A battery equalization control device, method, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a battery equalization control device, method, electronic equipment and storage medium. The device comprises: a thermoelectric unit is arranged between each battery cell and a water cooling plate, and the water cooling plate is used for heat exchange with the thermoelectric unit; a temperature sensor is arranged on each battery cell and the water cooling plate, and the temperature sensor is used for collecting the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the water cooling plate; an equalization controller is connected with each battery cell, the thermoelectric unit, each temperature sensor and the water cooling plate, and the equalization controller is used for charging the low-capacity battery based on the Seebeck effect of the thermoelectric unit and controlling the high-capacity battery based on the Peltier effect of the thermoelectric unit, so as to complete the battery equalization control. The Seebeck effect temperature difference power generation is used to charge the low-capacity battery without consuming the electric energy of the battery itself, the Peltier effect is used to discharge the high-capacity battery, and the temperature of the battery is controlled at the same time, so that the service life of the whole package is improved, and the overall energy utilization rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive battery technology, and in particular to a battery equalization control device, method, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] A power battery pack consists of multiple cells connected in series and parallel. With increasing cycle count, due to cell inconsistencies, the capacity and State of Charge (SOC) differences between cells become increasingly significant, ultimately affecting the overall lifespan of the pack and causing degradation. Therefore, battery balancing technology is needed to eliminate or reduce these differences between cells and improve the overall lifespan of the pack. Existing balancing technologies are divided into two main categories: active and passive. Passive balancing consumes power by connecting high-capacity / SOC cells to external discharge resistors, while active balancing charges both high-capacity and low-capacity cells. Common problems with existing balancing technologies include: 1. Relatively small balancing current and generally long balancing time; 2. Due to energy transfer efficiency issues, both active and passive balancing consume the total battery capacity. Therefore, improving both the overall lifespan of the pack and the overall energy utilization rate has become a significant technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a battery equalization control device, method, electronic device and storage medium, which realizes the charging of low-capacity batteries without consuming the battery's own electrical energy by utilizing the Seebeck effect thermoelectric power generation, and can also control the temperature of batteries while discharging high-capacity batteries by utilizing the Peltier effect, thereby improving the overall lifespan of the entire battery pack and improving the overall energy utilization rate.

[0004] This application provides a battery balancing control device, which includes multiple battery cells, multiple thermoelectric units, a water-cooled plate, multiple temperature sensors, and a balancing controller; wherein...

[0005] Each of the battery cells is provided with a thermoelectric unit between itself and the water-cooling plate. The contact interface is filled with a high thermal conductivity sealant. The water-cooling plate is used to exchange heat with the thermoelectric unit.

[0006] Each of the battery cells and the water-cooling plate is equipped with a temperature sensor, which is used to collect the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the water-cooling plate;

[0007] The equalization controller is connected to each of the battery cells, the thermoelectric unit, each of the temperature sensors, and the water-cooled plate. The equalization controller is used to charge the low-capacity battery based on the Seebeck effect of the thermoelectric unit and to control the high-capacity battery based on the Peltier effect of the thermoelectric unit, so as to complete the battery equalization control.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the thermoelectric unit includes a forward thermoelectric unit and a reverse thermoelectric unit; wherein,

[0009] When the temperature of the water-cooled plate corresponding to the positive thermoelectric unit is higher than the temperature of the battery cell corresponding to the positive thermoelectric unit, the direction of the electromotive force generated by the positive thermoelectric unit is consistent with the direction of the battery's electromotive force.

[0010] When the temperature of the water-cooled plate corresponding to the reverse thermoelectric unit is lower than the temperature of the cell corresponding to the reverse thermoelectric unit, the direction of the electromotive force generated by the reverse thermoelectric unit is consistent with the direction of the electromotive force of the battery.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the forward thermoelectric unit and the reverse thermoelectric unit are arranged at intervals, the thermoelectric units of the same type under the same cell are connected in series, and the thermoelectric units of different types under the same cell are connected in parallel.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the equalization controller further includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first resistor, and a second resistor; wherein,

[0013] The first switch, the second switch, the first resistor, the battery cell, and the forward thermoelectric unit constitute a forward thermoelectric unit circuit;

