Freeze-thaw cycle adaptive device for concrete foundation of power transmission in cold region

Abstract

A kind of cold region transmission and transformation concrete foundation freeze-thaw cycle self-adapting device, it relates to the field of building construction technology.The center of bottom plate is supported on the bottom of concrete foundation and four corners are arranged four extrusion units, extrusion unit includes L-shaped side wall plate and two extrusion plates arranged at inner side edge, extrusion plate is connected with side wall plate by air rod, electric osmosis system is divided into four subsystems, including DC power supply box, temperature control switch, negative electrode tube and positive electrode tube and trigger inductive sensor, four anti-pulling rods are fixed in the four corners of bottom plate, the top end is sleeved on negative electrode tube and is processed drainage hole, the bottom end is provided with anchor head, internal drainage channel is arranged, adjacent side wall plate is connected and closed by baffle unit, and sand is filled between concrete foundation.The self-adapting device and electric osmosis system are combined to optimize the concrete foundation structure, which can effectively control the adverse effects of freeze-thaw cycle and reduce the damage of foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to an adaptive device for freeze-thaw cycles of concrete foundations for power transmission and transformation in cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of power transmission and transformation projects in my country, a large number of these projects have gradually shifted from the eastern plains to the high-altitude and environmentally complex northwest regions. However, due to geographical location and environmental factors, the high-altitude northwest regions face complex environments such as consistently low temperatures and low relative humidity. In the cold northwest regions, the freeze-thaw cycle of concrete can damage the power transmission and transformation foundations and reduce their performance.

[0003] The concrete foundations for power transmission and transformation are located in the shallow active layer of permafrost, which is subject to seasonal thawing and freezing every year, easily causing frost heave of the foundation. When the concrete foundation is buried in the frozen layer, the side surface of the foundation will be subjected to tangential frost heave force generated by the frost heave of the soil. Under the long-term action of freeze-thaw cycles, it can lead to major safety accidents such as tilting of the transmission tower, breakage of the concrete structure and damage to the steel structure, which greatly threatens the safe and stable operation of power transmission and transformation projects.

[0004] Therefore, in order to reduce the impact of cold environment on concrete foundations and thus reduce safety hazards, there is an urgent need for a freeze-thaw cycle adaptive device that can adapt to the concrete foundations of power transmission and transformation in cold regions, so as to reduce the adverse effects of freeze-thaw cycles on power transmission and transformation foundations and control the damage caused by freeze-thaw damage to the foundations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides an adaptive device for freeze-thaw cycles in concrete foundations for power transmission and transformation in cold regions. This device combines an adaptive device with an electro-osmosis system to optimize the concrete foundation structure, effectively controlling the adverse effects of freeze-thaw cycles and reducing foundation damage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an adaptive device for freeze-thaw cycles of concrete foundations for power transmission and transformation in cold regions, comprising a concrete foundation, an adaptive device, an electro-osmosis system, four anti-pull-out rods, and four baffle units. The adaptive device includes a base plate supported at the bottom of the concrete foundation at its center and four extrusion units evenly arranged at the four corners of the base plate surface. Each extrusion unit includes an L-shaped side wall plate integrally formed with the base plate and two extrusion plates disposed at the inner edges of the two arms of the side wall plate. The back of each extrusion plate is connected to the corresponding arm of the side wall plate via a pneumatic rod. When the pneumatic rod is extended, the two extrusion plates can make L-shaped contact. The electro-osmosis system is divided into four subsystems, each corresponding to one of the four extrusion units. Each subsystem is connected in series and includes a DC power supply box, a temperature control switch, and a clamp fixed to the inner side of the side wall plate. The subsystem consists of a negative and positive electrode tube at the corner and a trigger-type inductive sensor fixed to the contact end face of one of the extrusion plates. The temperature control switch and the trigger-type inductive sensor together act as a switch. The subsystem operates when the temperature control switch detects a temperature below 0°C and the trigger-type inductive sensor is not squeezed by the two extrusion plates. The four anti-pull rods are fixed at the four corners of the base plate and are set one-to-one with the negative electrode tubes of the four subsystems. The top of the anti-pull rod is fitted onto the corresponding negative electrode tube and multiple drainage holes are machined on the side wall. An anchor head is set at the bottom of the anti-pull rod. A drainage channel is axially connected inside the anti-pull rod. The side wall plates of each two adjacent extrusion units are connected and sealed by a baffle unit, so that the adaptive device forms a support frame through the four baffle units. The space between the support frame and the concrete foundation is filled with sand and the extrusion air rod is in a shortened state to separate the two extrusion plates of each extrusion unit.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention sets up an adaptive device and an electro-osmosis system around the concrete foundation and replaces the original soil around the concrete foundation with sand, thereby optimizing the structure of the power transmission and transformation concrete foundation. The sand is squeezed by the extrusion plate with air rods, and the water in the sand is drained by the electro-osmosis principle, which can effectively reduce the water content inside the sand, thereby inhibiting the generation of tangential frost heave force, effectively controlling the adverse effects of freeze-thaw cycles, reducing the problem of foundation damage, improving the stability and service life of the foundation, and the configuration of temperature control switch and trigger-type inductive sensor in the electro-osmosis system can reduce power consumption and effectively save costs. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention before extrusion;

