber is a closed annular chamber located inside the solid collection chamber and is fitted onto the upper outer wall area of ​​the first partition. The upper circular area of ​​the oxidant chamber is fixedly connected to the lower end of the end cap.

[0018] The oxidant inlet is a tubular structure, with one end passing through the outer wall of the shell and connecting and communicating with the lower region of the oxidant chamber;

[0019] Located inside the oxidant chamber and on the inner side of the solid phase jet orifice, multiple oxidant jet orifices are uniformly opened along the circumferential direction near the smallest diameter end of the end cap to spray the oxidant through the oxidant jet orifice.

[0020] Furthermore, the dual atomization section includes an outer direct current gas channel, a second separator, an inner swirling gas channel, a central body, and a central liquid flow channel;

[0021] The central body is an axisymmetric structure with upper and lower cones and a middle column. A central liquid flow channel is provided in the upper middle region inside the central liquid flow channel, and a nozzle is provided at the top of the central liquid flow channel.

[0022] The first end of the inner liquid flow channel extends into the cylindrical tube, passes through the side wall area of ​​the central body, connects and communicates with the bottom of the central liquid flow channel, and fixes the central body in the central area of ​​the cylindrical tube through the inner liquid flow channel, and is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical tube; the maximum diameter of the central body is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube, so as to form an outer direct current gas channel between the outer wall of the central body and the inner wall of the cylindrical tube.

[0023] The second partition is an annular body with a right-angled triangular cross section; the cone angle of the inner inclined wall of the second partition is the same as the cone angle of the upper cone of the central body. The second partition and the upper cone of the central body are arranged in a corresponding manner to form an inner swirling air channel between the inclined inner wall of the second partition and the inclined outer wall of the upper cone of the central body.

[0024] Furthermore, guide vanes are arranged evenly along the circumference inside the inner swirling air channel.

[0025] The present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:

[0026] 1. The present invention has the advantage of compact structure. By organically integrating the gas-liquid-solid three-phase cyclone separator structure with the burner channel, a whole is formed, which occupies little space and has a compact structure.

[0027] 2. This invention utilizes the simultaneous combustion of gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuels, enabling rapid reaction and heat release of these fuels, thus reducing other unnecessary, complex, and costly processing steps.

[0028] 3. The thermal energy contained in the gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuel is utilized efficiently by adopting a dual liquid-phase atomization structure to efficiently atomize the liquid fuel, promote the rapid heating and ignition reaction of the liquid fuel, and at the same time, the concentrated solid fuel is injected into the high-temperature flame area located in the center of the burner in the form of multiple columnar jets to achieve rapid heating and ignition of the solid fuel, thereby improving the overall combustion performance and fuel utilization rate of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuel. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an axial sectional view of the overall structure of the high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a side view of the high-efficiency combustor of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a top view of the high-efficiency combustor of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of section AA in the image;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of section BB in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The CC section sectional view in the image;

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of section DD in the middle;

[0036] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the dual atomization segment structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow organization method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1-Swirl Enhancement Section: 11-Three-phase fuel inlet, 12-Gas collecting pipe, 13-Reverse flow pipe, 14-Gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber, 15-Side wall hole; 2-Solid-liquid separation injection section: 21-Outer liquid flow channel, 22-End cap, 23-Solid jet hole, 24-Cylindrical cylinder, 25-Inner liquid flow channel, 26-Solid collection chamber, 27-Liquid collection chamber, 28-Connecting channel, 29-Irregularly shaped cylinder, 210-Solid-liquid rotating chamber, 211-Tangential flow channel, 212-Outer shell, 213-Separator;

[0040] 3-Oxidizer injection section: 31-Oxidizer chamber, 32-Oxidizer inlet, 33-Oxidizer jet orifice;

