System and method for waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration

Abstract

The application provides a waste incineration and sludge drying incineration system and method, which comprises a waste inlet arranged on an incinerator, a hot air outlet of an air preheater communicated with the incinerator through a first pipeline, a water inlet arranged on a boiler, a flue gas inlet of the boiler communicated with a flue gas outlet of the incinerator through a second pipeline, a water vapor outlet of the boiler communicated with a medium inlet of the air preheater through a third pipeline, a flue gas outlet of the boiler communicated with a flue gas inlet of a flue gas treatment assembly through a fourth pipeline, a wet sludge inlet and a dried sludge outlet arranged on a sludge dryer, a water vapor inlet of the sludge dryer communicated with the third pipeline through a fifth pipeline, the dried sludge outlet communicated with the waste inlet through a conveying part, and a flue gas outlet of the sludge dryer communicated with the fourth pipeline through a sixth pipeline. The application saves the flue gas treatment cost, realizes harmless treatment of incineration flue gas and sludge drying flue gas and effective utilization of incineration flue gas heat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of environmental protection technology, and in particular to a waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Sludge is a solid sediment produced during water and wastewater treatment processes. It is an extremely complex heterogeneous substance mainly composed of organic debris, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloids, etc. It has characteristics such as high water content (up to 99% or more), high organic matter content, easy decomposition and odor, fine particles, low specific gravity, and a colloidal liquid state. Large and medium-sized cities have high population densities and correspondingly large amounts of sludge. They are typically treated using methods such as co-incineration in cement kilns, anaerobic digestion, aerobic composting, biological treatment, and drying combined with thermal power incineration. However, county-level administrative regions, especially villages and towns, have lower population densities and therefore relatively lower sludge production. In these regions, small-scale incineration facilities are used. However, these small-scale facilities have small furnaces, low sludge volumes, poor thermal stability, and large temperature fluctuations, making it difficult to achieve stable operating conditions. Therefore, county-level administrative regions mainly use electric heating to dehydrate and dry the sludge before sending it to municipal solid waste landfills. The dehydration and drying process requires a large amount of energy, and the sludge contains a large amount of harmful substances. Direct landfilling not only occupies a large amount of land but also poses a risk of environmental pollution.

[0003] In addition, waste mainly includes two categories: industrial waste (such as coal gangue, fly ash, steel slag, blast furnace slag, red mud, plastics, and petroleum waste) and domestic waste (such as kitchen waste, waste plastics, waste paper, broken glass, and metal products). Waste causes land encroachment, clogs rivers and lakes, hinders sanitation, affects the landscape, harms crop growth, and endangers human health. Therefore, timely waste disposal is necessary. Common waste disposal methods include landfill and incineration. Landfilling produces large amounts of acidic and alkaline toxic substances that are difficult to recycle, causing them to seep into the soil and severely pollute soil and water resources, thus endangering human health. Waste incineration, on the other hand, is an environmentally friendly treatment method. Through high-temperature oxidation, it transforms waste into residue or molten solids, achieving volume reduction and harmlessness. Waste incineration has significant advantages, such as significant volume reduction, land saving, elimination of pathogens, and conversion of toxic and harmful substances into harmless substances. Therefore, waste incineration has become one of the main methods of urban waste disposal. Since the temperature of flue gas generated during waste incineration can reach around 850℃, and the sludge drying process requires a high level of energy, there is an urgent need for a waste incineration and sludge drying co-incineration system to avoid wasting the heat generated by the flue gas during waste incineration while simultaneously meeting the high energy requirements of sludge drying. This system can simultaneously achieve the goals of waste incineration and sludge drying incineration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a waste incineration co-processing sludge drying and incineration system and method to solve the technical problems described in the background art above.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system, which includes: An incinerator, wherein the incinerator is provided with a waste inlet, and the incinerator is connected to the hot air outlet of an air preheater through a first pipe; The boiler is provided with a water inlet, the flue gas inlet of the boiler is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator through a second pipe, the steam outlet of the boiler is connected to the medium inlet of the air preheater through a third pipe, and the flue gas outlet of the boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas treatment component through a fourth pipe. The sludge dryer is equipped with a wet sludge inlet and a dried sludge outlet. The steam inlet of the sludge dryer is connected to the third pipe through a fifth pipe. The dried sludge outlet is connected to the waste inlet through a conveying component. The flue gas outlet of the sludge dryer is connected to the fourth pipe through a sixth pipe.

