Communication method, system, device and medium for low earth orbit satellite and terminal

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of low-orbit satellite and the communication method of terminal, system, equipment and medium, belong to satellite mobile communication technical field.The method comprises: when low-orbit satellite runs to first position, based on initial radio bearer resource and initial physical channel, receive and analyze the first transmission data that terminal sends in first time, obtain corresponding terminal characteristic information;Terminal characteristic information is input into pre-trained prediction model and is processed to obtain predicted block error rate;Based on predicted block error rate, determine target radio bearer resource and target physical channel;When low-orbit satellite runs to second position, based on target radio bearer resource and target physical channel, receive the second transmission data that terminal sends in second time, wherein, first position and second position are different.The application can improve the efficiency of determining radio resource and physical channel, to improve the stability and reliability of communication between low-orbit satellite and terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of satellite mobile communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, system, device and medium between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal. Background Technology

[0002] Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites play a crucial role in global communication and navigation / positioning. In related technologies, LEO satellites transmit Quality of Service (QoS) parameters to ground control stations, which then determine radio resources and physical channels based on the QoS, enabling data transmission between LEO satellites and terminals.

[0003] However, due to factors such as the Earth's surface environment, electromagnetic interference, and frequent changes in physical channels, the QoS of ground control stations cannot be updated in a timely manner, thus affecting the stability and reliability of communication between low-orbit satellites and terminals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to propose a communication method, system, device, and medium between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, which can improve the efficiency of determining wireless resources and physical channels, thereby improving the stability and reliability of communication between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application proposes a communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, which is applied to a low-Earth orbit satellite. The low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal are communicatively connected, and the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal include multiple selectable wireless bearer resources and physical channels when transmitting data.

[0006] The communication method between the low-orbit satellite and the terminal includes:

[0007] When the low-orbit satellite reaches the first position, an initial radio bearer resource and an initial physical channel are determined from a plurality of radio bearer resources and a plurality of physical channels;

[0008] Based on the initial wireless bearer resources and the initial physical channel, the first transmission data sent by the terminal at the first moment is received and parsed to obtain the corresponding terminal feature information;

[0009] The terminal feature information is input into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time.

[0010] Based on the predicted block error rate, the target radio bearer resource and the target physical channel are re-determined from the plurality of radio bearer resources and the plurality of physical channels;

[0011] When the low-orbit satellite reaches the second position, it receives the second transmission data sent by the terminal at the second moment, based on the target wireless bearer resources and the target physical channel, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

[0012] In some embodiments, the low-orbit satellite and the terminal are also connected to a ground control station;

[0013] The step of receiving and parsing the first transmitted data sent by the terminal at a first moment to obtain the corresponding terminal feature information includes:

[0014] The terminal periodically receives terminal location information and climate data information sent by the ground control station.

[0015] Parse the first transmitted data to obtain the terminal identity identifier and the quality of service flow identifier of the terminal;

[0016] Based on the service quality flow identifier, determine the corresponding service quality parameters;

[0017] Based on the terminal identity identifier, the service quality flow identifier, the service quality parameters, the terminal location information, and the climate data information, the terminal feature information corresponding to the first transmitted data is obtained.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of inputting the terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all the radio bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at a second time includes:

[0019] The terminal feature information is input into the prediction model, and feature extraction is performed on the terminal feature information based on the prediction model to obtain the terminal feature information after feature extraction.

[0020] Based on the terminal feature information after feature extraction, prediction processing is performed to obtain the predicted block error rate of all wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time.

[0021] In some embodiments, the step of re-determining the target radio bearer resource and the target physical channel from the plurality of radio bearer resources and the plurality of physical channels based on the predicted block error rate includes:

[0022] When the predicted block error rate is less than a preset block error rate threshold, the radio bearer resource and the physical channel corresponding to the predicted block error rate are determined as candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels;

[0023] Based on the predicted block error rate, the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel are determined; or...

[0024] Based on the preset priority order of each of the candidate physical channels, the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channels are determined;

[0025] If the target radio bearer resources and / or the target physical channel cannot meet the communication requirements, the target radio bearer resources and / or the target physical channel shall be re-determined from the remaining candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels according to the predicted block error rate.

[0026] In some embodiments, the prediction model is trained through the following steps, the steps including:

[0027] Obtain a preset sample transmission dataset, which includes multiple sample transmission data, each of which includes a corresponding block error rate label;

[0028] Random sample transmission data is selected from the sample transmission dataset and input into the prediction model to obtain the predicted sample error rate;

[0029] The block error rate loss value of the prediction model is calculated based on the block error rate label and the sample block error rate.

[0030] The parameters of the prediction model are adjusted based on the block error rate loss value to obtain the trained prediction model.

[0031] In some embodiments, the prediction model includes a first prediction layer and a second prediction layer, and the predicted sample error rate includes a first sample error rate and a second sample error rate.

[0032] The step of selecting any sample transmission data from the sample transmission dataset and inputting it into the prediction model to obtain the predicted sample block error rate includes:

[0033] The sample transmission data is input into the first prediction layer to obtain the first sample block error rate, and the sample transmission data is input into the second prediction layer to obtain the second sample block error rate;

[0034] Calculate the variance between the error block rate label and the error block rates of the first and second samples to obtain the prediction error value;

[0035] Based on the prediction error value, the first prediction weight and the second prediction weight corresponding to the first prediction layer and the second prediction layer are obtained by using the inverse variance method.

[0036] Multiply the first prediction weight and the first sample block error rate to obtain a first multiplier value, multiply the second prediction weight and the second sample block error rate to obtain a second multiplier value, and add the first multiplier value and the second multiplier value to obtain the sample block error rate.

[0037] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application proposes a communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, applied to a terminal, wherein the terminal is communicatively connected to a low-Earth orbit satellite, and the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal include multiple selectable wireless bearer resources and physical channels when transmitting data.

[0038] The communication method between the low-orbit satellite and the terminal includes:

[0039] When the low-orbit satellite reaches the first position, the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel are determined based on the initial information sent by the low-orbit satellite.

