Metamaterial structure and radome

Abstract

The application discloses a metamaterial structure and a radome, and relates to the technical field of electromagnetic waves.The metamaterial structure comprises: a functional composite layer, wherein the functional composite layer comprises an electromagnetic function modulation layer and a plurality of material layers, the electromagnetic function modulation layer is arranged inside at least one material layer included in the plurality of material layers, the electromagnetic function modulation layer is used for modulating incident electromagnetic waves, and each material layer is used for transmitting electromagnetic waves; and a phase modulation layer, wherein the phase modulation layer is arranged on a material layer included in the plurality of material layers and having a distance from the electromagnetic function modulation layer exceeding a predetermined threshold, and the phase modulation layer is used for modulating the reflection phase of the functional composite layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetics, and more specifically, to a metamaterial structure and radome. Background Technology

[0002] A radome needs to have sufficient mechanical strength to protect the antenna and other components, and the protective material must protect the internal equipment. On the other hand, it needs to ensure high transmittance of electromagnetic waves within the operating frequency band, with minimal impact on the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves. A radome is typically composed of a wave-transparent material and an electromagnetic modulation functional layer.

[0003] Existing technologies typically modulate the reflection coefficient by varying the thickness of the laminates. Alternatively, the laminate thickness or metamaterial topology is optimized based on the required reflection coefficient. However, once the desired reflection coefficient is obtained, it is difficult to further modulate the phase of the reflection coefficient while maintaining acceptable transmission stability. Furthermore, customizing different metamaterial topologies or gradient designs involves a large amount of design work and has a limited adjustable range. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a metamaterial structure and radome to at least solve the problem of the inability to independently modulate the reflection phase of the radome in the prior art.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a metamaterial structure is provided, comprising: a functional composite layer, wherein the functional composite layer includes an electromagnetic functional modulation layer and a plurality of material layers, the electromagnetic functional modulation layer being disposed inside at least one of the plurality of material layers, the electromagnetic functional modulation layer being used to modulate an incident electromagnetic wave, and each of the plurality of material layers being used to transmit the electromagnetic wave; and a phase modulation layer, wherein the phase modulation layer is disposed on a target material layer among the plurality of material layers, the distance between the target material layer and the electromagnetic functional modulation layer exceeding a predetermined threshold, and the phase modulation layer being used to modulate the reflection phase of the functional composite layer.

[0006] In one exemplary embodiment, the electromagnetic function modulation layer includes: a first substrate; and a first conductive geometric structure layer, wherein the first conductive geometric structure layer is disposed on the surface of the first substrate.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, the first conductive geometric structure layer includes: a plurality of first conductive geometric units, which are connected and arranged together, wherein each of the first conductive geometric units includes a connecting loop composed of a plurality of bent structures, and a first conductive patch is disposed within the connecting loop.

[0008] In one exemplary embodiment, the phase modulation layer includes: a second substrate; and a second conductive geometry layer, wherein the second conductive geometry layer is disposed on the surface of the second substrate.

[0009] In one exemplary embodiment, the second conductive geometric structure layer includes a plurality of second conductive geometric units, which are discretely arranged among each other, wherein each of the second conductive geometric units includes a second conductive patch.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the parameters of each of the second conductive geometric units are adjustable parameters, and the reflection phase is modulated by adjusting the parameters of the second conductive geometric units. The parameters of each of the second conductive geometric units include at least one of the following: shape, size, and position.

[0011] In one exemplary embodiment, when the target material layer comprises multiple layers, the phase modulation layer is disposed on the surface or inside of at least one of the multiple target material layers.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the parameters of the phase modulation layer are all adjustable parameters. The reflection phase is modulated by adjusting the parameters of the phase modulation layer. The parameters of the phase modulation layer include at least one of the following: the position and size of the phase modulation layer disposed on the surface or inside the target material layer, and the structural shape and arrangement of the plurality of second conductive geometric units included in the phase modulation layer.

[0013] In one exemplary embodiment, the modulation range of the aforementioned reflection phase is between 0 and 360 degrees.

[0014] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, an antenna radome is also provided, comprising: any of the metamaterial structures described above.

