A method for cultivating non-knot high-quality pine seedlings

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of forest cultivation and planting, and provides a seed germination-promoting liquid, raw materials of which include banana juice, potassium nitrate, sodium phosphate, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium iodide, sodium borate, zinc chloride, manganese nitrate, copper chloride, iron chloride, vitamins, amino acids, indole acetic acid, gibberellin and water, wherein the seed germination-promoting liquid and polyethylene glycol 6000 solution are used to treat masson pine seeds, so as to improve the germination rate of the masson pine seeds and cultivate high-quality masson pine seedlings, and the present application further provides a method for cultivating masson pine knotless high-quality timber by using the obtained high-quality masson pine seedlings, wherein the economic benefits of the knotless high-quality timber obtained by the method are far greater than those of the knotless high-quality timber obtained by traditional methods, and the knotless high-quality timber cultivated by the method has a greater use value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forest tree cultivation technology, and in particular to a method for cultivating knot-free high-quality timber from high-quality Masson pine seedlings. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for timber, the cultivation of plantations has received growing attention. Targeted cultivation of high-yield, high-quality, and stable plantations has become the general trend in the development of planted timber forests worldwide, and numerous beneficial practices have been implemented internationally, eliminating various cultivation models. Knot-free, large-diameter timber cultivation is an efficient and comprehensive cultivation model proposed to meet the current demand for high-quality and high-priced Masson pine. It solves common problems in the cultivation of high-quality Masson pine species by innovatively integrating superior varieties, site control, density regulation, artificial pruning, and forest age effects.

[0003] Pruning techniques are key to cultivating knot-free high-quality timber. However, at present, my country's Masson pine species structure is relatively simple, cultivation techniques are relatively backward, management objectives are unclear, and management methods are extensive. The key technical measures to achieve knot-free high-quality timber still rely on the traditional method of cutting branches while clearing grass for cultivation. There is a lack of professional pruning techniques, and extensive management produces timber with many knots, poor trunk shape, and low timber quality.

[0004] Therefore, conducting research on high-quality Masson pine seedling cultivation, artificial forest pruning and tending, afforestation density, intergenerational tending (number of times and intensity), and related technologies will help to formulate reasonable tending and management plans, and provide technical support for the cultivation of high-quality Masson pine for timber production and the production of high-quality timber. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for cultivating knot-free high-quality timber from high-quality Masson pine seedlings, in order to solve the problems of unclear cultivation objectives in traditional Masson pine seedling cultivation, and the presence of cavities and knots in pruned Masson pine, which affect economic and use value.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a seed germination promoting solution, prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-300 parts banana juice, 2-5 parts potassium nitrate, 2-4 parts sodium phosphate, 2-4 parts ammonium chloride, 0.4-0.7 parts calcium chloride, 0.2-0.4 parts magnesium chloride, 0.1-0.3 parts potassium iodide, 0.1-0.3 parts sodium borate, 0.15-0.3 parts zinc chloride, 0.05-0.2 parts manganese nitrate, 0.1-0.3 parts copper chloride, 0.1-0.3 parts ferric chloride, 0.1-0.3 parts vitamins, 0.1-0.3 parts amino acids, 0.07-0.1 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.08-0.12 parts gibberellin, and 1000-2000 parts water.

[0008] Preferably, the vitamin is vitamin A and / or vitamin D; and the amino acid is cystine and / or serine.

[0009] Preferably, when the vitamins are vitamin A and vitamin D, the mass ratio of vitamin A to vitamin D is 1:(0.5-1.5).

[0010] Preferably, when the amino acids are cystine and serine, the mass ratio of cystine to serine is 1:(0.5-1.5).

[0011] This invention provides a method for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using the seed germination-promoting solution, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) After disinfection, the Masson pine seeds were soaked in polyethylene glycol 6000 solution and the seed germination solution in turn, and then rinsed and cultivated.

[0013] (2) When the seedlings of Masson pine are 5-7 months old, and 30 days before they are planted, the lateral branches of Masson pine seedlings with a branching angle of less than 45 degrees are cut horizontally along the main branches to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0014] Preferably, the disinfection treatment uses a mercury solution with a mass percentage concentration of 0.4-0.6‰, and the disinfection treatment time is 2-3 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, microwave treatment is performed during the immersion in polyethylene glycol 6000 solution, with the microwave power being 200-300W, the immersion time being 7-9 hours, and the immersion temperature being 46-50℃.

[0016] Preferably, the seed germination solution is soaked for 3-5 hours at a temperature of 40-43°C.

[0017] This invention also provides a method for cultivating knot-free high-quality Masson pine timber, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) After determining the afforestation site, prepare the land and plant the high-quality Masson pine seedlings cultivated above. If the slope of the afforestation site is 20-35 degrees, plant Masson pine seedlings in each hole with a row spacing of 1.5-2 meters and a plant spacing of 2-3 meters. If the slope of the afforestation site is <20 degrees, plant the seedlings with a row spacing of 2-3 meters and a plant spacing of 2.5-3.5 meters.

[0019] (2) Prune the branches and process them according to the formula for the area of ​​the pine branch stump;

[0020] The formula for the area of ​​the pine branch stump buried in the formula is S=1 / 2×(C+C')×L+π×r 2 =π×R×L+π×n×△d×L+π×(n×△d)2 ;

[0021] In the formula, S represents the area of ​​the pine branch stump buried, C represents the circumference of the upper base of the pine branch stump, C' represents the circumference of the lower base of the pine branch stump, L represents the retained length of the pine branch stump, r is the radius of the upper base circle of the pine branch stump, R is the radius of the lower base circle of the pine branch stump, π is pi, which is taken as 3.14; n represents the burial time, which is calculated in years; △d represents the average annual radial growth of the pine.

[0022] The range of L is 0 ≤ L ≤ 1 cm, and the range of r is 0 < r ≤ 1.5 cm;

[0023] (3) Thinning should be carried out according to the principles of cutting small trees and keeping large trees, cutting curved trees and keeping straight trees, cutting diseased and insect-infested trees, and cutting dense trees and keeping sparse trees. The density of Masson pine forest should be adjusted to 80-100 trees / mu and cultivated until the Masson pine matures and is harvested.

[0024] Preferably, in step (2), the Masson pine that has grown to 3 years or more is pruned, and the pruning is carried out in January to March.

[0025] Preferably, the thinning in step (3) is performed 2-3 times.

[0026] Preferably, the cultivation time of Masson pine in step (3) is no less than 10 years.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. Treating Masson pine seeds with the seed germination-promoting solution described in this invention can significantly improve the germination rate of Masson pine seeds, which is much higher than that obtained by traditional methods; at the same time, higher quality Masson pine seedlings can be obtained through cultivation with this seed germination-promoting solution and subsequent specific seedling pruning methods.

[0029] 2. By screening the pruning season and the starting age for pruning, this invention has determined that the optimal pruning season is February and the optimal starting age for pruning is 5.5 years. Pruning with the optimal parameters can greatly save costs and better promote the growth of Masson pine.

