Positioning device for fastener machining

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of fastener processing, and discloses a positioning device for fastener processing, which comprises a base, a rack fixedly installed at the top end of the base, guide blocks installed at the left and right sides of the rack, and a fixed guide rail fixedly installed at the position close to the top end of the inner side of the rack and connected with the external guide rail through the guide blocks. The application realizes the descent of the movable plate by destroying the balance state, and finally realizes the mutual approach of the multiple outer clamping blocks, so that the bolts with different diameters can be quickly clamped. The whole process can be quickly completed, and the bolts with different diameters can be quickly positioned by adjusting the hydraulic oil capacity entering the top end of the first piston plate. Meanwhile, the four-point positioning can effectively avoid the inclination problem caused by the positioning mode of the traditional device, and the bolts with different specifications can be quickly positioned without using special clamps, so that the use cost is reduced and the positioning precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fastener processing technology, specifically a positioning device for fastener processing. Background Technology

[0002] A cold heading machine is a machining tool used to manufacture fasteners (such as bolts and nuts). It primarily processes metal wire by deforming it at room temperature, transforming raw metal wire into fasteners with specific shapes and dimensions. Common fasteners are mainly bolts and nuts. During the processing of bolts or nuts, positioning devices are typically used to assist in positioning the bolts or nuts, facilitating processing. To improve the processing quality of fasteners, specific machining positioning devices are usually used to assist in the fastener processing.

[0003] In the processing of fasteners such as bolts, it is necessary to limit and fix the bolts to facilitate processing. Conventional positioning methods mainly use positioning fixtures or custom fixtures to achieve bolt processing. The former generally consists of two movable clamping blocks, which clamp the bolt by moving relative to each other. Although this clamping method can quickly fix the bolt, it only uses two-point positioning for clamping, which can cause the bolt to tilt during processing, affecting the processing quality. The latter uses a workpiece fixture adapted to the bolt, that is, a fixture with holes of the same diameter as the bolt to limit the bolt. Although this positioning method can prevent the bolt from tilting during processing, different custom fixtures are required for different bolt parts, resulting in higher costs.

[0004] When machining nuts, the machining process mainly focuses on the outer surface, making the positioning devices used for bolts unsuitable. This means that the bolts cannot be fixed from the outer surface, requiring different fixtures to be used to achieve internal support and fixation. However, bolts and nuts are usually machined as a set, leading to frequent changes in fixtures during the machining process, resulting in low overall machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a positioning device for fastener processing to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a positioning device for fastener processing, comprising a base, a frame fixedly mounted on the top of the base, guide blocks mounted on both the left and right sides of the frame, the frame being interlocked with external guide rails via the guide blocks, and four fixed guide rails fixedly mounted at equal angles on the inner side of the frame near the top, each fixed guide rail having a movable block movably engaged inside, an extension rod fixedly connected to the end of each movable block away from the frame, the end of the extension rod away from the movable block penetrating one side of the fixed guide rail and fixedly connected to an external clamping block, each external clamping block having a through-hole at its top. The groove has an internal support block that is movably engaged inside it. The internal support block moves vertically relative to the groove. A drive assembly is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the base. A movable plate is provided above the drive assembly. The movable plate is connected to a partial structure of the drive assembly. A first fixed seat is fixedly installed at an equal angle at the top of the movable plate. The number of first fixed seats is the same as the number of fixed guide rails. A connecting rod is movably connected to the end of the first fixed seat away from the movable plate via a rotating shaft. A second fixed seat is movably connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the first fixed seat via a rotating shaft. The top of the second fixed seat is connected to the bottom of the movable block. A groove is provided in the middle of the connecting rod.

[0007] The drive assembly includes a temporary storage tube, the bottom end of which is connected to the middle of the top of the base. A first piston plate is movably sleeved inside the temporary storage tube. The first piston plate moves up and down relative to the temporary storage tube. A first piston rod is fixedly connected to the top of the first piston plate. The top of the first piston rod passes through the top of the temporary storage tube and is connected to the bottom of the movable plate.

[0008] Before use, the device must first be connected to the external guide rail via the guide block on the outer side of the frame to ensure that the device can be moved through the external guide rail, facilitating the feeding and discharging of bolts or nuts. The overall displacement of the device is matched with the automatic feeding and discharging devices to improve processing efficiency. This device is suitable for the processing of bolts and nuts. In the initial state, it is suitable for positioning bolts, and after adjustment, it is suitable for positioning nuts. When the device is located directly below the automatic feeding device, the preparation for bolt positioning is completed.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an upper oil discharge valve and an upper oil inlet valve are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the outer side of the temporary storage tube near the top, respectively, and a lower oil discharge valve and a lower oil inlet valve are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the outer side of the temporary storage tube near the bottom, respectively. The upper oil inlet valve and the upper oil discharge valve are located above the first piston plate, and the lower oil inlet valve and the lower oil discharge valve are located below the first piston plate.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the ends of the upper oil inlet valve and the lower oil inlet valve away from the temporary storage pipe are both fixedly connected to oil delivery pipes. An oil storage tank is provided at the right end of the temporary storage pipe, and a three-way valve is provided at the left end of the oil storage tank. The right end of the three-way valve is connected to the oil storage tank, and the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve are respectively connected to the two oil delivery pipes. An oil pump is built into the oil storage tank, and the oil storage tank is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the upper oil discharge valve is fixedly connected to the upper recovery tank at the end away from the temporary storage pipe, and the lower oil discharge valve is fixedly connected to the lower recovery tank at the end away from the temporary storage pipe. A first return spring is movably sleeved on the outer side of the first piston rod, and the upper and lower ends of the first return spring are respectively connected to the bottom end of the movable plate and the top end of the temporary storage pipe.