[0009] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the device of the present invention after extrusion;

[0010] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion unit of the device of the present invention before extrusion;

[0011] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion unit of the device of the present invention after extrusion;

[0012] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the electroosmosis system and the pull-out rod of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-pull rod structure of the device of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the extrusion unit and the baffle unit of the device of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection form of part A.

[0016] In the diagram: 1-Concrete foundation; 2-Adaptive device; 21-Base plate; 22-Side wall plate; 23-Extrusion plate; 24-Air rod; 25-Guide rail; 3-Electro-osmosis system; 31-DC power supply box; 32-Negative electrode tube; 33-Positive electrode tube; 4-Pull-out rod; 41-Drainage hole; 42-Drainage channel; 43-Anchor head; 5-Baffle unit; 51-Connecting groove; 52-Connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a freeze-thaw cycle adaptive device for a concrete foundation for power transmission and transformation in cold regions includes a concrete foundation 1, an adaptive device 2, an electro-osmosis system 3, four anti-pull-out rods 4, and four baffle units 5.

[0019] Combination Figures 1-4As shown, the adaptive device 2 includes a base plate 21 centrally supported at the bottom of the concrete foundation 1 and four extrusion units evenly arranged at the four corners of the base plate 21. Each extrusion unit includes an L-shaped side wall plate 22 integrally formed with the base plate 21 and two extrusion plates 23 disposed at the inner edges of the two arms of the side wall plate 22. The back of each extrusion plate 23 is connected to the corresponding arm of the side wall plate 22 by a pneumatic rod 24. When the pneumatic rod 24 is in the extended state (initial state), the two extrusion plates 23 can make L-shaped contact. Furthermore, guide rails 25 can be respectively provided on the surface of the base plate 21 along the moving direction of each extrusion plate 23. The bottom end of the extrusion plate 23 is slidably connected to the corresponding guide rail 25, thereby better limiting the movement of the extrusion plate 23 and avoiding poor contact caused by the extrusion plate 23 shifting, which would prevent the device from working stably.

[0020] Combination Figures 1-2 , Figure 5 As shown, the electroosmosis system 3 is divided into four subsystems, each corresponding to one of the four extrusion units. Each subsystem is connected in series and includes a DC power supply box 31, a temperature control switch, a negative electrode tube 32 and a positive electrode tube 33 fixed at the inner corner of the side wall plate 22, and a trigger-type inductive sensor fixed to the contact end face of one of the extrusion plates 23. The negative electrode tube 32 and the positive electrode tube 33 are arranged adjacent to each other. The negative electrode tube 32 is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply and is in contact with the sand. The positive electrode tube 33 is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply and is smaller than the negative electrode tube 32. The DC power supply box 31 can be fixed on the top of the negative electrode tube 32 and the positive electrode tube 33. A temperature control switch is installed inside the DC power supply box 31. The temperature control switch and the trigger-type inductive sensor work together as a switch. The subsystem operates when the temperature control switch detects a temperature below 0°C and the trigger-type inductive sensor is not being squeezed by the two extrusion plates 23.