[0030] 3. The high-quality Masson pine seedlings obtained by this invention and the knot-free timber obtained by the method have economic benefits far greater than those obtained by traditional methods, and the knot-free timber cultivated has greater use value. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a Masson pine branch stump;

[0032] Figure 2 The pruning of knots in Masson pine ( Figure 2In the diagram, A is a schematic diagram of node parameter measurement, and B is a diagram of actual node trimming. Figure 2 In this context, θ represents the node attachment angle; L represents the node length; a represents the node / medullary distance; and b represents the node diameter.

[0033] Figure 3 Seed distribution of Masson pine in different treatment groups ( Figure 3 (A in the text represents the warm water treatment, and B represents the seed germination solution treatment).

[0034] Figure 4 The growth of Masson pine seedlings after treatment with seed germination-promoting solution;

[0035] Figure 5 The process of pruning Masson pine seedlings before they are removed from the nursery;

[0036] Figure 6 Pruning conditions of different groups of Masson pine ( Figure 6 In this text, A represents traditional pruning and B represents the pruning method in Example 8. Detailed Implementation

[0037] This invention provides a seed germination promoting solution, preferably comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-300 parts banana juice, 2-5 parts potassium nitrate, 2-4 parts sodium phosphate, 2-4 parts ammonium chloride, 0.4-0.7 parts calcium chloride, 0.2-0.4 parts magnesium chloride, 0.1-0.3 parts potassium iodide, 0.1-0.3 parts sodium borate, 0.15-0.3 parts zinc chloride, 0.05-0.2 parts manganese nitrate, and 0.1-0.3 parts copper chloride. The ingredients include 0.1-0.3 parts ferric chloride, 0.1-0.3 parts vitamins, 0.1-0.3 parts amino acids, 0.07-0.1 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.08-0.12 parts gibberellin, and 1000-2000 parts water; further preferred ingredients include 230-280 parts banana juice, 3-4.5 parts potassium nitrate, 2.5-3.5 parts sodium phosphate, 2.5-3.5 parts ammonium chloride, 0.44-0.6 parts calcium chloride, and 0.25 parts magnesium chloride. -0.35 parts, potassium iodide 0.15-0.25 parts, sodium borate 0.15-0.25 parts, zinc chloride 0.18-0.25 parts, manganese nitrate 0.08-0.13 parts, copper chloride 0.15-0.25 parts, ferric chloride 0.13-0.27 parts, vitamins 0.15-0.24 parts, amino acids 0.14-0.26 parts, indoleacetic acid 0.075-0.09 parts, gibberellin 0.09-0.11 parts, water 1200-1700 parts; a further preferred composition includes 260 parts banana juice, 4 parts potassium nitrate, 3 parts sodium phosphate, 3 parts ammonium chloride, 0.5 parts calcium chloride, 0.3 parts magnesium chloride, 0.2 parts potassium iodide, 0.2 parts sodium borate, 0.2 parts zinc chloride, 0.1 parts manganese nitrate, 0.2 parts copper chloride, 0.2 parts ferric chloride, 0.2 parts vitamins, 0.2 parts amino acids, 0.08 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.1 parts gibberellin, and 1500 parts water.

[0038] In this invention, the banana juice is obtained by boiling peeled bananas with water. Preferably, the peeled bananas are sliced ​​thinly, with a slice thickness of 1-4 mm, more preferably 2-3 mm. The water used is preferably deionized water, and the mass-to-volume ratio of bananas to deionized water is preferably 50 g:(800-900) mL, more preferably 50 g:(820-870) mL, and even more preferably 50 g:850 mL. The boiling process is carried out over medium-low heat, and the boiling time is preferably 15-25 minutes, more preferably 17-22 minutes, and even more preferably 20 minutes. After boiling, the mixture is filtered and diluted to a final volume of 1000 mL to obtain the banana juice.

[0039] In this invention, the vitamin is vitamin A and / or vitamin D. When the vitamin is vitamin A and vitamin D, the mass ratio of vitamin A to vitamin D is preferably 1:(0.5-1.5), more preferably 1:(0.8-1.2), and even more preferably 1:1.

[0040] In this invention, the amino acid is cystine and / or serine. When the amino acid is cystine and serine, the mass ratio of cystine to serine is preferably 1:(0.5-1.5), more preferably 1:(0.7-1.3), and even more preferably 1:1.

[0041] This invention provides a method for cultivating Masson pine seedlings with the aforementioned seed germination-promoting solution, comprising the following steps:

[0042] (1) After disinfection, the Masson pine seeds were soaked in polyethylene glycol 6000 solution and the seed germination solution in turn, and then rinsed and cultivated.

[0043] (2) When the seedlings of Masson pine are 5-7 months old, and 30 days before they are planted, the lateral branches of Masson pine seedlings with a branching angle of less than 45 degrees are cut horizontally along the main branches to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0044] In this invention, the seeds of Masson pine are first disinfected. The disinfection treatment preferably uses a mercury solution, and the mass percentage concentration of the mercury solution is preferably 0.4-0.6‰, more preferably 0.45-55‰, and even more preferably 0.5‰. The disinfection treatment time is preferably 2-3 min, more preferably 2.4-2.8 min, and even more preferably 2.5 min.

[0045] In this invention, sterilized Masson pine seeds are soaked in a polyethylene glycol 6000 solution. The mass concentration of the polyethylene glycol 6000 solution is preferably 8-10%, more preferably 8.5-9.5%, and even more preferably 9%. During the soaking process in the polyethylene glycol 6000 solution, microwave treatment is performed. The microwave power is preferably 200-300W, more preferably 220-290W, and even more preferably 280W. The soaking time is preferably 7-9 hours, more preferably 7.5-8.5 hours, and even more preferably 8 hours. The soaking temperature is preferably 46-50℃, more preferably 47-49.5℃, and even more preferably 49℃. The soaked Masson pine seeds are then washed with distilled water, preferably 1-3 times, more preferably 2 times.

[0046] In this invention, the cleaned Masson pine seeds are soaked in a seed germination-promoting solution for 3-5 hours, more preferably 3.5-4.5 hours, and even more preferably 4 hours. The soaking temperature is preferably 40-43℃, more preferably 41-42.5℃, and even more preferably 42℃. The soaked Masson pine seeds are then washed with distilled water, preferably 1-3 times, and even more preferably 2 times. The washed seeds are then cultivated until the seedlings are preferably 5-7 months old. About 30 days before transplanting, the lateral branches with a branching angle of less than 45 degrees are preferably pruned horizontally along the main branch to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings. In this invention, the height of the high-quality Masson pine seedlings is preferably above 20cm, and the ground diameter is preferably above 0.23cm.

[0047] This invention also provides a method for cultivating knot-free high-quality Masson pine timber, comprising the following steps:

[0048] (1) After determining the afforestation site, prepare the land and plant the high-quality Masson pine seedlings obtained above. If the slope of the afforestation site is 20-35 degrees, the row spacing is 1.5-2 meters and the plant spacing is 2-3 meters; if the slope of the afforestation site is <20 degrees, then plant the trees in a row spacing of 2-3 meters and a plant spacing of 2.5-3.5 meters.