[0041] 4-Dual atomization section: 41-Outer layer direct current air channel, 42-Separator, 43-Inner layer swirling air channel, 44-Central body, 45-Central liquid flow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] To achieve rapid and efficient utilization of gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuels based on their inherent properties, this invention proposes a high-efficiency burner for gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuels, featuring a compact structure, fast reaction rate, and efficient combustion. This invention includes a swirl enhancement section, a solid-liquid separation injection section, an oxidizer injection section, and a dual atomization section. The swirl enhancement section includes a three-phase fuel inlet, a gas collecting pipe, a reflux pipe, a gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber, and side wall holes. The solid-liquid separation injection section includes an outer liquid flow channel, an end cap, a solid jet orifice, a cylindrical tube, an inner liquid flow channel, a solid collection chamber, a liquid collection chamber, a connecting channel, a shaped tube, a solid-liquid rotating chamber, a tangential flow channel, an outer shell, and a separator. The oxidizer injection section includes an oxidizer chamber, an oxidizer inlet, and an oxidizer jet orifice. The dual atomization section includes an outer direct-flow gas channel, a separator, an inner swirl gas channel, a central body, and a central liquid flow channel. This invention is applicable to the field of efficient combustion and utilization of gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuels.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, a high-efficiency combustor for gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuels is provided. For example... Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel high-efficiency burner includes: a swirl enhancement section 1, a solid-liquid separation injection section 2, an oxidant injection section 3, and a dual atomization section 4;

[0046] The swirl enhancement section 1 is used to form a high-speed three-phase swirling flow from the input three-phase immiscible fuel. Based on the density difference of the three-phase fuel, the gas phase fuel is separated from the liquid-solid two-phase fuel, and the separated gas phase fuel is transferred to the dual atomization section 4.

[0047] The solid-liquid separation injection section 2 receives the liquid-solid two-phase fuel separated by the swirl enhancement section 1, and further separates the liquid-solid two-phase fuel into liquid fuel and solid fuel. The liquid fuel is then transferred to the dual atomization section 4.

[0048] Oxidant injection section 3 is used to inject oxidant jets. The oxidant jets and the solid fuel separated by solid-liquid separation injection section 2 are jointly input into the dual atomization section 4.

[0049] In the dual atomization section 4, there are, from the inside out, a dual liquid-phase fuel atomization zone, an oxidant layer, and a solid-phase fuel layer formed by the interaction of gaseous and liquid-phase fuels, which simultaneously enable the rapid and efficient utilization of gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuels.

[0050] In one alternative implementation, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the swirl enhancement section 1 includes a three-phase fuel inlet 11, a gas collecting pipe 12, a reflux pipe 13, a gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14, and a side wall hole 15.

[0051] A three-phase fuel inlet 11 is provided on one side of the bottom of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14;

[0052] A gas collecting pipe 12 is provided at the center of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14, and a reflux pipe 13 is provided at the top of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14.

[0053] The reflux pipe 13 extends from top to bottom into the gas collecting pipe 12, with a gap between them. The bottom end of the reflux pipe 13 and the bottom of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 are spaced axially. Preferably, the axial distance is 0.2 to 0.35 times the axial length of the gas collecting pipe 12, thereby forming an annular channel between the outer wall of the reflux pipe 13 and the inner wall of the gas collecting pipe 12. This annular channel communicates with the internal channel of the reflux pipe 13.

[0054] In the upper part of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14, a plurality of side wall holes 15 are uniformly opened along the circumferential direction in the central region. The separated liquid-solid two-phase fuel is output through the plurality of side wall holes 15.

[0055] In this embodiment, the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 includes a lower cylindrical body and an upper conical body, which can be integrally formed or connected by means of threading or welding. The diameter of the conical body gradually decreases from bottom to top, and a circular channel is provided at the top (smallest diameter end) of the conical body. This circular channel is coaxial with the top of the reflux pipe 13 and is an integral structure. Multiple side wall holes 15 are provided along the axial middle region of the conical body. The bottom of the cylindrical body is a closed structure, and a three-phase fuel inlet 11 is provided on one side of the cylindrical body for inputting three-phase fuel into the cylindrical body.

[0056] In this embodiment, specifically, the three-phase fuel inlet 11 is a straight tubular channel with a rectangular or circular cross-section. The three-phase fuel inlet 11 is located on the bottom outer side of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 and is connected and communicates with the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 tangentially along its inner wall, so that the high-speed gas-liquid-solid three-phase jet flowing inside the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 is a rotating flow. In use, the three-phase fuel inlet 11 guides the three-phase liquid flow flowing into the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 into a high-speed rotating flow within it.

[0057] In this embodiment, specifically, the gas collecting pipe 12 is a circular tube structure with a relatively short axial length, one end of which is vertically fixed to the bottom center of the liquid-solid rotating chamber 14. Preferably, the axial length of the gas collecting pipe 12 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 times the axial length of the cylindrical body of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14.