[0014] The third switch, the fourth switch, the second resistor, the battery cell, and the reverse thermoelectric unit constitute a reverse thermoelectric unit circuit.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first switch, the second switch, and the first resistor control the battery cell and the forward thermoelectric unit to form a forward thermoelectric unit circuit, including:

[0016] The first switch and the second switch are connected in parallel. The first end of the second switch is connected to the first end of a plurality of series-connected positive thermoelectric units. The second end of the plurality of series-connected positive thermoelectric units is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell. The positive terminal of the battery cell is connected to the first end of the first resistor and the second end of the second switch. The second end of the first resistor is connected to the second end of the first switch.

[0017] Specifically, when the second switch is closed and the first switch is open, the forward thermoelectric unit and the battery cell constitute the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit; when the second switch is open and the first switch is closed, the forward thermoelectric unit, the battery cell, and the first resistor constitute the second circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit.

[0018] This application embodiment also provides a battery balancing control method, the battery balancing control method comprising:

[0019] The absolute voltage difference between the first voltage of the target cell and the equalization target voltage is detected to exceed a preset equalization threshold. If it exceeds the preset equalization threshold, the first voltage is detected to be higher than the equalization target voltage.

[0020] If the voltage is higher than the equilibrium target voltage, the forward thermoelectric unit circuit or the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is determined based on the cell temperature of the target cell and the water-cooled plate temperature, so as to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect.

[0021] If the voltage is lower than the target equilibrium voltage, the forward thermoelectric unit circuit or the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is determined based on the cell temperature and the average cell temperature, so that the target cell in the high voltage state is discharged according to the Peltier effect.

[0022] In one possible implementation, determining whether to activate the forward or reverse thermoelectric unit circuit based on the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature, so as to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect, includes:

[0023] Detect whether the temperature of the battery cell is lower than the temperature of the water-cooling plate;

[0024] If the absolute temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature does not exceed the preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the absolute temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect until the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold and the battery equalization ends.

[0025] If not, when the absolute temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature does not exceed a preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the absolute temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect, until the battery balancing ends when the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target balancing threshold.

[0026] In one possible implementation, determining whether to activate the forward or reverse thermoelectric unit circuit based on the cell temperature and the average cell temperature to discharge the target cell in a high-voltage state according to the Peltier effect includes:

[0027] Detect whether the cell temperature is lower than the average cell temperature;

[0028] If so, the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to heat the cell temperature of the target cell when discharging the target cell according to the Peltier effect until the absolute value voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold, at which point the battery equalization ends.

[0029] If not, the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to cool the cell temperature of the target cell when discharging according to the Peltier effect, until the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold, at which point battery equalization ends; wherein the target equalization threshold is less than the preset equalization threshold.

[0030] This application also provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a bus. The memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor. When the electronic device is running, the processor communicates with the memory via the bus. When the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the battery equalization control method described above are performed.

[0031] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the battery balancing control method described above.

[0032] This application provides a battery balancing control device, method, electronic device, and storage medium. The battery balancing control device includes multiple battery cells, multiple thermoelectric units, a water-cooled plate, multiple temperature sensors, and a balancing controller. Each battery cell has a thermoelectric unit disposed between it and the water-cooled plate, with the contact interface filled with a high thermal conductivity sealant. The water-cooled plate exchanges heat with the thermoelectric unit. Each battery cell and the water-cooled plate have a temperature sensor disposed thereon, used to collect the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the water-cooled plate. The balancing controller is connected to each battery cell, each thermoelectric unit, each temperature sensor, and the water-cooled plate. The balancing controller is used to charge low-capacity batteries based on the Seebeck effect of the thermoelectric units and to control high-capacity batteries based on the Peltier effect of the thermoelectric units, thereby achieving battery balancing control. This method achieves charging of low-capacity batteries without consuming the battery's own electrical energy using Seebeck effect thermoelectric power generation, and simultaneously discharging high-capacity batteries using the Peltier effect while controlling battery temperature, thus improving the overall battery lifespan and overall energy utilization rate.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery balancing control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a side view of a battery balancing control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a battery balancing control device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagrams of different equalization loops of a battery equalization control device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart illustrating a battery balancing control method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Icons: 100-Battery balancing control device; 110-Battery cell; 120-Thermoelectric unit; 130-Water cooling plate; 140-Temperature sensor; 150-Battery balancing controller; 151-First switch; 152-Second switch; 153-Third switch; 154-Fourth switch; 155-First resistor; 156-Second resistor; 600-Electronic device; 610-Processor; 620-Memory; 630-Bus. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0043] Furthermore, the described embodiments are only a portion of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] To enable those skilled in the art to use the content of this application and combine it with the specific application scenario of "balanced control of the battery", the following implementation method is given. For those skilled in the art, the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments and application scenarios without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