[0049] (2) Prune the branches and process them according to the formula for the area of ​​the pine branch stump;

[0050] The formula for the area of ​​the pine branch stump buried in the formula is S=1 / 2×(C+C')×L+π×r 2 =π×R×L+π×n×△d×L+π×(n×△d) 2 ;

[0051] In the formula, S represents the area of ​​the pine branch stump buried, C represents the circumference of the upper base of the pine branch stump, C' represents the circumference of the lower base of the pine branch stump, L represents the retained length of the pine branch stump, r is the radius of the upper base circle of the pine branch stump, R is the radius of the lower base circle of the pine branch stump, π is pi, which is taken as 3.14; n represents the burial time, which is calculated in years; △d represents the average annual radial growth of the pine.

[0052] The range of L is 0 ≤ L ≤ 1 cm, and the range of r is 0 < r ≤ 1.5 cm;

[0053] (3) Thinning should be carried out according to the principles of cutting small trees and keeping large ones, cutting curved trees and keeping straight ones, cutting diseased and insect-infested trees, and cutting dense trees and keeping sparse ones. The density of Masson pine forest should be adjusted to 80-90 trees / mu and cultivated until the Masson pine matures and is harvested.

[0054] In this invention, the afforestation site is selected, cleared, and prepared. If the slope of the afforestation site is between 20 and 35 degrees, pit tillage and land preparation are carried out; if the slope of the afforestation site is less than 20 degrees, full land preparation is carried out.

[0055] In this invention, after land preparation, high-quality Masson pine seedlings cultivated using the above method are planted for afforestation. If the slope of the afforestation site is 20-35 degrees, Masson pine seedlings are planted in each hole. The row spacing is preferably 1.5-2.5 meters, more preferably 1.8-2.2 meters, and even more preferably 2 meters; the plant spacing is preferably 2-3.5 meters, more preferably 2.5-2.8 meters, and even more preferably 3 meters. If the slope of the afforestation site is <20 degrees, black pine seedlings are planted directly. The row spacing is preferably 2-3 meters, more preferably 2.2-2.7 meters, and even more preferably 2.5 meters; the plant spacing is preferably 2.5-3.5 meters, more preferably 2.8-3.2 meters, and even more preferably 3 meters.

[0056] In this invention, it is preferred to prune Masson pine trees that have grown to 5 years old. The pruning is preferably carried out in January to March, and more preferably in February; the pruning intensity is preferably 40% of the tree height.

[0057] In this invention, pruning is an important afforestation measure for cultivating knotless high-quality timber. The pruning stumps left behind can form knotless high-quality timber if they remain alive before being completely buried. If the stumps rot and fall off, hollow dead knots will appear. After pruning, this invention processes the stumps according to the formula for the burial area of ​​Masson pine branches to facilitate the formation of knotless high-quality timber.

[0058] In this invention, the formula for the embedded area of ​​the Masson pine branch stump is S=1 / 2×(C+C')×L+π×r 2 =π×R×L+π×r×L+π×r 2 =π×R×L+π×n×△d×L+π×(n×△d) 2 In the formula described in this invention, S represents the area of ​​the pine branch stump buried; C represents the upper circumference of the pine branch stump; C' represents the lower circumference of the pine branch stump; L represents the length of the pine branch stump retained, where L is 0 ≤ L ≤ 1 cm. When L > 1 cm, the branch stump dies and falls off before being buried, forming dead knots or cavities; 1 / 2 × (C + C') × L represents the lateral area of ​​the branch stump; R is the radius of the lower base circle of the pine branch stump; π is pi, taken as 3.14; r is the radius of the upper base circle of the pine branch stump, where r is 0 < r ≤ 1.5 cm. When r > 1.5 cm, the branch stump dies and falls off before being buried, forming dead knots or cavities; π × r 2The area of ​​the upper circular surface of the branch stump is represented by ; n represents the burial time, calculated in years; Δd represents the average annual radial growth of the Masson pine. If rn × Δd > 0, it indicates that the branch was not completely burial in the nth year; if r - (n-1) × Δd > 0 and r - (n+1) × Δd < 0, it indicates that the branch was completely burial in the nth year, and r = n × Δd is assumed. In this invention, the larger the average annual radial growth of the Masson pine Δd, the shorter the burial time (n years), which is more conducive to complete burial, preventing dead knots or cavities, and resulting in knot-free, high-quality timber. Furthermore, the pruning season also has an impact, affecting the average annual radial growth of the Masson pine Δd, allowing the stump wounds to heal quickly and avoiding the formation of dead knots or cavities.

[0059] In this invention, the thinning of Masson pine is carried out according to the principles of cutting small trees and leaving large ones, cutting curved trees and leaving straight ones, removing diseased and insect-infested trees, and thinning dense trees and leaving sparse ones. The density of the pine forest is adjusted according to the survival rate by selecting the thinning ratio. The preferred density is 80-100 trees / mu, further preferably 85-95 trees / mu, and even more preferably 90 trees / mu. The number of thinning operations is preferably 2-3 times. After the thinning is completed, the Masson pine is cultivated until it reaches maturity and is harvested. The cultivation time of Masson pine is not less than 10 years.

[0060] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A seed germination promoter, comprising the following ingredients: 260 parts banana juice, 4 parts potassium nitrate, 3 parts sodium phosphate, 3 parts ammonium chloride, 0.5 parts calcium chloride, 0.3 parts magnesium chloride, 0.2 parts potassium iodide, 0.2 parts sodium borate, 0.2 parts zinc chloride, 0.1 parts manganese nitrate, 0.2 parts copper chloride, 0.2 parts ferric chloride, 0.2 parts vitamin D, 0.2 parts serine, 0.08 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.1 parts gibberellin, and 1500 parts water; wherein the banana juice is prepared by: slicing peeled bananas into 3mm thin slices, mixing with deionized water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 50g:850mL, boiling over medium-low heat for 20 minutes, filtering, and adjusting the volume to 1000mL.

[0063] The steps for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using the above-mentioned seed germination solution are as follows:

[0064] Disinfect the seeds of Masson pine with a 0.5‰ mercury solution for 2.5 minutes. Then, soak the disinfected seeds in a 9% polyethylene glycol 6000 solution at 49°C for 8 hours using a microwave at 280W. After soaking, rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Next, soak the rinsed seeds in the seed germination solution at 42°C for 4 hours. Rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Cultivate the seedlings until they are 6 months old. Thirty days before transplanting, gradually prune lateral branches with a branching angle less than 45 degrees along the main branch to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] A seed germination promoter, comprising the following ingredients: 260 parts banana juice, 4 parts potassium nitrate, 3 parts sodium phosphate, 3 parts ammonium chloride, 0.5 parts calcium chloride, 0.3 parts magnesium chloride, 0.2 parts potassium iodide, 0.2 parts sodium borate, 0.2 parts zinc chloride, 0.1 parts manganese nitrate, 0.2 parts copper chloride, 0.2 parts ferric chloride, 0.2 parts vitamin D, 0.2 parts serine, 0.08 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.1 parts gibberellin, and 1500 parts water; wherein the banana juice is prepared by: slicing peeled bananas into 3mm thin slices, mixing with deionized water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 50g:850mL, boiling over medium-low heat for 20 minutes, filtering, and adjusting the volume to 1000mL.