[0040] Based on the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, first transmission data is sent to the low-Earth orbit satellite at the first moment, so that the low-Earth orbit satellite receives and parses the first transmission data to obtain the corresponding terminal feature information, and predicts the target radio bearer resources and target physical channel corresponding to the second moment based on the terminal feature information.

[0041] Based on the target information transmitted by the low-orbit satellite, the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel are obtained;

[0042] When the low-orbit satellite reaches the second position, based on the target wireless bearer resources and the target physical channel, the second transmission data is sent to the low-orbit satellite at the second moment, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

[0043] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides a communication system between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, the communication system comprising:

[0044] An initial module is configured to determine an initial radio bearer resource and an initial physical channel from a plurality of radio bearer resources and a plurality of physical channels when the low-orbit satellite reaches a first position;

[0045] The first transmission module is used to receive and parse the first transmission data sent by the terminal at the first moment based on the initial wireless bearer resources and the initial physical channel, and obtain the corresponding terminal feature information.

[0046] The prediction module is used to input the terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all the wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time.

[0047] The target module is configured to re-determine the target radio bearer resource and the target physical channel from the plurality of radio bearer resources and the plurality of physical channels based on the predicted block error rate;

[0048] The second transmission module is used to receive second transmission data sent by the terminal at the second moment when the low-orbit satellite moves to the second position, based on the target wireless bearer resources and the target physical channel, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

[0049] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of this application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal as described in the first aspect embodiment, or the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal as described in the second aspect embodiment.

[0050] To achieve the above objectives, a fifth aspect of the present application provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal as described in the first aspect embodiment, or the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal as described in the second aspect embodiment.

[0051] This application provides a communication method, system, device, and medium between a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a terminal. The method includes: when the LEO satellite reaches a first position, determining initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels; based on the initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels, receiving and parsing first transmission data sent by the terminal at a first moment to obtain corresponding terminal feature information; inputting the terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block error rate of data transmission by all radio bearer resources on different physical channels at a second moment; based on the prediction block error rate, re-determining target radio bearer resources and target physical channels from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels; when the LEO satellite reaches a second position, receiving second transmission data sent by the terminal at a second moment based on the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

[0052] The embodiments of this application include at least the following beneficial effects: Compared with the related technologies, which require sending quality of service policy parameters to the ground every time, this application can reduce the number of data transmissions between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the ground to determine the relevant transmission path. It avoids the problem of poor communication quality between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal caused by the failure to deliver the quality of service policy parameters in a timely manner due to the influence of factors such as the Earth's surface environment, electromagnetic interference, and frequent changes in physical channels. It improves the efficiency of determining radio resources and physical channels, thereby improving the stability and reliability of communication between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a communication system between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 2 This is an optional flowchart of a communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, which is an optional method for communication between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in this application embodiment.

[0056] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A flowchart of an implementation of step S102 in the process;

[0057] Figure 5 This is an optional mapping diagram of the communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Another implementation flowchart of step S102 in the process;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an optional prediction model for the communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an optional prediction model for the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0061] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 A flowchart of an implementation of step S104 in the process;

[0062] Figure 10 This is another optional flowchart of the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 11 yes Figure 10A flowchart of an implementation of step S502 in the process;

[0064] Figure 12 This is another optional flowchart of the communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of an optional system functional module of the communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0066] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0069] First, let's analyze some of the terms used in this application:

[0070] Quality of Service (QoS) is a metric for measuring and managing the priority, reliability, and performance of different applications and traffic within a network.

[0071] Radio bearer resources include signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). SRBs are primarily used to carry control plane signaling information, such as RRC (Radio Resource Control) messages, while DRBs are mainly used to transmit user data, such as video streams, web page data, and communication message data.

[0072] Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites play a crucial role in global communication and navigation / positioning. In related technologies, LEO satellites send Quality of Service (QoS) data to ground control stations, which then determine radio resources and physical channels based on the QoS, enabling data transmission between LEO satellites and terminals.

[0073] However, due to factors such as the Earth's surface environment, electromagnetic interference, and frequent changes in physical channels, the QoS of ground control stations cannot be updated in a timely manner, thus affecting the stability and reliability of communication between low-orbit satellites and terminals.

[0074] To better understand the relevant background of this application, the background will be explained in detail below.

[0075] Compared to medium and high orbit satellites, low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are characterized by their lower orbits, resulting in faster changes in their relative position with the terminal. Generally, an LEO satellite can orbit the Earth once in 90 minutes to 2 hours. Under these circumstances, the constantly changing position of the LEO satellite means that communication between the LEO satellite and the terminal cannot be limited to a single wireless bearer resource and physical channel. Instead, it requires switching between corresponding wireless bearer resources and physical channels at different locations to ensure high-quality communication between the LEO satellite and the terminal.

[0076] Furthermore, low-Earth orbit satellites and terminals have multiple selectable radio bearer resources and physical channels when transmitting data. For example, when a terminal performs real-time call tasks and download transmission tasks, for real-time call tasks, high-frequency radio bearer resources and physical channels can be selected to meet the requirements of high-quality real-time calls, while for download transmission tasks that are not so real-time, low-frequency radio bearer resources and physical channels can be selected to allocate transmission resources reasonably.

[0077] Furthermore, QoS can typically be used to determine wireless bearer resources and physical channels. Specifically, due to limitations in hardware, bandwidth, and other conditions, the computing power of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites is usually relatively limited. Therefore, in related technologies, LEO satellites need to send QoS to ground control stations. The ground control station then calculates and determines the wireless bearer resources and physical channels between the terminal and the LEO satellite based on the QoS, and then informs the terminal and the LEO satellite of the relevant information so that the terminal and the LEO satellite can communicate based on the determined wireless bearer resources and physical channels.

[0078] However, communication between the terminal and low-Earth orbit satellites is subject to various interferences, such as electromagnetic interference, solar interference, and weather and climate interference in different regions. As a result, when the QoS cannot be sent to the ground control station in a timely manner due to these factors, it is impossible to determine the updated wireless bearer resources and physical channels in time. Consequently, the stability and reliability of communication between the terminal and low-Earth orbit satellites are affected.