[0015] This invention discloses a metamaterial structure comprising a functional composite layer, which includes an electromagnetic modulation layer and multiple material layers. The electromagnetic modulation layer is disposed within at least one of the multiple material layers and is used to modulate incident electromagnetic waves. Each material layer is used to transmit electromagnetic waves. A phase modulation layer is disposed above a target material layer among the multiple material layers. The distance between the target material layer and the electromagnetic modulation layer exceeds a predetermined threshold. The phase modulation layer is used to modulate the reflection phase of the functional composite layer. By adding a phase modulation layer to the functional composite layer while ensuring the basic function of the radome is achieved, and adjusting the phase modulation layer allows for relatively independent modulation of the reflection phase while maintaining an acceptable transmission effect on the radome. Therefore, this solves the problem of the inability to independently modulate the reflection phase of the radome in existing technologies, achieving flexible modulation of the reflection phase. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram (a) of a metamaterial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram (II) of a metamaterial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first conductive geometric structure layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the periodic structure dimensions of the first conductive geometric unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second conductive geometric structure layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outline dimensions of the second conductive geometric unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a comparative simulation diagram (I) of the phase curves of the S-parameters obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a comparative simulation diagram (II) of the phase curves of the S-parameters obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a comparative simulation diagram (III) of the phase curves of the S-parameters obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a comparative simulation diagram (IV) of the phase curves of the S-parameters obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram (a) comparing the insertion phase shifts of TE and TM polarization S21 obtained by simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram (II) showing the comparison of the insertion phase shift of TE and TM polarization S21 obtained by simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram (a) of the phase comparison of S11 under the longitudinal symmetrical offset of the periodic structure of the reflection phase modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the phase comparison of S11 under the longitudinal symmetrical offset of the periodic structure of the reflection phase modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram (a) comparing the insertion phase shift of S21 and the phase of S11 obtained by simulation under different dx values ​​according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram (II) comparing the insertion phase shift of S21 and the phase of S11 obtained by simulation under different dx values ​​according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram (III) showing the comparison curves of the insertion phase shift of S21 and the phase of S11 obtained by simulation under different dx values ​​according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram (IV) showing the comparison curves of the insertion phase shift of S21 and the phase of S11 obtained by simulation under different dx values ​​according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 1. Functional composite layer; 11. Electromagnetic functional modulation layer; 12. Material layer; 2. Phase modulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0040] This embodiment provides a metamaterial structure. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a metamaterial structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the metamaterial structure includes:

[0041] The functional composite layer 1 includes an electromagnetic functional modulation layer 11 and a plurality of material layers 12. The electromagnetic functional modulation layer 11 is disposed inside at least one of the plurality of material layers 12. The electromagnetic functional modulation layer 11 is used to modulate the incident electromagnetic wave, and each material layer 12 is used to transmit the electromagnetic wave.

[0042] Phase modulation layer 2, wherein the phase modulation layer 2 is disposed on a target material layer among multiple material layers 12, the target material layer being one of the multiple material layers 12, such as an upper layer, lower layer, middle layer or other layers, etc., the distance between the target material layer and the electromagnetic functional modulation layer 11 exceeds a predetermined threshold, and the phase modulation layer 2 is used to modulate the reflection phase of the functional composite layer 1.

[0043] Optionally, the functional composite layer 1 can fulfill the basic functions of the radome, such as the reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves. Multiple material layers 12 all possess transmission capabilities, and the materials of the multiple material layers 12 can be the same or different. For example, they can be quartz fiber epoxy resin-based prepreg, etc. The electromagnetic functional modulation layer 11 possesses the functions of electromagnetic wave transmission and reflection modulation. For example, it can be a "bandpass type," "bandstop type," or "combined type" structure to achieve high in-band transmission, low sidelobes, and strong out-of-band cutoff.

[0044] Optionally, the phase modulation layer 2 may include one layer or multiple layers. For example, a reflection phase modulation layer 2 (one, two, or multiple layers are denoted as P1 layer, P2 layer, and Pi layer, respectively) can be added inside or outside the prepreg of the radome. By designing different periodic structures in the phase modulation layer 2 or placing the phase modulation layer 2 in different positions, the reflection phase of the stack can be changed, thereby achieving adjustable reflection phase.

[0045] Alternatively, the structure of metamaterials can also be as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the phase modulation layer 2 is located away from the functional composite layer 1.

[0046] According to this invention, the metamaterial structure includes a functional composite layer 1, which comprises an electromagnetic modulation layer 11 and multiple material layers 12. The electromagnetic modulation layer 11 is disposed inside at least one of the multiple material layers 12 and is used to modulate incident electromagnetic waves. Each material layer 12 is used to transmit electromagnetic waves. A phase modulation layer 2 is disposed above a target material layer among the multiple material layers 12. The distance between the target material layer and the electromagnetic modulation layer 11 exceeds a predetermined threshold. The phase modulation layer 2 is used to modulate the reflection phase of the functional composite layer 1. By adding a phase modulation layer 2 to the functional composite layer 1 while ensuring the basic function of the radome is achieved, and adjusting the phase modulation layer 2 allows for relatively independent modulation of the reflection phase while maintaining an acceptable transmission effect on the radome. Therefore, the problem of the inability to independently modulate the reflection phase of the radome in the prior art can be solved, achieving the effect of flexible modulation of the reflection phase.