[0006] Optionally, the waste inlet is connected to a first screw conveyor.

[0007] Optionally, a makeup air fan is installed on the first duct.

[0008] Optionally, the water inlet is connected to a water storage tank via a first water supply pipe, and a first circulating water pump is installed on the first water supply pipe.

[0009] Optionally, a bypass pipe is connected to the second pipe, and the end of the bypass pipe away from the second pipe is connected to the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger. The flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the fourth pipe through a seventh pipe. The water inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the pipe body of the first water supply pipe between the first circulating water pump and the water inlet through a second water supply pipe. The water vapor outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the third pipe through an eighth pipe. A first flue gas flow regulating valve is provided on the bypass pipe.

[0010] Optionally, a second flue gas flow regulating valve is provided on the pipe body between the bypass pipe and the boiler.

[0011] Optionally, a second screw conveyor is connected to the wet sludge inlet.

[0012] Optionally, the flue gas treatment assembly includes an adsorption device, a bag filter, and an induced draft fan; The flue gas inlet of the adsorption device is connected to the end of the fourth pipe away from the boiler. The flue gas inlet of the bag filter is connected to the flue gas outlet of the adsorption device through the ninth pipe. The air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the clean air outlet of the bag filter through the exhaust pipe.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a method for co-incineration of waste with sludge drying, applied to any of the above-mentioned waste incineration co-incineration systems, the method comprising: Waste to be incinerated is added into the incinerator through the waste inlet, and hot air heated by the preheater is introduced into the incinerator through the first pipe. The waste to be incinerated is mixed with the hot air and burned in the incinerator to produce high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas is sequentially introduced into the boiler through the flue gas outlet of the incinerator, the second pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the boiler, and exchanges heat with the water introduced into the boiler through the water inlet, thereby reducing the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas. The flue gas is then sequentially introduced into the flue gas treatment component through the flue gas outlet of the boiler, the fourth pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas treatment component. The flue gas treatment component processes the high-temperature flue gas after the temperature has decreased, while the temperature of the water increases and is converted into water vapor. The steam is sequentially introduced into the air preheater through the steam outlet of the boiler and the third pipe, and exchanges heat with the air in the air preheater, thereby heating the air in the air preheater and raising its temperature. The steam is introduced into the sludge dryer through the steam outlet of the boiler, the third pipe, the fifth pipe, and the steam inlet of the sludge dryer. The steam exchanges heat with the wet sludge introduced into the sludge dryer through the wet sludge inlet of the sludge dryer, so that the wet sludge is converted into dried sludge. The dried sludge is sequentially added to the incinerator for incineration through the dried sludge outlet, the conveyor, and the waste inlet. The flue gas generated during the drying process of the dried sludge is sequentially added to the flue gas treatment component through the sixth pipe, the fourth pipe, and the flue gas treatment component's flue gas inlet. The flue gas generated during the drying process of the dried sludge is then treated by the flue gas treatment component.

[0014] Optional, also includes: The high-temperature flue gas is sequentially introduced into the heat exchanger through the flue gas outlet of the incinerator, the second pipe, the bypass pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger. It exchanges heat with the water introduced into the heat exchanger through the water inlet of the heat exchanger, thereby reducing the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas. The flue gas is then sequentially introduced into the flue gas treatment component through the flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger, the seventh pipe, the fourth pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas treatment component. The flue gas is then treated by the flue gas treatment component after the temperature has been reduced. At the same time, the temperature of the water is increased and it is converted into water vapor. The steam is sequentially introduced into the air preheater through the steam outlet of the heat exchanger, the eighth pipe, and the third pipe, where it exchanges heat with the air in the air preheater, thereby heating the air in the air preheater and raising its temperature.

