An ore grade automatic real-time monitoring system and method suitable for rail transportation

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of ore grade automatic real-time monitoring system and method suitable for track transport, belong to ore grade monitoring technical field.The technical scheme is: system self-starting;The volume data of ore in the mine car is obtained by laser three-dimensional scanning device;The precise measurement of the weight of ore in the mine car is realized by weight monitoring system;The volume V and weight m of ore in single mine car are obtained in real time and automatically, and the specific gravity D is obtained, wherein D=m / V;When the obtained numerical point is below linear regression line, it indicates that grade is reduced;Otherwise, it indicates that grade is higher.The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the grade information of ore can be obtained in real time, the automatic monitoring of ore grade is realized, and manual operation and human error are reduced;Through real-time monitoring and automatic control, continuous monitoring of ore grade in track transport can be realized;Through wireless transmission, the method of real-time monitoring and data processing can obtain comprehensive ore grade information and timely adjust production activities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an automatic real-time monitoring system and method for ore grade suitable for rail transportation, belonging to the field of ore grade monitoring technology. Background Technology

[0002] Ore grade is a crucial indicator guiding mining production in mining enterprises. Its results effectively guide mining operations, allowing for timely adjustments to production plans and decisions, thus making the production process more efficient, accurate, and economical. Traditional ore grade monitoring methods commonly include laboratory testing and field monitoring. Laboratory testing involves manually collecting large quantities of samples on-site and bringing them to the laboratory for testing. Common testing methods include microscopic identification, chemical analysis, and X-ray analysis. Field monitoring uses equipment to obtain ore grade data on-site. However, due to the drawbacks of manual sampling and the inherent lag in test results, accurate and real-time ore grade data cannot be obtained. For example, Chinese patent CN219417291U discloses an online ore grade monitoring system. This system is suitable for belt conveyor systems and features automatic sampling and sample preparation, but it is not suitable for rail transport. Furthermore, the ore grade is tested using chemical methods, resulting in relatively delayed results and low real-time performance and intelligence. Chinese patent CN104483234A discloses an automatic iron ore grade detection system and method. This patent describes an automatic iron ore grade detection system suitable for rail transportation, which uses a dynamic rail scale to measure weight. However, this requires disassembling the rail for installation, making the process complex and affecting unloading operations. Furthermore, it only has one measuring point, and due to the varying weights of the mine cars on site, the accuracy of the ore weight data cannot be guaranteed. The patent also requires two two-dimensional laser scanners to measure ore volume in the parallel and vertical directions. Since the operating status of the mine cars on site is not fixed, the accuracy of the ore volume data cannot be guaranteed. In addition, remote data transmission between devices is not possible, resulting in a low level of intelligence and making it inconvenient for ground personnel to conduct remote real-time monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic real-time monitoring system and method for ore grade suitable for rail transportation, which realizes intelligent real-time monitoring, accurately and timely obtains ore grade data, and is used to guide mining production work, thereby solving the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the background art.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0005] An automatic real-time monitoring system for ore grade suitable for rail transportation includes a self-starting system, a volume monitoring system, a weight monitoring system, and a computer system; a track is set at the bottom of the roadway, an unloading pit is set at the bottom of the track at the unloading station, vertically arranged sidewalls are set on both sides of the track at the unloading station, and the mine car is located on the track between the two sidewalls.

[0006] The self-starting system includes an integrated control and transmission device, a numbering transmitter, a photoelectric switch one, and a photoelectric switch two. Photoelectric switch one is located at the mine car entry end of the unloading station. The photoelectric transmitter and receiver of photoelectric switch one are respectively located on both sides of the roadway. The vertical height of photoelectric switch one is flush with the upper edge of the mine car and on the same vertical line as the side wall edge. Photoelectric switch one is triggered when the first mine car enters the unloading station. Photoelectric switch two is located at the mine car exit end of the unloading station. Photoelectric switch two has the same structure and arrangement as photoelectric switch one. Photoelectric switch two is triggered when the front of the last mine car leaves the unloading station. Photoelectric switch one and photoelectric switch two are respectively connected to the integrated control and transmission device. The numbering transmitter is installed on the traction locomotive of the mine car and is matched with the integrated control and transmission device.