[0079] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, system, device, and medium between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal. The method includes: when the low-Earth orbit satellite reaches a first position, determining initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels; based on the initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels, receiving and parsing first transmission data sent by the terminal at a first moment to obtain corresponding terminal feature information; inputting the terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block error rate of all radio bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at a second moment; based on the prediction block error rate, re-determining target radio bearer resources and target physical channels from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels; when the low-Earth orbit satellite reaches a second position, receiving second transmission data sent by the terminal at a second moment based on the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

[0080] The embodiments of this application include at least the following beneficial effects: Compared with the related technologies, which require sending quality of service policy parameters to the ground every time, this application can reduce the number of data transmissions between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the ground to determine the relevant transmission path. It avoids the problem of poor communication quality between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal caused by the failure to deliver the quality of service policy parameters in a timely manner due to the influence of factors such as the Earth's surface environment, electromagnetic interference, and frequent changes in physical channels. It improves the efficiency of determining radio resources and physical channels, thereby improving the stability and reliability of communication between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal.

[0081] The communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in this application can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running on either a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, desktop computer, etc.; the server can be configured as an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms; the software can be an application that implements the communication method between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal, but is not limited to the above forms.

[0082] This application can be used in a wide variety of general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices. This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0083] It should be noted that in all specific embodiments of this application, when information related to user identity or characteristics, such as user information and user location information, is required, the user's permission or consent will be obtained first. Furthermore, the collection, use, and processing of this data will comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards. In addition, when embodiments of this application require the acquisition of sensitive personal information of users, the user's separate permission or consent will be obtained first. Only after obtaining the user's separate permission or consent will the necessary first transmission data, second transmission data, and other related data required for the normal operation of the embodiments of this application be acquired.

[0084] The communication method, system, and device between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in this application are specifically described through the following embodiments. First, the communication system between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal in this application embodiment is described:

[0085] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a communication system between a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a terminal, provided in an embodiment of this application. The system includes a terminal 11, a LEO satellite 12, and a server 13. For example, the terminal 11 can be a mobile phone. The terminal 11 communicates with the LEO satellite 12. A ground control station is also provided, and the server 13 is located within the ground control station. The server 13 stores data related to the communication between the terminal 11 and the LEO satellite 12, such as the terminal device identifier of the terminal 11 and the location information corresponding to each terminal 11, to better facilitate communication between the terminal 11 and the LEO satellite 12. It should be noted that one server 13 can communicate with multiple terminals 11, but when a terminal 11 moves to different locations, it can also connect to different servers 13. The specific connection configuration can be set according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0086] The communication method between the low-orbit satellite and the terminal in this application embodiment can be described through the following embodiments.

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is an optional flowchart of the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S101 to S105.

[0088] Step S101: When the low-orbit satellite reaches the first position, determine the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels.

[0089] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is an optional schematic diagram of the relative positions of a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal in the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. When the low-Earth orbit satellite (which may also be referred to as "satellite" for ease of description) moves to the first position, the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel can be determined first from a plurality of selectable radio bearer resources and physical channels.

[0090] Furthermore, when determining the initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels, the QoS can be sent to the ground control station according to the methods adopted in related technologies. The ground control station then determines the corresponding initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels. The purpose is to first establish a communication connection between the satellite and the terminal for subsequent data transmission operations. Afterward, based on the transmitted data, the satellite-terminal communication method provided in the embodiments of this application can be used to quickly determine the radio bearer resources and physical channels at the next moment.

[0091] Step S102: Based on the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, receive and parse the first transmission data sent by the terminal at the first moment to obtain the corresponding terminal feature information.

[0092] In some embodiments, after determining the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, the first transmission data sent by the terminal can be received based on the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, wherein the first transmission data may be text data, voice data, or image data.

[0093] Furthermore, since the first transmitted data carries terminal-related information, when the satellite receives this first transmitted data, it can parse it to obtain the corresponding terminal characteristic information. This terminal characteristic information characterizes the terminal's identity, location, and security authentication information during the transmission of the first transmitted data. Through this terminal characteristic information, the satellite can understand the terminal's data reception and transmission capabilities, required transmission parameters, and prevailing weather conditions during the transmission of the first transmitted data. This allows the satellite to predict the radio bearer resources and physical channels for the next moment based on the terminal characteristic information from the previous moment.

[0094] Step S103: Input the terminal feature information into the pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time.

[0095] In some embodiments, when the satellite moves to such a position Figure 3 In the second position shown, the relative positions of the satellite and the terminal change, and the Earth's surface conditions between them also change. The initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels used when the satellite was in the first position are no longer applicable in the second position. The satellite has a pre-trained prediction model that can perform prediction processing based on terminal feature information, outputting the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels that enable optimal communication between the satellite and the terminal when the satellite is in the second position.

[0096] Furthermore, after inputting the terminal feature information into the prediction model, the predicted block error rate (BLER) of all radio bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time (corresponding to the second position) is obtained. Here, BLER represents the probability of errors occurring in the received data blocks under specific conditions, and can be used to evaluate the reliability and performance of wireless communication. Therefore, based on the predicted block error rate of each radio bearer resource transmitting data on different physical channels, the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel at the next time (corresponding to the second time) can be quickly determined.

[0097] Step S104: Based on the predicted block error rate, re-determine the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels.

[0098] In some embodiments, the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel can be re-determined from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels based on the predicted block error rate.

[0099] For example, the prediction model can output the predicted block error rate for each radio bearer resource to transmit data on different physical channels, and can select the radio bearer resource and physical channel corresponding to the minimum predicted block error rate as the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel.

[0100] Step S105: When the low-orbit satellite reaches the second position, based on the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel, the receiving terminal sends the second transmission data at the second moment, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

[0101] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first position and the second position are different. When the satellite moves to the second position, it can quickly determine the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels for data transmission based on the above steps S101 to S104. In this way, the satellite can receive the second transmission data sent by the terminal or send the second transmission data to the terminal based on the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels.