[0045] First, the applicable scenarios for this application will be introduced. This application can be applied to the field of automotive battery technology.

[0046] Research has revealed that power battery packs are composed of multiple cells connected in series and parallel. With increasing cycle count, due to cell inconsistencies, the differences in capacity and State of Charge (SOC) between different cells become increasingly pronounced, ultimately affecting the overall lifespan of the pack and causing degradation. Therefore, battery balancing technology is needed to eliminate or reduce these differences between cells and improve the overall lifespan of the pack. Existing balancing technologies are divided into two main categories: active and passive. Passive balancing consumes power by connecting high-capacity / SOC cells to external discharge resistors, while active balancing charges both high-capacity and low-capacity cells. Common problems with existing balancing technologies include: 1. Relatively small balancing current and generally long balancing time; 2. Due to energy transfer efficiency issues, both active and passive balancing consume the total battery capacity. Therefore, improving both the overall lifespan of the pack and the overall energy utilization rate has become a significant technical challenge.

[0047] Based on this, the present application provides a battery equalization control device that enables the charging of low-capacity batteries without consuming the battery's own electrical energy by utilizing the Seebeck effect thermoelectric power generation, and can also control the battery temperature while discharging high-capacity batteries by utilizing the Peltier effect, thereby improving the overall lifespan of the entire battery pack and the overall energy utilization rate.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery balancing control device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the battery equalization control device 100 provided in this application embodiment includes a plurality of battery cells 110, a plurality of thermoelectric units 120, a water-cooled plate 130, a plurality of temperature sensors 140, and an equalization controller 150.

[0049] Specifically, a thermoelectric unit 120 is provided between each of the battery cells 110 and the water-cooled plate 130, and the contact interface is filled with a high thermal conductivity sealant. The water-cooled plate 130 is used for heat exchange with the thermoelectric unit 120. A temperature sensor 140 is provided on each of the battery cells 110 and the water-cooled plate 130. The temperature sensor 140 is used to collect the temperature of the battery cell 110 and the temperature of the water-cooled plate 130. The equalization controller 150 is connected to each of the battery cells 110, the thermoelectric unit 120, each of the temperature sensors 140 and the water-cooled plate 130. The equalization controller 150 is used to charge low-capacity batteries based on the Seebeck effect of the thermoelectric unit 120 and control high-capacity batteries based on the Peltier effect of the thermoelectric unit 120, so as to complete the battery equalization control.

[0050] Here, the thermoelectric unit 120 is a semiconductor device that simultaneously generates electromotive force using the Seebeck effect and generates heat using the Peltier effect. Different semiconductor materials are selected to make the thermoelectric unit according to the different voltages required by the battery cell 110, and different numbers of thermoelectric units are connected in series according to the different voltages required by the battery cell 110.

[0051] The water-cooled plate 130 is connected to the vehicle's thermal management system through which coolant flows. It can be in the form of a stamped plate or a harmonica tube, or it can be used as the bottom or top plate of the battery pack. Its main function is to exchange heat with the thermoelectric units inside the battery pack, and it can also heat or cool the battery.

