Electrical connector

Abstract

The application discloses an electric connector, which comprises an insulating body, signal terminals, ground terminals and lossy pieces contained in the insulating body, and a plurality of signal terminals and a plurality of ground terminals arranged along the left-right direction. The projections of the ground terminals and the lossy pieces overlap along the up-down direction, and the side plates are integrally extended from the ground terminals towards the lossy pieces, the projections of the side plates and the lossy pieces overlap along the left-right direction, so that a part of the noise is transmitted into the lossy pieces and is lost, and another part of the noise is still scattered outward, the ground terminals and the side plates shield on any one side of the lossy pieces in the up-down direction and any one side of the lossy pieces in the left-right direction respectively, and the part of the noise scattered outward can be shielded by the side plates, so that the influence range of the noise is reduced and far-end crosstalk is reduced.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to an electrical connector, and more particularly to an electrical connector capable of reducing remote crosstalk. [Background Technology]

[0002] A conventional electrical connector includes an insulating body, a terminal assembly, and a conductive shield. The insulating body houses the terminal assembly and the conductive shield. The terminal assembly includes upper and lower rows of terminals. The conductive shield is located between the upper and lower rows of terminals and is composed of multiple conductive plastic strips embedded in a metal sheet. The conductive plastic strips contact the grounding terminal in the terminal assembly to reduce crosstalk. The inventors of this application have discovered that contact between the conductive plastic strips and the grounding terminal alone can reduce far-end crosstalk in the high-frequency band, but it cannot reduce far-end crosstalk in the mid- and low-frequency bands and may even increase it. Therefore, simply using conductive plastic strips is far from sufficient to reduce far-end crosstalk overall.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new electrical connector to solve the above problems. [Summary of the Invention]

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electrical connector in which the side plate shields the interference signals scattered outward from adjacent signal terminals, the projection of the ground terminal in the vertical direction overlaps with the projection of the loss component, and the projection of the side plate in the horizontal direction overlaps with the projection of the loss component. This allows a portion of the interference signal transmitted to the loss component to be lost and a portion to be scattered outward. The outwardly scattered interference signal is shielded by the side plate, thereby reducing both the influence range of the interference signal and the far-end crosstalk.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An electrical connector, characterized in that it comprises: an insulating body; a plurality of signal terminals and a plurality of ground terminals arranged in a left-right direction and housed within the insulating body; a lossy element, wherein the projection of the ground terminals overlaps with the projection of the lossy element in a vertical direction; and at least one side plate integrally extending from the ground terminals toward the lossy element, wherein the side plate overlaps with the projection of the lossy element in a left-right direction. Further, the ground terminals extend downward in a left-right direction to form two side plates, the two side plates being located on the left and right sides of the lossy element respectively and contacting the lossy element.

[0007] Furthermore, the grounding terminal extends integrally toward the loss component to form two side plates, which are located on the left and right sides of the loss component and respectively contact the loss component.

[0008] Furthermore, the electrical connector includes a shield housed within an insulating body, with a loss element located between a grounding terminal and the shield in the vertical direction; two side plates are integrally extended from the grounding terminal toward the loss element, the two side plates being located on the left and right sides of the loss element and respectively contacting the loss element, and the two side plates respectively contacting the shield.

[0009] Furthermore, along the front-back direction, an insulating element is provided in front of the loss component; along the up-down direction, the insulating element is located between the shield and the grounding terminal and abuts against the grounding terminal; along the left-right direction, the projection of the insulating element at least partially overlaps with the projection of the side plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the electrical connector includes a shield housed within an insulating body, wherein in the vertical direction, a loss element is located between and in contact with the grounding terminal and the shield, and in the horizontal direction, a side plate is in contact with the loss element.

[0011] Furthermore, in the front-rear direction, the front end of the side plate extends forward beyond the front end of the consumable component, the front end of the consumable component extends forward beyond the front end of the signal terminal or is flush with the front end of the signal terminal, and the rear end of the side plate extends backward beyond the rear end of the consumable component.

[0012] Furthermore, in the front-rear direction, the front end face of the consumable component is located between the front end face of the signal terminal and the front end face of the side plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the electrical connector includes a shield housed within an insulating body. In the vertical direction, a lossy component is located between the grounding terminal and the shield, and the lossy component includes a first part that contacts the shield and a second part that connects to the first part, with the first part located between the second part and the shield. In the horizontal direction, the first part contacts a side plate, and the second part does not contact the side plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the second part includes a first surface and at least one second surface connected to the first surface; in the vertical direction, there is a first gap between the first surface and the grounding terminal, and in the horizontal direction, there is a second gap between the second surface and the side plate; the first gap and the second gap are connected, and air is contained in the first gap and the second gap respectively; in the vertical direction, the width of the second gap narrows in the direction from the second part to the first part.

[0015] Furthermore, the electrical connector includes a shield housed within an insulating body and at least two insulating blocks, each insulating block having at least one signal terminal; two side plates extending from a grounding terminal toward a lossy component are formed, the two side plates being located on the left and right sides of the lossy component and respectively contacting the lossy component; viewed in the front-back direction, the lossy component is located between the two insulating blocks; in the vertical direction, the lossy component is located between the grounding terminal and the shielding component and has a gap with the grounding terminal, the insulating block including a first end contacting the signal terminal and a second end contacting the shielding component, in the left-right direction, two adjacent first ends are separated by a first distance, two adjacent second ends are separated by a second distance, the first distance being greater than the second distance.