[0015] The waste incineration and sludge drying incineration system provided in this application involves adding waste into the incinerator through the waste inlet, while simultaneously introducing preheated air into the incinerator through a first pipe via an air preheater. The waste and preheated air burn together in the incinerator, generating high-temperature flue gas. This high-temperature flue gas then enters the boiler through a second pipe and exchanges heat with the water inside the boiler. After heat exchange, the water is heated into steam. The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas decreases after heat exchange and enters the flue gas treatment component through a fourth pipe for purification treatment, achieving the harmless emission of the flue gas generated from waste incineration. Meanwhile, the boiler... Part of the steam enters the air preheater through the third pipe and exchanges heat with the air inside, thus heating the air and saving the heat required for the air preheater to heat the air. The other part of the steam in the boiler enters the sludge dryer through the third and fifth pipes in sequence and exchanges heat with the wet sludge inside the sludge dryer, turning the wet sludge into dried sludge. The dried sludge is then transported to the incinerator by a conveyor and burned. The flue gas outlet of the sludge dryer is connected to the fourth pipe through the sixth pipe and treated by the flue gas treatment component to achieve the harmless emission of the flue gas generated during the sludge drying process. Therefore, this application achieves harmless treatment of flue gas generated from waste incineration, wet sludge drying and incineration through the synergistic treatment of waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration, with both sharing a single flue gas treatment component. The heat generated from the flue gas generated from waste incineration provides the energy required for wet sludge drying and the heat required for the air preheater to heat the air, thereby achieving effective utilization of the heat generated from the flue gas generated from waste incineration. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a waste incineration co-processing sludge drying and incineration method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a waste incineration co-processing sludge drying and incineration method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0018] In the diagram: 100, Incinerator; 101, Waste Inlet; 1011, First Screw Conveyor; 102, First Pipeline; 1021, Makeup Air Fan; 200, Air Preheater; 300, Boiler; 301, Water Inlet; 302, Second Pipeline; 3021, Second Flue Gas Flow Regulating Valve; 303, Third Pipeline; 304, Fourth Pipeline; 400, Flue Gas Treatment Components; 401, Adsorption Device; 402, Bag Filter; 4021, Ninth Pipeline; 403, Exhaust Fan; 4031, Vent Duct; 500, Waste Sludge dryer; 501, wet sludge inlet; 5011, second screw conveyor; 502, dried sludge outlet; 503, fifth pipeline; 504, sixth pipeline; 600, conveying component; 700, first water supply pipeline; 701, water storage tank; 7011, first circulating water pump; 800, bypass pipeline; 801, first flue gas flow regulating valve; 900, heat exchanger; 901, seventh pipeline; 902, second water supply pipeline; 9021, second circulating water pump; 903, eighth pipeline; 904, third water supply pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] refer to Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system, comprising: The incinerator 100 is equipped with a waste inlet 101 and is connected to the hot air outlet of the air preheater 200 through a first pipe 102. The waste to be incinerated is added into the incinerator 100 through the waste inlet 101, and the air entering the incinerator 100 is heated by the air preheater 200. This can increase the combustion temperature in the incinerator, increase the combustion reaction rate, improve combustion efficiency, and reduce fuel consumption.