[0021] Combination Figures 5-6 As shown, the four anti-pull rods 4 are fixed at the four corners of the base plate 21 and are arranged one-to-one with the negative electrode tubes 32 of the four subsystems, which can further ensure the stability of the adaptive device 2. The top of the anti-pull rod 4 is fitted onto the corresponding negative electrode tube 32 and multiple drainage holes 41 are machined on the side wall. Furthermore, the negative electrode tube 32 should preferably be a spiral tube so that water can better enter the anti-pull rod 4 through the multiple drainage holes 41 under electro-osmosis. An anchor head 43 is provided at the bottom of the anti-pull rod 4. A drainage channel 42 is provided axially inside the anti-pull rod 4 to discharge the water that enters the anti-pull rod 4 to the deep soil layer below the adaptive device 2. The anti-pull rod 4 should be as long as possible to discharge water to an area that does not affect the foundation.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 , Figures 7-8As shown, the sidewalls 22 of each pair of adjacent extrusion units are connected and sealed by a baffle unit 5, so that the adaptive device 2 is enclosed by the four baffle units 5 to form a support frame. Furthermore, connecting grooves 51 can be provided on the upper edges of the two arms of the sidewall 22 and the upper edges of the baffle units 5. The connecting grooves 51 are T-shaped, and when the baffle unit 5 is connected to the sidewall 22, the two connecting grooves 51 are joined together in an I-shape. The sidewall 22 and the baffle unit 5 are connected and positioned using a tenon and mortise structure through matching connecting blocks 52. The original soil between the support frame and the concrete foundation 1 is hollowed out and replaced with sand using a replacement method. After the replacement is completed, the sand extrusion air rods 24 are required to be in a shortened state so that the two extrusion plates 23 of each extrusion unit are separated from each other.

[0023] Through the above structural form, the soil around the original concrete foundation 1 is replaced with sand with poor water absorption capacity. The adaptive device 2 uses four baffle units 5 to form a support frame to prevent sand loss. The electro-osmotic effect of the four subsystems of the electro-osmotic system 3, combined with the squeezing effect of the four squeezing units of the adaptive device 2, works synergistically to control the water content in the sand, realizing the overall self-adaptation of the foundation to freeze-thaw cycles, effectively reducing the tangential frost heave force on the foundation, and maintaining the stability of the power transmission and transformation concrete foundation. The adaptive device 2 is a precast component, applicable to both independent foundations and pile foundations. Its size can be adjusted according to the concrete foundation 1 to meet the application of foundations of different sizes. The specific principle is as follows:

[0024] In the four subsystems of the electroosmosis system 3, the temperature control switch disconnects when it detects that the temperature is higher than 0°C, and the trigger-type inductive sensor disconnects when it is squeezed by the two extrusion plates 23. Since it is connected in series, the subsystem will not work when at least one of the temperature control switch and the trigger-type inductive sensor disconnects.

[0025] After the initial sand replacement is completed, the two extrusion plates 23 of each extrusion unit of the adaptive device 2 are in a separated state, without compressing the trigger-type inductive sensor. When the external ambient temperature drops to below 0°C as detected by the temperature control switch, the four subsystems of the electro-osmosis system 3 begin operation. Water in the sand moves towards the negative electrode pipe 32 under electro-osmosis, enters the anti-pull rod 4 through the drainage hole 41, and is discharged into the deeper soil layer from the bottom anchor head 43 along the drainage channel 42. Initially, the air rod 24 is compressed and shortened. As the water content in the sand gradually decreases, the two extrusion plates 23 of each extrusion unit move under the restoring force of the air rod 24, compressing the sand and further promoting the drainage of water, thus providing positive feedback to the electro-osmosis system 3. The subsystems of the electro-osmosis system 3 cease operation when the two extrusion plates 23 of each extrusion unit reach L-shaped contact, compressing the trigger-type inductive sensor. If the water content of the sand increases due to factors such as snowmelt, the sand expands and pushes open the two extrusion plates 23 of each extrusion unit again, and the subsystem of the electro-osmosis system 3 works again to drain the water from the sand.