[0058] In this embodiment, specifically, the reflux pipe 13 is a circular pipe structure with a relatively long axial length. The bottom end of the reflux pipe 13 is coaxial with the gas collecting pipe 12 and extends into the interior of the gas collecting pipe 12. Preferably, the axial length of the reflux pipe 13 is 0.8 to 0.9 times the overall axial length of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14; the outer diameter of the reflux pipe 13 is approximately 0.7 to 0.85 times the inner diameter of the gas collecting pipe 12.

[0059] In this embodiment, the axial cross-section of the sidewall hole 15 is rectangular, and the long side of the inner rectangular cross-section of the sidewall hole 15 coincides with the generatrix of the upper conical body in the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14. The number of sidewall holes 15 is preferably set to 2 to 6.

[0060] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the solid-liquid separation spray section 2 includes an end cap 22, a cylindrical tube 24, a solid collection chamber 26, a liquid collection chamber 27, a connecting channel 28, a shaped tube 29, a solid-liquid rotation chamber 210, a tangential flow channel 211, an outer shell 212, and a first partition 213.

[0061] The outer shell 212 is integrally formed by a straight cylindrical section at the bottom and a conical section at the top. The bottom of the straight cylindrical section of the outer shell 212 is located on the outer wall of the conical outer shell of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 of the swirling enhancement section 1. The top conical section of the outer shell 212 has a tapered structure and is provided with an end cap 22 at the top.

[0062] Inside the outer casing 212, a cylindrical tube 24 and a first partition 213 are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, and the tops of the cylindrical tube 24 and the first partition 213 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the end cap 22.

[0063] The bottom of the cylindrical tube 24 is connected to the top of the irregular tube 29. The bottom of the irregular tube 29 is located on the outer wall of the conical tube of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14, and a tangential flow channel 211 is opened on the bottom side wall of the irregular tube 29, which is directly connected to the side wall hole 15.

[0064] A connecting channel 28 is provided in the central area of ​​the irregular cylinder 29, and the connecting channel 28 is coaxially connected and communicates with the reflux pipe 13;

[0065] The outer wall of the irregular cylinder 29 is composed of a conical outer wall at the top and a cylindrical outer wall at the bottom; the diameter of the cylindrical outer wall at the bottom of the irregular cylinder 29 is smaller than the inner diameter of the straight section at the bottom of the outer shell 212, so that a solid-liquid rotating chamber 210 is formed between the cylindrical outer wall at the bottom of the irregular cylinder 29 and the inner wall of the straight section of the outer shell 212.

[0066] The first partition 213 is disposed in the area between the outer wall of the cylindrical tube 24 and the shaped tube 29 and the inner wall of the outer shell 212. The first partition 213 divides the upper cavity area corresponding to the solid-liquid rotation chamber 210 into a solid collection chamber 26 located on the outer layer and a liquid collection chamber 27 located on the inner layer. Specifically, the solid collection chamber 26 is located between the outer shell 212 and the first partition 213, and the liquid collection chamber 27 is located between the first partition 213 and the outer wall of the cylindrical tube 24 and the shaped tube 29.

[0067] In this embodiment, specifically, as shown in... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the conical section of the outer shell 212 gradually decreases in cross-sectional area from bottom to top. At the bottom of the straight section of the outer shell 212, it is coaxial with the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 and fixed to the outer wall of the conical body of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14. Preferably, the inner diameter of the straight section of the outer shell 212 is 0.7 to 0.9 times the inner diameter of the cylindrical body of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14.

[0068] In this embodiment, specifically, the end cap 22 adopts a concave structure with a tapered cross-section of a certain thickness. The end cap 22 is coaxial with the outer shell 212. The end cap 22 with the largest diameter is fixedly connected to the end with the smallest diameter of the tapered section of the outer shell 212; the end cap 22 with the smallest diameter is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cylindrical tube 24; and at the end cap 22 with the smallest diameter, located outside the cylindrical tube 24, it is fixedly connected to the upper end with the smallest diameter of the first partition 213.

[0069] In this configuration, near the end cap 22 with the largest diameter, a plurality of solid jet holes 23 are evenly spaced along the circumference, and the axial direction of the solid jet holes 23 is perpendicular to the generatrix direction of the end cap 22. Preferably, the solid jet holes 23 are cylindrical channels, and the number of them is 15 to 25.