[0052] The equalization controller 150 can independently control the forward thermoelectric unit of cell 110 and the reverse thermoelectric unit of cell 110. The equalization controller 150 has a voltage divider resistor device inside. When the temperature difference is too large and the voltage of the thermoelectric unit exceeds the allowable voltage of cell 110, it performs voltage division. It also has a control chip with at least voltage, current and temperature acquisition functions, SOC estimation function, and communication module, which can transmit the battery equalization status to the cloud for storage in real time.

[0053] For further details, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a side view of a battery balancing control device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, a thermoelectric unit is provided between each battery cell 110 and the water-cooled plate 130, and a temperature sensor 140 is provided on each battery cell 110 and the water-cooled plate 130.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the thermoelectric unit 120 includes a forward thermoelectric unit and a reverse thermoelectric unit; wherein, when the temperature of the water-cooled plate 130 corresponding to the forward thermoelectric unit is higher than the temperature of the battery cell 110 corresponding to the forward thermoelectric unit, the direction of the electromotive force generated by the forward thermoelectric unit is consistent with the direction of the battery's electromotive force; when the temperature of the water-cooled plate 130 corresponding to the reverse thermoelectric unit is lower than the temperature of the battery cell 110 corresponding to the reverse thermoelectric unit, the direction of the electromotive force generated by the reverse thermoelectric unit is consistent with the direction of the battery's electromotive force.

[0055] Here, there are two types of thermoelectric units 120, namely forward thermoelectric units and reverse thermoelectric units. The difference is that when the temperature of the water-cooled plate 130 is higher than the temperature of the battery cell 110, the forward thermoelectric unit generates an electromotive force in the same direction as the battery, which can charge the battery; when the temperature of the reverse thermoelectric unit is lower than the temperature of the water-cooled plate 130 is lower than the temperature of the battery cell 110, the electromotive force generated is in the same direction as the battery, which can charge the battery.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the forward thermoelectric unit and the reverse thermoelectric unit are arranged at intervals, the thermoelectric units 120 of the same type under the same cell 110 are connected in series, and the thermoelectric units 120 of different types under the same cell 110 are connected in parallel.

[0057] Here, forward thermoelectric units and reverse thermoelectric units are arranged alternately, similar thermoelectric units under the same cell 110 are connected in series, and thermoelectric units of the same type are connected in parallel.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the equalization controller 150 further includes a first switch 151, a second switch 152, a third switch 153, a fourth switch 154, a first resistor 155, and a second resistor 156; wherein the first switch 151, the second switch 152, the first resistor 155, the battery cell 110, and the forward thermoelectric unit constitute a forward thermoelectric unit circuit; the third switch 153, the fourth switch 154, the second resistor 156, the battery cell 110, and the reverse thermoelectric unit constitute a reverse thermoelectric unit circuit.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the first switch 151, the second switch 152, and the first resistor 155 control the battery cell 110 and the forward thermoelectric unit to form a forward thermoelectric unit circuit, including:

[0060] The first switch 151 and the second switch 152 are connected in parallel. The first end of the second switch 152 is connected to the first end of a plurality of series-connected positive thermoelectric units. The second end of the plurality of series-connected positive thermoelectric units is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell 110. The positive terminal of the battery cell 110 is connected to the first end of the first resistor 155 and the second end of the second switch 152. The second end of the first resistor 155 is connected to the second end of the first switch 151. When the second switch 152 is closed and the first switch 151 is open, the positive thermoelectric units and the battery cell 110 constitute the first circuit of the positive thermoelectric unit circuit. When the second switch 152 is open and the first switch 151 is closed, the positive thermoelectric units, the battery cell 110, and the first resistor 155 constitute the second circuit of the positive thermoelectric unit circuit.