[0016] Furthermore, the electrical connector includes a shield housed within an insulating body. In the vertical direction, a lossy element is located between a grounding terminal and the shield. The lossy element includes a first part that contacts the shield and a second part that connects to the first part. The first part is located between the second part and the shield. In the horizontal direction, the first part contacts a side plate. In the vertical direction, the second part contacts a grounding terminal, and a groove is provided between the second part and the grounding terminal.

[0017] Furthermore, the insulating body is provided with a plug plate, and the side plate is at least partially located on the plug plate; each signal terminal includes a signal contact section, and each ground terminal includes a ground contact section. In the vertical direction, the ground contact section and the signal contact section are exposed on the same surface of the plug plate, and the free end of the side plate protrudes toward the plug plate relative to the ground terminal.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] To reduce far-end crosstalk, the side plate shields the interference signals scattered outward from adjacent signal terminals. The projection of the grounding terminal in the vertical direction overlaps with the projection of the lossy component, and the projection of the side plate in the horizontal direction overlaps with the projection of the lossy component. This causes some noise to be attenuated in the lossy component, while some noise is still scattered outward. The grounding terminal and the side plate act as shields on either the vertical or horizontal side of the lossy component, respectively. The part of the noise that is scattered outward can be shielded by the side plate, thereby reducing both the range of interference signals and far-end crosstalk. [Attached Image Description]

[0020] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the electrical connector according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the modules in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is an overall view of the module with the plastic body removed according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial view of the module with the plastic body removed according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along line AA in the image;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial view of the modules in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the grounding component according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is an overall view of the module with the plastic body removed according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 The module with the plastic body removed in the second embodiment of the present invention is related to... Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at the same location;

[0029] Figure 10 The simulation results show the impact of the first electrical connector model on far-extended serial (FEXT).

[0030] Figure 11 The simulation results show the impact of the second type of electrical connector model on far-extended serial (FEXT).

[0031] Figure 12 The simulation results show the impact of the third type of electrical connector model on far-extended serial (FEXT).

[0032] Figure 13 This is a comparison chart showing the impact of three different electrical connector models on far-extended serial (FEXT) connections.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings for the specific implementation methods:

[0034]

[0035]

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0036] To facilitate a better understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and effects of this invention, the invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] To facilitate a better understanding of the technical solution of this invention, the X-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate axes of the accompanying drawings is defined as the left-right direction, the Y-axis as the front-back direction, and the Z-axis as the up-down direction, wherein the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are mutually perpendicular to each other.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 7The diagram illustrates the first embodiment of the present invention. The electrical connector 100 includes a module 10, which comprises an insulating body 30, multiple signal terminals 50, multiple ground terminals 71, a loss element 90, and a shielding element 80. The insulating body 30 has a plug-in plate 31 for insertion into a slot of a mating connector (not shown). A side plate 74 extends integrally from the ground terminal 71 toward the loss element 90, with the projection of the ground terminal 71 overlapping the projection of the loss element 90 in the vertical direction Z. The grounding assembly 70 includes the ground terminal 71 and the side plate 74. In this embodiment, a portion of the side plate 74 is located on the plug-in plate 31; however, in other embodiments, the entire side plate 74 may be located on the plug-in plate 31. In this embodiment, two adjacent signal terminals 50 arranged side-by-side form a differential signal pair 60; however, in other embodiments, only single-ended signals may be transmitted, thus eliminating the need for a differential signal pair 60. The signal terminals 50 and ground terminals 71 are arranged in the horizontal direction X and housed within the insulating body 30. Viewed from the vertical direction Z, the loss element 90 is located between two signal terminals 50. The loss component 90 is located between the grounding terminal 71 and the shield 80. The grounding assembly 70, the loss component 90 and the shield 80 are assembled together in the vertical direction Z and housed in the insulating body 30.

[0039] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the lossy component 90 is formed of conductive plastic. In other embodiments, the lossy component 90 may be formed of other lossy dielectric materials, which will cause signal (energy) loss. In this embodiment, the electrical connector 100 includes two rows of terminals symmetrically arranged vertically. Each row of terminals includes multiple ground terminals 71 and multiple signal terminals 50. In other embodiments, the electrical connector 100 may have only one row of terminals.