[0007] The volume monitoring system includes an integrated control and transmission device, a laser three-dimensional scanning device, and a computer system. The laser three-dimensional scanning device is capable of emitting a laser beam to obtain a three-dimensional image. It is connected to the integrated control and transmission device wirelessly. The integrated control and transmission device is connected to the ground computer system. The laser three-dimensional scanning device is located on the top plate above the middle position of the unloading station track. After receiving a signal from a photoelectric switch, the integrated control and transmission device controls the laser three-dimensional scanning device to emit a laser beam to obtain a three-dimensional image of the ore in the mine car. The three-dimensional image is transmitted to the ground computer system, and the volume of ore in each mine car is analyzed to obtain the volume of ore.

[0008] The weight monitoring system includes an integrated control and transmission device, a first weighing sensor, a second weighing sensor, and a computer system. The first and second weighing sensors are vibration-type weighing sensors, which are wirelessly connected to the integrated control and transmission device. Multiple idlers are arranged on the side wall. The first weighing sensor is installed on the idler on the side wall at the unloading station's entry end. It weighs the mine car by contacting the idler, and the monitoring data is transmitted wirelessly to the integrated control and transmission device, and then to the ground computer system for analysis to obtain the total weight of each mine car and the ore. The second weighing sensor is installed on the idler on the side wall at the unloading station's exit end. It weighs the mine car by contacting the idler, obtaining the weight of each mine car after unloading, and thus the weight of the ore in each mine car.

[0009] The integrated control and transmission device is an integrated enclosure with functions such as wireless data transmission, wireless signal transmission and identification, and power supply. It consists of a power output interface, internal transmission lines, an information receiver, a power input interface, a control and data storage unit, and an information transmitter. The information receiver and information transmitter enable remote control and data monitoring. The control and data storage unit integrates the transmitted data and issues commands to control the operation of the entire system. The internal transmission lines provide power and data transmission for the integrated control and transmission device. The power output interface and power input interface ensure stable power supply for the entire system. The integrated control and transmission device 2 is fixed to the side wall of the roadway.

[0010] The laser three-dimensional scanning device and the weighing sensor are located in the same tunnel cross section.

[0011] The computer system is located indoors on the ground floor.

[0012] An automatic real-time monitoring method for ore grade applicable to rail transport is disclosed. This method employs the aforementioned automatic real-time ore grade monitoring system. A self-starting system enables the system to automatically start when a mine car enters the unloading station. A laser three-dimensional scanning device accurately measures the ore height inside the mine car to obtain its volume data. A weight monitoring system accurately measures the weight of the ore inside the mine car. An integrated control and transmission device and computer system enable remote data transmission and automatic processing. The system automatically acquires the volume V and weight m of the ore in a single mine car in real time, obtaining the specific gravity D, where D = m / V. When the obtained value is below the linear regression line, it indicates a lower grade; conversely, when it is above the linear regression line, it indicates a higher grade.

[0013] It includes the following steps:

[0014] ① When the mine car enters the unloading station, it triggers photoelectric switch one to send a signal to the integrated control and transmission device. The integrated control and transmission device identifies the wireless signal sent by the numbering transmitter, sends the numbering information to the computer system, and sends instructions to the laser three-dimensional scanning device, weighing sensor one and weighing sensor two respectively, and supplies power through the power line.