[0067] The steps for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using the above-mentioned seed germination solution are as follows:

[0068] Disinfect the seeds of Masson pine with a 0.4‰ mercury solution for 3 minutes. Then, soak the disinfected seeds in an 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 solution at 47℃ for 9 hours using a microwave at 220W. After soaking, rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Next, soak the rinsed seeds in the seed germination solution at 41℃ for 5 hours. Rinse the soaked seeds twice with distilled water. Cultivate the seedlings until they are 7 months old. Thirty days before transplanting, prune lateral branches with a branching angle less than 45 degrees along the main branch to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] A seed germination promoter, comprising the following ingredients: 200 parts banana juice, 3 parts potassium nitrate, 2 parts sodium phosphate, 2 parts ammonium chloride, 0.4 parts calcium chloride, 0.2 parts magnesium chloride, 0.1 parts potassium iodide, 0.1 parts sodium borate, 0.15 parts zinc chloride, 0.05 parts manganese nitrate, 0.1 parts copper chloride, 0.1 parts ferric chloride, 0.1 parts vitamin D, 0.1 parts serine, 0.07 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.08 parts gibberellin, and 1100 parts water; wherein the banana juice is prepared by: slicing peeled bananas into 3mm thin slices, mixing with deionized water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 50g:850mL, boiling over medium-low heat for 20 minutes, filtering, and adjusting the volume to 1000mL.

[0071] The steps for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using the above-mentioned seed germination solution are as follows:

[0072] Disinfect the seeds of Masson pine with a 0.4‰ mercury solution for 3 minutes. Then, soak the disinfected seeds in an 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 solution at 47℃ for 9 hours using a microwave at 220W. After soaking, rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Next, soak the rinsed seeds in the seed germination solution at 41℃ for 5 hours. Rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Cultivate the seedlings until they are 6 months old. Thirty days before transplanting, prune lateral branches with a branching angle less than 43 degrees along the main branch to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] A seed germination promoter, comprising the following ingredients: 300 parts banana juice, 5 parts potassium nitrate, 4 parts sodium phosphate, 4 parts ammonium chloride, 0.7 parts calcium chloride, 0.4 parts magnesium chloride, 0.3 parts potassium iodide, 0.2 parts sodium borate, 0.3 parts zinc chloride, 0.2 parts manganese nitrate, 0.3 parts copper chloride, 0.3 parts ferric chloride, 0.2 parts vitamin A, 0.3 parts cystine, 0.1 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.12 parts gibberellin, and 1900 parts water; wherein the banana juice is prepared by: slicing peeled bananas into 2mm thin slices, mixing with deionized water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 50g:900mL, boiling over medium-low heat for 25 minutes, filtering, and adjusting the volume to 1000mL.

[0075] The steps for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using the above-mentioned seed germination solution are as follows:

[0076] Disinfect the seeds of Masson pine with a 0.5‰ mercury solution for 3 minutes. Then, soak the disinfected seeds in a 10% polyethylene glycol 6000 solution at 49℃ for 8 hours using a microwave at 300W. After soaking, rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Next, soak the rinsed seeds in the seed germination solution at 43℃ for 4 hours. Rinse the soaked seeds twice with distilled water. Cultivate the seedlings until they are 6 months old. Thirty days before transplanting, prune lateral branches with a branching angle less than 45 degrees along the main branch to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] A seed germination promoter, comprising the following ingredients: 300 parts banana juice, 4 parts potassium nitrate, 4 parts sodium phosphate, 4 parts ammonium chloride, 0.7 parts calcium chloride, 0.4 parts magnesium chloride, 0.2 parts potassium iodide, 0.2 parts sodium borate, 0.3 parts zinc chloride, 0.2 parts manganese nitrate, 0.3 parts copper chloride, 0.3 parts ferric chloride, 0.2 parts vitamin D, 0.2 parts cystine, 0.1 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.12 parts gibberellin, and 1900 parts water; wherein the banana juice is prepared by: slicing peeled bananas into 2mm thin slices, mixing with deionized water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 50g:900mL, boiling over medium-low heat for 25 minutes, filtering, and adjusting the volume to 1000mL.

[0079] The steps for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using the above-mentioned seed germination solution are as follows:

[0080] Disinfect the seeds of Masson pine with a 0.4‰ mercury solution for 3 minutes. Then, soak the disinfected seeds in an 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 solution at 47℃ for 9 hours using a microwave at 220W. After soaking, rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Next, soak the rinsed seeds in the seed germination solution at 41℃ for 5 hours. Rinse the soaked seeds twice with distilled water. Cultivate the seedlings until they are 6 months old. Thirty days before transplanting, prune lateral branches with a branching angle less than 45 degrees along the main branch to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] A seed germination promoter, comprising the following ingredients: 260 parts banana juice, 4 parts potassium nitrate, 3 parts sodium phosphate, 3 parts ammonium chloride, 0.5 parts calcium chloride, 0.3 parts magnesium chloride, 0.2 parts potassium iodide, 0.2 parts sodium borate, 0.2 parts zinc chloride, 0.1 parts manganese nitrate, 0.2 parts copper chloride, 0.2 parts ferric chloride, 0.2 parts vitamins, 0.2 parts amino acids, 0.08 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.1 parts gibberellin, and 1500 parts water; wherein the banana juice is prepared by: slicing peeled bananas into 2mm thin slices, mixing with deionized water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 50g:850mL, boiling over medium-low heat for 15 minutes, filtering, and adjusting the volume to 1000mL.

[0083] The vitamins are vitamin A and vitamin D in a 1:1 mass ratio; the amino acids are cystine and serine in a 1:1 mass ratio.

[0084] The steps for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using the above-mentioned seed germination solution are as follows:

[0085] Disinfect the seeds of Masson pine with a 0.4‰ mercury solution for 3 minutes. Then, soak the disinfected seeds in an 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 solution at 47℃ for 9 hours using a microwave at 220W. After soaking, rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Next, soak the rinsed seeds in the seed germination solution at 41℃ for 5 hours. Rinse the soaked seeds twice with distilled water. Cultivate the seedlings until they are 6 months old. Thirty days before transplanting, prune lateral branches with a branching angle less than 45 degrees along the main branch to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0086] Example 7

[0087] A seed germination promoter, comprising the following ingredients: 260 parts banana juice, 4 parts potassium nitrate, 3 parts sodium phosphate, 3 parts ammonium chloride, 0.5 parts calcium chloride, 0.3 parts magnesium chloride, 0.2 parts potassium iodide, 0.2 parts sodium borate, 0.2 parts zinc chloride, 0.1 parts manganese nitrate, 0.2 parts copper chloride, 0.2 parts ferric chloride, 0.2 parts vitamins, 0.2 parts amino acids, 0.08 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.1 parts gibberellin, and 1500 parts water; wherein the banana juice is prepared by: slicing peeled bananas into 3mm thin slices, mixing with deionized water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 50g:850mL, boiling over medium-low heat for 20 minutes, filtering, and adjusting the volume to 1000mL.