[0061] For further details, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a circuit diagram of a battery balancing control device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. A first switch 151 and a second switch 152 are connected in parallel. The first end of the second switch 152 is connected to the first end of a plurality of series-connected positive thermoelectric units. The second ends of the plurality of series-connected positive thermoelectric units are connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell 110. The positive terminal of the battery cell 110 is connected to the first end of a first resistor 155 and the second end of the second switch 152. The second end of the first resistor 155 is connected to the second end of the first switch 151, forming a positive thermoelectric unit circuit. A third switch 153 and a fourth switch 154 are connected in parallel. The first end of the fourth switch 154 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell 110. The negative terminal of the battery cell 110 is connected to the first end of a plurality of series-connected reverse thermoelectric units. The second ends of the plurality of series-connected reverse thermoelectric units are connected to the first end of the fourth switch 154 and the first end of a second resistor 156. The second end of the second resistor 156 is connected to the first end of the third switch 153, forming a reverse thermoelectric unit circuit.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 Schematic diagrams of different equalization loops of a battery equalization control device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, when the second switch 152 is closed and the first switch 151 is open, the forward thermoelectric unit and the battery cell 110 form the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit; when the second switch 152 is open and the first switch 151 is closed, the forward thermoelectric unit, the battery cell 110, and the first resistor 155 form the second circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit. When the fourth switch 154 is closed and the third switch 153 is open, the reverse thermoelectric unit and the battery cell 110 form the first circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit; when the fourth switch 154 is open and the third switch 153 is closed, the forward thermoelectric unit, the battery cell 110, and the first resistor 155 form the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit.

[0063] Here, the battery pack contains n series-parallel cells 110. Each series cell 110 is equipped with a thermoelectric unit, a water-cooled plate 130, multiple temperature sensors 140 and a balance controller 150. If the cells 110 are multiple parallel structures, the parallel cells 110 with the same potential share a set of battery balance control devices 100.

[0064] In this scheme, there can be multiple equalization controllers 150.

[0065] This application provides a battery balancing control device, which includes multiple battery cells, multiple thermoelectric units, a water-cooled plate, multiple temperature sensors, and a balancing controller. Each battery cell has a thermoelectric unit disposed between it and the water-cooled plate, with the contact interface filled with a high thermal conductivity sealant. The water-cooled plate exchanges heat with the thermoelectric unit. Each battery cell and the water-cooled plate have a temperature sensor disposed thereon, used to collect the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the water-cooled plate. The balancing controller is connected to each battery cell, each thermoelectric unit, each temperature sensor, and the water-cooled plate. The balancing controller is used to charge low-capacity batteries based on the Seebeck effect of the thermoelectric units and to control high-capacity batteries based on the Peltier effect of the thermoelectric units, thereby achieving battery balancing control. This device achieves charging of low-capacity batteries without consuming the battery's own electrical energy using the Seebeck effect thermoelectric power generation, and simultaneously discharging high-capacity batteries using the Peltier effect while controlling battery temperature, thus improving the overall battery lifespan and overall energy utilization rate.

[0066] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a battery balancing control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the battery balancing control method includes:

[0067] S501: Detect whether the absolute voltage difference between the first voltage of the target cell and the equalization target voltage exceeds a preset equalization threshold. If it exceeds the preset equalization threshold, detect whether the first voltage is higher than the equalization target voltage.

[0068] In this step, it is detected whether the absolute voltage difference between the first voltage of the target cell and the equalization target voltage exceeds a preset equalization threshold. If it exceeds the preset equalization threshold, it is detected whether the first voltage is higher than the equalization target voltage.

[0069] The target cell is any one of the multiple cells in the battery pack.

[0070] The target voltage for equalization is determined based on the voltage of all individual cells in the battery pack.

[0071] S502: If the voltage is higher than the equilibrium target voltage, then based on the cell temperature of the target cell and the water-cooled plate temperature, determine whether to open the forward thermoelectric unit circuit or the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit, so as to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect.

[0072] In this step, if the first voltage is higher than the equilibrium target voltage, the forward thermoelectric unit circuit or the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened based on the cell temperature of the target cell and the water-cooled plate temperature, so as to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect.

[0073] In one possible implementation, determining whether to activate the forward or reverse thermoelectric unit circuit based on the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature, so as to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect, includes:

[0074] (1): Detect whether the temperature of the battery cell is lower than the temperature of the water cooling plate.

[0075] (2): If the absolute temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature does not exceed the preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the absolute temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect until the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold and the battery equalization ends.

[0076] Here, if the absolute temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature does not exceed the preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the absolute temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. The battery balancing ends when the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target balancing threshold, and the first voltage is compared with the balancing target voltage periodically.