[0021] Boiler 300 is provided with a water inlet 301. The flue gas inlet of boiler 300 is connected to the flue gas outlet of incinerator 100 through a second pipe 302. The steam outlet of boiler 300 is connected to the medium inlet of air preheater 200 through a third pipe 303. The flue gas outlet of boiler 300 is connected to the flue gas inlet of flue gas treatment component 400 through a fourth pipe 304. Boiler 300 is a flue gas waste heat boiler, which refers to a water tube type waste heat boiler with tube bundles installed in a furnace lined with refractory materials. The flue gas temperature generated during the incineration of waste in the incinerator can reach over 850℃, while the temperature of the flue gas treatment component 400 is usually below 250℃. Therefore, the high-temperature flue gas in the incinerator 100 enters the boiler 300 through the second pipe 302, where it exchanges heat with the water entering the boiler 300 through the inlet 301. The water temperature rises after the heat exchange, converting into steam. The steam in the boiler 300 enters the air preheater 200 through the third pipe 303, where it exchanges heat with the air entering the air preheater 200, raising the air temperature and effectively utilizing the heat from the flue gas generated by waste incineration. Furthermore, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas decreases after the heat exchange and enters the flue gas treatment component 400 through the fourth pipe 304, where the flue gas treatment component 400 performs harmless treatment on the heat-exchanged flue gas.

[0022] The sludge dryer 500 is equipped with a wet sludge inlet 501 and a dried sludge outlet 502. The steam inlet of the sludge dryer 500 is connected to the third pipe 303 through the fifth pipe 503. The dried sludge outlet 502 is connected to the garbage inlet 101 through the conveying component 600. The flue gas outlet of the sludge dryer 500 is connected to the fourth pipe 304 through the sixth pipe 504. The fifth pipe 503 connects to the third pipe 303 at one end, which is close to the steam outlet of the boiler 300 (the closer to the steam outlet of the boiler 300, the higher the temperature of the steam, which can evaporate the moisture in the wet sludge more quickly). Some of the steam in the boiler 300 enters the sludge dryer 500 through the third pipe 303 and the fifth pipe 503 in sequence, and exchanges heat with the wet sludge entering the sludge dryer 500 from the wet sludge inlet 501 (the heat exchange process mainly evaporates the moisture in the wet sludge, usually above 100°C). During the heat exchange process, the wet sludge is heated and dried. The dried sludge is conveyed to the incinerator 100 for incineration via the conveyor 600, realizing the incineration treatment of the sludge. The flue gas generated by the drying of the sludge shares a set of flue gas treatment components 400 with the flue gas generated during the drying of the wet sludge, saving flue gas treatment costs and realizing the harmless treatment of the flue gas generated by waste incineration, the flue gas generated by the drying of wet sludge, and the flue gas generated during the incineration of dried sludge. In addition, the conveyor 600 can be a screw conveyor or belt conveyor, etc., used to transport the dried sludge to the waste inlet 101.

[0023] The waste incineration and sludge drying incineration system provided in this application involves adding waste into the incinerator 100 through the waste inlet 101, while simultaneously introducing preheated air into the incinerator 100 via the first pipe 102 through the air preheater 200. The waste and preheated air incinerate in the incinerator 100, generating high-temperature flue gas. This high-temperature flue gas enters the boiler 300 through the second pipe 302 and exchanges heat with the water inside the boiler 300. After heat exchange, the water is heated into steam. The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas decreases after heat exchange and enters the flue gas treatment component 400 through the fourth pipe 304 for purification treatment, achieving harmless emission of the flue gas generated from waste incineration. A portion of the steam from the boiler 300 enters the air preheater through the third pipe 303. The steam inside the boiler 300 exchanges heat with the air inside the air preheater 200, thus heating the air and saving the heat required for the air preheater 200 to heat the air. Meanwhile, another part of the steam inside the boiler 300 enters the sludge dryer 500 through the third pipe 303 and the fifth pipe 503 to exchange heat with the wet sludge inside the sludge dryer 500 (wherein, the wet sludge is generated by the county-level administrative region in the process of water and sewage treatment), so that the wet sludge is converted into dried sludge. Then, the dried sludge is transported to the incinerator 100 through the conveyor 600 for incineration. The flue gas outlet of the sludge dryer 500 is connected to the fourth pipe 304 through the sixth pipe 504 and treated by the flue gas treatment component 400 to achieve the harmless emission of the flue gas generated in the sludge drying process.