[0040] like Figures 2 to 5The module 10 also includes a plastic body 40, which includes multiple insulating components 41 and multiple insulating blocks 42, which are injection molded together. Each insulating block 42 includes a first end 421 that contacts the signal terminal 50 and a second end 422 that contacts the shield 80. Viewed from the front-rear direction Y, the loss component 90 is located between two insulating blocks 42. The distance between two adjacent first ends 421 is a first distance L1, and the distance between two adjacent second ends 422 is a second distance L2. The first distance L1 is greater than the second distance L2. In this embodiment, the grounding component 70 is installed in the vertical direction Z after the shield 80, the loss component 90, and the insulating blocks 42 are installed. Furthermore, only the space for the receiving side plate 74 needs to be left between two adjacent second ends 422, so the second distance L2 between two adjacent second ends 422 is small. At the same time, the small second distance L2 can also limit the left and right movement of the two side plates 74 on the same grounding terminal 71. However, between two adjacent first ends 421, it is necessary to ensure that the side plate 74 has enough room to move in the left and right direction X to adjust its position and align with the consumable part 90. Therefore, the first distance L1 is greater than the second distance L2.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 Multiple signal terminals 50 are arranged along the left-right direction X. Each signal terminal 50 includes a signal contact section 51, a signal transition section 52, and a signal soldering section 53. The signal transition section 52 connects forward to the signal contact section 51 and backward to the signal soldering section 53. A first gap W1 exists between two signal contact sections 51 of the same differential signal pair 60, and a second gap W2 exists between two signal transition sections 52 of the same differential signal pair 60. The first gap W1 is greater than the second gap W2, and the second gap W2 is the minimum gap between two signal terminals 50 within the differential signal pair 60. The first gap W1 being greater than the second gap W2 ensures tight coupling between two signal transition sections 52 in a differential signal pair 60, thereby reducing crosstalk between two signal terminals 50 in the same differential signal pair 60. In the vertical direction Z, the signal contact section 51 protrudes from the surface of the connector plate 31.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6Along the front-to-back direction Y, the signal transition section 52 includes a first section 521 exposed to air and a second section 522 covered by the insulating body 30. The width of the second section 522 is smaller than the width of the first section 521. Along the left-to-right direction X, the distance between the first section 521 and the side plate 74 is smaller than the distance between the second section 522 and the side plate 74. The first section 521 being exposed to air results in a high impedance. The second section 522 being covered by the insulating body 30 increases the dielectric constant around it, thereby increasing the capacitance and making the impedance of the second section 522 lower than that of the first section 521. To achieve impedance matching between the first section 521 and the second section 522, narrowing the width of the second section 522 of the signal terminal 50 increases the inductance and thus the impedance of the second section 522. In addition, because the side plate 74 is made of metal, the smaller the distance between the side plate 74 and the signal transition section 52 in the left-to-right direction X, the lower the impedance of the signal transition section 52. The second segment 522 is narrower than the first segment 521, making the distance between the second segment 522 and the side plate 74 in the left-right direction X greater than the distance between the first segment 521 and the side plate 74. This increases the impedance of the second segment 522 compared to the first segment 521. In summary, by narrowing the width of the second segment 522, both the narrowing increase in the width of the second segment 522 and the increased distance between the second segment 522 and the side plate 74 are used to increase impedance, thus balancing the reduced impedance due to the second segment 522 being covered by the insulating body 30, achieving impedance matching between the first segment 521 and the second segment 522. Furthermore, the grounding terminal 71 includes a grounding contact segment 711 and a grounding welding segment 712 connected forward to the grounding contact segment 711. In the up-down direction Z, both the grounding contact segment 711 and the signal contact segment 51 expose the same surface of the plug-in plate 31, and the free end of the side plate 74 protrudes towards the plug-in plate 31 relative to the grounding terminal 71. The free end of the side plate 74 protrudes towards the plug plate 31 relative to the grounding terminal 71, which increases the shielding range of the side plate 74 in the vertical direction, thereby enhancing the shielding effect. In this embodiment, the electrical connector 100 includes two rows of terminals, wherein the grounding contact section 711 and signal contact section 51 of one row of terminals protrude from the upper surface of the plug plate 31, and the grounding contact section 711 and signal contact section 51 of the other row of terminals protrude from the lower surface of the plug plate 31. In other embodiments, the electrical connector 100 may have only one row of terminals.

[0043] like Figures 5 to 7In this embodiment, each ground terminal 71 extends integrally with two side plates 74 along the vertical direction Z toward the loss element 90. A portion of the side plate 74 is located between the signal transition section 52 and the ground contact portion 711, and another portion of the side plate 74 is located between the signal contact portion 51 and the ground contact portion 711. Of course, in other embodiments, the side plate 74 may only be located between the signal transition section 52 and the ground terminal 71, that is, the side plate 74 may not extend beyond the signal transition section 52 along the front-back direction Y. In other embodiments, each ground terminal 71 may only extend to form one side plate 74. Viewed from the vertical direction Z, the ground terminal 71 is located between two differential signal pairs 60, and the loss element 90 is located between two differential signal pairs 60. The ground terminal 71 and the differential signal pairs 60 are arranged along the left-right direction X and housed in the insulating body 30. The side plates 74 are located beside the differential signal pairs 60 to increase metal shielding and thereby reduce crosstalk between adjacent differential signal pairs 60. There is an impedance high point in the two signal transition sections 52 of the same differential signal pair 60. The tight coupling between the two signal transition sections 52 of the differential signal pair 60 reduces the impedance at this point, thus achieving impedance matching. Along the left-right direction X, the two surfaces of the side plate 74 are opposite each other, and the projection of the side plate 74 overlaps with the projection of the signal transition section 52, that is, the side plate 74 is located beside the signal transition section 52. The tight coupling between the two signal transition sections 52 in the same differential signal pair 60 can reduce crosstalk between the two signal terminals 50 of the same differential signal pair 60. However, the energy radiated outward by the two signal transition sections 52 can interfere with other differential signal pairs 60. When the side plate 74 is located beside the signal transition section 52, the side plate 74 can reflect this energy, so that the energy will not affect the surrounding differential signal pairs 60. This reduces crosstalk and helps to meet high-frequency requirements. In this embodiment, only a portion of the side plate 74 is located beside the signal transition section 52. In other embodiments, if it is only necessary to reduce crosstalk around the signal transition section 52, i.e., to reduce crosstalk in the tightly coupled region of the differential signal pair 60, the side plate 74 may also be located entirely beside the signal transition section 52.