[0047] In one exemplary embodiment, the electromagnetic functional modulation layer 11 includes:

[0048] First substrate;

[0049] A first conductive geometric structure layer is disposed on the surface of a first substrate.

[0050] Optionally, the material of the first conductive geometric structure layer includes, but is not limited to, gold, silver, aluminum, and copper. For example, the first substrate and the conductive geometric structure composite layer use the AsG-TL00060UF2 type of new domestically produced polyimide flexible copper-clad laminate from Zhongshan Xingao Electronic Materials Co., Ltd., whose total thickness of polyimide (MPI) film and copper foil is 61µm. This metamaterial structure and radome produced based on domestically produced polyimide flexible copper-clad laminate obviously greatly improves the security of the supply chain, solves the bottleneck problem, and ensures the normal and safe production of products; the width is 500mm; the dielectric constant of the MPI film is <3.0, and the loss tangent is <0.002. The amplitude and phase difference of TE and TM polarization are smaller.

[0051] Optionally, the electromagnetic parameters of the composite structure layer are shown in Table 1:

[0052] Table 1:

[0053] 1 Material 1 ≤3.2 ≤0.005 2 Material 2 ≤2.8 ≤0.007 3 Material 3 ≤1.1 ≤0.005

[0054] Optionally, the thickness information of the multilayer material layer 12 is shown in Table 2:

[0055] Table 2:

[0056]

[0057] In one exemplary embodiment, the structure of the first conductive geometric structure layer is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the first conductive geometric structure layer includes:

[0058] Multiple first conductive geometric units are connected and arranged together. Each first conductive geometric unit includes a connecting loop composed of multiple bent structures, and a first conductive patch is disposed within the connecting loop.

[0059] Optionally, the number and topology of the first conductive geometric units can be adjusted as needed. For example... Figure 3 The diagram shows a planar view of the first conductive geometric unit in the X and Y coordinate directions, where Q represents the intersection deviation value in the X and Y directions. The first conductive geometric unit consists of a bent regular hexagonal connecting loop and a regular hexagonal patch (with a hole in the middle); the outer connecting loop is used for bandpass frequency selection; the miniaturization of the outer connecting loop is used to reduce the resonant frequency; the bent regular hexagonal connecting loop includes multiple units, each unit including a "convex" and "concave" shaped structure, and adjacent units are connected end to end.

[0060] Optionally, the outer structure of the first conductive geometric unit can be a connected, bent, or wound bandpass selector, or a non-connected, bent, or wound bandstop selector. One or more periodic structures can be added as needed. A regular hexagonal patch (with a hole in the center) within the unit is used for high-frequency bandstop selection.

[0061] Optionally, the internal structure of the unit can be a ring-shaped (i.e., hollowed-out patch) whole, a single patch, or an arbitrary combination of multiple patches, multiple rings, multiple patches + rings, or multiple nested combinations of ring structures and patches. The internal structure can be reduced or reduced as needed. In this embodiment, through the combination design of connected or disconnected bending or winding or customized design structures in specific directions, plus patches or rings or nested ring patches within the unit, various independent / joint modulation requirements can be achieved.

[0062] Optionally, the periodic structural dimensions of the first conductive geometric unit are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, L represents the side length of the regular hexagonal patch, d represents the diameter of the hollow ring in the regular hexagonal patch, w represents the length of the protruding part in the bent regular hexagonal connected loop, Gap represents the length of the concave part in the bent regular hexagonal connected loop, and l represents the length of a part of the connecting structure of the regular hexagonal connected loop.

[0063] In one exemplary embodiment, the phase modulation layer 2 includes:

[0064] Second substrate;

[0065] The second conductive geometric structure layer is disposed on the surface of the second substrate.

[0066] Optionally, the material of the second conductive geometric structure layer includes, but is not limited to, gold, silver, copper, etc. For example, the composite layer of the second substrate and the second conductive geometric structure is selected from the AsG-TL00060UF2 type of new domestically produced polyimide flexible copper-clad laminate from Zhongshan Xingao Electronic Materials Co., Ltd., whose total thickness of polyimide (MPI) film and copper foil is 61um; the width is 500mm; the dielectric constant of the MPI film is <3.0, and the loss tangent is <0.002. The amplitude and phase difference of TE and TM polarization are smaller.

[0067] Optionally, such as Figure 5 The image shown is a planar view of the second conductive geometric structure layer in the X and Y coordinate directions. Figure 5 As shown, Q represents the intersection deviation value in the X and Y directions.

