Method for forming a compensation space in an underground mine

Abstract

The application provides a method for forming a mining compensation space in an underground mine, comprising the following steps: S1, drilling a first blast hole for a blasting cutting well on the top of a first mine chamber space on one side of a rock drilling tunnel; S2, drilling a second blast hole for a blasting cutting groove on the top of a second mine chamber space opposite to the first mine chamber space in the rock drilling tunnel; S3, charging the first blast hole and blasting the cutting well; S4, charging the second blast hole and blasting the cutting groove in one time to form a mining compensation space. The method can form the cutting groove in one time, thereby accelerating the construction progress and reducing the construction cost and danger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining technology, and more specifically, to a method for forming compensation space in underground mines. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most underground iron ore mining in my country adopts VCR (Vertical Deep Hole Spherical Charge Retreat) or the top and bottom layered subsequent filling method. Due to the small sections and thin ore blocks in small and medium-sized mines, the bottom layered subsequent filling method is generally used. In order to ensure the smooth progress of medium-deep hole blasting, cutting risers and cutting slots need to be set up in advance before the blasting positioning hole construction to provide compensation space.

[0003] Now, after the cutting well is successfully breached, there may be insufficient compensation space, so it is necessary to expand the cutting groove. When constructing the cutting groove, a multi-stage blasting process is adopted. Multiple blasts pose a risk of working near the edge, which affects the construction progress. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for forming a compensation space in an underground mine, which forms a cutting groove by blasting in one go, thereby accelerating the construction progress and reducing construction costs and risks.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for forming underground mining compensation space, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Drill the first blast hole for the blasting cutting shaft at the top of the first mining chamber space on one side of the rock drilling tunnel;

[0007] S2: Drill a second blast hole for blasting cutting grooves at the top of the rock drilling tunnel space opposite the first mine space and the second mine space.

[0008] S3: Charge explosives into the first borehole and blast out the cutting well;

[0009] S4: Charge explosives into the second blast hole and blast out the cutting groove in one go to form a mining compensation space.

[0010] In step S1, the first blast hole is drilled at the top of the first mine chamber according to the design drawings. The diameter of the first blast hole is 90mm.

[0011] In step S2, the diameter of the second borehole is 90 mm.

[0012] In step S2, a second row of blast holes is drilled evenly and side by side in the rock drilling tunnel space and the second stope space, and the second row of blast holes is parallel to the rock drilling tunnel.

[0013] The second row of boreholes includes evenly spaced second boreholes.

[0014] Both the first and second blast holes extend into the upper tunnel.

[0015] In step S3, an emulsion explosive cartridge is used in the first borehole, and the delay is controlled by an electronic detonator to achieve micro-delay blasting.

[0016] In step S4, explosives are loaded into the second boreholes, and electronic detonators are used to control the sequential delayed detonation of all the second borehole rows.

[0017] The underground mining compensation space formation method according to the present invention employs a first blast hole for drilling a cutting shaft in the stope space on one side of the drilling roadway, and a second blast hole for drilling a cutting groove in the drilling roadway and the stope space on the other side. The second blast hole uses a larger diameter blast hole. After the cutting shaft breaks through the roof, the cutting groove is blasted out in one go. This invention uses a large hole instead of a small hole as the cutting groove blast hole, increasing the compensation space in advance. Then, by reasonably adjusting the blast hole spacing, the cutting groove is blasted out in one go, forming the compensation space. This reduces construction costs, improves construction efficiency, and reduces construction risks.

[0018] To achieve the foregoing and related objectives, one or more aspects of the invention include the features that will be described in detail below and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and accompanying drawings illustrate certain exemplary aspects of the invention. However, these aspects indicate only a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention can be used. Furthermore, the invention is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Other objects and results of the invention will become more apparent and readily understood with reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the contents of the claims, and with a more complete understanding of the invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for forming underground mining compensation space according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a rock-drilling tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Among them, 1-rock drilling tunnel, 2-first stope space, 3-first blast hole, 4-second stope space, 5-second blast hole, 6-rock drilling tunnel space.

[0023] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals indicate similar or corresponding features or functions. Detailed Implementation

[0024] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth for illustrative purposes and to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it will be apparent that these embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form for ease of description of one or more embodiments.

[0025] This invention can be modified and has various embodiments, with specific embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, this invention is not limited to this particular implementation and all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions falling within the spirit and technical scope of this invention are to be understood as included.

[0026] Ordinal terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various constituent elements, but the constituent elements are not limited to these terms. The terms are used only to distinguish one constituent element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the claims of this invention, a second constituent element may be named a first constituent element, and similarly, a first constituent element may be named a second constituent element. Terms and / or include combinations of multiple associated items or one of multiple associated items.

[0027] It should be understood that when referring to a constituent element being "connected" or "in contact" with other constituent elements, this includes not only cases where it is directly connected or in contact with other constituent elements, but also cases where other constituent elements exist between them. Conversely, when referring to a constituent element being "directly connected" or "directly in contact" with other constituent elements, it should be understood that no other constituent elements exist between them.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments, when it is stated that a certain component is formed "on or under" other components, "on or under" includes both two components that are in direct contact with each other and at least one other component that is configured to be formed between the two components. Furthermore, when expressed as "on or under", based on a certain component, it refers not only to the upper direction but may also include the lower direction.

[0029] The terminology used in this application is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention. Unless the context clearly specifies otherwise, singular expressions include plural expressions. In this application, it should be understood that terms such as "comprising" or "having" are used to specify the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and do not preclude the presence or additional possibilities of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, including technical or scientific terms, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Terms as defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted in a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and should not be construed as having an ideal or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined in this application.