[0070] In this embodiment, specifically, as shown in... Figure 1 As shown, the irregular-shaped cylinder 29 is an axisymmetric body with a polygonal cross-section. The lower inner wall of the irregular-shaped cylinder 29 is entirely conical and fits against the upper conical body of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14, fixed to the outer wall of the conical body. The tangential flow channels 211 on the irregular-shaped cylinder 29 have a rectangular cross-section and are arranged tangentially to the lower conical wall of the irregular-shaped cylinder 29. The number of tangential flow channels 211 is equal to the number of side wall holes 15.

[0071] Preferred, such as Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the lower cylindrical outer wall of the irregular cylinder 29 is 0.7 to 0.9 times the inner diameter of the lower straight cylindrical section of the outer shell 212.

[0072] In this embodiment, specifically, as shown in... Figure 1 and Figure 8As shown, a cylindrical tube 24 is fixedly connected and communicates with the connecting channel 28 on the upper end face of the irregular tube 29.

[0073] The cylindrical tube 24 is a cylindrical structure. On the upper part of the cylindrical tube 24, a plurality of outer liquid flow channels 21 are evenly opened along the circumferential direction; preferably, the number of outer liquid flow channels 21 is 4 to 8.

[0074] Multiple inner liquid flow channels 25 are provided in the lower middle region of the cylindrical tube 24; each inner liquid flow channel 25 is a straight tube, the first end of the straight tube passes through the lower middle region of the cylindrical tube 24 evenly along the circumferential direction and extends into the cylindrical tube 24, and the second end of the straight tube is flush with the outer wall of the cylindrical tube 24; preferably, the number of inner liquid flow channels 25 is 2 to 6.

[0075] In this embodiment, specifically, as shown in... Figure 1 As shown, the first partition 213 is an axisymmetric cylindrical structure, consisting of a first cylindrical section, a first conical section, a second cylindrical section, and a second conical section coaxially connected from bottom to top; wherein, the cross-sectional area of ​​both conical sections gradually decreases from bottom to top. The smallest diameter end of the second conical section is fixedly connected to the smallest diameter of the end cap 22.

[0076] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the oxidant injection section 3 includes an oxidant chamber 31, an oxidant inlet 32, and an oxidant jet orifice 33.

[0077] The oxidant chamber 31 is a closed annular chamber located inside the solid collection chamber 26 and is fitted onto the upper part of the first partition 213 (i.e., the second cylindrical section and the second conical section) of the outer wall area. The upper circular area of ​​the oxidant chamber 31 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the end cap 22, with the specific connection location located in the middle area of ​​the generatrix of the end cap 22.

[0078] The oxidant inlet 32 ​​is a tubular structure, with one end passing through the outer wall of the outer shell 212 and connected to and communicating with the lower region of the oxidant chamber 31;

[0079] Located inside the oxidant chamber 31 and inside the solid phase jet hole 23, a plurality of oxidant jet holes 33 are uniformly opened along the circumferential direction near the smallest diameter end of the end cap 22, so as to spray the oxidant through the oxidant jet holes 33.

[0080] In this embodiment, the oxidant jet holes 33 are cylindrical channels, and the number of them is 10 to 20. The axial direction of the solid phase jet holes 23 is perpendicular to the generatrix direction of the end cap 22, and all the oxidant jet holes 33 are connected to the oxidant chamber 31.

[0081] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the dual atomization section 4 includes an outer direct current gas channel 41, a second separator 42, an inner swirling gas channel 43, a central body 44, and a central liquid flow channel 45.

[0082] The central body 44 is an axisymmetric structure with upper and lower cones and a middle column. A central liquid flow channel 45 is provided in the upper middle region inside the central body. The central liquid flow channel 45 is a cylindrical channel with a nozzle at the top.

[0083] The first end of the inner liquid flow channel 25 extends into the cylindrical tube 24, passes through the side wall region of the central body 44, connects and communicates with the bottom of the central liquid flow channel 45, and fixes the central body 44 to the central region of the cylindrical tube 24 through the inner liquid flow channel 25, and is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical tube 24; the maximum diameter of the central body 44 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube 24, so as to form an outer direct current gas channel 41 between the outer wall of the central body 44 and the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 24;

[0084] The second partition 42 is an annular body with a right-angled triangular cross section; the cone angle of the inner inclined wall of the second partition 42 is the same as the cone angle of the upper cone of the central body 44. The second partition 42 and the upper cone of the central body 44 are arranged in a corresponding manner to form an inner swirling air channel 43 between the inclined inner wall of the second partition 42 and the inclined outer wall of the upper cone of the central body 44.