[0068] The second conductive geometric structure layer includes:

[0069] Multiple second conductive geometric units are discretely arranged among each other, wherein each second conductive geometric unit includes a second conductive patch.

[0070] Optionally, the periodic ring structure of the second conductive geometric unit is used to adjust the reflection coefficient.

[0071] Optionally, the contour dimensions of the second conductive geometric unit are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, it is a hollow ring structure, where Rout represents the diameter of the outer ring and Ri n represents the diameter of the inner ring.

[0072] Optionally, the parameters of each second conductive geometric unit are adjustable parameters. The reflection phase is modulated by adjusting the parameters of the second conductive geometric unit. The parameters of each second conductive geometric unit include at least one of the following: shape, size, and position. For example, this can be achieved by longitudinally deviating from the original functional layer periodic structure, structural form and size, longitudinal symmetrical translation, layer-by-layer staggered or gradual arrangement, etc.

[0073] In one exemplary embodiment, when there are multiple target material layers, the phase modulation layer 2 is disposed on the surface or inside of at least one of the multiple target material layers.

[0074] Optionally, the parameters of the phase modulation layer 2 are all adjustable parameters. The reflected phase is modulated by adjusting the parameters of the phase modulation layer 2. The parameters of the phase modulation layer 2 include at least one of the following: the position and size of the phase modulation layer 2 on the surface or inside the target material layer; and the structural shape and arrangement of the plurality of second conductive geometric units included in the phase modulation layer 2. For example, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the phase modulation layer 2 is disposed within material 1 and can move within the spatial range of material 1. Figure 5 As shown, the structural shape and arrangement of the multiple second conductive geometric units can also be adjusted. The shapes of the multiple second conductive geometric units can also be other shapes, such as squares, ellipses, etc.

[0075] Optionally, the modulation range of the reflected phase is between 0 and 360 degrees. For example, by placing the phase modulation layer 2 in the immersion material on the inner and outer sides of the functional composite layer 1, the maximum phase difference of the reflected phase can be achieved.

[0076] The functions and characteristics of phase modulation layer 2 are explained below, mainly including:

[0077] 1) Increase the influence of phase modulation layer 2;

[0078] 2) Independent modulation method for reflection phase;

[0079] 3) Alignment tolerance of the reflection phase modulation layer 2 (corresponding to the phase modulation layer 2 mentioned above).

[0080] In this embodiment, the effect of adding the reflection phase modulation layer 2 is investigated by comparing the S-parameters of the original functional layer sandwich structure and the sandwich structure after adding the reflection phase modulation layer 2. The dimensions of the periodic structure used in the simulation are shown in Table 3.

[0081] Table 3:

[0082]

[0083] In this embodiment, the parameters of the stacked structure are shown in Table 2.

[0084] Comparing the phase curves of the S-parameters obtained from simulation, for example... Figure 7 (a S21-TE insertion phase shift) Figure 8 (insertion phase shift of bS21-TM) Figure 9 (c S11-TE phase) Figure 10 As shown in the figure (d S11-TM phase), the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents phase in °. Curves of different line shapes represent simulation results of the original functional layer and the layer with added reflection phase modulation layer 2, as detailed in the figure. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, after adding a reflection phase modulation layer 2 to the original functional layer, the change in S21 of the stacked structure is small. However, as... Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown. S11 can play a certain modulation role, that is, the reflection coefficient can be adjusted.

[0085] For reflection phase modulation methods, the most intuitive approach is to change the structural form or size of the two-period structure of the reflection phase modulation layer. However, to ensure relatively independent modulation and expand the modulation range, a longitudinal translation technique can be used to achieve a wide range of changes in the reflection phase, in addition to changing the structural form or size.

[0086] The S-parameters of the original functional layer sandwich structure and the sandwich structure with added reflection phase modulation layer 2 were compared by simulation. The dimensions of the periodic structure used in the simulation are shown in Table 3, and the parameters of the stacked structure are shown in Table 2.

[0087] According to the parameters listed in Table 4, the longitudinal position dz of the reflection phase modulation layer 2 is scanned. The stacked structure parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0088] Table 4 Periodic structural dimensions (longitudinal offset):

[0089]

[0090] In this embodiment, the simulation results for the insertion phase shift of TE and TM polarization S21 under different dz values ​​are as follows: Figure 11 (S21-TE phase) Figure 12(The phase of S21-TM) is shown.

[0091] exist Figure 11 and Figure 12 In the figure, the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents phase in °. The four curves with different line types represent the simulation results under different offsets.