[0012] Hydraulic oil is filled between the top of the inner cavity of the temporary storage tube and the top of the first piston plate, and hydraulic oil is also filled between the bottom of the first piston plate and the bottom of the inner cavity of the temporary storage tube. The valves of the upper and lower oil discharge valves are normally closed in the initial state. In the initial state, the hydraulic oil at the upper and lower ends of the first piston plate is in a balanced state to ensure that the first piston plate is located in the middle of the temporary storage tube.

[0013] When bolt positioning is required, the entire device is positioned directly below the automatic feeding device. At this time, the valve at the top of the three-way valve can be opened, and the oil pump inside the oil tank can be activated. Simultaneously, the lower drain valve is opened. The hydraulic oil inside the oil tank can then be pressurized and discharged from the top of the three-way valve, and introduced into the interior of the first piston plate through the oil delivery pipe. That is, it enters from the top of the first piston plate. At this time, the hydraulic oil between the top of the temporary storage tube and the top of the first piston plate increases. The first piston plate is then subjected to pressure and descends, which in turn drives the first piston rod to descend. The first return spring is then compressed. The hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate is then subjected to pressure and discharged through the lower drain valve into the interior of the lower recovery tank for temporary storage, thus completing the temporary storage and recovery of hydraulic oil.

[0014] When the first piston rod moves downward, the movable plate moves downward as well. The connecting rod at the top of the first fixed seat is then pulled downward and deflected accordingly. That is, multiple connecting rods deflect towards the center. At this time, a pulling force is applied to the movable block, which causes the movable block to move relative to the fixed guide rail. That is, multiple movable blocks move closer together, and multiple outer clamping blocks move closer together as well. This reduces the diameter of the ring formed by the inner surfaces of the multiple outer clamping blocks. In conjunction with the automatic feeding of the bolt, the outer surface of the bolt comes into contact with the bolt until the bolt is clamped between the four outer clamping blocks, completing the bolt positioning process.

[0015] By incorporating four external clamping blocks that can be adjusted simultaneously, and in conjunction with the pressure of hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil at the top of the first piston plate is increased when needed, disrupting the balance of hydraulic oil at both ends of the first piston plate. This disruption of the balance causes the movable plate to descend, ultimately bringing the multiple external clamping blocks closer together to quickly clamp bolts of different diameters. The entire process can be completed rapidly. Adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil entering the top of the first piston plate allows for quick positioning of bolts of different diameters. Furthermore, the four-point positioning effectively avoids the tilting problem that is common in traditional positioning methods. It also eliminates the need for special fixtures, enabling rapid positioning of bolts of different specifications, reducing operating costs, and improving positioning accuracy.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an oil storage channel is provided in the middle of the first piston rod, and a secondary valve is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first piston plate. The output end of the secondary valve is connected to the oil storage channel, and the input end of the secondary valve is located inside the temporary storage tube and the secondary valve has a built-in solenoid valve.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a second piston plate is movably sleeved inside the oil storage channel. The second piston plate moves up and down relative to the oil storage channel. A second piston rod is fixedly connected to the top of the second piston plate. The diameter of the second piston rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the oil storage channel. A through hole is opened in the middle of the movable plate. The top of the second piston rod passes through the top of the first piston rod and the through hole in the middle of the movable plate in sequence.

[0018] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the top end of the second piston rod is fixedly connected to a support plate located at the top end of the movable plate, and a second return spring is movably sleeved on the outer side of the second piston rod. The upper and lower ends of the second return spring are respectively connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the oil storage channel and the bottom end of the second piston plate. When the second return spring is in the initial position, the bottom end of the support plate is in contact with the top end of the movable plate.

[0019] When the nut needs to be positioned, it is released in conjunction with the external automatic unloading device. As the four outer clamping blocks approach each other during bolt positioning, when the nut is released, it will fall directly onto the top of the four outer clamping blocks. At the same time, the through grooves on the outer clamping blocks are located between the threaded holes in the middle of the nut, thus completing the nut support process.

[0020] When the nut needs to be positioned, the valve at the top of the three-way valve can be closed, while the valve at the bottom of the three-way valve can be opened simultaneously. The upper drain valve should be kept open, while the lower drain valve should be closed. At the same time, the auxiliary valve should be opened. The hydraulic oil inside the reservoir can then be pressurized and discharged through the oil supply pipe at the bottom, entering the bottom of the temporary storage pipe. The auxiliary valve should be open at this time. As the hydraulic oil increases, the increased hydraulic oil will enter the reservoir channel through the auxiliary valve. This will apply upward pressure to the second piston plate, causing the second piston plate and the second piston rod to rise. At this time, the second return spring is compressed, the support plate moves upward, and the multiple support frames at the top move upward until the top of the magnetic strip contacts the bottom of the extension frame and completes the adsorption.

[0021] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an extension frame is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the inner support block, and a support frame is provided below the extension frame. The support frame is set at an equal angle above the support plate and the bottom end of the support frame is connected to the top end of the support plate. The bottom end of the extension frame penetrates the interior of the through groove, and the extension frame is displaced relative to the through groove.