[0044] like Figure 6In this embodiment, along the left-right direction X, the side plate 74 is not located on either side of the signal soldering section 53. That is, in the front-back direction Y, the side plate 74 does not extend to the signal soldering section 53 of the grounding terminal 71. This is because the signal soldering section 53 will be soldered to the exposed conductor of the cable 20. The location of the signal soldering section 53 contains solder, which generally contains metal. The signal soldering section 53 of the signal terminal 50 has a low impedance due to the presence of solder and the exposed conductor of the cable 20. Since the side plate 74 is made of metal, extending the side plate 74 to the side of the signal soldering section 53 would increase the metal adjacent to the signal terminal 50, resulting in even lower impedance, which is not conducive to impedance matching. At the same time, the grounding soldering section 712 will also be soldered to the exposed conductor of the cable 20, and the impedance of the grounding soldering section 712 is also low. To achieve impedance matching, the side plate 74 does not extend to the side of the signal soldering section 53. Specifically, in this embodiment, viewed from the top-bottom direction Z, the side plate 74 is not located between the signal soldering section 53 and the grounding soldering section 712. In other embodiments, as long as impedance matching can be achieved and signal integrity is not affected, the side plate 74 may also extend to the signal soldering section 53. In addition, in other embodiments, the signal soldering section 53 of the grounding terminal 71 may not be soldered to the cable 20, as long as the signal soldering section 53 can achieve electrical conduction with other electrical components.

[0045] like Figure 5 In this embodiment, the lossy component 90 is housed in the plug-in plate 31. Along the vertical direction Z, the projection of the lossy component overlaps with the projection of the grounding terminal 71. Specifically, the grounding terminal 71 is located above the lossy component 90 and in contact with it. The free ends of the two side plates 74 respectively contact the shielding component 80. The two side plates 74 are located on the left and right sides of the lossy component 90 and respectively contact it. The noise on the grounding assembly 70 is conducted through the grounding terminal 71 and is mainly concentrated on the two side plates 74. The side plates 74 are in contact with the lossy component 90, and since the lossy component 90 is formed of a lossy dielectric material, the noise on the side plates 74 can be absorbed by the lossy component 90, thereby achieving zero potential of the grounding assembly 70 to reduce crosstalk and meet high-frequency requirements. In this embodiment, the grounding terminal 71 is located above the lossy component 90, and the two side plates 74 are located on the left and right sides of the lossy component 90. The grounding terminal 71 and the two side plates 74 surround the lossy component 90 on three sides, blocking noise from scattering outward and reducing its influence range. At the same time, the lossy component 90 has an absorption effect on noise to reduce crosstalk. To ensure the zero potential of the grounding component 70, the free end of the side plate 74 contacts the shield 80, increasing the grounding path. This allows noise on the side plate 74 to be both conducted to the shield 80 for grounding and absorbed by the lossy component 90, thus meeting high-frequency requirements.

[0046] In other embodiments, after the conditions are met that the grounding terminal 71 in the vertical direction contacts the loss element 90 and the side plate 74 in the horizontal direction contacts the loss element 90, the side plate 74 may not contact the shield 80. That is, if the height of the side plate 74 in the vertical direction is less than the height of the loss element 90 located above the shield 80, the side plate 74 may also achieve conduction with the shield 80 by contacting the loss element 90.

[0047] like Figure 6 Along the left-right direction X, the projection of side plate 74 overlaps with the projection of lossy element 90. To reduce signal interference, lossy element 90 is added, positioned between ground terminal 71 and shield 80, with ground terminal 71 above lossy element 90 and two side plates 74 on the left and right sides of lossy element 90. Some noise is attenuated in lossy element 90, while some noise is still scattered outwards. Because ground terminal 71 and side plates 74 act as shields above and on the left and right sides of lossy element 90 respectively, the outwardly scattered noise can be shielded by side plates 74, reducing the range affected by outward noise scattering. It should be noted that lossy element 90 is formed of a lossy dielectric material. Lossy element 90 mainly achieves shielding by absorbing energy, and the small gap between lossy element 90 and side plates 74 can also absorb noise on side plates 74.

[0048] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the grounding component 70 further includes a connecting portion 72. In other embodiments, the grounding component 70 may only include a grounding terminal 71 and a side plate 74. Each grounding terminal 71 is integrally bent and extended along the front-rear direction Y to form two connecting portions 72. Specifically, the front end of each grounding terminal 71 is bent towards the plug-in plate 31 to form a connecting portion 72, and the rear end of each grounding terminal 71 is bent towards the plug-in plate 31 to form a connecting portion 72. The connecting portions 72 located on the front side of the grounding terminal 71 are connected together in series by a bridging member 73, and the connecting portions 72 located on the rear side of the grounding terminal 71 are connected together in series by another identical bridging member 73. The bridging member 73 connects the grounding terminals 71 in series for grounding, reducing signal residual effects, i.e., reducing crosstalk, and improving signal transmission integrity. In other embodiments, each grounding terminal 71 may only have one connecting portion 72 along the front-rear direction Y, and this connecting portion 72 may be located on the front or rear side of the grounding terminal 71; or each grounding terminal 71 may not have a connecting portion 72.

[0049] like Figure 3An insulating member 41 is provided in front of the loss member 90 in the front-rear direction Y, that is, an insulating member 41 is provided between the connecting portion 72 on the front side of each grounding terminal 71 and the loss member 90; in the vertical direction Z, the insulating member 41 is located between the shield member 80 and the grounding terminal 71 and abuts against the grounding terminal 71, and the insulating member 41 provides support for the grounding terminal 71; in the horizontal direction X, the projection of the insulating member 41 at least partially overlaps with the projection of the side plate 74. In this embodiment, adjacent insulating members 41 are connected together for ease of molding; in other embodiments, the insulating members 41 can be set independently.

