A method of mining a large open-faced decorative stone material mine

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone. A double-blade circular saw (5) is used to make transverse cuts on three steps: upper, middle, and lower, to complete the side cutting of the stone strip (13). After the transverse cuts by the double-blade circular saw (5), a single-blade circular saw (6) is used to make longitudinal cuts on three steps: upper, middle, and lower, to complete the end face cutting of the stone strip (13). After the longitudinal cuts by the single-blade circular saw (6), a diamond wire saw (7) is used to make horizontal cuts on three steps: upper, middle, and lower, to complete the separation of the stone strip (13). After the diamond wire saw (7), downward drill holes (11) are drilled and split on the top of the stone strip on three steps: upper, middle, and lower, to cut the stone strip (13) into raw blocks (14). The mining method of this invention is carried out in an orderly manner, effectively avoiding conflicts between equipment and cable entanglement. It has good safety and high production capacity guarantee rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of open-pit decorative stone mining technology, specifically relating to an open-pit decorative stone mining method, which is particularly applicable to large-scale open-pit decorative stone mining. Background Technology

[0002] Natural decorative stone is widely used in modern decoration projects. The stone quarrying process generally includes separation, cutting, and shaping, with the separation of strip-shaped stones from the ore body being called separation. Typically, open-pit decorative stone quarries first use circular saws to cut the ore body horizontally and vertically downwards. After completing the vertical cuts, diamond wire saws are used to horizontally cut the bottom of the ore body to achieve separation. The separated ore body is called strip stone, and its dimensions include rectangular blocks of various sizes such as 20m long × 1.5m wide × 1.4m high. Finally, pneumatic rock drills are used to drill vertically downward holes in the top of the strip stone, and then the strip stone is cut into blocks of various sizes such as 2m long × 1.5m wide × 1.4m high using splitting drilling.

[0003] It can be seen that the raw stone blocks are regularly shaped and small in volume, requiring numerous and time-consuming cutting processes that must be followed in a specific order. Therefore, to ensure production scale, mines must be equipped with a large number of personnel and equipment working together. In recent years, large-scale open-pit granite quarries for decorative purposes have begun to emerge in China, such as the Xinqiao granite quarry for decorative purposes in Wan'an County, Jiangxi Province, with a mining scale of 2.26 million cubic meters. 3 / year. Calculations show that to maintain its rated production capacity, the mine needs to organize approximately 200 employees working simultaneously on three working faces, using a total of 172 pieces of equipment including circular saws, diamond wire saws, pneumatic rock drills, and mobile air compressors, along with 52 power cables totaling approximately 36,400 meters in length. The positions of these personnel and equipment constantly change as the working faces advance, and the power cables also move with the equipment. If these issues are not managed in a coordinated and orderly manner, the following problems may arise: ① different cutting equipment cannot operate simultaneously; ② cables become tangled; ③ equipment cuts into cables; ④ workers cannot determine safe zones. When these problems cannot be resolved quickly, they can lead to reduced mine production or, in severe cases, accidents.

[0004] To address the above issues, there is an urgent need to develop and design a method for large-scale open-pit stone quarrying that is safe, easy to construct, and highly efficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems faced by current large-scale open-pit decorative stone mining, such as complicated production processes, numerous equipment, long cable lines, and high management difficulty, by providing a method for large-scale open-pit decorative stone mining that is safe to operate, orderly in production, and stable in capacity.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention, the following technical solution is adopted for the large-scale open-pit stone quarrying method: the mining face of a single quarry below the final slope is divided into an upper step, a middle step, and a lower step. According to the designed dimensions of the stone strips (length, width, and height), a double-blade circular saw is used to make transverse cuts on the upper, middle, and lower steps sequentially to complete the side cutting of the stone strips. After the transverse cuts by the double-blade circular saw, a single-blade circular saw is used to make longitudinal cuts on the upper, middle, and lower steps sequentially to complete the end face cutting of the stone strips. After the longitudinal cuts by the single-blade circular saw, a diamond wire saw is used to make horizontal cuts on the upper, middle, and lower steps sequentially to separate the stone strips. Following the diamond wire saw, holes are drilled and split at the top of the stone strips on the upper, middle, and lower steps sequentially to cut the stone strips into raw blocks.

[0007] The present invention discloses a method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries, which specifically employs the following steps for cyclic water-cooled cutting operations at each stage:

[0008] The first step is to place a double-blade circular saw on the upper step to make a transverse cut on the side of the upper step; during the cutting, the power cable of the double-blade circular saw is always located behind the double-blade circular saw; after the cutting is completed, a transverse cut is formed on the upper step; after the transverse cut of the upper step is completed, the double-blade circular saw is moved to the middle step, and the transverse cut of the middle step begins.