[0022] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the support frame is provided with slots inside, and a card block is movably engaged inside the slot. A magnetic strip is fixedly connected to the top of the card block, and the bottom of the extension frame is attracted to the top of the magnetic strip.

[0023] In the initial state, when the first piston plate is located in the middle of the temporary storage tube, the hydraulic oil at both ends of the first piston plate is in a balanced state. At this time, the bottom end of the extension frame contacts the bottom end of the magnetic strip and completes the adsorption. The inner support block will be pushed upward. At this time, the top end of the inner support block is flush with the top end of the outer clamping block. When the bolt is positioned, that is, when the movable plate moves down, the support plate can be moved down simultaneously. At this time, the magnetic strip will no longer contact the extension frame and the adsorption can be released. The distance between the extension frame and the magnetic strip will increase accordingly.

[0024] When the top of the magnetic strip attracts the bottom of the extension frame, as the hydraulic oil entering the bottom of the temporary storage tube increases, the bottom of the first piston plate is pressured and displaced upward. At this time, the first return spring is compressed, which drives the first piston rod and the movable plate to move upward. The hydraulic oil at the top of the first piston plate is then discharged through the upper drain valve and enters the interior of the upper recovery tank. As the movable plate moves upward, multiple connecting rods deflect away from the center and apply a pulling force to the movable block, ultimately causing multiple outer clamping blocks to move away from each other. As the movable plate rises, the support plate rises along with it and applies an upward thrust to the extension frame through the magnetic strip, ultimately causing the extension frame and inner support block to rise until the top of the inner support block protrudes beyond the top of the outer clamping block. At this time, the inner support block is located on the inner side of the nut threaded hole. Simultaneously, multiple inner support blocks move away from each other synchronously with the outer clamping block until the inner side of the inner support block contacts the nut hole, thus positioning the nut and completing the nut positioning process.

[0025] By improving the external clamping block, combining it with an internal support block that can move up and down, and incorporating hydraulic oil injection into the first piston plate in different directions, as well as the design of the oil storage channel, when facing the nut for positioning, the internal support block can be automatically raised by the pressure of the hydraulic oil, changing the external clamping method to the internal support method. At the same time, multiple external clamping blocks can be moved away from each other, directly providing internal support for the nut's threaded hole and achieving internal support fixation. The entire fixing method can be achieved without the use of additional clamps, and the entire process can be quickly switched, meeting the positioning requirements when machining bolts and nuts together, and significantly improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0026] When the nut processing is complete and discharge is required, the valve at the bottom of the three-way valve can be closed and the lower drain valve opened. At this time, since the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate no longer increases, the hydraulic oil pressure decreases. The hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate can then be discharged through the lower drain valve and enter the lower recovery tank until the hydraulic oil pressure at both ends of the first piston plate is balanced, that is, the first piston plate returns to the middle position. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the oil storage channel flows out, the second return spring automatically resets and drives the second piston plate and the second piston rod to automatically descend. At this time, the support plate automatically descends and drives the support frame to descend. The bottom of the extension frame is no longer subjected to thrust, and the inner support block automatically descends until the top of the inner support block is flush with the top of the outer clamping block. The movable plate automatically descends, driving multiple outer clamping blocks to move closer to each other. At this time, the inner support fixing at the nut thread hole can be released, and the bottom of the nut is still in contact with the bottom of the outer clamping block, waiting for the nut to be removed.

[0027] By utilizing the device's reset process, and coordinating the left-right displacement of the outer clamping block and the up-down displacement of the inner support block, the nut can be fixed internally while still being supported by the device's automatic reset. The nut will not fall off; it can only be removed from the top. This avoids the problem of the nut falling freely due to the release of the fixation when using the inner support to position the nut in traditional devices. It also prevents material discharge chaos, allowing the bolt to exit from the bottom of the device while the nut exits from the top, thus improving discharge efficiency.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. This invention features four external clamping blocks that can be adjusted simultaneously. Working in conjunction with hydraulic oil pressure, the blocks increase the hydraulic oil level at the top of the first piston plate when needed, disrupting the balance of hydraulic oil at both ends of the first piston plate. This disruption causes the movable plate to descend, ultimately bringing the multiple external clamping blocks closer together for rapid clamping of bolts of different diameters. The entire process is quick. Adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil entering the top of the first piston plate allows for rapid positioning of bolts of different diameters. The four-point positioning effectively avoids the tilting problems common in traditional positioning methods. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for special clamps, enabling rapid positioning of bolts of different specifications, reducing operating costs, and improving positioning accuracy.