[0077] (3): If not, when the absolute temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature does not exceed the preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the absolute temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect until the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold and the battery equalization ends.

[0078] Here, if not, when the absolute temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature does not exceed the preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the absolute temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. The battery balancing ends when the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target balancing threshold, after the first voltage is periodically compared with the balancing target voltage.

[0079] The second circuit adds an adjustable resistor compared to the first circuit to prevent excessive current from causing excessive polarization of the battery cell, which in turn affects the determination of the equalization stop voltage.

[0080] Wherein, the target equilibrium threshold is less than the preset equilibrium threshold.

[0081] S503: If the voltage is lower than the equilibrium target voltage, then based on the cell temperature and the average cell temperature, determine whether to open the forward thermoelectric unit circuit or the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit, so as to discharge the target cell in the high voltage state according to the Peltier effect.

[0082] In this step, if the first voltage is lower than the equilibrium target voltage, the forward thermoelectric unit circuit or the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened based on the cell temperature and the average cell temperature, so that the target cell in the high voltage state is discharged according to the Peltier effect.

[0083] In one possible implementation, determining whether to activate the forward or reverse thermoelectric unit circuit based on the cell temperature and the average cell temperature to discharge the target cell in a high-voltage state according to the Peltier effect includes:

[0084] a: Detect whether the cell temperature is lower than the average cell temperature.

[0085] Here, the average cell temperature is calculated by obtaining the temperature of all cells.

[0086] b: If so, then the first circuit of the positive thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to heat the cell temperature of the target cell when discharging the target cell according to the Peltier effect, until the absolute value voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold and the battery equalization ends.

[0087] Here, if so, the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to heat the cell temperature of the target cell when discharging according to the Peltier effect, until the absolute value voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold, at which point the battery equalization ends.

[0088] c: If not, then the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to cool the cell temperature of the target cell when discharging according to the Peltier effect, until the absolute value voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold and the battery equalization ends; wherein, the target equalization threshold is less than the preset equalization threshold.

[0089] Here, if not, the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to cool the target cell temperature when discharging the target cell according to the Peltier effect, until the battery equalization ends when the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold.

[0090] In a specific embodiment, step A: Obtain the voltage of all individual cells in the package and determine the target voltage UTarget for battery balancing; obtain the temperature Tcell of all cells and calculate the average cell temperature TAve; Step B: Obtain the first voltage Ux of the target cell and the temperature Tplate of the adjacent water-cooled plate as control logic inputs; Step C: Calculate whether the first voltage Ux and the target voltage UTarget for balancing exceed a preset balancing threshold; Step D: If yes, proceed to step E; if no, the logic ends; Step E: Determine whether the first voltage Ux is higher than the target voltage UTarget for balancing; if yes, proceed to step F; if no, proceed to step G; Step F: Determine whether the cell temperature Tcell is lower than the water-cooled plate temperature Tplate; if yes, proceed to step F1; otherwise, proceed to step F2; Step F1: Determine the temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature; if the temperature difference does not exceed a preset temperature difference, open the first loop of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit to charge the low-voltage cell using the Seebeck effect; if the temperature difference is too large and exceeds the preset temperature difference, turn on... The second circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit is activated to charge the low-voltage battery cell using the Seebeck effect. Regardless of which circuit is used, the first voltage Ux of the target battery cell is compared with the equalization target voltage Utarget at regular intervals t. If the difference is greater than the target equalization threshold, the process returns to step E. If the difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold, the equalization process ends and the logic stops. Step F2: Determine whether the battery cell temperature Tcell is lower than the water-cooled plate temperature Tplate. If yes, proceed to step F1; otherwise, proceed to step F2. Step F1: Determine the temperature difference between the battery cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature. If the temperature difference does not exceed the preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit is activated to charge the low-voltage battery cell using the Seebeck effect. If the temperature difference is too large and exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit is activated to charge the low-voltage battery cell using the Seebeck effect. Regardless of which circuit is used, the first voltage Ux of the target battery cell is compared with the equalization target voltage Utarget at regular intervals t. If the difference is greater than the target equalization threshold, the process returns to step E. Step G: Determine the cell temperature compared to the average cell temperature. If the cell temperature is lower than the average cell temperature, proceed to step G1; otherwise, proceed to step G2. Step G1: If the cell temperature is lower than the average temperature, utilize the Peltier effect to discharge the cell using the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit (semiconductor cooling unit) while simultaneously heating the cell. Periodically compare the first voltage Ux of the target cell with the equilibrium target voltage Utarget. If the difference is greater than the target equilibrium threshold, return to step F. Step G2: If the cell temperature is higher than the average temperature, utilize the Peltier effect to discharge the cell using the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit (semiconductor cooling unit) while simultaneously cooling the cell. Periodically compare the first voltage Ux of the target cell with the equilibrium target voltage Utarget. If the difference is greater than the target equilibrium threshold, return to step F.