[0024] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this application, the waste inlet 101 is connected to a first screw conveyor 1011. The outlet of the first screw conveyor 1011 is connected to the waste inlet 101. Waste enters the first screw conveyor 1011 through its inlet and is then conveyed to the incinerator 100. The specifications and model of the first screw conveyor 1011 can be set according to actual needs; therefore, this application does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0025] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this application, a makeup air fan 1021 is provided on the first pipe 102. The makeup air fan 1021 provides the power for the preheated air in the air preheater 200 to enter the incinerator 100. That is, the makeup air fan 1021 quickly adds the preheated air in the air preheater 200 to the incinerator 100, thereby improving the combustion efficiency in the incinerator 100.

[0026] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In this application, the water inlet 301 is connected to a water storage tank 701 via a first water supply pipe 700, and a first circulating water pump 7011 is installed on the first water supply pipe 700. The water storage tank 701 continuously and stably supplies water to the boiler 300, while the first circulating water pump 701 provides the power for the water in the water storage tank 701 to enter the boiler 300 through the first water supply pipe 700, thus improving water supply efficiency.

[0027] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this application, a bypass pipe 800 is connected to the second pipe 302. The end of the bypass pipe 800 away from the second pipe 302 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger 900. The flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger 900 is connected to the fourth pipe 304 through the seventh pipe 901. The water inlet of the heat exchanger 900 is connected to the pipe body of the first water supply pipe 700 between the first circulating water pump 7011 and the water inlet 301 through the second water supply pipe 902. The water vapor outlet of the heat exchanger 900 is connected to the third pipe 303 through the eighth pipe 903. A first flue gas flow regulating valve 801 is provided on the bypass pipe 800. After the sludge drying process is completed, to ensure the normal operation of the waste incineration process, heat exchanger 900 exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas generated by incinerator 100 to cool the flue gas after incineration. The cooled flue gas is then introduced into fourth pipe 304 through seventh pipe 901 and then into flue gas treatment component 400 for treatment. The heat exchange medium in heat exchanger 900 is water, which flows into heat exchanger 900 through water storage tank 701, first water supply pipe 700 and second water supply pipe 902. After heat exchange between water and flue gas in heat exchanger 900, the water is heated into water vapor and enters air preheater 200 through eighth pipe 903 and third pipe 303 to exchange heat with the air in air preheater 200, thus realizing the effective utilization of the heat of flue gas discharged from incinerator 100. In addition, a second circulating water pump 9021 is installed on the second water supply pipeline 902, and the operation of the heat exchanger 900 is controlled by the opening and closing of the second circulating water pump 9021.

[0028] Optional, see reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The condensate outlet of the air preheater 200 is connected to the first water supply pipe 700 through the third water supply pipe 904 to realize the recycling of water.

[0029] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In this application, the second pipe 302 is equipped with a second flue gas flow regulating valve 3021 on the pipe body between the bypass pipe 800 and the boiler 300. The opening and closing of the second flue gas flow regulating valve 3021 and the opening degree control the flow rate and the amount of high-temperature flue gas from the incinerator 100 into the boiler 300 through the second pipe 302, making the flow rate of flue gas entering the boiler 300 more precise.

[0030] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this application, a second screw conveyor 501 is connected to the wet sludge inlet 501. The outlet of the second screw conveyor 5011 is connected to the wet sludge inlet 501. The wet sludge enters the second screw conveyor 5011 through its inlet and is then conveyed to the sludge dryer 500. The specifications and model of the second screw conveyor 5011 can be set according to actual needs; therefore, this application does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0031] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The flue gas treatment component 400 in this application includes an adsorption device 401, a bag filter 402, and an induced draft fan 403. Specifically, the flue gas inlet of the adsorption device 401 is connected to the end of the fourth pipe 304 away from the boiler 300, the flue gas inlet of the bag filter 402 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the adsorption device 401 through the ninth pipe 4021, and the air inlet of the induced draft fan 403 is connected to the clean air outlet of the bag filter 402 through the exhaust pipe 4031. The adsorption device 401 can be an activated carbon filter box, which adsorbs harmful substances such as anthraquinone and heavy metal ions in the flue gas through activated carbon. The flue gas generated from waste incineration, sludge drying, and dried sludge incineration all enter the adsorption device 401 through the ninth pipe 4021. The adsorption device 401 adsorbs the harmful substances in the flue gas. The flue gas after adsorption treatment enters the bag filter 402 through the flue gas outlet of the adsorption device 401, the fourth pipe 304, and the flue gas inlet of the bag filter 402. The bag filter 402 separates the gas and solid in the flue gas, realizing the harmless treatment of the flue gas. The induced draft fan 403 accelerates the flow of flue gas, thereby improving the flue gas treatment efficiency.