[0030] 2. This invention improves the external clamping block, combines it with an internal support block that can move up and down, and incorporates hydraulic oil injection into the first piston plate in different directions, along with the design of the oil storage channel. This allows the internal support block to automatically rise under the pressure of the hydraulic oil when facing the nut for positioning, transforming the external clamping method into an internal support method. At the same time, it enables multiple external clamping blocks to move away from each other, directly supporting the internal structure of the nut's threaded hole and achieving internal support fixation. The entire fixing method can be achieved without the use of additional clamps, and the entire process can be quickly switched, meeting the positioning requirements when processing bolts and nuts together and significantly improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0031] 3. This invention utilizes the reset process of the device, combined with the left-right displacement of the outer clamping block and the up-down displacement of the inner support block, to achieve both internal support and fixation of the nut. The nut remains supported by the device's automatic reset, preventing it from falling off and allowing it to be removed only from the top. This avoids the problem of nuts falling freely when the internal support is released during the use of traditional devices, thus preventing material discharge chaos. The bolt is discharged from the bottom of the device, while the nut is discharged from the top, improving discharge efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the frame and fixed guide rail structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the invention with the frame and base concealed.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the movable plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the fixed guide rail and movable block structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the card slot and card block structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a separate cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drive component structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the temporary storage tube of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 for Figure 8 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 3. Guide block; 4. Fixed guide rail; 5. Movable block; 6. Extension rod; 7. Outer clamping block; 8. Through slot; 9. Inner support block; 10. Extension frame; 11. Support frame; 12. Slot; 13. Clamping block; 14. Movable plate; 15. First fixed seat; 16. Second fixed seat; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Through slot; 19. Drive assembly; 191. Temporary storage tube; 192. First piston plate; 193. First piston rod; 194. 195. First return spring; 196. Oil reservoir; 197. Three-way valve; 198. Oil delivery pipe; 199. Upper inlet valve; 190. Upper outlet valve; 1911. Lower inlet valve; 1912. Lower outlet valve; 1913. Auxiliary valve; 1914. Oil storage channel; 1915. Second piston plate; 1916. Second piston rod; 1917. Second return spring; 1918. Support plate; 1919. Upper recovery tank; 1910. Lower recovery tank; 20. Magnetic strip. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a positioning device for fastener processing includes a base 1, a frame 2 fixedly installed at the top of the base 1, guide blocks 3 installed on both the left and right sides of the frame 2, and the frame 2 being interlocked with external guide rails through the guide blocks 3. Fixed guide rails 4 are fixedly installed at equal angles on the inner side of the frame 2 near the top, with a total of four fixed guide rails 4. Movable blocks 5 are movably engaged inside each fixed guide rail 4. An extension rod 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable block 5 away from the frame 2. The end of the extension rod 6 away from the movable block 5 passes through one side of the fixed guide rail 4 and is fixedly connected to an outer clamping block 7. A through groove 8 is opened at the top of each outer clamping block 7, and a movable block 7 is movably engaged inside the through groove 8. The inner support block 9 moves up and down relative to the through groove 8. The drive assembly 19 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base 1. The upper part of the drive assembly 19 is provided with a movable plate 14. The movable plate 14 is connected to the partial structure of the drive assembly 19. The top of the movable plate 14 is fixedly installed with a first fixed seat 15 at equal angles. The number of first fixed seats 15 is the same as the number of fixed guide rails 4. The end of the first fixed seat 15 away from the movable plate 14 is movably connected to a connecting rod 17 through a rotating shaft. The end of the connecting rod 17 away from the first fixed seat 15 is movably connected to a second fixed seat 16 through a rotating shaft. The top of the second fixed seat 16 is connected to the bottom of the movable block 5. The middle of the connecting rod 17 is provided with a through groove 18.

[0044] The drive assembly 19 includes a temporary storage tube 191, the bottom end of which is connected to the middle of the top end of the base 1. A first piston plate 192 is movably sleeved inside the temporary storage tube 191. The first piston plate 192 moves up and down relative to the temporary storage tube 191. A first piston rod 193 is fixedly connected to the top end of the first piston plate 192. The top end of the first piston rod 193 passes through the top end of the temporary storage tube 191 and is connected to the bottom end of the movable plate 14.

[0045] Before use, the device must first be connected to the external guide rail via the guide block 3 on the outer side of the frame 2 to ensure that the device can be displaced through the external guide rail, facilitating the feeding and discharging of bolts or nuts. The overall displacement of the device is matched with the automatic feeding and discharging devices to improve processing efficiency. The device is suitable for the processing of bolts and nuts. In the initial state, it is suitable for positioning bolts, and after adjustment, it is suitable for positioning nuts. When the device is located directly below the automatic feeding device, the preparation for bolt positioning is completed.

[0046] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 as well as Figure 8As shown, an upper oil discharge valve 199 and an upper oil inlet valve 198 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the outer side of the temporary storage tube 191 near the top, respectively. A lower oil discharge valve 1911 and a lower oil inlet valve 1910 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the outer side of the temporary storage tube 191 near the bottom, respectively. The upper oil inlet valve 198 and the upper oil discharge valve 199 are located above the first piston plate 192, and the lower oil inlet valve 1910 and the lower oil discharge valve 1911 are located below the first piston plate 192. The ends of the upper oil inlet valve 198 and the lower oil inlet valve 1910 away from the temporary storage tube 191 are both fixedly connected to an oil delivery pipe 197. An oil storage tank 195 is provided at the right end of the temporary storage tube 191, and a three-way valve is provided at the left end of the oil storage tank 195. Valve 196, the right end of the three-way valve 196 is connected to the oil storage tank 195, and the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 196 are respectively connected to the two oil supply pipes 197. The oil storage tank 195 has an internal oil pump and is filled with hydraulic oil. The upper drain valve 199 is fixedly connected to the upper recovery tank 1918 at the end away from the temporary storage pipe 191, and the lower drain valve 1911 is fixedly connected to the lower recovery tank 1919 at the end away from the temporary storage pipe 191. The outer side of the first piston rod 193 is movably sleeved with the first return spring 194, and the upper and lower ends of the first return spring 194 are respectively connected to the bottom end of the movable plate 14 and the top end of the temporary storage pipe 191.