[0015] ② The wireless information transmitted by the numbering transmitter is a fixed number that has been set. When the traction locomotive runs into the range where the integrated control and transmission device can identify the number information, the integrated control and transmission device identifies and records the corresponding number; the laser three-dimensional scanning device operates, and obtains a three-dimensional image of the ore in the mine car by emitting a laser beam, and transmits the obtained three-dimensional image to the ground computer system to analyze and obtain the volume of ore in each mine car;

[0016] ③ When weighing sensor 1 and weighing sensor 2 are in operation, the front of the mine car comes into contact with the idler roller to which weighing sensor 1 is attached. The vibration frequency of the idler roller is monitored to obtain weight data. The monitoring data is then transmitted wirelessly to the integrated control and transmission device and then to the ground computer system for analysis to obtain the total weight of each mine car and the ore. Weighing sensor 2 obtains the weight of each mine car after unloading, and then obtains the weight of the ore in each mine car.

[0017] ④ The computer system can automatically delete the data obtained by monitoring the traction locomotive when each mine car is unloading ore, namely the first three-dimensional image of each group of data, the first data of weighing sensor one, and the first data of weighing sensor two, and re-combine and analyze the ore volume and weight data of each group of mine cars to obtain the ore grade in each mine car.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] (1) Real-time monitoring and easy installation: This system uses vibration weighing sensors, etc. Through high-precision sensors, it can obtain the grade information of ore in real time, significantly reducing monitoring time and error, and avoiding the delayed impact of the installation process of each device on ore transportation.

[0020] (2) Automated monitoring: This system combines real-time monitoring equipment and automated control system to achieve fully automated monitoring of ore grade, reducing manual operation and human error.

[0021] (3) Data transmission and processing: This system adopts an integrated control and transmission device, which can realize real-time remote monitoring and data transmission and processing through wireless transmission. It can obtain comprehensive ore grade information in real time and make timely adjustments to production activities.

[0022] (4) Applicable to rail transport: This system can continuously monitor the grade of ore during rail transport through real-time monitoring and automated control. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement along the tunnel direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement along the cross-section of the tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated control and transmission device structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Laser beam; 2. Integrated control and transmission device; 3. Photoelectric switch one; 4. Photoelectric switch two; 5. Idler roller; 6. Side wall; 7. Weighing sensor one; 8. Weighing sensor two; 9. Unloading pit; 10. Roadway; 11. Laser 3D scanning device; 12. Numbering transmitter; 13. Mine car; 14. Traction locomotive; 15. Track; 16. Computer system; 17. Power supply output interface; 21. Internal transmission line; 22. Information receiver; 23. Power input interface; 24. Control and data storage device; 25. Information transmitter; 26. Photoelectric switch transmitter; 31. Photoelectric switch receiver; 32. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] An automatic real-time monitoring system for ore grade suitable for rail transport includes a self-starting system, a volume monitoring system, a weight monitoring system, and a computer system 16; a track 15 is set at the bottom of the roadway 10, an unloading pit 9 is set at the bottom of the track 5 at the unloading station, vertically arranged side walls 6 are set on both sides of the track 15 at the unloading station, and the mine car 13 is located on the track 15 between the two side walls.

[0029] The self-starting system includes an integrated control and transmission device 2, a numbering transmitter 12, a photoelectric switch 3, and a photoelectric switch 4. Photoelectric switch 3 is located at the entrance of the mine car 13 in the unloading station. The photoelectric transmitter 31 and receiver 32 of photoelectric switch 3 are respectively located on both sides of the roadway 10. The vertical height of photoelectric switch 3 is flush with the upper edge of the mine car 13 and on the same vertical line as the edge of the side wall 6. Photoelectric switch 3 is triggered when the first mine car enters the unloading station. Photoelectric switch 4 is located at the exit of the mine car 13 in the unloading station. Photoelectric switch 4 has the same structure and arrangement as photoelectric switch 3. Photoelectric switch 4 is triggered when the front of the last mine car leaves the unloading station. Photoelectric switches 3 and 4 are respectively connected to the integrated control and transmission device 2. The numbering transmitter 12 is installed on the traction locomotive 14 of the mine car 13 and is matched with the integrated control and transmission device 2.