[0009] The second step involves placing a single-blade circular saw on the upper step to longitudinally cut the end of the upper step. During cutting, the power cable of the single-blade circular saw is always located behind the single-blade circular saw. After the cutting is completed, the upper step forms a longitudinal slit perpendicular to the transverse slit. After the upper step has completed the longitudinal cutting, all the single-blade circular saws are moved to the middle step to carry out longitudinal cutting. At this time, the middle step has also completed the transverse cutting, and all the single-blade circular saws have been moved to the lower step, where the lower step begins transverse cutting.

[0010] The third step involves placing diamond wire saws on the upper step to horizontally cut the bottom of the upper step. During cutting, the power cable of the diamond wire saw is always located behind the diamond wire saw. After horizontal cutting, a horizontal kerf is formed, and the stone strips are separated from the ore body. Then, all the diamond wire saws on the upper step are moved to the middle step, and horizontal cutting is carried out on the middle step. At this time, the middle step has also completed longitudinal cutting. And all the single-blade circular saws have been moved to the lower step, and longitudinal cutting begins on the lower step.

[0011] The fourth step is to drill downward holes in the top of the stone blocks of the upper steps; then cut the stone blocks by splitting the holes to form raw blocks; after the raw blocks of the upper steps are loaded and transported, the next cycle of production begins; at this time, the middle steps have been horizontally cut and the lower steps have been longitudinally cut.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the upper step is 1.2 to 1.8 m higher than the middle step, and the middle step is 1.2 to 1.8 m higher than the lower step.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the spacing between adjacent transverse cuts is 1.3 to 1.8 mm, and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal cuts is 18 to 24 m.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper steps are 1.4m higher than the middle steps, and the middle steps are 1.4m higher than the lower steps.

[0015] Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent transverse cuts is 1.5m, and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal cuts is 20m.

[0016] Furthermore, the stone slab is 20m long, 1.5m wide, and 1.4m high.

[0017] Furthermore, the raw block is 2m long, 1.5m wide, and 1.4m high.

[0018] The method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries according to the present invention, after adopting the above technical solution, has the following positive effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention has three steps in a single mining area: upper, middle and lower. The height difference between adjacent steps is 1.4m. Various cutting equipment are produced in an orderly manner on the upper, middle and lower steps in sequence, avoiding mutual interference and greatly improving the operating efficiency and production efficiency of the equipment.

[0020] (2) The power supply cable is always located behind the equipment, and the excess part is put into the cable reel, so there is no risk of the power supply cable getting tangled or knotted.

[0021] (3) High production capacity is easy to achieve. Large mines can reach the rated production scale by increasing the number of mining areas. Individual mining areas are highly independent and will not affect the production of the entire mine.

[0022] (4) The method of the present invention carries out the flow operation from top to bottom. Different equipment is selected for horizontal, longitudinal and horizontal cutting respectively. The horizontal, longitudinal and horizontal cutting are carried out in sequence and in an orderly manner, which is highly adaptable and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a circulating water cutting operation for a large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarry (①, ②, ③, ④, ...). (Indicates the sequence of operations in a production line);

[0024] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the horizontal cutting of the upper steps in a method for mining large-scale open-air decorative stone quarries according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the longitudinal cutting of the upper steps and the transverse cutting of the middle steps in a large open-air stone quarry mining method according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries according to the present invention, showing the horizontal cutting of the upper steps, the longitudinal cutting of the middle steps, and the transverse cutting of the lower steps.

[0027] Figure 5 This invention relates to a method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries, which involves cutting the upper steps of the stone blocks, horizontally cutting the middle steps, and longitudinally cutting the lower steps.

[0028] Figure 6 This invention relates to a method for mining large-scale open-air decorative stone quarries, which involves horizontal cutting of the upper steps, slab cutting of the middle steps, and horizontal cutting of the lower steps.

[0029] Figure 7 This invention relates to a method for mining large-scale open-air decorative stone quarries, which includes longitudinal cutting of the upper steps, transverse cutting of the middle steps, and perspective views of the lower steps' stage stone strips.

[0030] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Upper step; 2-Middle step; 3-Lower step; 4-Final slope; 5-Double-blade circular saw; 6-Single-blade circular saw; 7-Diamond wire saw; 8-Transverse cut; 9-Longitudinal cut; 10-Horizontal cut; 11-Drill hole; 12-Power cable; 13-Strip stone; 14-Raw block. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better describe the present invention, the following detailed description of a method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is provided.