[0047] Hydraulic oil is filled between the top end of the inner cavity of the temporary storage tube 191 and the top end of the first piston plate 192, and hydraulic oil is also filled between the bottom end of the first piston plate 192 and the bottom end of the inner cavity of the temporary storage tube 191. The valves of the upper drain valve 199 and the lower drain valve 1911 are both normally closed in the initial state. In the initial state, the hydraulic oil at the upper and lower ends of the first piston plate 192 is in a balanced state to ensure that the first piston plate 192 is located in the middle of the temporary storage tube 191.

[0048] Example 1: When bolt positioning is required, the entire device is located directly below the automatic feeding device. At this time, the valve at the top of the three-way valve 196 can be opened, and the oil pump inside the oil tank 195 can be opened. Simultaneously, the valve of the lower drain valve 1911 can be opened. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the oil tank 195 can be discharged from the top of the three-way valve 196 under pressure and introduced into the interior of the first piston plate 192 through the oil supply pipe 197. That is, it enters from the top of the first piston plate 192. At this time, the hydraulic oil between the top of the inner cavity of the temporary storage pipe 191 and the top of the first piston plate 192 increases accordingly. The first piston plate 192 is subjected to pressure and falls down, driving the first piston rod 193 to fall down. At this time, the first return spring 194 is compressed. At this time, the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate 192 is subjected to pressure and is discharged through the lower drain valve 1911 and enters the interior of the lower recovery tank 1919 for temporary storage, thus completing the temporary storage and recovery of hydraulic oil.

[0049] When the first piston rod 193 moves downward, the movable plate 14 moves downward as well. The connecting rod 17 located at the top of the first fixed seat 15 is pulled downward and deflects accordingly. That is, multiple connecting rods 17 deflect towards the center. At this time, a pulling force can be applied to the movable block 5, which can drive the movable block 5 to move relative to the fixed guide rail 4. That is, multiple movable blocks 5 move closer to each other. At this time, multiple outer clamping blocks 7 move closer to each other, reducing the diameter of the ring formed by the inner surfaces of multiple outer clamping blocks 7. In conjunction with the automatic feeding of the bolt, the outer surface of the bolt is contacted until the bolt is clamped between the four outer clamping blocks 7, completing the bolt positioning process.

[0050] By setting four external clamping blocks 7 that can be adjusted in position simultaneously, and with the pressure of hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil at the top of the first piston plate 192 is increased when needed, which disrupts the balance of hydraulic oil at both ends of the first piston plate 192. This disruption of the balance causes the movable plate 14 to descend, and ultimately the multiple external clamping blocks 7 to move closer to each other, quickly clamping bolts of different diameters. The entire process can be completed quickly. Adjusting the amount of hydraulic oil entering the top of the first piston plate 192 allows for the rapid positioning of bolts of different diameters. At the same time, the four-point positioning effectively avoids the tilting problem that is easily caused by the positioning method of traditional devices. Furthermore, it can achieve rapid positioning of bolts of different specifications without the need for special clamps, reducing operating costs and improving positioning accuracy.

[0051] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, an oil storage channel 1913 is provided in the middle of the first piston rod 193. A secondary valve 1912 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first piston plate 192. The output end of the secondary valve 1912 is connected to the oil storage channel 1913. The input end of the secondary valve 1912 is located inside the temporary storage tube 191, and a solenoid valve is built into the secondary valve 1912. A second piston plate 1914 is movably sleeved inside the oil storage channel 1913. The second piston plate 1914 moves up and down relative to the oil storage channel 1913. A second piston rod 1915 is fixedly connected to the top end of the second piston plate 1914. The diameter of the second piston rod 1915 is smaller than that of the oil storage channel 1913. The inner diameter of the movable plate 14 is 3. A through hole is opened in the middle of the movable plate 14. The top end of the second piston rod 1915 passes through the top end of the first piston rod 193 and the through hole in the middle of the movable plate 14 in sequence. The top end of the second piston rod 1915 is fixedly connected to the support plate 1917 located at the top of the movable plate 14. The outer side of the second piston rod 1915 is movably sleeved with the second return spring 1916. The upper and lower ends of the second return spring 1916 are respectively connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the oil storage channel 1913 and the bottom end of the second piston plate 1914. When the second return spring 1916 is in the initial position, the bottom end of the support plate 1917 is in contact with the top end of the movable plate 14.

[0052] When the nut needs to be positioned, it is released in conjunction with the external automatic discharge device. As the four outer clamping blocks 7 approach each other during the bolt positioning, when the nut is released, it will fall directly above the four outer clamping blocks 7. At the same time, the through groove 8 opened on the outer clamping block 7 is located between the threaded holes in the middle of the nut, thus completing the support process for the nut.

[0053] When the nut needs to be positioned, the valve at the top of the three-way valve 196 can be closed, while the valve at the bottom of the three-way valve 196 can be opened. The upper drain valve 199 is kept open, while the lower drain valve 1911 is closed. At the same time, the auxiliary valve 1912 is opened. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the oil tank 195 can be discharged under pressure through the oil supply pipe 197 at the bottom and enter the bottom of the temporary storage pipe 191. At this time, the auxiliary valve 1912 is open. As the hydraulic oil increases, the increased hydraulic oil enters the oil storage channel 1913 through the auxiliary valve 1912. At this time, an upward pressure can be applied to the second piston plate 1914, which will drive the second piston plate 1914 and the second piston rod 1915 to rise. At this time, the second return spring 1916 is compressed, the support plate 1917 moves upward, and drives the multiple support frames 11 at the top to move upward until the top of the magnetic strip 20 contacts the bottom of the extension frame 10 and completes the adsorption.