[0085] Inside the inner swirling gas channel 43, guide vanes are arranged evenly along the circumference to fix the second partition 42 to the upper cone of the central body 44, and there is no connection between it and the end cap 22, so as to prevent obstruction of the liquid flow in the surrounding annular channel; the presence of the guide vanes can fix the second partition 42 on the one hand, and guide the airflow to be ejected as a high-speed rotating airflow with both axial velocity components and tangential velocity components.

[0086] In this embodiment, preferably, the maximum diameter of the central body 44 is 0.8 to 0.9 times the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube 24.

[0087] In summary, when using this invention, as... Figure 9 As shown, its specific usage process includes the following steps:

[0088] 1) The gas-liquid-solid three-phase immiscible fuel flows in at high speed from the three-phase fuel inlet 11, forming a high-speed three-phase rotating flow in the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14;

[0089] 2) Under the action of the centrifugal force field generated by the high-speed rotating flow, the three-phase gas-liquid-solid fuel with density difference is subjected to different centrifugal forces, so the fuel gas with the lowest density is mainly concentrated in the central area of ​​the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 and flows downward. It flows into the reverse flow pipe 13 through the annular channel formed between the outer wall of the reverse flow pipe 13 and the inner wall of the gas collecting pipe 12, and flows from bottom to top. It flows into the interior of the outer direct flow gas channel 41 through the connecting channel 28. Then, when it flows to the inner swirling gas channel 43, a part of the gas phase fuel will flow into the inner swirling gas channel 43 and be ejected at high speed under the action of the internal guide vanes. The other part of the gas phase fuel that does not flow into the inner swirling gas channel 43 will continue to flow along the outer direct flow gas channel 41 and finally be ejected at high speed through the annular nozzle at the upper end of the outer direct flow gas channel 41.

[0090] 3) At the same time, the high-speed rotating flow formed in the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 causes the liquid and solid fuels with higher densities to mainly concentrate in the area near the inner wall of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber 14 and rotate from bottom to top at high speed. When the liquid and solid fuels flow into the side wall hole 15, they will be captured by the side wall hole 15 and then flow into the tangential flow channel 211. After the tangential flow channel 211 guides the rotation of the liquid and solid fuels, a high-speed rotating flow will be formed in the lower part of the solid-liquid rotating chamber 210. The high-speed liquid-solid rotating flow will flow from bottom to top. Under the action of centrifugal force, the solid phase with the highest density will mainly concentrate in the outer area of ​​the solid-liquid rotating chamber 210 and then flow into the interior of the solid collection chamber 26, while the liquid phase with lower density will mainly concentrate in the inner area of ​​the solid-liquid rotating chamber 210 and then flow into the interior of the liquid collection chamber 27.

[0091] 4) The solid fuel flowing into the solid collection chamber 26 will flow from bottom to top and finally be ejected at high speed through the solid jet hole 23;

[0092] 5) The liquid fuel flowing into the liquid collection chamber 27 will flow from bottom to top, passing through the inner liquid flow channel 25 and the outer liquid flow channel 21 in sequence, and flowing into the central liquid flow channel 45 and the outer direct current gas channel 41 that is axially opposite to the second partition 42, respectively.

[0093] A portion of the liquid fuel flowing into the central liquid flow channel 45 is ejected at high speed from the upper nozzle, directly encountering the high-speed rotating fuel gas ejected from the inner swirling gas channel 43. This causes swirling shearing and breaking, atomizing the liquid fuel into fine droplets. Simultaneously, another portion of the liquid fuel flows into the region of the outer direct current gas channel 41, which is axially opposite to the second separator 42. It encounters the high-speed direct current fuel gas flowing from downstream. Since the angle between the flow directions of the two (the liquid fuel entering through the outer liquid flow channel 21 and the direct current fuel gas) is 90°, this portion of the liquid fuel undergoes rapid shearing and breaking at the moment of encounter with the high-speed direct current fuel gas, further breaking and atomizing the liquid fuel.