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 Along the vertical direction Z, the lossy component 90 is located between the grounding terminal 71 and the shielding component 80. In this embodiment, the lossy component 90 is embedded in the upper and lower surfaces of the shielding component 80. In other embodiments, the installation method between the shielding component 80 and the lossy component 90 is not limited to injection molding, assembly, etc., as long as electrical conduction between the shielding component 80 and the lossy component 90 can be achieved. For example, the lossy component 90 can be glued to the shielding component 80 with conductive adhesive. Along the vertical direction Z, the lossy component 90 includes a first part 91 that contacts the shielding component 80 and a second part 92 that is connected to the first part 91. The first part 91 is located between the second part 92 and the shielding component 80. Along the horizontal direction X, the first part 91 contacts the side plate 74, and the second part 92 does not contact the side plate 74. Noise on the grounding terminal 71 is conducted through the side plate 74. In the vertical direction Z, there is an edge effect on the side of the side plate 74 away from the grounding terminal 71, causing noise to concentrate there. In the horizontal direction X, the first part 91 of the loss element 90 contacts the side plate 74 to absorb noise. The unabsorbed part can also be grounded through the path of side plate 74-loss element 90-shield element 80 in the vertical direction Z, thereby reducing crosstalk. At the same time, because the noise on the grounding assembly 70 is concentrated on the side of the side plate 74 away from the grounding terminal 71, the second part 92 of the loss element 90 does not contact the side plate 74 in the horizontal direction, which also achieves the effect of reducing crosstalk.

[0051] like Figures 2 to 3Along the vertical direction Z, the second part 92 contacts the grounding terminal 71, and a groove 923 is provided between the second part 92 and the grounding terminal 71. In other embodiments, multiple grooves 923 may be provided or no groove 923 may be provided. The groove 923 between the second part 92 and the grounding terminal 71 creates a gap between the grounding terminal 71 and the second part 92, so that the grounding terminal 71 and the second part 92 do not contact each other at the location of the groove 923. The groove 923 is provided to reduce energy loss on the side of the side plate 74 near the grounding terminal 71. Air is a zero-loss medium, while lossy components are formed of lossy dielectric materials. Lossy dielectrics will lose all signals; they are not selective and only lose noise. Therefore, contacting the lossy component on the side of the side plate 74 away from the grounding terminal 71 can reduce crosstalk. The groove 923 is provided on the side of the side plate 74 near the grounding terminal 71, and air is contained in the groove 923 to reduce signal loss in this area. In this way, the energy absorption characteristics of the lossy component 90 can be utilized to absorb noise, without affecting signal integrity due to the lossy component 90 absorbing too much energy.

[0052] like Figure 6 In the front-rear direction Y, the front end of the side plate 74 extends forward beyond the front end of the loss component 90, the front end of the loss component 90 extends forward beyond the front end of the signal terminal 50, and the rear end of the side plate 74 extends rearward beyond the rear end of the loss component 90. The front end of the signal terminal 50 scatters a lot of electromagnetic waves and interference signals outward. Ideally, the front end of the loss component 90 should be flush with the front end of the signal terminal 50 to reduce signal concentration at the front end of the signal terminal 50 and reduce crosstalk. The front end of the loss component 90 extending forward beyond the front end of the signal terminal 50 can absorb more electromagnetic waves and interference signals, reducing crosstalk around the front end of the signal terminal 50. The front end of the side plate 74 extending beyond the front end of the loss component 90 can reduce far-end crosstalk. In this embodiment, in the front-rear direction Y, the front end of the loss component 90 is located between the front end of the signal terminal 50 and the front end of the side plate 74. In other embodiments, the front end of the loss component 90 may be flush with the front end of the signal terminal 50.

[0053] Along the Y-direction, the distance between the front end face of the side plate 74 and the front end face of the signal terminal 50 is greater than or equal to the distance between the front end face of the side plate 74 and the front end face of the grounding terminal 71. Because the signal at the front end of the signal terminal 50 is concentrated, the side plate 74 extends forward beyond the front end face of the signal terminal 50 to shield the interference signal at the front end of the signal terminal 50, thereby reducing crosstalk. The greater the distance between the front end face of the side plate 74 and the front end face of the signal terminal 50, the more energy radiated outward from the signal terminal 50 can be shielded by the side plate 74. A gap exists between the front end face of the grounding terminal 71 and the front end face of the side plate 74 to allow for processing space, facilitating the punching and bending of the plate surface where the grounding terminal 71 is located to form the side plate 74; therefore, this gap does not need to be too large. To improve high-frequency performance, in this embodiment, the distance between the front end face of the side plate 74 and the front end face of the signal terminal 50 is greater than the distance between the front end face of the side plate 74 and the front end face of the grounding terminal 71.