[0102] It is understood that the satellite-terminal communication method provided in this application does not require the satellite to send QoS to the ground control station to determine the radio bearer resources and physical channels corresponding to the next moment. Instead, after obtaining the terminal characteristic information related to the terminal, the satellite can directly determine the radio bearer resources and physical channels corresponding to the next moment. In this way, the number of data transmissions between the satellite and the terminal to determine the relevant transmission path is reduced, the efficiency of determining the radio bearer resources and physical channels is improved, and the stability and reliability of communication between the satellite and the terminal are enhanced.

[0103] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A flowchart of an implementation of step S102 is provided. In some embodiments, step S102 may include steps S201 to S204:

[0104] Step S201: Periodically receive terminal location information and climate data information sent by the ground control station.

[0105] In some embodiments, the low-orbit satellite and the terminal are also connected to a ground control station. The ground control station can periodically send the terminal's location information to the satellite. The terminal location information is used to inform the satellite of the terminal's location so that the satellite can select the best communication resources based on the terminal's location.

[0106] Furthermore, with the terminal's location information stored, the ground control station can determine the climate data of the terminal's location by connecting to a third-party service. Similarly, the ground control station can periodically send climate data to the satellite, allowing the satellite to select the optimal communication resources based on the climate factors at the terminal's location.

[0107] Furthermore, the climate data information may include one or more of temperature, air pressure, humidity, clouds, precipitation, visibility and wind speed, or other relevant climate data information. The specific settings can be made according to the actual situation, and the embodiments of this application do not impose specific limitations.

[0108] Step S202: Parse the first transmitted data to obtain the terminal's terminal identity identifier and service quality flow identifier.

[0109] In some embodiments, the satellite can parse the first transmission data sent by the terminal and obtain the terminal identity identifier and the Quality of Service Flow Identifier (QFI) after parsing. The terminal identity identifier is used to characterize the unique serial number of the terminal, while the QFI is used to identify the quality of service requirements of the first transmission data.

[0110] For example, during communication between a satellite and a terminal, two data streams need to be transmitted simultaneously: one is a real-time video stream, which requires low latency and high bandwidth, and the other is a file download, which has low latency requirements but requires high bandwidth. In this case, a higher QFI value can be assigned to the real-time video stream, such as QFI=5, to indicate a high service quality requirement for that stream, while a lower QFI value can be assigned to the file download stream, such as QFI=1, to indicate a lower service quality requirement for that stream.

[0111] It should be noted that the QFI value and the corresponding service quality requirements can be set according to the actual situation. The embodiments in this application are only described with reference to preferred embodiments and are not intended to impose specific limitations.

[0112] Step S203: Determine the corresponding service quality parameters based on the service quality flow identifier.

[0113] In some embodiments, after a transmission connection is established between the satellite and the terminal, the satellite can determine the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters corresponding to the QFI based on a mapping table or configuration table. For example, QoS may specifically include 5G QoS identifier (5GQI), Allocation and Reservation Priority (ARP), Reflective QoS Attribute (RAQ), Notification Control, Flow Bit Rates, Aggregate Bit Rates, Maximum Packet Loss Rate, etc.

[0114] Furthermore, QoS typically includes parameters such as bandwidth, latency, and jitter. Among these, the QoS bandwidth parameter determines the available bandwidth resources, the QoS latency parameter controls and guarantees the latency level when transmitting data, and the QoS jitter parameter ensures the stability and continuity of the data stream.

[0115] For example, different QoS can be determined according to different QFIs. Taking the above example as an illustration, when QFI=1, the QoS bandwidth parameter is low, and the QoS delay parameter and QoS jitter parameter are large, which indicates that the bandwidth is low, the delay is large, and the transmission performance is unstable when transmitting data. When QFI=5, the QoS bandwidth parameter is high, and the QoS delay parameter and QoS jitter parameter are small, which indicates that the bandwidth is high, the delay is small, and the transmission performance is stable when transmitting data. In this way, when there are multiple transmission tasks, multiple transmission tasks can be satisfied simultaneously through reasonable resource allocation, so as to achieve high-quality communication between satellite and terminal.

[0116] Step S204: Based on the terminal identity identifier, service quality flow identifier, service quality parameters, terminal location information, and climate data information, obtain the terminal feature information corresponding to the first transmitted data.

[0117] In some embodiments, based on the terminal identity identifier, service quality flow identifier, service quality parameters, terminal location information, and climate data information obtained in steps S201 to S203, the terminal characteristic information for determining the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel can be obtained.

[0118] It should be noted that the terminal feature information may also include the terminal's network interface information. The content of the terminal feature information can be specifically set according to the actual situation. The purpose of adding to the above-mentioned terminal feature information is actually to improve the output accuracy of the prediction model used subsequently. This application only describes a preferred embodiment and does not make any specific limitations.

[0119] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is an optional mapping diagram of the communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. After determining the terminal feature information, the predicted block error rate of each radio bearer resource transmitting data on different physical channels at the next moment can be determined according to the prediction model. Then, the corresponding radio bearer resource and physical channel are determined according to the predicted block error rate. Here, n and x both represent the quantity, and the specific quantity can be set according to the actual situation.

[0120] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Another implementation flowchart of step S102 in the figure, in some embodiments, step S103 may include steps S301 to S302:

[0121] Step S301: Input the terminal feature information into the prediction model, and extract features from the terminal feature information based on the prediction model to obtain the extracted terminal feature information.

[0122] In some embodiments, the prediction model can be a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model, such as... Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an optional prediction model for a communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in this application embodiment. The LSTM model includes an input layer, a recurrent layer (also called a prediction layer), and an output layer. Terminal feature information (Label) representing the first moment is input to the input layer of the LSTM model. After data processing by the recurrent layer, the predicted block error rate is output at the output layer. Based on the predicted block error rate, the corresponding target radio bearer resources and target physical channels are determined. Here, x and y both represent quantities, and their values ​​can be set according to actual conditions.