[0032] This application provides a method for co-incineration of waste with sludge drying and incineration, referencing... Figure 4 The method includes: S1001. Waste to be incinerated is added to the incinerator 100 through the waste inlet 101, and hot air heated by the preheater 200 is introduced into the incinerator 100 through the first pipe 102. The waste to be incinerated mixes with the hot air and burns in the incinerator 100 to produce high-temperature flue gas. The air preheater 200 typically heats the air temperature to between 190℃ and 210℃. By heating the air entering the incinerator 100 through the air preheater 200, the combustion temperature in the incinerator 100 is increased, the combustion reaction rate is increased, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the fuel consumption is reduced.

[0033] S1002, high-temperature flue gas is sequentially introduced into the boiler 300 through the flue gas outlet of the incinerator 100, the second pipe 302, and the flue gas inlet of the boiler 300. It exchanges heat with water introduced into the boiler 300 through the water inlet 301, causing the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas to decrease. The flue gas is then sequentially introduced into the flue gas treatment component 400 through the flue gas outlet of the boiler 300, the fourth pipe 304, and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas treatment component 400. The flue gas treatment component 400 processes the cooled high-temperature flue gas, while the water temperature increases and is converted into... Steam; Boiler 300 is a flue gas waste heat boiler. After the high-temperature flue gas with a temperature of over 80°C from the incinerator 100 exchanges heat with the water in the boiler 300, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas decreases to below 250°C, while the temperature of the water in the boiler 300 increases and is converted into steam. The temperature of the steam can reach as high as 170°C-180°C. The flue gas treatment component 400 removes harmful substances such as heavy metals and anthraquinones from the flue gas, thereby reducing the pollution of the environment caused by the flue gas emissions and reducing the harm caused by the flue gas to the environment.

[0034] S1003, steam is sequentially introduced into the air preheater 200 through the steam outlet of boiler 300 and the third pipe 303, and exchanges heat with the air in the air preheater 200, thereby heating the air in the air preheater 200 and raising its temperature. In this way, the heat in the high-temperature flue gas generated by waste incineration is used to exchange heat with the air entering the air preheater 200, thereby raising the air temperature and minimizing the need for additional heat sources to heat the air entering the air preheater 200, thus reducing the demand for additional heat sources and effectively utilizing the heat in the high-temperature flue gas generated by waste incineration.

[0035] S1004. Steam is introduced into the sludge dryer 500 through the steam outlet of boiler 300, third pipe 303, fifth pipe 503, and steam inlet of sludge dryer 500. This steam exchanges heat with the wet sludge introduced into the sludge dryer 500 through the wet sludge inlet 501, transforming the wet sludge into dried sludge. Drying wet sludge into dried sludge essentially involves drying the moisture in the wet sludge. While water drying requires a temperature of 100℃, steam can reach temperatures as high as 170℃-180℃. When the amount of steam is relatively large and the amount of wet sludge is relatively small, in order to avoid wasting the heat of the steam, a portion of the heat of the steam is used to exchange heat with the air entering the air preheater 200, thereby reducing the demand for additional heat sources for heat exchange with the air entering the air preheater 200. Another portion is used to dry the wet sludge (the wet sludge is dried into dried sludge, and the moisture content of the dried sludge is less than 30% of the moisture content of the wet sludge), thereby providing the heat required for drying the wet sludge, thus making full use of the heat of the steam and improving the heat utilization rate of the steam.