[0088] The vitamins are vitamin A and vitamin D in a mass ratio of 1:0.5; the amino acids are cystine and serine in a mass ratio of 1:1.5.

[0089] The steps for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using the above-mentioned seed germination solution are as follows:

[0090] Disinfect the seeds of Masson pine with a 0.4‰ mercury solution for 3 minutes. Then, soak the disinfected seeds in an 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 solution at 47℃ for 9 hours using a microwave at 220W. After soaking, rinse the seeds twice with distilled water. Next, soak the rinsed seeds in the seed germination solution at 41℃ for 5 hours. Rinse the soaked seeds twice with distilled water. Cultivate the seedlings until they are 6 months old. Thirty days before transplanting, prune lateral branches with a branching angle less than 45 degrees along the main branch to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings.

[0091] Example 8

[0092] A method for cultivating knot-free high-quality Masson pine timber, the steps of which are as follows:

[0093] (1) Select and clear the afforestation site with a ground slope of 24.1 degrees, dig and prepare the land in holes, and plant the high-quality Masson pine seedlings cultivated in Example 1 in each hole, with a row spacing of 2 meters and a plant spacing of 3 meters.

[0094] (2) Prune 5.5-year-old Masson pine in February, using a pruning intensity of 40% of the tree height. The pruning should be handled according to the parameters of the Masson pine branch stump burial area formula to facilitate the formation of knot-free high-quality timber.

[0095] S = 1 / 2 × (C + C') × L + π × r 2 =π×R×L+π×r×L+π×r 2 =π×R×L+π×n×△d×L+π×(n×

[0096] △d) 2

[0097] In the formula: S represents the area of ​​the pine branch stump embedded in the soil; C and C' are the circumferences of the upper and lower bases of the pine branch stump, respectively; L is the length of the branch stump retained, where L = 0 cm; 1 / 2 × (C + C') × L represents the lateral surface area of ​​the branch stump; R is the radius of the lower base circle of the branch stump; π is pi, taken as 3.14; r is the radius of the upper base circle of the branch stump, π × r 2 Let r represent the area of ​​the upper base circle of the branch stump, where r = 1 cm; n represents the number of years the branch was wrapped, where n = 2; and Δd represents the average annual radial growth of the Masson pine.

[0098] (3) The afforestation density is 111 trees / mu. In the 6th year, a sanitary felling is carried out to remove trees with a diameter at breast height of less than 5cm that are under pressure and susceptible to disease and insects, leaving a density of 100 trees / mu. In the 8th year, pine forest thinning is carried out according to the principles of cutting small trees and keeping large trees, cutting curved trees and keeping straight trees, cutting diseased and insect-infested trees, and cutting dense trees and keeping sparse trees. The thinning ratio is 8%, and the pine forest density is adjusted to 90 trees / mu.

[0099] (4) After 10 years of cultivation, the dry wood of Masson pine is knot-free and of good quality, and can be harvested and sold.

[0100] Example 9

[0101] A method for cultivating knot-free high-quality Masson pine timber, the steps of which are as follows:

[0102] (1) Select and clear the afforestation site with a ground slope of 27.3 degrees, dig and prepare the land in pits, and plant the high-quality Masson pine seedlings cultivated in Example 3 in each pit with a row spacing of 2 meters and a plant spacing of 2.5 meters.

[0103] (2) Prune 5.5-year-old Masson pine in February, using a pruning intensity of 40% of the tree height. The pruning should be handled according to the parameters of the Masson pine branch stump burial area formula to facilitate the formation of knot-free high-quality timber.

[0104] S = 1 / 2 × (C + C') × L + π × r 2 =π×R×L+π×r×L+π×r 2 =π×R×L+π×n×△d×L+π×(n×

[0105] △d) 2

[0106] In the formula: S represents the area of ​​the pine branch stump embedded in the soil; C and C' are the circumferences of the upper and lower bases of the pine branch stump, respectively; L is the length of the branch stump retained, L satisfies: L=0.5cm; 1 / 2×(C+C')×L represents the lateral surface area of ​​the branch stump; R is the radius of the lower base circle of the branch stump; π is pi, taken as 3.14; r is the radius of the upper base circle of the branch stump, π×r 2 Let r represent the area of ​​the upper base circle of the branch stump, satisfying: r = 0.5 cm; n represents the number of years the branch was wrapped, n = 3; and Δd represents the average annual radial growth of the Masson pine.

[0107] (3) The afforestation density is 133 trees / mu. In the 5th year, a sanitary felling is carried out once to remove weak or diseased trees with a diameter at breast height of less than 4cm, and the remaining density is 107 trees / mu. In the 7th year, the pine forest is thinned according to the principles of cutting small trees and keeping large trees, cutting curved trees and keeping straight trees, cutting diseased and insect-infested trees, and cutting dense trees and keeping sparse trees. The thinning ratio is 23%, and the pine forest density is adjusted to 80 trees / mu.

[0108] (4) After 10 years of cultivation, the dry wood of Masson pine is knot-free and of good quality, and can be harvested and sold.

[0109] Example 10

[0110] A method for cultivating knot-free high-quality Masson pine timber, the steps of which are as follows:

[0111] (1) Select and clear the afforestation site with a ground slope of 18.4 degrees, dig and prepare the land in pits, and plant the high-quality Masson pine seedlings cultivated in Example 4 in each pit with a row spacing of 2.5 meters and a plant spacing of 3 meters.

[0112] (2) Prune 5.5-year-old Masson pine in February with a pruning strength of 40% of the tree height. The pruning should be carried out according to the parameters of the Masson pine branch stump burial area formula to facilitate the formation of knot-free high-quality timber.

[0113] S = 1 / 2 × (C + C') × L + π × r 2 =π×R×L+π×r×L+π×r 2 =π×R×L+π×n×△d×L+π×(n×

[0114] △d) 2

[0115] In the formula: S represents the area of ​​the pine branch stump embedded in the soil; C and C' are the circumferences of the upper and lower bases of the pine branch stump, respectively; L is the length of the branch stump retained, L satisfies: L=1cm; 1 / 2×(C+C')×L represents the lateral surface area of ​​the branch stump; R is the radius of the lower base circle of the branch stump; π is pi, taken as 3.14; r is the radius of the upper base circle of the branch stump, π×r 2 Let r represent the area of ​​the upper base circle of the branch stump, satisfying: r = 1.5 cm; n represents the number of years the branch was wrapped, n = 4; and Δd represents the average annual radial growth of the Masson pine.