[0054] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 as well as Figure 6 As shown, an extension frame 10 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the inner support block 9. A support frame 11 is provided below the extension frame 10. The support frame 11 is set at an equal angle above the support plate 1917 and the bottom end of the support frame 11 is connected to the top end of the support plate 1917. The bottom end of the extension frame 10 passes through the interior of the through groove 18. The extension frame 10 is displaced relative to the through groove 18. Each support frame 11 has a slot 12. A locking block 13 is movably engaged inside the slot 12. A magnetic strip 20 is fixedly connected to the top end of the locking block 13. The bottom end of the extension frame 10 and the top end of the magnetic strip 20 attract each other.

[0055] In the initial state, when the first piston plate 192 is located in the middle of the temporary storage tube 191, the hydraulic oil at both ends of the first piston plate 192 is in a balanced state. At this time, the bottom end of the extension frame 10 contacts the bottom end of the magnetic strip 20 and completes the adsorption. The inner support block 9 will be subjected to an upward thrust. At this time, the top end of the inner support block 9 is flush with the top end of the outer clamping block 7. When the bolt is positioned, that is, when the movable plate 14 moves down, the support plate 1917 can be moved down simultaneously. At this time, the magnetic strip 20 will no longer contact the extension frame 10 and the adsorption can be released. The distance between the extension frame 10 and the magnetic strip 20 will increase accordingly.

[0056] Example 2: When the top end of the magnetic strip 20 attracts the bottom end of the extension frame 10, as the hydraulic oil entering the bottom end of the temporary storage tube 191 increases, the bottom end of the first piston plate 192 is subjected to pressure and displaces upward. At this time, the first return spring 194 is compressed, which drives the first piston rod 193 and the movable plate 14 to move upward. The hydraulic oil located at the top end of the first piston plate 192 is then discharged through the upper drain valve 199 and enters the interior of the upper recovery tank 1918. As the movable plate 14 moves upward, multiple connecting rods 17 deflect accordingly, deflecting away from the center. Furthermore, a pulling force is applied to the movable block 5, which eventually causes the multiple outer clamping blocks 7 to move away from each other. As the movable plate 14 rises, the support plate 1917 rises accordingly and applies an upward pushing force to the extension frame 10 through the magnetic strip 20, which eventually causes the extension frame 10 and the inner support block 9 to rise until the top of the inner support block 9 protrudes beyond the top of the outer clamping block 7. At this time, the inner support block 9 can be located on the inner side of the nut thread hole. At the same time, the multiple inner support blocks 9 move away from each other synchronously with the outer clamping blocks 7 until the inner side of the inner support block 9 contacts the nut hole, thus performing inner support positioning of the nut and completing the nut positioning process.

[0057] By improving the outer clamping block 7, cooperating with the vertically movable inner support block 9, and cooperating with the injection of hydraulic oil into the first piston plate 192 in different directions, as well as the channel design of the oil storage channel 1913, when facing the nut for positioning, the inner support block 9 can be automatically raised by the pressure of the hydraulic oil, changing the external clamping method to the internal support method. At the same time, multiple outer clamping blocks 7 can be moved away from each other, directly achieving internal support of the nut thread hole and realizing internal support fixation. The entire fixing method can be achieved without the use of additional clamps, and the whole process can be quickly switched to meet the positioning requirements when processing bolts and nuts together, significantly improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0058] When the nut processing is complete and discharge is required, the valve at the bottom of the three-way valve 196 can be closed, and the valve of the lower drain valve 1911 can be opened. At this time, since the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate 192 no longer increases, the hydraulic oil pressure decreases. The hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate 192 can then be discharged through the lower drain valve 1911 and enter the interior of the lower recovery tank 1919 until the hydraulic oil pressure at both ends of the first piston plate 192 is balanced, that is, the first piston plate 192 returns to the middle position. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the oil storage channel 1913 flows out. The second return spring 1916 automatically resets and drives the second piston plate 1914 and the second piston rod 1915 to automatically descend. At this time, the support plate 1917 automatically descends and drives the support frame 11 to descend. The bottom end of the extension frame 10 is no longer subjected to thrust. The inner support block 9 then automatically descends until the top end of the inner support block 9 is flush with the top end of the outer clamping block 7. The movable plate 14 automatically descends, driving multiple outer clamping blocks 7 to approach each other. At this time, the inner support fixing at the nut thread hole can be released, and the bottom end of the nut is still in contact with the bottom end of the outer clamping block 7, waiting for the nut to be removed.

[0059] By utilizing the reset process of the device, and coordinating the left and right displacement of the outer clamping block 7 and the up and down displacement of the inner support block 9, the nut can be fixed by the inner support while still being supported by the automatic reset of the device. At this time, the nut will not fall off and can only be removed from the top of the nut. This avoids the problem of the nut falling freely due to the release of the fixation when using the inner support to position the nut in traditional devices, and avoids material discharge chaos. The bolt is discharged from the bottom of the device, while the nut is discharged from the top of the device, thus improving the material discharge efficiency.