[0092] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the greater the longitudinal offset of the periodic structure of the reflection phase modulation, the smaller its impact on the insertion phase shift of S21-TM. Furthermore, under symmetrical offsets in the upper and lower directions, the change in the insertion phase shift of S21 is minimal. For example, under dz = ±3.318 mm and ±6.618 mm, the phase change is within 1°.

[0093] With the periodic structure of the reflected phase modulation shifted symmetrically along the longitudinal direction, the S11 phase pair is as follows: Figure 13 (S11-TE phase) Figure 14 (The phase of S11-TM) is shown.

[0094] from Figure 13 , Figure 14 It can be seen that under longitudinal symmetric offset (dz=±6.618), the phase difference of S11-TE can be varied from about 25° to 220°, while the phase difference of S11-TM can be varied from about 0° to 200°.

[0095] comprehensive Figures 7-14 It can be seen that the periodic structure of the reflection phase modulation is symmetrically shifted along the longitudinal direction. The change in S21 is negligible, but the phase change of S11 is large. The amount of change is related to the translation amount dz and the size (frequency) of the periodic structure. Obviously, the reflection phase can be relatively independently controlled by longitudinal translation.

[0096] For the alignment tolerance of the double-layer periodic structure, simulation analysis is performed by shifting the periodic structure of the reflection phase modulation along the lateral direction.

[0097] According to the parameters listed in Table 5, the translation amount dx (dy = dx) of the reflection phase modulation layer 2 along the lateral direction is scanned.

[0098] Table 5:

[0099]

[0100] The simulation curves showing the comparison between the insertion phase shift of S21 and the phase of S11 under different dx values ​​are as follows: Figure 15 (Amplitude of S21-TE) Figure 16 (Amplitude of S21-TM) Figure 17 (S11-TE phase) Figure 18As shown in (the phase of S11-TM), dx changes from 0 to 3.2, and the changes of S21 and S11 are extremely small and almost negligible, so it is easy to implement in engineering.

[0101] This embodiment provides an antenna radome, including the metamaterial structure described in the above embodiments.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metamaterial structure, characterized in that, include: A functional composite layer, wherein the functional composite layer includes an electromagnetic functional modulation layer and a plurality of material layers, the electromagnetic functional modulation layer is disposed inside at least one of the plurality of material layers, the electromagnetic functional modulation layer is used to modulate incident electromagnetic waves, and each of the material layers is used to transmit the electromagnetic waves. A phase modulation layer, wherein the phase modulation layer is disposed on a target material layer among a plurality of material layers, the distance between the target material layer and the electromagnetic functional modulation layer exceeds a predetermined threshold, and the phase modulation layer is used to modulate the reflection phase of the functional composite layer; The electromagnetic function modulation layer includes a first conductive geometric structure layer, which includes multiple first conductive geometric units. Each first conductive geometric unit is composed of a bent regular hexagonal connecting loop with a regular hexagonal patch with a hole in the middle. The regular hexagonal patch is used for bandpass frequency selection. The bent regular hexagonal connecting loop includes multiple units, and adjacent units in the multiple units are connected end to end.

2. The metamaterial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic functional modulation layer also includes: A first substrate; the first conductive geometric structure layer is disposed on the surface of the first substrate.

3. The metamaterial structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple first conductive geometric units are connected and arranged together, wherein each first conductive geometric unit includes a connecting loop composed of multiple bent structures, and a first conductive patch is disposed within the connecting loop.

4. The metamaterial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase modulation layer includes: Second substrate; The second conductive geometric structure layer is disposed on the surface of the second substrate.

5. The metamaterial structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second conductive geometry layer includes: Multiple second conductive geometric units are discretely arranged among each other, wherein each second conductive geometric unit includes a second conductive patch.

6. The metamaterial structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The parameters of each of the second conductive geometric units are adjustable parameters, and the reflection phase is modulated by adjusting the parameters of the second conductive geometric units. The parameters of each of the second conductive geometric units include at least one of the following: shape, size, and position.

7. The metamaterial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When there are multiple target material layers, the phase modulation layer is disposed on the surface or inside of at least one of the multiple target material layers.

8. The metamaterial structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The parameters of the phase modulation layer are all adjustable parameters. The reflection phase is modulated by adjusting the parameters of the phase modulation layer. The parameters of the phase modulation layer include at least one of the following: the position and size of the phase modulation layer disposed on the surface or inside the target material layer, and the structural shape and arrangement of the multiple second conductive geometric units included in the phase modulation layer.

9. The metamaterial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modulation range of the reflected phase is between 0 and 360 degrees.

10. A radome, characterized in that, include: The metamaterial structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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