[0030] The volume monitoring system includes an integrated control and transmission device 2, a laser three-dimensional scanning device 11, and a computer system 16. The laser three-dimensional scanning device 11 has the function of emitting a laser beam to obtain a three-dimensional image. It is connected to the integrated control and transmission device via wireless transmission. The integrated control and transmission device 2 is connected to the computer system 16 on the ground. The laser three-dimensional scanning device 11 is arranged on the top plate above the middle position of the unloading station track 15. After receiving the signal from the photoelectric switch 3, the integrated control and transmission device 2 controls the laser three-dimensional scanning device 11 to emit a laser beam 1 to obtain a three-dimensional image of the ore in the mine car 13. The three-dimensional image is transmitted to the ground computer system 16, and the volume of ore in each mine car is analyzed to obtain the volume of ore in each mine car.

[0031] The weight monitoring system includes an integrated control and transmission device 2, a first weighing sensor 7, a second weighing sensor 8, and a computer system 16. The first weighing sensor 7 and the second weighing sensor 8 are vibration-type weighing sensors, which are wirelessly connected to the integrated control and transmission device 2. Multiple idlers 5 are arranged on the side wall 6. The first weighing sensor 7 is installed on the idler of the side wall 6 at the unloading station's entry end. It weighs the mine car by contacting the idler, and the monitoring data is transmitted wirelessly to the integrated control and transmission device 2, and then to the ground computer system 16 for analysis to obtain the total weight of each mine car and the ore. The second weighing sensor 8 is installed on the idler of the side wall 6 at the unloading station's exit end. It weighs the mine car by contacting the idler, and obtains the weight of each mine car after unloading, and thus the weight of the ore in each mine car.

[0032] The integrated control and transmission device 2 is an integrated enclosure with functions such as wireless data transmission, wireless signal transmission and identification, and power supply. It consists of a power output interface 21, an internal transmission line 22, an information receiver 23, a power input interface 24, a control and data storage unit 25, and an information transmitter 26. The information receiver 23 and the information transmitter 26 enable remote control and data monitoring. The control and data storage unit 25 integrates the transmitted data and issues commands to control the operation of the entire system. The internal transmission line 22 provides power and data transmission for the integrated control and transmission device. The power output interface 21 and the power input interface 24 ensure stable power supply for the entire system. The integrated control and transmission device 2 is fixed to the side wall of the roadway.

[0033] The laser three-dimensional scanning device 11 and the weighing sensor 7 are located in the same tunnel cross section.

[0034] The computer system 16 is located indoors on the ground floor.

[0035] An automatic real-time monitoring method for ore grade applicable to rail transport is disclosed. This method employs the aforementioned automatic real-time ore grade monitoring system. A self-starting system enables the system to automatically start when a mine car enters the unloading station. A laser three-dimensional scanning device accurately measures the ore height inside the mine car to obtain its volume data. A weight monitoring system accurately measures the weight of the ore inside the mine car. An integrated control and transmission device and computer system enable remote data transmission and automatic processing. The system automatically acquires the volume V and weight m of the ore in a single mine car in real time, obtaining the specific gravity D, where D = m / V. When the obtained value is below the linear regression line, it indicates a lower grade; conversely, when it is above the linear regression line, it indicates a higher grade.

[0036] It includes the following steps:

[0037] ① When the mine car enters the unloading station, the photoelectric switch 3 is triggered to send a signal to the integrated control and transmission device 2. The integrated control and transmission device 2 identifies the wireless signal sent by the numbering transmitter 12, sends the numbering information to the computer system 16, and sends instructions to the laser three-dimensional scanning device 11, the weighing sensor 7 and the weighing sensor 8 respectively, and supplies power through the power line 17.