[0054] like Figures 8 to 9 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The loss element 90' in the second embodiment has a different structure from the loss element 90 in the first embodiment, but both are made of conductive plastic. In this embodiment, in the vertical direction Z, the loss element 90' is located between the grounding terminal 71 and the shielding member 80, the side plate 74 contacts the shielding member 80, and there is a gap between the grounding terminal 71 and the loss element 90'. Each grounding terminal 71 extends toward the loss element 90 to form two side plates 74. In other embodiments, each grounding terminal 71 may extend toward the loss element 90 to form one side plate 74. The grounding terminal 71 and the side plate 74 are assembled with the loss element 90' in the vertical direction Z. Considering manufacturing tolerances and ease of installation, the grounding terminal 71 and the loss element 90' have a gap in the vertical direction Z to ensure that the grounding assembly 70 can be smoothly installed with the loss element 90' and the shielding member 80, and that the free end of the side plate 74 can contact the shielding member 80 to achieve electrical conduction with the shielding member 80. Furthermore, due to the edge effect of the conductor and the fact that the side plate 74 is a metal plate, noise on the grounding terminal 71 is conducted to the side plate 74 and concentrated at the edge of the side plate 74, i.e., at the free end of the side plate 74. The loss element 90' on the shield 80 is in contact with the side plate 74, so that the noise concentrated on the side plate 74 can be absorbed by the loss element 90', thereby reducing crosstalk.

[0055] like Figure 8In the front-rear direction Y, an insulating member 41 is provided in front of the loss member 90'. In the vertical direction Z, the insulating member 41 is located between the shield member 80 and the grounding terminal 71 and abuts against the grounding terminal 71. In the left-right direction X, the projection of the insulating member 41 at least partially overlaps with the projection of the side plate 74. When the loss member 90' and the grounding terminal 71 are not in contact, i.e., there is a gap between them in the vertical direction Z, the grounding terminal 71 lacks support and is prone to bending. The insulating member 41 is provided in front of the loss member 90' and abuts against the grounding terminal 71 to provide support for the grounding terminal 71. In this embodiment, adjacent insulating members 41 are connected together for ease of molding. In other embodiments, the insulating members 41 can be set independently.

[0056] like Figure 8 Along the vertical direction Z, the lossy component 90' includes a first part 91' that contacts the shield 80 and a second part 92' connected to the first part 91', with the first part 91' located between the second part 92' and the shield 80. Along the horizontal direction X, the first part 91' contacts the side plate 74, while the second part 92' does not contact the side plate 74. Along the vertical direction Z, the second part 92' contacts the grounding terminal 71, and a groove 923 is provided between the second part 92' and the grounding terminal 71. In other embodiments, multiple grooves 923' may be provided, or no grooves 923' may be provided.

[0057] like Figure 9Furthermore, the second part 92' includes a first surface 921' and at least one second surface 922' connected to the first surface 921'; along the vertical direction Z, there is a first gap S1 between the first surface 921' and the ground terminal 71, and along the horizontal direction X, there is a second gap S2 between the second surface 922' and the side plate 74. The first gap S1 and the second gap S2 are connected, and air is contained in the first gap S1 and the second gap S2 respectively; along the vertical direction Z, the width of the second gap S2 narrows in the direction from the second part 92' to the first part 91'. Because the lossy component 90' is formed of a lossy dielectric material, which will lose all signals, it does not have selectivity and only loses noise. Also, because there is an edge effect on the side of the side plate 74 away from the ground terminal 71, noise is concentrated. Therefore, contacting the lossy component on the side of the side plate 74 away from the ground terminal 71 can achieve the effect of reducing crosstalk. Air is a zero-loss medium. Air is contained on the side of side plate 74 near grounding terminal 71 to reduce signal loss of the lossy component 90' in this area, thus avoiding impact on signal integrity. Furthermore, the second gap S2 in the vertical Z direction prevents interference between the grounding terminal 71 and the lossy component 90' during installation, thus avoiding damage to both and extending the lifespan of the electrical connector 100. Because the lossy component 90' can absorb noise without contacting side plate 74, the narrowing of the second gap S2 (i.e., the shortening of the distance between the second surface 922' of the second part 92' and side plate 74) makes the second part 92' more effective at absorbing noise. Since noise on side plate 74 is mainly concentrated on the side away from grounding terminal 71, the narrowing of the second gap S2 in the direction from the second part 92' to the first part 91' facilitates noise absorption by the first part 91' of the lossy component 90'.

[0058] Furthermore, the size of the first gap S1 can be selected according to actual needs, as long as it facilitates the assembly of the grounding component 70 with the loss component 90' and the shielding component 80 and allows air to be contained within the first gap S1. In this embodiment, the height of the second gap S2 in the vertical direction Z, i.e., the distance between the upper surface of the second part 92' and the lower surface of the grounding terminal 71, does not exceed 20mm; in other embodiments, as long as the first part 91' can contact the side plate 74 to absorb noise, the height of the second gap S2 in the vertical direction Z can be freely selected.

[0059] In addition, the inventors of this application conducted simulation analysis on three electrical connector models. Except for the differences in the side plates 74 and the lossy component 90, the other components and structural relationships are identical in the three electrical connector models. In the first electrical connector model, the lossy component 90 is in contact with the ground terminal 71. In the second electrical connector model, the left and right sides of the ground terminal 71 extend downwards to form two side plates 74, and the lossy component 90 is not in contact with the ground terminal 71. In the third electrical connector model, both the left and right sides of the ground terminal 71 extend downwards to form two side plates 74, and the lossy component 90 is in contact with the ground terminal 71. Furthermore, the diagonal lines in the simulation results graphs are the PCIE 6.0 standard lines for far-end crosstalk, to facilitate comparison of whether the far-end crosstalk of each electrical connector 100 model meets this standard.