[0060] Working principle and usage process:

[0061] When bolts are needed for positioning, the entire device is positioned directly below the automatic feeding device. At this time, the valve at the top of the three-way valve 196 can be opened, and the oil pump inside the oil tank 195 can be opened. Simultaneously, the valve of the lower drain valve 1911 can be opened. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the oil tank 195 can be discharged from the top of the three-way valve 196 under pressure and introduced into the interior of the first piston plate 192 through the oil supply pipe 197. That is, it enters from the top of the first piston plate 192. At this time, the hydraulic oil between the top of the inner cavity of the temporary storage pipe 191 and the top of the first piston plate 192 increases accordingly. At this time, the first piston plate 192 is subjected to pressure and descends, which drives the first piston rod 193 to descend. At this time, the first return spring 194 is compressed. At this time, the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate 192 is subjected to pressure and is discharged through the lower drain valve 1911 and enters the interior of the lower recovery tank 1919 for temporary storage, thus completing the temporary storage and recovery of hydraulic oil.

[0062] When the first piston rod 193 moves downward, the movable plate 14 moves downward as well. The connecting rod 17 located at the top of the first fixed seat 15 is pulled downward and deflected accordingly. That is, multiple connecting rods 17 deflect towards the center. At this time, a pulling force can be applied to the movable block 5, which can drive the movable block 5 to move relative to the fixed guide rail 4. That is, multiple movable blocks 5 move closer to each other. At this time, multiple outer clamping blocks 7 move closer to each other, reducing the diameter of the ring formed by the inner sides of multiple outer clamping blocks 7. In conjunction with the automatic feeding of the bolt, the outer side of the bolt is contacted until the bolt is clamped between the four outer clamping blocks 7 to complete the bolt positioning process.

[0063] When the nut needs to be positioned, it is released in conjunction with the external automatic unloading device. As the four outer clamping blocks 7 approach each other during the bolt positioning, when the nut is released, it will fall directly above the four outer clamping blocks 7. At the same time, the through groove 8 opened on the outer clamping block 7 is located between the threaded holes in the middle of the nut, thus completing the support process for the nut.

[0064] When the nut needs to be positioned, the valve at the top of the three-way valve 196 can be closed, while the valve at the bottom of the three-way valve 196 can be opened. The upper drain valve 199 is kept open, while the lower drain valve 1911 is closed. At the same time, the auxiliary valve 1912 is opened. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the oil tank 195 can be discharged under pressure through the oil supply pipe 197 at the bottom and enter the bottom of the temporary storage pipe 191. At this time, the auxiliary valve 1912 is open. As the hydraulic oil increases, the increased hydraulic oil enters the oil storage channel 1913 through the auxiliary valve 1912. At this time, an upward pressure can be applied to the second piston plate 1914, which will drive the second piston plate 1914 and the second piston rod 1915 to rise. At this time, the second return spring 1916 is compressed, the support plate 1917 moves upward, and drives the multiple support frames 11 at the top to move upward until the top of the magnetic strip 20 contacts the bottom of the extension frame 10 and completes the adsorption.

[0065] When the top of the magnetic strip 20 attracts the bottom of the extension frame 10, as the hydraulic oil entering the bottom of the temporary storage tube 191 increases, the bottom of the first piston plate 192 is pressured and displaced upward. At this time, the first return spring 194 is compressed, driving the first piston rod 193 and the movable plate 14 to move upward. The hydraulic oil at the top of the first piston plate 192 is then discharged through the upper drain valve 199 and enters the interior of the upper recovery tank 1918. As the movable plate 14 moves upward, multiple connecting rods 17 deflect in a direction away from the center. The movable block 5 applies a pulling force, which eventually causes multiple outer clamping blocks 7 to move away from each other. As the movable plate 14 rises, the support plate 1917 rises accordingly and applies an upward pushing force to the extension frame 10 through the magnetic strip 20. This eventually causes the extension frame 10 and the inner support block 9 to rise until the top of the inner support block 9 protrudes beyond the top of the outer clamping block 7. At this point, the inner support block 9 is located on the inner side of the nut thread hole. Simultaneously, multiple inner support blocks 9 move away from each other in sync with the outer clamping blocks 7 until the inner side of the inner support block 9 contacts the nut hole, thus providing internal support positioning for the nut and completing the nut positioning process.

[0066] When the nut processing is complete and discharge is required, the valve at the bottom of the three-way valve 196 can be closed, and the valve of the lower drain valve 1911 can be opened. At this time, since the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate 192 no longer increases, the hydraulic oil pressure decreases. The hydraulic oil at the bottom of the first piston plate 192 can then be discharged through the lower drain valve 1911 and enter the interior of the lower recovery tank 1919 until the hydraulic oil pressure at both ends of the first piston plate 192 is balanced, that is, the first piston plate 192 returns to the middle position. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the oil storage channel 1913 flows out. The second return spring 1916 automatically resets and drives the second piston plate 1914 and the second piston rod 1915 to automatically descend. At this time, the support plate 1917 automatically descends and drives the support frame 11 to descend. The bottom end of the extension frame 10 is no longer subjected to thrust. The inner support block 9 then automatically descends until the top end of the inner support block 9 is flush with the top end of the outer clamping block 7. The movable plate 14 automatically descends, driving multiple outer clamping blocks 7 to approach each other. At this time, the inner support fixing at the nut thread hole can be released, and the bottom end of the nut is still in contact with the bottom end of the outer clamping block 7, waiting for the nut to be removed.