[0038] ② The wireless information transmitted by the numbering transmitter is a fixed number that has been set. When the traction locomotive 14 runs into the range where the integrated control and transmission device 2 can identify the number information, the integrated control and transmission device 2 identifies and records the corresponding number; the laser three-dimensional scanning device 11 operates, and obtains a three-dimensional image of the ore in the mine car by emitting a laser beam 1, and transmits the obtained three-dimensional image to the ground computer system 16 to analyze and obtain the volume of ore in each mine car;

[0039] ③ When weighing sensor 7 and weighing sensor 8 are in operation, the front of the mine car comes into contact with the idler roller to which the corresponding weighing sensor 7 is attached. The vibration frequency of the idler roller is monitored to obtain weight data. The monitoring data is then transmitted wirelessly to the integrated control and transmission device 2, and then to the ground computer system 16 to analyze and obtain the total weight of each mine car and the ore. Weighing sensor 8 obtains the weight of each mine car after unloading, and then obtains the weight of the ore in each mine car.

[0040] ④ The computer system can automatically delete the data obtained by monitoring the traction locomotive when each mine car is unloading ore, namely the first three-dimensional image of each group of data, the first data of weighing sensor one, and the first data of weighing sensor two, and re-combine and analyze the ore volume and weight data of each group of mine cars to obtain the ore grade in each mine car.

[0041] In an embodiment,

[0042] Photoelectric switch one is located at the entrance of the mine car, with the transmitting and receiving ends located on both sides of the roadway. The vertical height is flush with the upper edge of the mine car and on the same vertical line as the side wall edge, ensuring that the through-beam photoelectric switch can be triggered when the mine car enters the unloading station, transmitting a signal to the integrated control and transmission device, which in turn transmits a signal to the laser three-dimensional scanning device and the first weighing sensor, thus starting operation. Photoelectric switch two is located at the other end of the side wall, corresponding to photoelectric switch one, with the same vertical height as the previous set. This ensures that when the front of the next mine car triggers photoelectric switch two, it sends a signal to the integrated control and transmission device, causing the second weighing sensor to operate. At this time, the front of the previous mine car is exactly at the roller where the second weighing sensor is installed.

[0043] When the laser 3D scanning device 11 is in operation, it acquires a 3D image of the ore inside the mine car by emitting a laser beam. When the wireless signal of the photoelectric switch 1 is interrupted, it sends a signal to the laser 3D scanning device 11 to stop its operation and transmits the obtained 3D image to the ground computer system.

[0044] When the first weighing sensor is running, the front of the mine car comes into contact with the roller to which the first weighing sensor is attached. The vibration frequency of the roller is monitored to obtain weight data. When the wireless signal of the corresponding photoelectric switch is interrupted, a signal is sent to the first weighing sensor to stop its operation, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the integrated control and transmission device via wireless signal. The second weighing sensor works in the same way as the first weighing sensor.

[0045] The specific steps in this embodiment are as follows:

[0046] ① Automatic recording of single-car mine car numbers: When a mine car is driven by a locomotive, the numbering transmitter continuously emits wireless signals. When it approaches the unloading station, the integrated control and transmission device receives the wireless signals emitted by the numbering transmitter and sends the corresponding mine car number to the computer system.

[0047] ② Monitor the weight and three-dimensional image of each mine car under traction and loaded conditions: When the photoelectric switch 1 is triggered at the front of the traction locomotive and each mine car, a signal is sent to the integrated control and transmission device. The integrated control and transmission device sends an instruction and runs the weighing sensor 1 and the laser three-dimensional scanning device to measure the weight and three-dimensional image of each mine car when it passes under traction and loaded conditions, and sends the corresponding data to the computer system through the integrated control and transmission device.

[0048] ③ Monitor the weight of the traction locomotive and each mine car in the empty state: When the photoelectric switch two is triggered at the front of the traction locomotive and each mine car, the weighing sensor two will run and measure the weight of the traction locomotive and each mine car in the empty state, and send the corresponding data to the computer system through the integrated control transmission device.

[0049] ④ Data processing to obtain the weight and volume of ore in each mine car: After all the mine cars in the train have passed, the weight and volume of the traction locomotive and each mine car in loaded and empty states are obtained. After all data is transmitted to the computer system, the first three-dimensional image of each set of data, the first data of weighing sensor one and weighing sensor two are automatically deleted, and the ore volume and weight data of each set of data are combined in sequence to obtain the weight and volume of ore in each mine car.