[0060] like Figure 10 The figure shows the simulation results of the first electrical connector model on far-extended crosstalk (FEXT). The simulation results show that the FEXT strength in the high-frequency band (around 20 GHz) is below the standard line, indicating few FEXTs. However, the FEXT strength in the mid-to-low frequency band (0-15 GHz) is above the standard line, indicating many FEXTs. Figure 11 The figure shows the simulation results of the impact of the second type of electrical connector model on far crosstalk (FEXT). When two side plates 74 are extended only on the left and right sides of the grounding terminal 71, the far crosstalk in the mid-frequency band (around 15GHz) is closer to the standard line. In the low-frequency band (below 15GHz) and high-frequency band (around 20GHz), the strength of the far crosstalk is greater than the standard line. Therefore, extending two side plates 74 only on the left and right sides of the grounding terminal 71 can reduce the far crosstalk of the electrical connector 100 in the mid-frequency band. Figure 12 The figure shows the simulation results of the impact of the third electrical connector model on far crosstalk (FEXT). The third electrical connector model is the electrical connector 100 in the first embodiment. The simulation results show that the far crosstalk is close to the standard line across the entire frequency band, therefore this model can reduce far crosstalk more effectively. Figure 13 This is a comparison diagram of the impact of three electrical connector models on far-end crosstalk (FEXT). The diagram shows that the third electrical connector model, which has two side plates 74 extending downwards on the left and right sides of the ground terminal 71 and has a lossy component 90 in contact with the ground terminal 71, can reduce far-end crosstalk compared to the first and second electrical connector models.

[0061] It should be noted that the relative division of frequency bands into low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency bands in the same result graph does not mean that the boundary between low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency bands is 15GHz and 20GHz.

[0062] In summary, the electrical connector 100 of the present invention has the following effects:

[0063] (1) To reduce far-end crosstalk, the side plate 74 shields the interference signals scattered outward from the adjacent signal terminals 50. The projection of the ground terminal 71 in the vertical direction Z overlaps with the projection of the loss component 90, and the projection of the side plate 74 in the horizontal direction X overlaps with the projection of the loss component 90. This causes some noise to be lost in the loss component 90, while some noise is still scattered outward. The ground terminal 71 and the side plate 74 play a shielding role on either the vertical or horizontal side of the loss component 90, respectively. The part of noise that is scattered outward can be shielded by the side plate 74, thereby reducing the influence range of the interference signal and reducing far-end crosstalk.

[0064] (2) By designing the grounding terminal 71 to be electrically connected to the side plate 74, and viewing from the vertical direction Z, the side plate 74 is located between the grounding terminal 71 and the differential signal pair 60. Along the horizontal direction X, the two surfaces of the side plate 74 are opposite each other, and the projection of the side plate 74 overlaps with the projection of the signal transition section 52. This design adds shielding to the side of the signal transition section 52, reducing the impact of the energy radiated outward from the signal transition section 52 on other differential signal pairs 60, thereby reducing crosstalk and meeting high-frequency requirements. Furthermore, the first spacing W1 is greater than the second spacing W2, and the second spacing W2 is the minimum spacing between the two signal terminals 50 within the differential signal pair 60. This ensures tight coupling between the two signal transition sections 52 of the same differential signal pair 60, reducing crosstalk between the two signal terminals 50 of the same differential signal pair 60 and meeting high-frequency requirements.

[0065] (3) The lossy component 90 is located between the grounding terminal 71 and the shielding component 80 and is in contact with the grounding terminal 71. The two side plates 74 are in contact with the shielding component 80 respectively. The two side plates 74 are located on the left and right sides of the lossy component 90 respectively and are in contact with the lossy component 90. The noise on the grounding assembly 70 is conducted through the grounding terminal 71 and is mainly concentrated on the two side plates 74. The side plates 74 are in contact with the lossy component 90. Since the lossy component 90 is made of a lossy dielectric material, the noise on the side plates 74 can be absorbed by the lossy component 90, thereby achieving zero potential of the grounding assembly 70 to reduce crosstalk and meet high-frequency requirements. The grounding terminal 71 and the two side plates 74 surround the lossy component 90 on three sides, blocking the outward scattering of noise and reducing its influence range. At the same time, the lossy component 90 has an absorption effect on noise to reduce crosstalk. To ensure zero potential of the grounding component 70, the side plate 74 contacts the shield 80 downwards, increasing the grounding path. This allows noise on the side plate 74 to be conducted to the shield 80 for grounding and also absorbed by the lossy component 90, thus meeting high-frequency requirements.

[0066] (4) Along the vertical direction Z, the second part 92 contacts the grounding terminal 71, and a groove 923 is provided between the second part 92 and the grounding terminal 71. The groove 923 is provided to reduce energy loss on the side of the side plate 74 near the grounding terminal 71. Air is a zero-loss medium, while the lossy component is formed of a lossy dielectric material. The lossy dielectric will lose all signals and is not selective, only losing noise. Therefore, contacting the lossy component on the side of the side plate 74 away from the grounding terminal 71 can reduce crosstalk. The groove 923 is provided on the side of the side plate 74 near the grounding terminal 71, and air is contained in the groove 923 to reduce signal loss in this area. In this way, the energy absorption characteristics of the lossy component 90 can be used to absorb noise, and the signal integrity will not be affected by the lossy component 90 absorbing too much energy.