[0032] The technical parameters of this invention's method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries, applied in a granite quarry project for decorative purposes in Jiangxi Province, are as follows: the upper step 1 is 1.4m higher than the middle step 2, and the middle step 2 is 1.4m higher than the lower step 3. Each step is 120m long and 60m wide. The spacing between adjacent transverse cuts 8 is 1.5m, and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal cuts 9 is 20m. The depth of both transverse cuts 8 and longitudinal cuts 9 is 1.4m.

[0033] Depend on Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of a circulating water cutting operation method for large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarrying according to the present invention, and is combined with... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As can be seen, the method of the present invention divides the mining face of a single stope below the final slope 4 into an upper bench 1, a middle bench 2, and a lower bench 3, and performs circulating water cutting operations on each bench according to the following steps:

[0034] The first step is to place a double-blade circular saw 5 on the upper step 1 to make a transverse cut on the side of the upper step 1. During the cutting, the power supply cable 12 of the double-blade circular saw 5 is always located behind the double-blade circular saw 5. After the cutting is completed, a transverse cut 8 is formed on the upper step 1. After the transverse cut of the upper step 1 is completed, the double-blade circular saw 5 is moved to the middle step 2, and the middle step 2 begins to make a transverse cut.

[0035] The second step is to place a single-blade circular saw 6 on the upper step 1 to longitudinally cut the end of the upper step 1; during the cutting, the power supply cable 12 of the single-blade circular saw 6 is always located behind the single-blade circular saw 6; after the cutting is completed, the upper step 1 forms a longitudinal slit 9 perpendicular to the transverse slit 8; after the upper step 1 completes the longitudinal cutting, all the single-blade circular saws 6 are moved to the middle step 2 to carry out longitudinal cutting; at this time, the middle step (2) has also completed the transverse cutting, and all the single-blade circular saws 6 have been moved to the lower step 3, and the lower step 3 begins transverse cutting;

[0036] The third step involves placing a diamond wire saw 7 on the upper step 1 to horizontally cut the bottom of the upper step 1. During cutting, the power supply cable 12 of the diamond wire saw 7 is always located behind the diamond wire saw 7. After horizontal cutting, a horizontal slit 10 is formed, and the strip stone 13 is separated from the ore body. Then, all the diamond wire saws 7 on the upper step 1 are moved to the middle step 2, and horizontal cutting is carried out on the middle step 2. At this time, the middle step 2 has also completed longitudinal cutting. And all the single-blade circular saws 6 have been moved to the lower step 3, and longitudinal cutting begins on the lower step 3.

[0037] The fourth step is to drill downward holes 11 at the top of the stone strips 13 of the upper step 1; then cut the stone strips 13 by splitting the holes to form raw blocks 14; after the raw blocks of the upper step 1 are loaded and transported, the next cycle of operation begins; at this time, the middle step 2 has been horizontally cut and the lower step 3 has been longitudinally cut.

[0038] Depend on Figure 2 The perspective view of the upper step transverse cutting of the method for mining large open-air decorative stone quarry of the present invention shows that a double-blade circular saw 5 is arranged transversely on the upper step 1 for transverse cutting; during cutting, the power supply cable 12 is always located behind the double-blade circular saw 5; after transverse cutting, the upper step 1 forms a transverse cut 8.

[0039] Depend on Figure 3The perspective view of the large-scale open-pit stone quarrying method of the present invention, which involves longitudinal cutting of the upper step and transverse cutting of the middle step, shows that a single-blade circular saw 6 is arranged longitudinally on the upper step 1 for longitudinal cutting; during cutting, the power supply cable 12 is always located behind the single-blade circular saw 6. After longitudinal cutting, the upper step 1 forms a longitudinal slit 9 perpendicular to the transverse slit 8, and the middle step 2 repeats the transverse cutting completed by the upper step 1; after longitudinal cutting, the upper step 1 forms a longitudinal slit 9 perpendicular to the transverse slit 8, and the middle step 2 repeats the transverse cutting completed by the upper step 1.

[0040] Depend on Figure 4 The perspective view of the large-scale open-pit stone quarrying method of the present invention, showing horizontal cutting of the upper step, longitudinal cutting of the middle step, and transverse cutting of the lower step, shows that a diamond wire saw 7 is arranged on the upper step 1 for horizontal cutting; during cutting, the power supply cable 12 is always located behind the diamond wire saw 7. After horizontal cutting, the upper step 1 completes the separation of the stone strips 13, and the middle step 2 repeats the longitudinal cutting completed by the upper step 1, while the lower step 3 repeats the transverse cutting completed by the middle step 2.