[0123] Furthermore, the specific propagation process of the loop layer is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an optional predictive model for the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in this application embodiment. (The diagram is illustrated by...) Figure 8 The formulas in the formulas extract features from the terminal feature information input at the previous time step and obtain the extracted terminal feature information. The specific calculation formulas are shown in formulas (1) to (8) below:

[0124] (1)

[0125] (2)

[0126] (3)

[0127] (4)

[0128] (5)

[0129] (6)

[0130] (7)

[0131] (8)

[0132] Here, x is the input to the recurrent layer, h and C are the hidden states in the two recurrent layers, and h is also the output of the recurrent layer. t represents the operation at a certain time step, σ is the logistic function (sigmoid function), and tanh is the hyperbolic tangent function used to hide the output of the neuron, with a value range of (0,1). Additionally, W, U, and B are correlation parameters, totaling four sets. W represents the relationship between the input and output, U represents the historical correlation of the output, and B represents the offset. All parameters are initialized to random values, and the hidden states are initialized to zero.

[0133] Furthermore, I(t) is the input gate of the neural network, f(t) is the forget gate of the neural network, and O(t) is the output gate of the neural network. Let C(t) be a candidate memory state, h(t) be the radio bearer resource mapping sequence corresponding to the input data x(t), and O(t) be the physical channel mapping sequence corresponding to the data x(t).

[0134] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, after obtaining and Then, the output value at the next moment can be obtained again by applying formulas (1) to (8). and .

[0135] Furthermore, multiple loop layers can be set to improve the accuracy of the final output result at the output layer. It should be noted that the number of loop layers can be set according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0136] Step S302: Based on the terminal feature information after feature extraction, perform prediction processing to obtain the predicted block error rate of all wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time.

[0137] In some embodiments, feature extraction processing of terminal feature information is performed based on multiple recurrent layers, which can "forget" data that is not closely related to the prediction result, while retaining data that is relevant to the prediction result, and finally outputting the prediction block rate of all radio bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time step at the output layer.

[0138] like Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 yes Figure 2 A flowchart of an implementation of step S104 is provided. In some embodiments, step S104 may include steps S401 to S404:

[0139] Step S401: When the predicted block error rate is less than the preset block error rate threshold, determine the radio bearer resources and physical channels corresponding to the predicted block error rate as candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels.

[0140] In some embodiments, the satellite also presets a block error rate threshold, which indicates the acceptable probability of communication errors for satellite operation in different scenarios. Since the prediction model can output the predicted block error rate for each radio bearer resource transmitting data on different physical channels, the predicted block error rate can be compared with the block error rate threshold. Typically, radio bearer resources and physical channels with predicted block error rates less than the threshold can be determined to meet the data transmission requirements of the current scenario, and the corresponding radio bearer resources and physical channels are identified as candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels.

[0141] Step S402: Based on the predicted block error rate, determine the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel.

[0142] In some embodiments, the satellite and the terminal may use one or more radio bearer resources and physical channels when transmitting data. When the satellite and the terminal use only one radio bearer resource and physical channel for data transmission, the radio bearer resource and physical channel with the lowest predicted block error rate can be selected from the candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels as the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel.

[0143] Furthermore, when the satellite and terminal use only multiple radio bearer resources and physical channels for data transmission, the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel with the smaller prediction block error rate can be selected from the candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels.

[0144] Step S403, or, based on the preset priority order of each candidate physical channel, determine the target radio bearer resource and the target physical channel.

[0145] In some embodiments, a physical channel may be pre-set with a priority order, and it is set that the physical channel with a larger priority order is preferentially determined as the target physical channel during the communication between the satellite and the terminal. Exemplarily, there are three candidate physical channels, namely candidate physical channel A, candidate physical channel B, and candidate physical channel C, and their respective predicted block error rates are a1, b1, and c1, and the priority orders are a2, b2, and c2 respectively, where a1 < b1 < c1 and a2 < b2 < c2. At this time, if only one physical channel is required, candidate physical channel C is determined as the target physical channel. Similarly, the target radio bearer resource can also be determined according to such a method.

[0146] Step S404, if the target radio bearer resource and / or the target physical channel cannot meet the communication requirements, re-determine the target radio bearer resource and / or the target physical channel from the remaining candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels according to the predicted block error rate.

[0147] In some embodiments, if it is determined that the target radio bearer resource and the target physical channel have an abnormal disconnection after communicating for a period of time at the second position, new target radio bearer resources and / or target physical channels can be quickly determined from the remaining candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels according to the predicted block error rate.

[0148] Exemplarily, continuing with the example in step S403 above, when candidate physical channel C, which is determined as the target physical channel, has an abnormal fault, a new target physical channel can be re-determined from candidate physical channel A and candidate physical channel B. Since the physical channel selected according to the priority order has an abnormal fault, it means that the method of selecting the physical channel according to the priority order has low reliability. At this time, candidate physical channel A with a smaller predicted block error rate can be selected as the new target physical channel to achieve a quick switch of the target physical channel and avoid a decrease in data transmission quality caused by untimely replacement of the transmitted physical channel. Similarly, the target radio bearer resource can also be determined according to such a method.

[0149] It should be noted that generally, when the target physical channel changes, the target radio bearer resource will also change. However, if there is a dedicated frequency band and dedicated resources between the satellite and the terminal, the target radio bearer resource will not change. At this time, when the target physical channel has an abnormal fault, only a new target physical channel can be re-determined while maintaining the original target radio bearer resource unchanged. It can be specifically set according to the actual situation, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations.

[0150] As Figure 10 shown, Figure 10 is another optional flowchart of the communication method between the low-earth orbit satellite and the terminal provided by the embodiments of the present application. Figure 10 The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S501 to S504.

[0151] Step S501: Obtain a preset sample transmission dataset. The sample transmission dataset includes multiple sample transmission data, and each transmission data includes a corresponding error rate label.

[0152] In some embodiments, the LSTM model used in this application needs to be pre-trained. First, a sample transmission dataset is obtained, which can be obtained from a database storing historical communication data of satellites and terminals, or from a third-party open-source database.

[0153] Furthermore, an acquired sample transmission dataset typically contains multiple sample transmission data sets, and each sample transmission data set also has a corresponding block error rate label. The block error rate label is used to characterize the expected prediction block error rate when the sample transmission data is input into the prediction model. Based on the error between the two, the parameters of the prediction model can be adjusted, thereby improving the performance of the prediction model.