[0116] (3) The afforestation density is 89 trees / mu. In the 6th year, the pine forest thinning is carried out according to the principles of cutting small trees and keeping large trees, cutting curved trees and keeping straight trees, cutting diseased and insect-infested trees, and cutting dense trees and keeping sparse trees. The thinning ratio is 10%, and the pine forest density is adjusted to 80 trees / mu.

[0117] (4) After 10 years of cultivation, the dry wood of Masson pine is knot-free and of good quality, and can be harvested and sold.

[0118] Comparative Example 1

[0119] The cultivation method is basically the same as in Example 8, except that a traditional accelerator solution (20 mmol / L Ca) is used. 2+ A mixture of solution and 50 mg / L GA3 solution can be used instead of the germination-promoting solution of the present invention.

[0120] Comparative Example 2

[0121] The cultivation method is basically the same as in Example 8, except that the pruning adopts the traditional pruning method (randomly cutting with a knife, leaving rough and uneven stubs that are very easy to rot and fall off, causing cavities and dead knots, such as...). Figure 6 (As shown).

[0122] Experimental Example 1

[0123] (I) Obtaining high-quality Masson pine seedlings from bud-promoting solution

[0124] 1. Seed germination test

[0125] Seed disinfection involved soaking the seeds in a 0.3% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, followed by rinsing three times with purified water until the potassium permanganate was completely removed. The experiment included two treatment groups: one treated with 50℃ warm water and the other with a nutrient solution (seed germination promoter). Each treatment contained 100 seeds, and the treatments were replicated three times. Both treatments involved soaking the seeds for 24 hours and then germinating them at a constant temperature of 28℃ for 2 days. The results showed that the seed emergence rates in the warm water and germination promoter treatments were 35.3% and 59.7%, respectively. The nutrient solution treatment significantly improved the emergence rate by 69.1% compared to the warm water treatment.

[0126] 2. Seedling cultivation

[0127] Fertilization and exogenous nutrient solution were started 30 days after transplanting Masson pine seedlings. Two treatment groups were set up: one for fertilization and one for nutrient solution. The fertilization group received a compound fertilizer concentration of 0.15% + urea concentration of 0.15% (0.15 catties of fertilizer per 100 catties of water; the fertilizer was a high-efficiency, high-mass element water-soluble fertilizer, registration number DLSRGD2021-00025). The nutrient solution group received the same amount of nutrient solution. Each treatment lasted 10 days, with 50 seedlings per group, and was repeated three times. Seedling height and ground diameter were compared between 100-day-old and 6-month-old seedlings.

[0128] Table 1. Seedling growth in different groups

[0129]

[0130] Table 1 shows that the differences between the nutrient solution treatment and the fertilization treatment were significant, with the nutrient solution treatment being significantly better than the fertilization treatment. The nutrient solution treatment increased the seedling height by 41.93% at 100 days compared to the fertilization treatment, the nutrient solution treatment increased the ground diameter by 35.46% at 100 days compared to the fertilization treatment, the nutrient solution treatment increased the seedling height by 27.91% at 6 months compared to the fertilization treatment, and the nutrient solution treatment increased the ground diameter by 16.77% at 6 months compared to the fertilization treatment.

[0131] (II) Correlation between Node Angle and Dead Node Rate

[0132] Trees reaching 13 years of age (17.0 cm diameter at breast height, 15.1 m height, and 7.5 m height below the branch) were felled (see page 16, 2008 experimental forest, felled in February 2021). A pruning experiment and node dissection study were conducted. The statistical results of the main descriptive parameters of the nodes are shown in Table 2. The node attachment angle, node length, node diameter, and dead node rate of *Pinus massoniana* were 20°–90°, 1.3–17.0 cm, 0.5–3.7 cm, and 0%–100%, respectively. The coefficients of variation for each parameter all exceeded 30%, indicating significant intra-plant variability in node morphology.

[0133] Table 2 Statistical results of the main descriptive parameters of the subsection.

[0134]

[0135] The average values ​​of node attachment angle, node length, node diameter, and dead node rate were 52°, 7.6 cm, 1.8 cm, and 46%, respectively. According to existing reports, the node attachment angle, node length, and node diameter in 37-53 year old larch plantations were 45°, 8.0 cm, and 1.1 cm, respectively, while those in 14-47 year old Scots pine plantations were 46°, 7.7 cm, and 2.0 cm, respectively. Comparison shows that in this invention, the node attachment angle is greater than that of larch and Scots pine; the node length is similar to that of larch and Scots pine; and the node diameter is slightly smaller than that of Scots pine but significantly larger than that of larch. In conclusion, the main parameters of nodes show certain differences among different tree species.

[0136] Pearson correlation analysis was performed using SPSS software on node attachment angle, node length, node diameter, and dead node rate. The results are shown in Table 3. Node attachment angle is the parameter with the greatest impact on node characteristics. It is significantly negatively correlated with node length and node diameter at the P<0.01 level, and significantly positively correlated with dead node rate at the P<0.01 level. This indicates that the larger the node attachment angle, the smaller the node length and node diameter, but the higher the dead node rate. The absolute value of the correlation coefficient between node length and node diameter (0.673) is significantly higher than the absolute values ​​of other correlation coefficients, indicating the strongest correlation. This also confirms that the radial and vertical growth of nodes is basically synchronous. Dead node rate shows a negative correlation with both node length and node diameter, but only a significant correlation exists with node diameter (P<0.01). This indicates that dead node rate is greatly affected by node diameter; the larger the node diameter, the fewer dead nodes are formed.

[0137] Table 3 shows the correlation analysis results of the main descriptive parameters of the subsection.

[0138]

[0139] Note:" ** "" indicates a significant correlation at the P<0.01 level.

[0140] (III) Study on the Influence of Different Retention Lengths of Masson Pine Branches on the Burial Effect

[0141] 1. Overview of the test site

[0142] The experimental site is located in Huashan Forest Farm, Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi (108°18′22.88″E, 25°07′44.21″N), on the southern slope of the Jiwan Mountains, at an altitude of 340m and a slope of 15°, in a low mountain and hilly terrain. It has a mid-subtropical monsoon climate with abundant sunshine and heat throughout the year, distinct wet and dry seasons, an average annual temperature of 20.2℃, an annual rainfall of 1388.7mm, a frost-free period of 290 days, and an average annual sunshine duration of 1251.3 hours. The parent rock of the forest soil is sandstone, with red soil, a topsoil layer of about 10cm thick, a soil layer of about 80cm thick, and a gravel content of less than 20%.

[0143] 2. Experimental Materials and Design

[0144] The experimental forest was established in May 2008 with an initial planting density of 2,500 trees / hm². 2 The 4-year-old stands are completely closed, and natural pruning begins at the 5-year-old stage. Pruning is carried out when the stands reach the 6-year-old stage. Before pruning, the stand density is 2125 trees / hm². 2 The secondary area was determined by the length of the retained branch stumps. Within the main area's pruning treatment, four treatments were set up with retained branch stump lengths of 0.0cm, 1.0cm, 1.5cm, and 2.0cm, with 11 plants in each treatment. The healing of the cuts was observed. Various indicators were measured every December after pruning, and monitoring was conducted continuously for two years.