[0091] This application provides a battery balancing control method, which includes: detecting whether the absolute voltage difference between a first voltage of a target cell and a balancing target voltage exceeds a preset balancing threshold; if it exceeds the preset balancing threshold, detecting whether the first voltage is higher than the balancing target voltage; if it is higher than the balancing target voltage, determining whether to activate a forward thermoelectric unit circuit or a reverse thermoelectric unit circuit based on the cell temperature of the target cell and the temperature of the water-cooled plate, so as to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect; if it is lower than the balancing target voltage, determining whether to activate a forward thermoelectric unit circuit or a reverse thermoelectric unit circuit based on the cell temperature and the average cell temperature, so as to discharge the target cell in a high-voltage state according to the Peltier effect. This method achieves charging of low-capacity batteries without consuming the battery's own electrical energy using Seebeck effect temperature difference power generation, and also allows for temperature control of the battery while discharging high-capacity batteries using the Peltier effect, thereby improving the overall lifespan of the battery pack and increasing overall energy utilization.

[0092] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 600 includes a processor 610, a memory 620, and a bus 630.

[0093] The memory 620 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 610. When the electronic device 600 is running, the processor 610 and the memory 620 communicate via the bus 630. When the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor 610, they can perform the operations described above. Figure 5 The battery balancing control steps in the method embodiment shown are specifically implemented in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0094] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can perform the above-described actions. Figure 5 The battery balancing control steps in the method embodiment shown are specifically implemented in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0096] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the shown or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0097] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0098] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0099] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0100] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery balancing control device, characterized in that, The battery balancing control device includes multiple battery cells, multiple thermoelectric units, a water-cooled plate, multiple temperature sensors, and a balancing controller; wherein... Each of the battery cells is provided with a thermoelectric unit between itself and the water-cooling plate. The contact interface is filled with a high thermal conductivity sealant. The water-cooling plate is used to exchange heat with the thermoelectric unit. The thermoelectric unit includes a forward thermoelectric unit and a reverse thermoelectric unit. Each of the battery cells and the water-cooling plate is equipped with a temperature sensor, which is used to collect the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the water-cooling plate; The equalization controller is connected to each of the battery cells, the thermoelectric unit, each of the temperature sensors, and the water-cooled plate. The equalization controller is used to charge the low-capacity battery based on the Seebeck effect of the thermoelectric unit and control the high-capacity battery based on the Peltier effect of the thermoelectric unit, so as to complete the battery equalization control. The equalization controller further includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first resistor, and a second resistor; wherein, The first switch, the second switch, the first resistor, the battery cell, and the forward thermoelectric unit constitute a forward thermoelectric unit circuit; The third switch, the fourth switch, the second resistor, the battery cell, and the reverse thermoelectric unit constitute a reverse thermoelectric unit circuit; Among them, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected in parallel. The first end of the fourth switch is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell. The negative terminal of the battery cell is connected to the first end of multiple series-connected reverse thermoelectric units. The second end of multiple series-connected reverse thermoelectric units is connected to the first end of the fourth switch and the first end of the second resistor. The second end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the third switch to form a reverse thermoelectric unit circuit. The first switch, the second switch, and the first resistor control the battery cell and the forward thermoelectric unit to form a forward thermoelectric unit circuit, including: The first switch and the second switch are connected in parallel. The first end of the second switch is connected to the first end of a plurality of series-connected positive thermoelectric units. The second end of the plurality of series-connected positive thermoelectric units is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell. The positive terminal of the battery cell is connected to the first end of the first resistor and the second end of the second switch. The second end of the first resistor is connected to the second end of the first switch. When the second switch is closed and the first switch is open, the forward thermoelectric unit and the battery cell constitute the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit; when the second switch is open and the first switch is closed, the forward thermoelectric unit, the battery cell, and the first resistor constitute the second circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit. When the fourth switch is closed and the third switch is open, the reverse thermoelectric unit and the battery cell form the first circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit; when the fourth switch is open and the third switch is closed, the forward thermoelectric unit, the battery cell, and the first resistor form the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit.