[0154] Step S502: Select any sample transmission data from the sample transmission dataset and input it into the prediction model to obtain the predicted sample error rate.

[0155] In some embodiments, any number of sample transmission data can be selected from the sample transmission dataset and input into the prediction model. That is, the sample transmission data can be a part of the data in the sample transmission dataset, or the sample transmission data can be all the data in the sample transmission dataset. Based on a large amount of sample transmission data, the prediction model can improve its prediction accuracy through continuous training.

[0156] Furthermore, the sample transmission data is input into the prediction model. The sample transmission data simulates the data transmitted by the terminal in different scenarios. Based on this data, the prediction model can predict the sample block error rate of each wireless bearer resource transmitting data on different physical channels at the next moment.

[0157] Step S503: Calculate the block error rate loss value of the prediction model based on the block error rate label and the sample block error rate.

[0158] In some embodiments, the difference between the error block rate label and the sample error block rate is calculated to obtain the error block rate loss value. The larger the error block rate loss value, the worse the performance of the prediction model, and the smaller the error block rate loss value, the better the performance of the prediction model.

[0159] Step S504: Adjust the parameters of the prediction model according to the block error rate loss value to obtain the trained prediction model.

[0160] In some embodiments, based on the block error rate loss value, various parameters of the prediction model, such as the learning rate, can be adjusted, and the prediction model can be retrained based on the adjusted parameters. When the block error rate loss value of the prediction model is lower than a preset threshold, it can be considered that the prediction model performs well and can achieve the expected prediction results.

[0161] like Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A flowchart of an implementation of step S502 is provided. In some embodiments, step S502 may include steps S601 to S604:

[0162] Step S601: Input the sample transmission data into the first prediction layer to obtain the first sample bit error rate, and input the sample transmission data into the second prediction layer to obtain the second sample bit error rate.

[0163] In some embodiments, to improve the efficiency and performance of prediction, the prediction model of this application embodiment is provided with a first prediction layer and a second prediction layer, and the first prediction layer can output a first sample bit error rate, and the second prediction layer can output a second sample bit error rate.

[0164] It should be noted that the number of prediction layers can be set according to the actual situation. This application only describes a preferred embodiment and does not impose any specific limitations.

[0165] Step S602: Calculate the variance between the bit error rate label and the bit error rates of the first and second samples to obtain the prediction error value.

[0166] In some embodiments, the prediction error value is first calculated, which can be obtained by the following formula (9):

[0167] (9)

[0168] in, This represents the predicted bit error rate of the first or second sample. This indicates the bit error rate label.

[0169] Step S603: Based on the prediction error value, the first prediction weight and the second prediction weight corresponding to the first prediction layer and the second prediction layer are obtained using the inverse variance method.

[0170] In some embodiments, after calculating the prediction error values ​​corresponding to the first sample bit error rate and the second sample bit error rate, the corresponding first prediction weight and second prediction weight can be calculated using the inverse variance method. The first prediction weight and the second prediction weight can be calculated using the following formula (10):

[0171] (10)

[0172] In the embodiments of this application, m is 2. These are the weight coefficients of the i-th model.

[0173] Step S604: Multiply the first prediction weight and the first sample bit error rate to obtain the first multiplier value; multiply the second prediction weight and the second sample bit error rate to obtain the second multiplier value; add the first multiplier value and the second multiplier value to obtain the sample bit error rate.

[0174] In some embodiments, after obtaining the first sample bit error rate or the second sample bit error rate and their respective prediction weights, the sample bit error rate can be calculated using the following formula (11):

[0175] (11)

[0176] To better understand the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application, a complete example is given below:

[0177] First, the prediction model needs to be trained:

[0178] (1) Low-orbit satellites collect transmitted data within a time period of T1 = 1000 * 50 * 60 ms;

[0179] (2) The satellite parses the transmitted data within the T1 time period and generates the terminal identity ID and the quality of service flow identifier QFI;

[0180] (3) The satellite obtains the terminal's location information and climate data information by querying the terminal's identity ID;

[0181] (4) Low-orbit satellites obtain the corresponding QoS parameter configuration by querying the QoS flow identifier;

[0182] (5) Calculate the BLER on all physical channel resources PHYx allocated to the terminal;

[0183] (6) The low-orbit satellite processes the above data to generate feature labels;

[0184] (7) The data collected in the above time T1 is trained once at a time interval of T2=60s, that is, every T2 time, until the data of time T1 is trained, that is, T1 / T2=50 times. When the prediction model meets the expected training requirements, the prediction model after training is obtained.

[0185] In practical applications:

[0186] (1) The terminal accesses the network and applies for data transmission services;

[0187] (2) Establish the initial connection between the satellite and the terminal. When the satellite is in the first position, receive the first transmission data sent by the terminal at the current time.

[0188] (2) Based on this initial connection, the satellite receives the terminal location information and climate data information periodically reported by the ground control station;

[0189] (3) Parse the first transmitted data to obtain terminal-related feature information;

[0190] (4) Input the terminal feature information into the trained prediction model to obtain the prediction error rate;

[0191] (5) Determine the target radio bearer resources and target physical channel corresponding to the next time step based on the predicted block error rate;

[0192] (6) Based on the target wireless bearer resources and the target physical channel, receive the second transmission data sent by the terminal at the second location.

[0193] like Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is another optional flowchart of the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 12 The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S701 to S105.

[0194] Step S701: When the low-orbit satellite reaches the first position, determine the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel based on the initial information sent by the low-orbit satellite.

[0195] In some embodiments, on the terminal side, when the satellite reaches the first position, the satellite sends initial information to the terminal, wherein the initial information is used to characterize the initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels used by the satellite and the terminal during initial communication.

[0196] Step S702: Based on the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, the first transmission data is sent to the low-orbit satellite at the first moment so that the low-orbit satellite receives and parses the first transmission data to obtain the corresponding terminal feature information. The terminal feature information is then input into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all radio bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second moment. Based on the prediction block rate, the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels are re-determined from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels.

[0197] Furthermore, the terminal can send first transmission data to the satellite based on the determined initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channel, wherein the first transmission data carries the terminal's characteristic information when transmitting the first transmission data.