[0067] (5) In the front-rear direction Y, the front end of the side plate 74 extends forward beyond the front end of the loss component 90, the front end of the loss component 90 extends forward beyond the front end of the signal terminal 50, and the rear end of the side plate 74 extends backward beyond the rear end of the loss component 90. The front end of the signal terminal 50 scatters a lot of electromagnetic waves and interference signals outward. Ideally, the front end of the loss component 90 should be flush with the front end of the signal terminal 50 to reduce signal concentration at the front end of the signal terminal 50 and reduce crosstalk. The front end of the loss component 90 extending forward beyond the front end of the signal terminal 50 can absorb more electromagnetic waves and interference signals, reducing crosstalk around the front end of the signal terminal 50. The front end of the side plate 74 extending beyond the front end of the loss component 90 can reduce far-end crosstalk.

[0068] (6) Along the vertical direction Z, there is a first gap S1 between the first surface 921' and the grounding terminal 71. Along the horizontal direction X, there is a second gap S2 between the second surface 922' and the side plate 74. The first gap S1 and the second gap S2 are connected, and air is contained in the first gap S1 and the second gap S2 respectively. Along the vertical direction Z, the width of the second gap S2 narrows in the direction from the second part 92' to the first part 91'. The loss component 90' can absorb noise without contacting the side plate 74. The narrowing of the second gap S2 means that the distance between the second surface 922' of the second part 92' and the side plate 74 is shortened, making it easier for the second part 92' to absorb noise. The noise on the side plate 74 is mainly concentrated on the side of the side plate 74 away from the grounding terminal 71. The narrowing of the width of the second gap S2 in the direction from the second part 92' to the first part 91' is conducive to the absorption of noise by the first part 91' of the auxiliary loss component 90'.

[0069] The above detailed description is only an illustration of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made using the content of this invention's specification and illustrations are included within the patent scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An electrical connector, characterized in that, include: An insulating body; Multiple signal terminals and multiple grounding terminals are arranged in the left-right direction and housed in an insulating body; For lossy components, the grounding terminal overlaps with the projection of the lossy component along the vertical direction; At least one side plate extends integrally from the grounding terminal toward the loss component, and the side plate overlaps with the projection of the loss component in the left-right direction.

2. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding terminal extends integrally toward the loss component to form two side plates, which are located on the left and right sides of the loss component and respectively contact the loss component.

3. The electrical connector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes a shield housed within an insulating body, with a loss element located between a grounding terminal and the shield along the vertical direction; two side plates extend integrally from the grounding terminal toward the loss element, the two side plates being located on the left and right sides of the loss element and respectively contacting the loss element, and the two side plates respectively contacting the shield.

4. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The shield is housed within an insulating body. Along the vertical direction, a lossy component is located between the grounding terminal and the shield, and there is a gap between the lossy component and the grounding terminal. A side plate contacts the shield. Along the left and right direction, the side plate contacts the consumable parts.

5. The electrical connector as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Along the front-to-back direction, an insulating element is provided in front of the loss component; along the up-down direction, the insulating element is located between the shield and the grounding terminal and abuts against the grounding terminal; along the left-to-right direction, the projection of the insulating element at least partially overlaps with the projection of the side plate.

6. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a shield housed within an insulating body, wherein in the vertical direction, a lossy component is located between and in contact with the grounding terminal and the shield, and in the horizontal direction, a side plate is in contact with the lossy component.

7. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In the front-rear direction, the front end of the side plate extends forward beyond the front end of the consumable component, the front end of the consumable component extends forward beyond the front end of the signal terminal or is flush with the front end of the signal terminal, and the rear end of the side plate extends backward beyond the rear end of the consumable component.

8. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In the front-rear direction, the front end face of the consumable component is located between the front end face of the signal terminal and the front end face of the side plate.

9. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes a shield housed within an insulating body. In the vertical direction, a lossy component is located between a grounding terminal and the shield. The lossy component includes a first part that contacts the shield and a second part that connects to the first part. The first part is located between the second part and the shield. In the horizontal direction, the first part contacts a side plate, and the second part does not contact the side plate.

10. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The second part includes a first surface and at least one second surface connected to the first surface; in the vertical direction, there is a first gap between the first surface and the grounding terminal, and in the horizontal direction, there is a second gap between the second surface and the side plate; the first gap and the second gap are connected, and air is contained in the first gap and the second gap respectively; in the vertical direction, the width of the second gap narrows in the direction from the second part to the first part.

11. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes a shield housed within an insulating body and at least two insulating blocks, each insulating block having at least one signal terminal; two side plates extending from a grounding terminal toward a lossy component, the two side plates being located on the left and right sides of the lossy component and respectively contacting the lossy component; viewed in the front-back direction, the lossy component is located between the two insulating blocks; in the vertical direction, the lossy component is located between the grounding terminal and the shield, with a gap between the lossy component and the grounding terminal; each insulating block includes a first end contacting the signal terminal and a second end contacting the shield; in the left-right direction, adjacent first ends are separated by a first distance, and adjacent second ends are separated by a second distance, the first distance being greater than the second distance.

12. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes a shield housed within an insulating body. In the vertical direction, a lossy component is located between a grounding terminal and the shield. The lossy component includes a first part that contacts the shield and a second part that connects to the first part. The first part is located between the second part and the shield. In the horizontal direction, the first part contacts a side plate. In the vertical direction, the second part contacts a grounding terminal, and a groove is provided between the second part and the grounding terminal.

13. The electrical connector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating body is provided with a plug plate, and the side plate is at least partially located on the plug plate; each signal terminal includes a signal contact section, and each ground terminal includes a ground contact section. In the vertical direction, the ground contact section and the signal contact section are exposed on the same surface of the plug plate, and the free end of the side plate protrudes toward the plug plate relative to the ground terminal.

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