[0094] Through the atomization of the above two liquid phase fuels, efficient atomization of the liquid phase can be achieved even with a large liquid phase content, forming an atomized jet flame above the dual atomization section 4, thus enhancing the efficient combustion of the liquid phase fuel.

[0095] 6) The oxidant flows in through the oxidant inlet 32 ​​and is ejected at high speed through the oxidant jet hole 33 under the rectification effect of the oxidant chamber 31.

[0096] like Figure 9 As shown, through the above organization of gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuel, a dual liquid-phase fuel atomization zone, an oxidant layer, and a solid-phase fuel layer can be constructed sequentially from the inside to the outside above the burner. This enables the rapid and efficient utilization of gas-liquid-solid three-phase fuel simultaneously, and has the advantages of compact structure, fast reaction rate, and efficient combustion.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency combustor for gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuels, characterized in that, include: The swirling enhancement section (1) is used to form a high-speed three-phase swirling flow from the input three-phase immiscible fuel. Based on the density difference of the three-phase fuel, the gas phase fuel is separated from the liquid-solid two-phase fuel, and the separated gas phase fuel is transferred to the dual atomization section (4). The solid-liquid separation injection section (2) receives the liquid-solid two-phase fuel separated by the swirl enhancement section (1) and further separates the liquid-solid two-phase fuel into liquid fuel and solid fuel. The liquid fuel is then transferred to the dual atomization section (4). Oxidizer injection section (3) is used to inject oxidizer jets. The oxidizer jets and the solid fuel separated by solid-liquid separation injection section (2) are fed into the dual atomization section (4). In the dual atomization section (4), there are, from the inside out, a dual liquid phase fuel atomization zone, an oxidant layer, and a solid phase fuel layer formed by the interaction of gaseous fuel and liquid phase fuel.

2. The gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel high-efficiency burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The swirl enhancement section (1) includes a three-phase fuel inlet (11), a gas collecting pipe (12), a reflux pipe (13), a gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber (14), and a side wall hole (15); A three-phase fuel inlet (11) is provided on one side of the bottom of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber (14); A gas collecting pipe (12) is provided at the center of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber (14), and a reflux pipe (13) is provided at the top of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber (14). The reflux pipe (13) extends from top to bottom into the gas collecting pipe (12), with a gap between it and the gas collecting pipe (12). The bottom end of the reflux pipe (13) and the bottom of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber (14) have an axial spacing distance to form an annular channel between the outer wall of the reflux pipe (13) and the inner wall of the gas collecting pipe (12). This annular channel communicates with the internal channel of the reflux pipe (13). In the upper part of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber (14), a plurality of side wall holes (15) are uniformly opened along the circumferential direction in the central region. The separated liquid-solid two-phase fuel is output through the plurality of side wall holes (15).

3. The high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-liquid separation spray section (2) includes: an end cap (22), a cylindrical tube (24), a solid collection chamber (26), a liquid collection chamber (27), a connecting channel (28), a shaped tube (29), a solid-liquid rotation chamber (210), a tangential flow channel (211), an outer shell (212), and a first partition (213); The outer shell (212) is integrally formed by a straight cylindrical section at the bottom and a conical section at the top. The bottom of the straight cylindrical section of the outer shell (212) is set on the outer wall of the conical outer shell of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber (14) of the swirling enhancement section (1). The top conical section of the outer shell (212) has a tapered structure and is provided with an end cap (22) at the top. Inside the outer casing (212), a cylindrical tube (24) and a first partition (213) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, and the tops of the cylindrical tube (24) and the first partition (213) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the end cap (22). The bottom of the cylindrical tube (24) is connected to the top of the irregular tube (29). The bottom of the irregular tube (29) is set on the outer wall of the conical tube of the gas-liquid-solid rotating chamber (14), and a tangential flow channel (211) is opened on the bottom side wall of the irregular tube (29) and communicates with the side wall hole (15). A connecting channel (28) is provided in the central area of ​​the irregular cylinder (29), and the connecting channel (28) is coaxially connected and communicates with the reflux pipe (13); The outer wall of the irregular cylinder (29) consists of a conical outer wall at the top and a cylindrical outer wall at the bottom; the diameter of the cylindrical outer wall at the bottom of the irregular cylinder (29) is smaller than the inner diameter of the straight section at the bottom of the outer shell (212), so that a solid-liquid rotating chamber (210) is formed between the cylindrical outer wall at the bottom of the irregular cylinder (29) and the inner wall of the straight section of the outer shell (212); The first partition (213) is integrally disposed in the area between the outer wall of the cylindrical tube (24) and the outer wall of the outer shell (212); the first partition (213) divides the upper cavity area corresponding to the solid-liquid rotation chamber (210) into a solid collection chamber (26) located on the outer layer and a liquid collection chamber (27) located on the inner layer.