[0198] Furthermore, the satellite can parse the first transmitted data to obtain terminal feature information, input the terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model, and obtain the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels corresponding to the second time step based on the prediction model.

[0199] Step S703: Based on the target information transmitted by the low-orbit satellite, obtain the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel.

[0200] Furthermore, once the satellite determines the target radio bearer resources and target physical channel for the next moment, the satellite can generate target information based on this and send this target information to the terminal.

[0201] Step S704: When the low-orbit satellite reaches the second position, based on the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel, the second transmission data is sent to the low-orbit satellite at the second moment, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

[0202] Furthermore, the terminal can parse and determine the target radio bearer resources and target physical channel based on the target information. When the satellite moves to the second position at the second time, it can send the second transmission data to the satellite based on the target radio bearer resources and target physical channel, or send the second transmission data to the satellite based on the target radio bearer resources and target physical channel, and receive the second transmission data sent by the satellite.

[0203] like Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of an optional system functional module for the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in this application embodiment. This application embodiment also provides a communication system for a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, which can implement the above-mentioned communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal. The communication system for a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal includes:

[0204] The initial module 801 is used to determine the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels when the low-orbit satellite moves to the first position.

[0205] The first transmission module 802 is used to receive and parse the first transmission data sent by the terminal at the first moment based on the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, and obtain the corresponding terminal feature information.

[0206] The prediction module is used to input terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing, and obtain the prediction block error rate of all radio bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time.

[0207] The target module 803 is used to re-determine the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels based on the predicted block error rate;

[0208] The second transmission module 804 is used to receive second transmission data sent by the terminal at a second time when the low-orbit satellite moves to the second position, based on the target wireless bearer resources and the target physical channel, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

[0209] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is an optional schematic diagram of the relative positions of a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal in the communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal provided in this application embodiment. When the low-Earth orbit satellite moves to the first position, the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel can be determined first from multiple selectable radio bearer resources and physical channels.

[0210] Furthermore, when determining the initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels, the QoS can be sent to the ground control station according to the methods adopted in related technologies. The ground control station then determines the corresponding initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels. The purpose is to first establish a communication connection between the satellite and the terminal for subsequent data transmission operations. Afterward, based on the transmitted data, the satellite-terminal communication method provided in the embodiments of this application can be used to quickly determine the radio bearer resources and physical channels at the next moment.

[0211] In some embodiments, after determining the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, the first transmission data sent by the terminal can be received based on the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, wherein the first transmission data may be text data, voice data, or image data.

[0212] Furthermore, since the first transmitted data carries terminal-related information, when the satellite receives this first transmitted data, it can parse it to obtain the corresponding terminal characteristic information. This terminal characteristic information characterizes the terminal's identity, location, and security authentication information during the transmission of the first transmitted data. Through this terminal characteristic information, the satellite can understand the terminal's data reception and transmission capabilities, required transmission parameters, and prevailing weather conditions during the transmission of the first transmitted data. This allows the satellite to predict the radio bearer resources and physical channels for the next moment based on the terminal characteristic information from the previous moment.

[0213] In some embodiments, when the satellite reaches, such as Figure 3In the second position shown, the relative positions of the satellite and the terminal change, and the Earth's surface conditions between them also change. The initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels used when the satellite was in the first position are no longer applicable in the second position. The satellite has a pre-trained prediction model that can perform prediction processing based on terminal feature information, outputting the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels that enable optimal communication between the satellite and the terminal when the satellite is in the second position.

[0214] Furthermore, after inputting the terminal feature information into the prediction model, the predicted block error rate (BLER) of all radio bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time (corresponding to the second position) is obtained. Here, BLER represents the probability of errors occurring in the received data blocks under specific conditions, and can be used to evaluate the reliability and performance of wireless communication. Therefore, based on the predicted block error rate of each radio bearer resource transmitting data on different physical channels, the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel at the next time (corresponding to the second time) can be quickly determined.

[0215] In some embodiments, the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel can be re-determined from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels based on the predicted block error rate.

[0216] For example, the prediction model can output the predicted block error rate for each radio bearer resource to transmit data on different physical channels, and can select the radio bearer resource and physical channel corresponding to the minimum predicted block error rate as the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel.

[0217] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first position and the second position are different. When the satellite moves to the second position, it can quickly determine the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels for data transmission based on the above steps S101 to S104. In this way, the satellite can receive the second transmission data sent by the terminal or send the second transmission data to the terminal based on the target radio bearer resources and target physical channels.

[0218] It is understood that the satellite-terminal communication method provided in this application does not require the satellite to send QoS to the ground control station to determine the radio bearer resources and physical channels corresponding to the next moment. Instead, after obtaining the terminal characteristic information related to the terminal, the satellite can directly determine the radio bearer resources and physical channels corresponding to the next moment. In this way, the number of data transmissions between the satellite and the terminal to determine the relevant transmission path is reduced, the efficiency of determining the radio bearer resources and physical channels is improved, and the stability and reliability of communication between the satellite and the terminal are enhanced.

[0219] The specific implementation of the communication system between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal is basically the same as the specific embodiment of the communication method between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal described above, and will not be repeated here. Subject to meeting the requirements of the embodiments of this application, the communication system between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal may also be equipped with other functional modules to realize the communication method between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal in the above embodiments.

[0220] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the aforementioned communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal. This electronic device can be any smart terminal, including tablet computers, in-vehicle computers, etc.

[0221] like Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device includes:

[0222] The processor 901 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0223] The memory 902 can be implemented as a read-only memory (ROM), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or random access memory (RAM). The memory 902 can store the operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 902 and is called and executed by the processor 901 to execute the communication method between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal in the embodiments of this application.

[0224] The input / output interface 903 is used to implement information input and output;

[0225] The communication interface 904 is used to enable communication and interaction between this device and other devices. Communication can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, Ethernet cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0226] Bus 905 transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 901, memory 902, input / output interface 903, and communication interface 904);

[0227] The processor 901, memory 902, input / output interface 903, and communication interface 904 are connected to each other within the device via bus 905.

[0228] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal.