[0036] S1005, the dried sludge is sequentially added to the incinerator 100 for incineration through the dried sludge outlet 502, the conveyor 600 and the waste inlet 101. The flue gas generated during the drying process of the dried sludge is sequentially added to the flue gas treatment component 400 through the sixth pipe 504, the fourth pipe 304 and the flue gas treatment component 400 flue gas inlet. The flue gas generated during the drying process of the dried sludge is treated by the flue gas treatment component 400. In this process, dried sludge is conveyed to the incinerator 100 via conveyor 600. Dried sludge is easier to burn than wet sludge, achieving thorough sludge treatment. However, the flue gas generated during the drying process contains pollutants such as heavy metals. Therefore, the flue gas generated during the drying process is introduced into the flue gas treatment component 400 via the sixth pipe 504, the fourth pipe 304, and the flue gas treatment component 400 inlet. The flue gas treatment component 400 treats the flue gas generated during the wet sludge drying process, allowing it to share a single flue gas treatment component 400 with the waste incineration process. This reduces the cost of dried sludge treatment and also enables the harmless treatment and emission of the flue gas generated during the wet sludge drying process.

[0037] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 After performing S1001, this application performs S1002 on a portion of the high-temperature flue gas and S1006 on another portion of the high-temperature flue gas: S1006. High-temperature flue gas is sequentially introduced into heat exchanger 900 through the flue gas outlet of incinerator 100, second pipe 302, bypass pipe 800, and flue gas inlet of heat exchanger 900. It exchanges heat with water introduced into heat exchanger 900 through inlet, causing the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas to decrease. The flue gas is then sequentially introduced into flue gas treatment component 400 through the flue gas outlet of heat exchanger 900, seventh pipe 901, fourth pipe 304, and flue gas inlet of flue gas treatment component 400. The flue gas treatment component 400 treats the cooled high-temperature flue gas, while the water temperature increases and converts into water vapor. Meanwhile, in the sludge... After the drying process is completed, meaning that no further treatment of the wet sludge is required, the incinerator 100 still generates high-temperature flue gas. Therefore, to ensure the normal operation of the waste incineration process, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator 100 exchanges heat with the water entering the heat exchanger 900 through the inlet. This cools the flue gas after incineration to below 250°C. The cooled flue gas is then introduced into the fourth pipe 304 through the seventh pipe 901, and then into the flue gas treatment component 400 for treatment, thus achieving the harmless emission of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator.

[0038] S1007. Water vapor is sequentially introduced into the air preheater 200 through the steam outlet of heat exchanger 900, the eighth pipe 903, and the third pipe 303, where it exchanges heat with the air in the air preheater 200, thus heating the air and raising its temperature. Specifically, after heat exchange between water and flue gas in heat exchanger 900, the water is heated into steam and enters the air preheater 200 through the eighth pipe 903 and the third pipe 303 to exchange heat with the air in the air preheater 200, achieving effective utilization of the heat from the flue gas discharged from incinerator 100.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system, characterized in that, include: An incinerator (100) is provided with a waste inlet (101), and the incinerator (100) is connected to the hot air outlet of an air preheater (200) through a first pipe (102); A boiler (300) is provided with a water inlet (301). The flue gas inlet of the boiler (300) is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator (100) through a second pipe (302). The steam outlet of the boiler (300) is connected to the medium inlet of the air preheater (200) through a third pipe (303). The flue gas outlet of the boiler (300) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas treatment component (400) through a fourth pipe (304). A sludge dryer (500) is provided with a wet sludge inlet (501) and a dried sludge outlet (502). The steam inlet of the sludge dryer (500) is connected to the third pipe (303) through the fifth pipe (503). The dried sludge outlet (502) is connected to the garbage inlet (101) through the conveying component (600). The flue gas outlet of the sludge dryer (500) is connected to the fourth pipe (304) through the sixth pipe (504). The water inlet (301) is connected to a water storage tank (701) through a first water supply pipe (700), and a first circulating water pump (7011) is installed on the first water supply pipe (700). A bypass pipe (800) is connected to the second pipe (302). The end of the bypass pipe (800) away from the second pipe (302) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger (900). The flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger (900) is connected to the fourth pipe (304) through the seventh pipe (901). The water inlet of the heat exchanger (900) is connected to the first water supply pipe (700) through the second water supply pipe (902) on the pipe body between the first circulating water pump (7011) and the water inlet (301). The water vapor outlet of the heat exchanger (900) is connected to the third pipe (303) through the eighth pipe (903). A first flue gas flow regulating valve (801) is provided on the bypass pipe (800). The second pipe (302) is provided with a second flue gas flow regulating valve (3021) on the pipe body between the bypass pipe (800) and the boiler (300).