[0041] Depend on Figure 5 The perspective view of the large-scale open-pit stone quarrying method of the present invention, showing the upper step cutting of stone slabs, the middle step horizontal cutting, and the lower step longitudinal cutting, shows that holes 11 are drilled downwards in the stone slabs 13 of the upper step 1; after splitting the drilled holes, the stone slabs 13 are cut into raw blocks 14. At this time, the middle step 2 repeats the horizontal cutting completed by the upper step 1, and the lower step 3 repeats the longitudinal cutting completed by the middle step 2.

[0042] Depend on Figure 6 The perspective view of the large-scale open-pit stone quarrying method of the present invention, which shows the upper step 1 entering the next horizontal cutting cycle, the middle step 2 repeating the cutting of the stone strips 13 completed by the upper step 1, and the lower step 3 repeating the horizontal cutting completed by the middle step 2.

[0043] Depend on Figure 7 The perspective view of the large-scale open-pit stone quarrying method of the present invention, which shows the longitudinal cutting of the upper step, the transverse cutting of the middle step, and the stage of the lower step, shows that the upper step 1 enters the next longitudinal cutting cycle; the middle step 2 enters the next transverse cutting cycle; and the lower step 3 repeats the cutting of the stone 13 completed by the middle step 2.

[0044] The engineering application results of the method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries according to the present invention show that after adopting the method of the present invention, the production efficiency is increased by more than 45%, the mining is orderly, conflicts between equipment and cable entanglement are effectively avoided, and it has the advantages of good safety and high production capacity guarantee rate, which has been widely praised by users.

Claims

1. A method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries, characterized in that: The mining face of a single stope below the final slope (4) is divided into an upper bench (1), a middle bench (2), and a lower bench (3). According to the length, width, and height specifications of the stone blocks (13) of the design dimensions, the following steps are used to carry out the circulating water cutting operation of each bench: First, a double-blade circular saw (5) is placed on the upper step (1) to make a transverse cut on the side of the upper step (1); during the cut, the power supply cable (12) of the double-blade circular saw (5) is always located behind the double-blade circular saw (5); after the cut is completed, a transverse cut (8) is formed on the upper step (1); after the upper step (1) has completed the transverse cut, the double-blade circular saw (5) is moved to the middle step (2) and the middle step (2) begins to make a transverse cut. The second step involves placing a single-blade circular saw (6) on the upper step (1) to longitudinally cut the end of the upper step (1). During the cutting process, the power supply cable (12) of the single-blade circular saw (6) is always located behind the single-blade circular saw (6). After the cutting is completed, the upper step (1) forms a longitudinal slit (9) perpendicular to the transverse slit (8). After the upper step (1) completes the longitudinal cutting, all the single-blade circular saws (6) are moved to the middle step (2) to carry out longitudinal cutting. At this time, the middle step (2) has also completed the transverse cutting, and all the double-blade circular saws (5) have been moved to the lower step (3), and the lower step (3) begins transverse cutting. The third step involves placing a diamond wire saw (7) on the upper step (1) to horizontally cut the bottom of the upper step (1). During the cutting, the power supply cable (12) of the diamond wire saw (7) is always located behind the diamond wire saw (7). After the horizontal cutting, a horizontal slit (10) is formed, and the strip stone (13) is separated from the ore body. Then, all the diamond wire saws (7) on the upper step (1) are moved to the middle step (2), and the middle step (2) is used for horizontal cutting. At this time, the middle step (2) has also completed the longitudinal cutting. And all the single-blade circular saws (6) have been moved to the lower step (3), and the lower step (3) begins longitudinal cutting. The fourth step is to drill downward holes (11) at the top of the stone strips (13) of the upper step (1); then cut the stone strips (13) by splitting the holes to form raw blocks (14); after the raw blocks of the upper step (1) are loaded and transported, the next cycle of operation begins; at this time, the middle step (2) has been horizontally cut and the lower step (3) has been longitudinally cut.

2. The method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper step (1) is 1.2 to 1.8 m higher than the middle step (2), and the middle step (2) is 1.2 to 1.8 m higher than the lower step (3).

3. A method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent transverse cuts (8) is 1.3 to 1.8 mm, and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal cuts (9) is 18 to 24 mm.

4. The method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The upper step (1) is 1.4m higher than the middle step (2), and the middle step (2) is 1.4m higher than the lower step (3).

5. The method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent transverse cuts (8) is 1.5m, and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal cuts (9) is 20m.

6. The method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The upper step (1) is 1.4m higher than the middle step (2), and the middle step (2) is 1.4m higher than the lower step (3); the spacing between adjacent transverse cuts (8) is 1.5m, and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal cuts (9) is 20m.

7. The method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The stone strip (13) is 20m long, 1.5m wide and 1.4m high.

8. The method for mining large-scale open-pit decorative stone quarries as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The raw material (14) is 2m long, 1.5m wide and 1.4m high.

Images