[0229] Memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0230] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0231] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0232] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0233] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0234] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0235] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one" and "several" refer to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0236] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0237] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0238] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0239] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing programs, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0240] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, characterized in that, Applied to low-Earth orbit satellites, the low-Earth orbit satellites are communicatively connected to a terminal, and the low-Earth orbit satellites and the terminal include multiple selectable wireless bearer resources and physical channels when transmitting data; The communication method between the low-orbit satellite and the terminal includes: When the low-orbit satellite reaches the first position, an initial radio bearer resource and an initial physical channel are determined from a plurality of radio bearer resources and a plurality of physical channels; Based on the initial wireless bearer resources and the initial physical channel, the first transmission data sent by the terminal at the first moment is received and parsed to obtain the corresponding terminal feature information; The terminal feature information is input into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time. Based on the predicted block error rate, the target radio bearer resource and the target physical channel are re-determined from the plurality of radio bearer resources and the plurality of physical channels; When the low-orbit satellite reaches the second position, it receives the second transmission data sent by the terminal at the second moment, based on the target wireless bearer resources and the target physical channel, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

2. The communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-orbit satellite and the terminal are also connected to a ground control station. The step of receiving and parsing the first transmitted data sent by the terminal at a first moment to obtain the corresponding terminal feature information includes: The terminal periodically receives terminal location information and climate data information sent by the ground control station. Parse the first transmitted data to obtain the terminal identity identifier and the quality of service flow identifier of the terminal; Based on the service quality flow identifier, determine the corresponding service quality parameters; Based on the terminal identity identifier, the service quality flow identifier, the service quality parameters, the terminal location information, and the climate data information, the terminal feature information corresponding to the first transmitted data is obtained.

3. The communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of inputting the terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all the wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time includes: The terminal feature information is input into the prediction model, and feature extraction is performed on the terminal feature information based on the prediction model to obtain the terminal feature information after feature extraction. Based on the terminal feature information after feature extraction, prediction processing is performed to obtain the predicted block error rate of all wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time.

4. The communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of re-determining the target radio bearer resource and target physical channel from the plurality of radio bearer resources and the plurality of physical channels based on the predicted block error rate includes: When the predicted block error rate is less than a preset block error rate threshold, the radio bearer resource and the physical channel corresponding to the predicted block error rate are determined as candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels; Based on the predicted block error rate, the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel are determined; or... Based on the preset priority order of each of the candidate physical channels, the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channels are determined; If the target radio bearer resources and / or the target physical channel cannot meet the communication requirements, the target radio bearer resources and / or the target physical channel shall be re-determined from the remaining candidate radio bearer resources and candidate physical channels according to the predicted block error rate.

5. The communication method between a low-orbit satellite and a terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prediction model is trained through the following steps: Obtain a preset sample transmission dataset, which includes multiple sample transmission data, each of which includes a corresponding block error rate label; Random sample transmission data is selected from the sample transmission dataset and input into the prediction model to obtain the predicted sample error rate; The block error rate loss value of the prediction model is calculated based on the block error rate label and the sample block error rate. The parameters of the prediction model are adjusted based on the block error rate loss value to obtain the trained prediction model.

6. The communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that, The prediction model includes a first prediction layer and a second prediction layer, and the predicted sample error rate includes the first sample error rate and the second sample error rate. The step of selecting any sample transmission data from the sample transmission dataset and inputting it into the prediction model to obtain the predicted sample block error rate includes: The sample transmission data is input into the first prediction layer to obtain the first sample block error rate, and the sample transmission data is input into the second prediction layer to obtain the second sample block error rate; Calculate the variance between the error block rate label and the error block rates of the first and second samples to obtain the prediction error value; Based on the prediction error value, the first prediction weight and the second prediction weight corresponding to the first prediction layer and the second prediction layer are obtained by using the inverse variance method. Multiply the first prediction weight and the first sample block error rate to obtain a first multiplier value, multiply the second prediction weight and the second sample block error rate to obtain a second multiplier value, and add the first multiplier value and the second multiplier value to obtain the sample block error rate.

7. A communication method between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, characterized in that, Applied to a terminal, the terminal is connected to a low-Earth orbit satellite for communication, and the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal include multiple selectable wireless bearer resources and physical channels when transmitting data; The communication method between the low-orbit satellite and the terminal includes: When the low-orbit satellite reaches the first position, the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel are determined based on the initial information sent by the low-orbit satellite. Based on the initial radio bearer resources and the initial physical channel, first transmission data is sent to the low-Earth orbit satellite at a first moment, so that the low-Earth orbit satellite receives and parses the first transmission data to obtain the corresponding terminal feature information, and inputs the terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all radio bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at a second moment. Based on the prediction block rate, the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel are re-determined from the multiple radio bearer resources and the multiple physical channels. Based on the target information transmitted by the low-orbit satellite, the target radio bearer resources and the target physical channel are obtained; When the low-orbit satellite reaches the second position, based on the target wireless bearer resources and the target physical channel, the second transmission data is sent to the low-orbit satellite at the second moment, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

8. A communication system between a low-Earth orbit satellite and a terminal, characterized in that, The communication system between the low-Earth orbit satellite and the terminal includes: An initial module is used to determine initial radio bearer resources and initial physical channels from multiple radio bearer resources and multiple physical channels when the low-orbit satellite reaches a first position; The first transmission module is used to receive and parse the first transmission data sent by the terminal at the first moment based on the initial wireless bearer resources and the initial physical channel, and obtain the corresponding terminal feature information. The prediction module is used to input the terminal feature information into a pre-trained prediction model for prediction processing to obtain the prediction block rate of all the wireless bearer resources transmitting data on different physical channels at the second time. The target module is configured to re-determine the target radio bearer resource and the target physical channel from the plurality of radio bearer resources and the plurality of physical channels based on the predicted block error rate; The second transmission module is used to receive second transmission data sent by the terminal at the second moment when the low-orbit satellite moves to the second position, based on the target wireless bearer resources and the target physical channel, wherein the first position and the second position are different.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the communication method between the low-orbit satellite and the terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the communication method between the low-orbit satellite and the terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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