[0145] 3. Healing status of pruning wounds

[0146] Observations revealed that pruning wounds in Masson pine heal by burying the trunk from both sides, while wounds with retained branch stumps cannot heal through the cambium layer surrounding the cut. The healing rate of pruning wounds in Masson pine decreases with increasing branch stump length. The healing mechanism of pruning wounds in Masson pine involves burying the trunk from both sides towards the center, and the healing speed is influenced by the wound size, branch stump length, and radial growth rate of the tree. Larger pruning wounds require longer burying times and heal more slowly; longer branch stumps also require longer burying times and heal more slowly; slower radial growth rates also require longer burying times and heal more slowly. Wounds with retained branch stumps of 1.0 cm in length can heal, while wounds larger than 1.0 cm cannot heal; the branch stump dies and falls off before burying, forming dead knots or cavities.

[0147] (IV) Study on the effects of different pruning intensities on tree height and volume growth of Masson pine

[0148] 1. Overview of the test site

[0149] The experimental site is located in Huashan Forest Farm, Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, Guangxi (108°18′22.88″E, 25°07′44.21″N), on the southern slope of the Jiwan Mountains, at an altitude of 340m and a slope of 15°, in a low mountain and hilly terrain. It has a mid-subtropical monsoon climate with abundant sunshine and heat throughout the year, distinct wet and dry seasons, an average annual temperature of 20.2℃, an annual rainfall of 1388.7mm, a frost-free period of 290 days, and an average annual sunshine duration of 1251.3 hours. The parent rock of the forest soil is sandstone, with red soil, a topsoil layer of about 10cm thick, a soil layer of about 80cm thick, and a gravel content of less than 20%.

[0150] 2. Experimental Materials and Design

[0151] The experimental forest was established in May 2008 with an initial planting density of 2,500 trees / hm². 2 The 4-year-old stands are completely closed, and natural pruning begins at the 5-year-old stage. Pruning is carried out when the stands reach the 6-year-old stage. Before pruning, the stand density is 2125 trees / hm². 2 Growth indicators are shown in Table 4. In February 2015, pruning was carried out using a handsaw with a flat cut method. A split-plot experimental design was adopted, with the main plot representing pruning intensity. Four treatments were set up: light pruning (removing branches below 30.0% of the tree height), moderate pruning (removing branches below 40.0% of the tree height), heavy pruning (removing branches below 50.0% of the tree height), and control (no pruning). Each treatment consisted of 44 trees, with three replicates. Before pruning, the diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, and branch height were measured for each tree in each treatment. After pruning, the branch height was measured again for each tree. All indicators were measured every December after pruning, and monitoring was carried out continuously for two years.

[0152] Table 4. Basic information of forest stands under different pruning treatments before pruning.

[0153]

[0154] Note: The values ​​in the table are mean ± standard deviation, and the same applies below.

[0155] 3. Data Processing

[0156] Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Excel 2010. To eliminate the influence of initial conditions on the pruning experiment results, analysis of covariance was used to analyze the differences in diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, and volume growth after each treatment. The LSD method was used to perform multiple comparisons of the corrected mean from the analysis of covariance. The formula for calculating the volume of a single Masson pine tree was: Vsingle = 0.714265437 × 102 -4 ×D 1.867008 ×H 0.9014632 Where D and H are the plant's diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height, respectively.

[0157] 4. The effect of pruning on tree height growth

[0158] In the first year after pruning, there was no obvious pattern in the annual height growth of *Pinus massoniana*, and the differences between treatments were not significant (Table 5). In the second year after pruning, the height growth of all pruning treatments was slightly greater than that of the control. The annual height growth of the moderate pruning treatment was significantly different from that of the control and the light pruning treatments, while the differences among other treatments were not significant. In the comparison of total height growth two years after pruning, the total height growth of the light pruning treatment was lower than that of the control, while the moderate and heavy pruning treatments were slightly higher than that of the control. The moderate pruning treatment had the largest total height growth two years after pruning, but the differences between it and the control were not significant. It can be seen that the effect of pruning on tree height growth appears in the second year after pruning, with the moderate pruning treatment (pruning intensity of 40.0% of tree height) having the best promoting effect on tree height growth. In the comparison of total growth over two years, the effect of pruning on the height growth of *Pinus massoniana* was weak and did not reach a significant level.

[0159] Table 5. Corrected mean height growth of Masson pine trees under different pruning treatments

[0160]

[0161]

[0162] 5. The effect of pruning on timber volume growth

[0163] The effects of pruning on the volumetric growth of *Pinus massoniana* were mainly observed in the first year after pruning (Table 6). The annual volumetric growth of all pruning treatments was less than that of the control, and this growth decreased with increasing pruning intensity. The annual volumetric growth of the light and heavy pruning treatments was significantly different from the control, indicating that light and heavy pruning had a significant negative effect on the volumetric growth of *Pinus massoniana*. In the second year after pruning, the volumetric growth of the light, medium, and heavy pruning treatments was slightly less than that of the control, but the differences in annual volumetric growth among the treatments were not significant, indicating that pruning had a weak negative effect on the volumetric growth of *Pinus massoniana* in the second year, but this effect was not statistically significant. Two years after pruning, the total volumetric growth of the light, medium, and heavy pruning treatments was less than that of the control, but the differences in total volumetric growth among the treatments were not significant, indicating that pruning had a certain negative effect on the volumetric growth of 6-year-old *Pinus massoniana*, but this effect was not statistically significant. In conclusion, pruning has a negative effect on the volume growth of 6-year-old Masson pine. This effect mainly occurs in the first year after pruning and weakens over time, but has no significant impact on the long-term growth of 6-year-old Masson pine.

[0164] Table 6 Corrected mean values ​​of single-tree volume growth of *Pinus massoniana* under different pruning treatments

[0165]

[0166] (V) Experimental Study on the Starting Age and Intensity of Pruning of Masson Pine

[0167] 1. Experimental Design

[0168] (1) Experimental Design: Three initial pruning ages were set up: 3.5 years, 4.5 years, and 5.5 years. Each experiment included four pruning intensity treatments: mild (removing branches below 1 / 3 of the tree height), moderate (removing branches below 1 / 2 of the tree height), severe (removing branches below 2 / 3 of the tree height), and no pruning control. Each treatment covered an area of ​​400 m². 2 .

[0169] (2) Pruning method: The reverse pruning method was used. Pruning was carried out in January of the year of the initial age, and the length of the branch stump was 0cm. Before pruning, the diameter at breast height, tree height and other forest growth indicators were measured as basic data. Two years after pruning, the various growth indicators were measured and the growth differences were analyzed.