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for forming underground mining compensation space according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a rock-drilling tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the underground mining compensation space formation method proposed in this embodiment can be used for cutting shaft and cutting trench blasting construction in underground mining, especially suitable for medium and deep hole cutting shaft and cutting trench blasting construction, and can also be used for the formation of compensation space in other mining.

[0034] The method for forming local underground mining compensation space includes the following steps:

[0035] S1: Drill the first blast hole 3 at the top of the first mining space 2 on one side of the rock drilling tunnel 1 for blasting and cutting well.

[0036] On both sides of the rock drilling tunnel 1, there are corresponding stopes at regular intervals. The roof-breaking blasting in the stope creates the compensation space for the formal blasting.

[0037] In the first stope space 2 on one side of the rock drilling roadway 1, a cutting shaft will be blasted out as a compensation space. Specifically, according to the design drawings, the first blast holes 3 will be drilled in the top of the first stope space 2, and the first blast holes 3 will extend to the upper roadway.

[0038] In this embodiment, several first blast holes 3 can be drilled on the top of the first mining chamber space 2 for blasting and cutting wells. Some of the first blast holes 3 form a square shape around the top plate of the first mining chamber space 2, while some of the first blast holes 3 form multiple rings within the top plate of the first mining chamber space 2. After all the first blast holes 3 are blasted, a square well-shaped cutting well is formed.

[0039] The diameter of the first borehole 3 can be 90mm.

[0040] S2: The second blast hole 5 is drilled at the top of the rock drilling tunnel space 6 opposite to the first mine space 2 and the second mine space 4 to drill the blasting cutting groove.

[0041] In the second mining space 4 on the other side of the rock drilling tunnel 1 and the rock drilling tunnel space 6 connecting the first and second mining spaces, cutting grooves are to be blasted out, which, together with the cutting shaft, serve as compensation spaces.

[0042] Specifically, the layout of the second blast holes 5 should be determined based on the width of the stope and the specifications of the cutting shaft. All second blast holes 5 should be arranged in rows and columns, extending to the upper roadway. In this embodiment, rows of second blast holes are drilled evenly and side-by-side within the drilling roadway space 6 and the second stope space 4. These rows are parallel to the drilling roadway 1, and each row includes evenly spaced second blast holes 5. The number and spacing of the rows are determined based on the site conditions, as are the number and spacing of the second blast holes 5 within each row.

[0043] The diameter of the second borehole 5 is selected based on the spacing. The diameter can be relatively large; in this embodiment, 90mm is used.

[0044] The larger diameter second blast hole 5 has a pre-existing compensation space, which facilitates the one-time blasting of all the second blast holes 5. After all the second blast holes 5 are blasted, they form a square groove-shaped cutting groove.

[0045] S3: Load explosives into the first blast hole 3 and blast out the cutting well.

[0046] Explosives are loaded into each first blast hole 3, and the blasting proceeds from the first stope space 2 to the upper roadway. Emulsion explosive cartridges can be used in the first blast holes 3, and the delay can be controlled by electronic detonators to achieve micro-delay blasting, completing the shaft cutting in a single blast.

[0047] S4: Load explosives into the second blast hole 5 and blast out a cutting groove in one go, forming a mining compensation space.

[0048] Explosives are loaded into each second blast hole 5, and the roof is breached in one go from the second mine space 4 to the upper roadway. The cutting groove is then blasted in one go.

[0049] To reduce the explosive power, explosives can be loaded into the second borehole 5, and electronic detonators can be used to control the sequential detonation of all second borehole rows with a slight delay, ensuring that the single explosion does not exceed the required value. The blasting sequence can be from the drilling tunnel space 6 to the second stope space 4.

[0050] In this embodiment, a delay time is set for adjacent second blast hole rows in the order from the rock drilling tunnel space 6 to the second stope space 4, and the second blast hole rows are gradually blasted in sequence.

[0051] The construction equipment can be the YGZ90-II gas-hydraulic drilling rig.

[0052] The method for forming underground mining compensation space according to the present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications can be made to the method for forming underground mining compensation space according to the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for forming compensation space in underground mining, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Drill the first blast hole for the blasting cutting shaft at the top of the first mining chamber space on one side of the rock drilling tunnel; S2: Drill a second blast hole for blasting cutting grooves at the top of the rock drilling tunnel space opposite the first mine space and the second mine space. S3: Charge explosives into the first borehole and blast out the cutting well; S4: Charge explosives into the second borehole and blast out the cutting groove in one go to form a mining compensation space; Specifically, at regular intervals on both sides of the rock drilling tunnel, there are corresponding stope spaces. In the stope spaces, roof-breaking blasting forms a compensation space for the formal blasting. In the first stope space on one side of the rock drilling tunnel, a cutting shaft is blasted out as a compensation space. In the second stope space on the other side of the rock drilling tunnel and the rock drilling tunnel space connecting the first and second stope spaces, a cutting groove is blasted out, which, together with the cutting shaft, serves as a compensation space.

2. The method for forming underground mining compensation space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the first blast hole is drilled at the top of the first mine chamber according to the design drawings. The diameter of the first blast hole is 90mm.

3. The method for forming underground mining compensation space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the diameter of the second borehole is 90 mm.

4. The method for forming underground mining compensation space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, a second row of blast holes is drilled evenly and side by side in the rock drilling tunnel space and the second stope space, and the second row of blast holes is parallel to the rock drilling tunnel. The second row of boreholes includes evenly spaced second boreholes.

5. The method for forming underground mining compensation space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second blast holes extend into the upper tunnel.

6. The method for forming underground mining compensation space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, emulsion explosive cartridges are used in the first borehole, and the delay is controlled by an electronic detonator to achieve micro-delay blasting.

7. The method for forming underground mining compensation space as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, explosives are loaded into the second boreholes, and electronic detonators are used to control the sequential delayed detonation of all the second borehole rows.

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