[0026] In addition, when the external ambient temperature rises to the point where the temperature control switch detects a temperature higher than 0°C, the temperature control switch will disconnect because there will be no more frost heave. This will prevent the electroosmosis system 3 from working when the ambient temperature is higher than 0°C. During this period, the water content of the sand may increase due to factors such as rainfall. However, due to the enclosure of the side wall plate 22 of the adaptive device 2 and the baffle unit 5, the sand may expand to fill the support frame at most, without affecting the structural stability.

[0027] In summary, the adaptive freeze-thaw cycle is achieved through the squeezing action of the adaptive device 2, the electroosmotic action of the electroosmotic system 3, and the cooperation of the temperature control switch and the trigger-type inductive sensor.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An adaptive device for freeze-thaw cycle of concrete foundation for power transmission and transformation in cold regions, characterized in that: The system includes a concrete foundation (1), an adaptive device (2), an electro-osmosis system (3), four anti-pull rods (4), and four baffle units (5). The adaptive device (2) includes a base plate (21) supported at the bottom of the concrete foundation (1) at its center, and four extrusion units evenly arranged at the four corners of the surface of the base plate (21). Each extrusion unit includes an L-shaped side wall plate (22) integrally formed with the base plate (21), and two supports located at the inner edges of the two arms of the side wall plate (22). The extrusion plate (23) is connected to the corresponding support arm of the side wall plate (22) via an air rod (24). When the air rod (24) is extended, the two extrusion plates (23) can make L-shaped contact. The electroosmosis system (3) is divided into four subsystems and four extrusion units, which are set one-to-one. Each subsystem is connected in series and includes a DC power supply box (31), a temperature control switch, a negative electrode tube (32) and a positive electrode tube (33) fixed at the inner corner of the side wall plate (22), and a solid... A trigger-type inductive sensor is fixed to the contact end face of one of the extrusion plates (23). The temperature control switch and the trigger-type inductive sensor together serve as a switch. The subsystem operates when the temperature control switch detects that the temperature is below 0°C and the trigger-type inductive sensor is not squeezed by the two extrusion plates (23). The four anti-pull rods (4) are fixed in the middle at the four corners of the base plate (21) and are set one-to-one with the negative electrode tubes (32) of the four subsystems. The top of the anti-pull rod (4) is fitted onto the corresponding negative electrode tube (32) and the side wall is reinforced. Multiple drainage holes (41) are provided, and anchor heads (43) are provided at the bottom of the anti-pull rod (4). A drainage channel (42) is provided axially inside the anti-pull rod (4). The side wall plates (22) of each two adjacent extrusion units are connected and closed by a baffle unit (5), so that the adaptive device (2) is surrounded by the four baffle units (5) to form a support frame. The support frame and the concrete foundation (1) are filled with sand and the extrusion air rod (24) is in a shortened state so that the two extrusion plates (23) of each extrusion unit are separated from each other.

2. The adaptive device for freeze-thaw cycle of concrete foundation for power transmission and transformation in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting grooves (51) are respectively provided on the upper edge of the two arms of the side wall panel (22) and the upper edge of the baffle unit (5). The connecting grooves (51) are T-shaped. When the baffle unit (5) is connected to the side wall panel (22), the two connecting grooves (51) are joined together in an I-shape. The side wall panel (22) and the baffle unit (5) are connected and positioned by a matching connecting block (52).

3. The adaptive device for freeze-thaw cycle of concrete foundation for power transmission and transformation in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (21) is provided with guide rails (25) along the moving direction of each extrusion plate (23), and the bottom end of the extrusion plate (23) is slidably connected to the corresponding guide rail (25).

4. The adaptive device for freeze-thaw cycle of concrete foundation for power transmission and transformation in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative electrode (32) is a spiral tube.

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