[0050] ⑤ Data processing yields a mathematical model: Taking the first car of a single-car train as an example, the volume V1 and weight m1 are obtained when the car is loaded, and the volume V2 and weight m2 are obtained when the car is empty. The volume V and weight m of the ore in the single car can be obtained, where V = V1 - V2 and m = m1 - m2. The specific gravity D is obtained, where D = m / V and C = a × D + b, where C is the grade, a is a coefficient, and b is a constant. Multiple sets of specific gravity and grade data are measured in the laboratory, and the corresponding linear regression line and its equation are obtained by fitting. The values ​​of a and b can be obtained, and a specific gravity-grade mathematical model is established.

[0051] ⑥ Automatic monitoring of ore grade: Each time a ore car passes through the unloading station, if the numerical point obtained by the automatic monitoring system is below the linear regression line, it indicates that the grade is decreasing. The greater the distance, the lower the grade. Conversely, if it is above the linear regression line, it indicates that the grade is increasing. The greater the distance, the higher the grade.

[0052] ⑦ Adjust and guide mining production activities: Adjust production activities in a timely manner based on the real-time ore grade information obtained.

[0053] This embodiment was implemented in an iron ore mine, using rail transport. After comparing multiple sets of monitoring results, the regression equation for the mine was obtained as: C = 15.32D - 14.65. Based on this, the ore grade was determined. The ore grade monitoring data is shown in Table 1 below.

[0054] Table 1 Ore Grade Monitoring Data

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] In the table: the unit of specific gravity D is: (t / m³) 3 The unit for grade C is: (t / m³) 3 ).

Claims

1. An automatic real-time monitoring system for ore grade suitable for rail transport, characterized in that: It includes a self-starting system, a volume monitoring system, a weight monitoring system and a computer system (16); a track (15) is set at the bottom of the roadway (10), an unloading pit (9) is set at the bottom of the track (15) at the unloading station, vertically arranged side walls (6) are set on both sides of the track (15) at the unloading station, and the mine car (13) is located on the track (15) between the two side walls; The self-starting system includes an integrated control transmission device (2), a numbering transmitter (12), a photoelectric switch one (3), and a photoelectric switch two (4). The photoelectric switch one is arranged at the mine car entry end of the unloading station. The photoelectric switch transmitter (31) and the photoelectric switch receiver (32) of the photoelectric switch one are respectively arranged on both sides of the roadway. The vertical height of the photoelectric switch one is flush with the upper edge of the mine car and is on the same vertical line as the side wall edge. The photoelectric switch one is triggered when the first mine car enters the unloading station. The photoelectric switch two is arranged at the mine car exit end of the unloading station. The photoelectric switch two has the same structure and arrangement as the photoelectric switch one. The photoelectric switch two is triggered when the front of the last mine car leaves the unloading station. The photoelectric switch one and the photoelectric switch two (4) are respectively connected to the integrated control transmission device. The numbering transmitter is set on the traction locomotive of the mine car and is matched with the integrated control transmission device. The volume monitoring system includes an integrated control and transmission device (2), a laser three-dimensional scanning device (11), and a computer system (16). The laser three-dimensional scanning device has the function of emitting a laser beam to obtain a three-dimensional image. It is connected to the integrated control and transmission device through wireless transmission. The integrated control and transmission device is connected to the computer system on the ground. The laser three-dimensional scanning device is arranged on the top plate above the middle position of the unloading station track. After receiving a signal from the photoelectric switch, the integrated control and transmission device controls the laser three-dimensional scanning device to emit a laser beam to obtain a three-dimensional image of the ore in the mine car. The three-dimensional image is transmitted to the ground computer system and analyzed to obtain the volume of ore in each mine car. The weight monitoring system includes an integrated control and transmission device (2), a weighing sensor 1 (7), a weighing sensor 2 (8), and a computer system (16). The weighing sensor 1 and the weighing sensor 2 are vibration-type weighing sensors, which are wirelessly connected to the integrated control and transmission device. Multiple idlers (5) are arranged on the side wall (6). The weighing sensor 1 is set on the idler on the side wall at the unloading station's entry end. It weighs the mine car by contacting the idler and transmits the monitoring data wirelessly to the integrated control and transmission device, and then to the ground computer system to analyze and obtain the total weight of each mine car and the ore. The weighing sensor 2 is set on the idler on the side wall at the unloading station's exit end. It weighs the mine car by contacting the idler and the ore car to obtain the weight of each mine car after unloading, and then obtains the weight of the ore in each mine car.