4. The high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The end cap (22) adopts a concave structure and is coaxial with the outer shell (212); The end cap (22) with the largest diameter is fixedly connected to the end with the smallest diameter of the conical section of the outer shell (212); the end cap (22) with the smallest diameter is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cylindrical tube (24); and at the end cap (22) with the smallest diameter, located outside the cylindrical tube (24), it is fixedly connected to the end with the smallest diameter of the upper part of the first partition (213).

5. The high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner as described in claim 4, characterized in that, At the end with the maximum diameter near the end cap (22), a plurality of solid jet holes (23) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, and the axial direction of the solid jet holes (23) is perpendicular to the generatrix direction of the end cap (22).

6. The high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The cylindrical tube (24) is a cylindrical structure. Multiple outer liquid flow channels (21) are evenly provided on the upper part of the cylindrical tube (24) along the circumferential direction. Multiple inner liquid flow channels (25) are provided in the lower middle region of the cylindrical tube (24); each inner liquid flow channel (25) is a straight tube, the first end of the straight tube passes through the lower middle region of the cylindrical tube (24) evenly along the circumferential direction and extends into the cylindrical tube (24), and the second end of the straight tube is flush with the outer wall of the cylindrical tube (24).

7. The high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first partition (213) is an axisymmetric cylindrical structure, consisting of a first cylindrical section, a first conical section, a second cylindrical section, and a second conical section connected coaxially from bottom to top; wherein, the cross-sectional area of ​​the two conical sections gradually decreases from bottom to top.

8. The high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oxidant injection section (3) includes an oxidant chamber (31), an oxidant inlet (32), and an oxidant jet orifice (33); The oxidant chamber (31) is a closed annular chamber, located inside the solid collection chamber (26), and is fitted onto the upper outer wall area of ​​the first partition (213). The upper circular area of ​​the oxidant chamber (31) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the end cap (22). The oxidant inlet (32) is a tubular structure, with one end passing through the outer wall of the outer shell (212) and connected to and communicating with the lower region of the oxidant chamber (31); Located inside the oxidant chamber (31), inside the solid phase jet hole (23), near the end cap (22) with the smallest diameter end, a plurality of oxidant jet holes (33) are uniformly opened along the circumferential direction to spray the oxidant through the oxidant jet hole (33).

9. The high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dual atomization section (4) includes an outer direct current air channel (41), a second separator (42), an inner swirling air channel (43), a central body (44), and a central liquid flow channel (45); The central body (44) is an axisymmetric structure with upper and lower cones and a middle column. A central liquid flow channel (45) is provided in the upper middle region inside the central body, and a nozzle is provided at the top of the central liquid flow channel (45). The first end of the inner liquid flow channel (25) extends into the cylindrical tube (24) and passes through the side wall area of ​​the central body (44), connecting and communicating with the bottom of the central liquid flow channel (45). The central body (44) is fixed in the central area of ​​the cylindrical tube (24) through the inner liquid flow channel (25) and is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical tube (24). The maximum diameter of the central body (44) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube (24) so ​​as to form an outer direct current gas channel (41) between the outer wall of the central body (44) and the inner wall of the cylindrical tube (24). The second partition (42) is an annular body with a right-angled triangular cross section; the cone angle of the inner inclined wall of the second partition (42) is the same as the cone angle of the upper cone of the central body (44). The second partition (42) and the upper cone of the central body (44) are arranged in a corresponding manner to form an inner swirling air channel (43) between the inclined inner wall of the second partition (42) and the inclined outer wall of the upper cone of the central body (44).

10. The high-efficiency gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixed fuel burner as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Inside the inner swirling air channel (43), guide vanes are arranged evenly along the circumference.

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