[0067] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning device for fastener processing, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A frame (2) is fixedly installed at the top of the base (1). Guide blocks (3) are installed on both the left and right sides of the frame (2). The frame (2) is interlocked with the external guide rail through the guide blocks (3). Fixed guide rails (4) are fixedly installed at equal angles on the inner side of the frame (2) near the top. There are four fixed guide rails (4). Movable blocks (5) are movably engaged inside each fixed guide rail (4). An extension rod (6) is fixedly connected to the end of the movable block (5) away from the frame (2). The end of the extension rod (6) away from the movable block (5) passes through one side of the fixed guide rail (4) and is fixedly connected to an outer clamping block (7). A through groove (8) is opened at the top of each outer clamping block (7). An inner support block (9) is movably engaged inside the through groove (8). The inner support block (9) is opposite to... The through slot (8) moves up and down. A drive assembly (19) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base (1). A movable plate (14) is provided above the drive assembly (19). The movable plate (14) is connected to the partial structure of the drive assembly (19). A first fixed seat (15) is fixedly installed at the top of the movable plate (14) at equal angles. The number of the first fixed seats (15) is the same as the number of fixed guide rails (4). The end of the first fixed seat (15) away from the movable plate (14) is movably connected to a connecting rod (17) through a rotating shaft. The end of the connecting rod (17) away from the first fixed seat (15) is movably connected to a second fixed seat (16) through a rotating shaft. The top of the second fixed seat (16) is connected to the bottom of the movable block (5). A through slot (18) is opened in the middle of the connecting rod (17). The drive assembly (19) includes a temporary storage tube (191), the bottom end of which is connected to the middle of the top end of the base (1). A first piston plate (192) is movably sleeved inside the temporary storage tube (191). The first piston plate (192) moves up and down relative to the temporary storage tube (191). A first piston rod (193) is fixedly connected to the top end of the first piston plate (192). The top end of the first piston rod (193) passes through the top end of the temporary storage tube (191) and is connected to the bottom end of the movable plate (14). An oil storage channel (1913) is provided in the middle of the first piston rod (193), and a secondary valve (1912) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first piston plate (192). The output end of the secondary valve (1912) is connected to the oil storage channel (1913), and the input end of the secondary valve (1912) is located inside the temporary storage tube (191), and the secondary valve (1912) has a built-in solenoid valve. The oil storage channel (1913) is movably fitted with a second piston plate (1914). The second piston plate (1914) moves up and down relative to the oil storage channel (1913). The top of the second piston plate (1914) is fixedly connected to a second piston rod (1915). The diameter of the second piston rod (1915) is smaller than the inner diameter of the oil storage channel (1913). The movable plate (14) has a through hole in the middle. The top of the second piston rod (1915) passes through the top of the first piston rod (193) and the through hole in the middle of the movable plate (14) in sequence. The top end of the second piston rod (1915) is fixedly connected to a support plate (1917) located at the top end of the movable plate (14). The outer side of the second piston rod (1915) is movably sleeved with a second return spring (1916). The upper and lower ends of the second return spring (1916) are respectively connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the oil storage channel (1913) and the bottom end of the second piston plate (1914). When the second return spring (1916) is in the initial position, the bottom end of the support plate (1917) is in contact with the top end of the movable plate (14). An extension frame (10) is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the inner support block (9). A support frame (11) is provided below the extension frame (10). The support frame (11) is set at an equal angle above the support plate (1917) and the bottom end of the support frame (11) is connected to the top end of the support plate (1917). The bottom end of the extension frame (10) penetrates the interior of the through groove (18) and the extension frame (10) is displaced relative to the through groove (18).

2. The positioning device for fastener processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper drain valve (199) and the upper inlet valve (198) are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the outer side of the temporary storage tube (191) near the top, respectively. The lower drain valve (1911) and the lower inlet valve (1910) are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the outer side of the temporary storage tube (191) near the bottom, respectively. The upper inlet valve (198) and the upper drain valve (199) are located above the first piston plate (192), and the lower inlet valve (1910) and the lower drain valve (1911) are located below the first piston plate (192).

3. A positioning device for fastener processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper oil inlet valve (198) and the lower oil inlet valve (1910) are both fixedly connected to the oil supply pipe (197) at the ends away from the temporary storage pipe (191). The right end of the temporary storage pipe (191) is provided with an oil storage tank (195), and the left end of the oil storage tank (195) is provided with a three-way valve (196). The right end of the three-way valve (196) is connected to the oil storage tank (195), and the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve (196) are respectively connected to the two oil supply pipes (197). The oil storage tank (195) has an internal oil pump, and the oil storage tank (195) is filled with hydraulic oil.

4. A positioning device for fastener processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper drain valve (199) is fixedly connected to the upper recovery tank (1918) at one end away from the temporary storage pipe (191), and the lower drain valve (1911) is fixedly connected to the lower recovery tank (1919) at one end away from the temporary storage pipe (191). The outer side of the first piston rod (193) is movably sleeved with a first return spring (194). The upper and lower ends of the first return spring (194) are respectively connected to the bottom end of the movable plate (14) and the top end of the temporary storage pipe (191).

5. A positioning device for fastener processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (11) has slots (12) inside, and a card block (13) is movably engaged inside the slot (12). A magnetic strip (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the card block (13), and the bottom of the extension frame (10) and the top of the magnetic strip (20) are attracted to each other.

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