2. The automatic real-time monitoring system for ore grade suitable for rail transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated control and transmission device (2) is an integrated box with wireless data transmission, wireless signal transmission and identification, and power supply functions. It consists of a power output interface (21), an internal transmission line (22), an information receiver (23), a power input interface (24), a control and data storage unit (25), and an information transmitter (26). The information receiver and information transmitter enable remote control and data monitoring. The control and data storage unit integrates the transmitted data and issues commands to control the operation of the entire system. The internal transmission line is for power supply and data transmission within the integrated control and transmission device. The power output interface and power input interface enable stable power supply to the entire system. The integrated control and transmission device is fixed to the side wall of the roadway.

3. The automatic real-time monitoring system for ore grade suitable for rail transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser three-dimensional scanning device (11) and the weighing sensor (7) are located in the same roadway cross section.

4. The automatic real-time monitoring system for ore grade suitable for rail transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The computer system (16) is located indoors on the ground floor.

5. A method for automatic real-time monitoring of ore grade suitable for rail transport, employing an automatic real-time monitoring system for ore grade suitable for rail transport according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The system automatically starts when the mine car enters the unloading station; a laser 3D scanning device accurately measures the ore height inside the mine car to obtain the ore volume data; a weight monitoring system accurately measures the ore weight inside the mine car; and an integrated control and transmission device and computer system enable remote data transmission and automatic processing. The system automatically acquires the volume V and weight m of the ore in a single mine car in real time to obtain the specific gravity D, where D = m / V. When the obtained value is below the linear regression line, it indicates a low grade; conversely, when it is above the linear regression line, it indicates a high grade.

6. The automatic real-time monitoring method for ore grade applicable to rail transportation according to claim 5, characterized in that... It includes the following steps: ① When the mine car enters the unloading station, it triggers photoelectric switch one to send a signal to the integrated control and transmission device. The integrated control and transmission device identifies the wireless signal sent by the numbering transmitter, sends the numbering information to the computer system, and sends instructions to the laser three-dimensional scanning device, weighing sensor one and weighing sensor two respectively, and supplies power through the power line. ② The wireless information transmitted by the numbering transmitter is a fixed number that has been set. When the traction locomotive runs into the range where the integrated control and transmission device can identify the number information, the integrated control and transmission device identifies and records the corresponding number; the laser three-dimensional scanning device operates, and obtains a three-dimensional image of the ore in the mine car by emitting a laser beam, and transmits the obtained three-dimensional image to the ground computer system to analyze and obtain the volume of ore in each mine car; ③ When weighing sensor 1 and weighing sensor 2 are in operation, the front of the mine car just comes into contact with the idler roller to which weighing sensor 1 is attached. The vibration frequency of the idler roller is monitored to obtain weight data. The monitoring data is then transmitted wirelessly to the integrated control and transmission device, and then to the ground computer system for analysis to obtain the total weight of each mine car and the ore. Weighing sensor 2 obtains the weight of each mine car after unloading, and then obtains the weight of the ore in each mine car. ④ The computer system can automatically delete the data obtained by monitoring the traction locomotive when each mine car is unloading ore, namely the first three-dimensional image of each group of data, the first data of weighing sensor one, and the first data of weighing sensor two, and re-combine and analyze the ore volume and weight data of each group of mine cars to obtain the ore grade in each mine car.

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