2. The battery balancing control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the temperature of the water-cooled plate corresponding to the forward thermoelectric unit is higher than the temperature of the battery cell corresponding to the forward thermoelectric unit, the direction of the electromotive force generated by the forward thermoelectric unit is consistent with the direction of the battery's electromotive force; when the temperature of the water-cooled plate corresponding to the reverse thermoelectric unit is lower than the temperature of the battery cell corresponding to the reverse thermoelectric unit, the direction of the electromotive force generated by the reverse thermoelectric unit is consistent with the direction of the battery's electromotive force.

3. The battery balancing control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The forward thermoelectric unit and the reverse thermoelectric unit are arranged at intervals. The thermoelectric units of the same type under the same battery cell are connected in series, and the thermoelectric units of different types under the same battery cell are connected in parallel.

4. A battery balancing control method, characterized in that, The battery balancing control method is applied to the balancing controller of the battery balancing control device according to any one of claims 1-3, and the battery balancing control method includes: The absolute voltage difference between the first voltage of the target cell and the equalization target voltage is detected to exceed a preset equalization threshold. If it exceeds the preset equalization threshold, the first voltage is detected to be higher than the equalization target voltage. If the voltage is lower than the equilibrium target voltage, the forward thermoelectric unit circuit or the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is determined based on the cell temperature of the target cell and the water-cooled plate temperature, so as to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the voltage is higher than the equilibrium target voltage, then based on the cell temperature and the average cell temperature, it is determined whether to open the forward thermoelectric unit circuit or the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit, so as to discharge the target cell in the high voltage state according to the Peltier effect.

5. The battery equalization control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to activate the forward or reverse thermoelectric unit circuit based on the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature, so as to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect, includes: Detect whether the temperature of the battery cell is lower than the temperature of the water-cooling plate; If the absolute temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature does not exceed the preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the absolute temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in the low voltage state according to the Seebeck effect until the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold and the battery equalization ends. If not, when the absolute temperature difference between the cell temperature and the water-cooled plate temperature does not exceed a preset temperature difference, the first circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect. If the absolute temperature difference exceeds the preset temperature difference, the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to charge the target cell in a low-voltage state according to the Seebeck effect, until the battery balancing ends when the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target balancing threshold.

6. The battery equalization control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining whether to activate the forward or reverse thermoelectric unit circuit based on the cell temperature and the average cell temperature, so as to discharge the target cell in a high-voltage state according to the Peltier effect, includes: Detect whether the cell temperature is lower than the average cell temperature; If so, the first circuit of the forward thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to heat the cell temperature of the target cell when discharging the target cell according to the Peltier effect until the absolute value voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold, at which point the battery equalization ends. If not, the second circuit of the reverse thermoelectric unit circuit is opened to cool the cell temperature of the target cell when discharging according to the Peltier effect, until the absolute voltage difference is less than or equal to the target equalization threshold, at which point battery equalization ends; wherein the target equalization threshold is less than the preset equalization threshold.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a processor, a memory, and a bus. The memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor. When the electronic device is running, the processor communicates with the memory via the bus. The machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor to perform the steps of the battery equalization control method as described in any one of claims 4 to 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the battery equalization control method as described in any one of claims 4 to 6.

Images