2. The waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste inlet (101) is connected to a first screw conveyor (1011).

3. The waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A makeup air fan (1021) is installed on the first pipe (102).

4. The waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wet sludge inlet (501) is connected to a second screw conveyor (5011).

5. The waste incineration and sludge drying and incineration system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The flue gas treatment assembly (400) includes an adsorption device (401), a bag filter (402), and an induced draft fan (403). The flue gas inlet of the adsorption device (401) is connected to the end of the fourth pipe (304) away from the boiler (300). The flue gas inlet of the bag filter (402) is connected to the flue gas outlet of the adsorption device (401) through the ninth pipe (4021). The air inlet of the induced draft fan (403) is connected to the clean air outlet of the bag filter (402) through the exhaust pipe (4031).

6. A method for co-incinerating waste with sludge drying, characterized in that, The method applied to the waste incineration co-processing sludge drying and incineration system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising: Waste to be incinerated is added into the incinerator through the waste inlet, and hot air heated by the preheater is introduced into the incinerator through the first pipe. The waste to be incinerated is mixed with the hot air and burned in the incinerator to produce high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas is sequentially introduced into the boiler through the flue gas outlet of the incinerator, the second pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the boiler, and exchanges heat with the water introduced into the boiler through the water inlet, thereby reducing the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas. The flue gas is then sequentially introduced into the flue gas treatment component through the flue gas outlet of the boiler, the fourth pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas treatment component. The flue gas treatment component processes the high-temperature flue gas after the temperature has decreased, while the temperature of the water increases and is converted into water vapor. The steam is sequentially introduced into the air preheater through the steam outlet of the boiler and the third pipe, and exchanges heat with the air in the air preheater, thereby heating the air in the air preheater and raising its temperature. The steam is introduced into the sludge dryer through the steam outlet of the boiler, the third pipe, the fifth pipe, and the steam inlet of the sludge dryer. The steam exchanges heat with the wet sludge introduced into the sludge dryer through the wet sludge inlet of the sludge dryer, so that the wet sludge is converted into dried sludge. The dried sludge is sequentially added to the incinerator for incineration through the dried sludge outlet, the conveyor, and the waste inlet. The flue gas generated during the drying process of the dried sludge is sequentially added to the flue gas treatment component through the sixth pipe, the fourth pipe, and the flue gas treatment component's flue gas inlet. The flue gas generated during the drying process of the dried sludge is then treated by the flue gas treatment component.

7. The waste incineration co-processing sludge drying and incineration method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The high-temperature flue gas is sequentially introduced into the heat exchanger through the flue gas outlet of the incinerator, the second pipe, the bypass pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger. It exchanges heat with the water introduced into the heat exchanger through the water inlet of the heat exchanger, thereby reducing the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas. The flue gas is then sequentially introduced into the flue gas treatment component through the flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger, the seventh pipe, the fourth pipe, and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas treatment component. The flue gas is then treated by the flue gas treatment component after the temperature has been reduced. At the same time, the temperature of the water is increased and it is converted into water vapor. The steam is sequentially introduced into the air preheater through the steam outlet of the heat exchanger, the eighth pipe, and the third pipe, where it exchanges heat with the air in the air preheater, thereby heating the air in the air preheater and raising its temperature.

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