[0170] 2. Results and Analysis

[0171] (1) Analysis of growth differences in 3.5-year-old pruning stands

[0172] As shown in Table 7, the growth indicators of the trees treated with pruning were generally higher than those of the control, but the results of the analysis of variance (Table 8) showed that the difference was not statistically significant.

[0173] Table 7. Statistical results of growth indicators of 3.5-year-old stands under initial pruning

[0174]

[0175] Table 8. Analysis of variance of growth indicators of 3.5-year-old stands under initial pruning

[0176]

[0177] (2) Analysis of growth differences in 4.5-year-old pruning stands

[0178] As shown in Table 9, all growth indicators of trees under pruning treatment were lower than those under control, except for those under moderate pruning which were slightly higher. The results of the analysis of variance (Table 10) showed that the differences were not statistically significant.

[0179] Table 9. Statistical results of growth indicators of 4.5-year-old stands under initial pruning.

[0180]

[0181]

[0182] Table 104.5a Analysis of Variance of Growth Indicators of Forest Stands Under Initial Pruning

[0183]

[0184] (3) Analysis of growth differences in 5.5-year-old pruning stands

[0185] As shown in Table 11, all growth indicators of trees treated with pruning were higher than those of the control, but the results of the analysis of variance (Table 12) showed that the difference was not statistically significant.

[0186] Table 11 Statistical results of growth indicators of 5.5-year-old stands under initial pruning

[0187]

[0188] Table 12. Analysis of variance of growth indicators of 5.5-year-old stands under initial pruning

[0189]

[0190]

[0191] 3. Conclusion

[0192] In summary, in the experiments on different pruning initiation ages of *Pinus massoniana*, there were no statistically significant differences in growth between the light, moderate, and strong pruning intensities (3.5 years, 4.5 years, and 5.5 years) and the control at these ages, indicating that pruning at these ages has little impact on tree growth. Regarding growth volume, the ratio of volume growth of the pruning treatment to the control was generally higher in stands pruned at 5.5 years compared to the other two ages, indicating that pruning at this age has a better growth-promoting effect on *Pinus massoniana*. In stands pruned at 3.5 years, the ratio of volume growth of the moderate pruning treatment to the control was the highest, indicating that moderate pruning at this age is the most ideal for promoting *Pinus massoniana* growth. In conclusion, pruning at the above ages has no significant impact on tree growth; therefore, to save costs and better promote tree growth, pruning at 5.5 years is suitable.

[0193] Experimental Example 2

[0194] The germination rate of Masson pine seeds and the economic benefits per mu of Masson pine in Examples 8-10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 13.

[0195] Table 13 Germination rate of Pinus massoniana seeds in different groups and economic benefits per mu of Pinus massoniana.

[0196]

[0197]

[0198] As shown in the table above, the average germination rate of Masson pine seeds obtained using the methods of Examples 8-10 was 19.6% higher than that of Comparative Example 1; the average number of knots in boards from trees with a height of 2m decreased by 44.4% compared to the Comparative Example. The economic benefits obtained using the methods of Examples 8-10 were far greater than those obtained using the method of Comparative Example 1. Examples 8-10 increased the benefits by 13.9%, 20.91%, and 17.16% compared to Comparative Example 1, respectively, and by 85.59%, 96.94%, and 90.83% compared to Comparative Example 2, respectively. The knot-free high-quality timber cultivated using the methods of Examples 8-10 has significant use value.

[0199] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Masson pine seedlings using seed germination-promoting solution, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) After disinfection, the Masson pine seeds were soaked in polyethylene glycol 6000 solution and the seed germination solution in sequence, and then rinsed and cultivated. (2) When the seedlings of Masson pine are 5-7 months old, and 30 days before they are planted, gradually cut the lateral branches of Masson pine seedlings with a branching angle of less than 45 degrees along the main branches to obtain high-quality Masson pine seedlings. The seed germination-promoting solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-300 parts banana juice, 2-5 parts potassium nitrate, 2-4 parts sodium phosphate, 2-4 parts ammonium chloride, 0.4-0.7 parts calcium chloride, 0.2-0.4 parts magnesium chloride, 0.1-0.3 parts potassium iodide, 0.1-0.3 parts sodium borate, 0.15-0.3 parts zinc chloride, 0.05-0.2 parts manganese nitrate, 0.1-0.3 parts copper chloride, 0.1-0.3 parts ferric chloride, 0.1-0.3 parts vitamins, 0.1-0.3 parts amino acids, 0.07-0.1 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.08-0.12 parts gibberellin, and 1000-2000 parts water. When the vitamins are vitamin A and vitamin D, the mass ratio of vitamin A to vitamin D is 1:(0.5-1.5); When the amino acids are cystine and serine, the mass ratio of cystine to serine is 1:(0.5-1.5); The process of immersing in polyethylene glycol 6000 solution is accompanied by microwave treatment, wherein the power of the microwave is 200-300W, the immersion time is 7-9 hours, and the immersion temperature is 46-50℃. The seed germination solution is soaked for 3-5 hours at a temperature of 40-43°C.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disinfection process uses a mercury solution with a mass percentage concentration of 0.4-0.6‰, and the disinfection time is 2-3 minutes.

3. A method for cultivating knot-free high-quality Masson pine timber, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) After determining the afforestation site, prepare the land and plant the high-quality Masson pine seedlings cultivated by the method described in claim 1. Determine the row and plant spacing according to the slope. If the slope of the afforestation site is 20-35 degrees, the row spacing is 1.5-2 meters and the plant spacing is 2-3 meters; if the slope of the afforestation site is <20 degrees, then carry out afforestation in the manner of row spacing of 2-3 meters and plant spacing of 2.5-3.5 meters. (2) Prune the branches and process them according to the formula for the area of ​​the pine branch stump; The formula for the area of ​​the pine branch stump buried is S=1 / 2×(C+C')×L+π×r 2 =π×R×L+π×n×△d×L+π×(n×△d) 2 ; In the formula, S represents the area of ​​the pine branch stump buried, C represents the circumference of the upper base of the pine branch stump, C' represents the circumference of the lower base of the pine branch stump, L represents the length of the pine branch stump retained, r is the radius of the upper base circle of the pine branch stump, R is the radius of the lower base circle of the pine branch stump, π is pi, which is taken as 3.14; n represents the burial time, which is calculated in years; △d represents the average annual radial growth of the pine. The range of L is 0 ≤ L ≤ 1 cm, and the range of r is 0 < r ≤ 1.5 cm; (3) Thinning should be carried out according to the principles of cutting small trees and keeping large trees, cutting curved trees and keeping straight trees, cutting diseased and insect-infested trees, and cutting dense trees and keeping sparse trees. The density of Masson pine forest should be adjusted to 80-100 trees / mu and cultivated until the Masson pine matures and is harvested.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the Masson pine trees that have grown to 3 years or more are pruned, and the pruning is carried out from January to March.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thinning process described in step (3) is performed 2-3 times.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cultivation time for Masson pine in step (3) shall not be less than 10 years.

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