A defoaming system for a flotation concentrate inner cone outer ring

Abstract

The application discloses a flotation concentrate inner-cone outer-ring type defoaming system which comprises a concentrate barrel, a discharge pump, a water spraying device, an inner-cone type air and liquid permeable container, an outer-ring type air and liquid permeable container and a vacuum pump, the upper side of the concentrate barrel is provided with a feeding pipe, the discharge pump is connected with the lower side of the concentrate barrel through a discharge pipe, the water spraying device is arranged on the top of the concentrate barrel and sprays water downward, the inner-cone type air and liquid permeable container is arranged in the middle of the concentrate barrel, the outer-ring type air and liquid permeable container is arranged on the inner wall of the concentrate barrel, and the vacuum pump is connected with the inner-cone type air and liquid permeable container and the outer-ring type air and liquid permeable container through a suction pipe. According to the application, the inner-cone cavity and the outer-ring cavity can form a smaller negative pressure inside through the water spraying mode conversion and the vacuum pump operation according to the height change of the foam layer in the concentrate barrel, the bubbles around the filter cloth can be broken, and the purpose of eliminating the foam in the concentrate barrel is achieved, thereby providing a certain reference for solving the problem of difficult elimination of the flotation concentrate foam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mineral processing technology, specifically relating to an inner cone and outer ring defoaming system for flotation concentrate. Background Technology

[0002] Mineral froth flotation is a method that utilizes the differences in surface properties of materials at the gas-liquid interface, using air bubbles as carriers, and under the action of flotation reagents, to effectively enrich the target minerals and separate them from gangue minerals. In coal slime flotation, due to improper reagent use or high fine-grained mineral content, the gas-solid-liquid three-phase flotation foam exhibits strong stability and is difficult to break down over a long period. Especially when valuable minerals and gangue minerals are closely associated, and the grinding particle size is fine, the high content of mineral particles smaller than 10 micrometers in the flotation concentrate leads to extremely strong three-phase foam stability. This significantly impacts water consumption, subsequent transportation, filtration, and clean coal yield, severely restricting the later processing of the flotation concentrate and thus hindering normal plant production and economic efficiency. These phenomena are widespread in various industrial mineral processing plants. Therefore, understanding the rapid elimination patterns of foam remains a key focus in the mineral processing industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a flotation concentrate inner cone outer ring defoaming system that is scientifically designed, compact in structure, allows for continuous operation, and has a good defoaming effect.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a flotation concentrate inner cone outer ring defoaming system, including a concentrate tank, a discharge pump, a spray water device, an inner cone-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container, an outer ring-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container, and a vacuum pump. The upper part of the concentrate tank is provided with a feed pipe, the discharge pump is connected to the lower part of the concentrate tank through the discharge pipe, the spray water device is set at the top of the concentrate tank and sprays water downwards, the inner cone-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container is set in the middle of the concentrate tank, the outer ring-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container is set on the inner wall of the concentrate tank, and the vacuum pump is connected to both the inner cone-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container and the outer ring-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container through an air extraction pipe.

[0005] The feed pipe is connected to a guide trough that is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the concentrate tank and has a discharge port at the lower end.

[0006] The spray water device includes a hollow water distribution plate horizontally set on the top of the concentrate drum. Several nozzles are connected to the lower surface of the hollow water distribution plate. A water spray pipe passing through the top of the concentrate drum is connected to the center of the top of the hollow water distribution plate. A water spray solenoid valve is installed on the water spray pipe.

[0007] The inner conical air-permeable and liquid-permeable container includes an upper conical support that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, and a lower conical collecting funnel that is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top. The lower end of the upper conical support and the upper end of the lower conical collecting funnel are fixedly connected to form an internally connected cavity structure. The outer circle of the lower end of the upper conical support is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the concentrate tank through several horizontal support rods. The upper conical support is wrapped with an inner conical filter cloth. The air extraction pipe is connected to the upper middle part of the upper conical support. The lower port of the lower conical collecting funnel is equipped with an internal liquid drainage solenoid valve.

[0008] The outer annular permeable air and liquid container includes an upper annular plate and a lower spiral annular plate. The outer circle of the upper annular plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner circle of the concentrate tank, and the outer circle of the lower spiral annular plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner circle of the concentrate tank. A cylindrical filter plate is fixedly installed between the inner circles of the upper annular plate and the inner circles of the lower spiral annular plate. An annular cavity is formed between the outer circle of the cylindrical filter plate and the inner circle of the concentrate tank. The inner circle of the cylindrical filter plate is wrapped with an outer cylindrical filter cloth. An external drain solenoid valve is installed at the lowest point of the lower spiral annular plate.

[0009] It also includes a PLC controller. A foam liquid level height sensor is fixedly installed in the upper part of the concentrate tank. The PLC controller is connected to the foam liquid level height sensor, the water spray solenoid valve, the vacuum pump, the internal drain solenoid valve and the external drain solenoid valve through control cables.

[0010] The working principle and process of this invention, using the above technical solution, are as follows: The slurry enters the guide trough through the feed pipe and exits from the discharge port at the lower end of the guide trough. The guide trough is located on the inner wall of the concentrate tank, guiding the slurry down the side wall of the concentrate tank and preventing the slurry from directly impacting the upper conical support, thus protecting the inner conical filter cloth on the upper conical support. The lower part of the concentrate tank is the slurry layer, which should be controlled to be below the inner drain solenoid valve (the outer drain solenoid valve and the inner drain solenoid valve are basically at the same height). The upper part of the concentrate tank is a foam layer. As the slurry is continuously fed in, both the internal and external drain solenoid valves close. As the foam layer continues to rise, once it exceeds the upper conical support by a certain distance, the foam level sensor transmits the foam layer height signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller then sends a command signal to the water spray solenoid valve and the vacuum pump. Water from the spray pipe enters the hollow water distribution plate and is finally sprayed downwards at a low speed and small flow rate through several nozzles. Simultaneously, the vacuum pump starts. Because the foam is relatively loose, the pressure required by the vacuum pump is relatively low, causing a decrease in air pressure inside the upper conical support and the annular cavity. The foam surrounding the support moves towards the surfaces of the inner conical filter cloth and the outer cylindrical filter cloth, and undergoes a breakup process due to negative pressure. Solid particles in the foam are trapped on the surface of the inner conical filter cloth and slide downwards along the conical structure under their own gravity. The liquid in the foam passes through the inner conical filter cloth into the upper conical support and further flows into the lower conical collecting funnel. Simultaneously, solid particles in the foam in contact with the cylindrical filter cloth are trapped on its surface and slide downwards along its own gravity. The liquid in the foam passes through the cylindrical filter cloth into the annular cavity and further flows into the lower spiral annular plate. Because the filtration mainly involves mineral foam, the filtrate volume is relatively small, and the required volumes of the lower conical collecting funnel and the annular cavity are also small. As filtration progresses, the foam layer gradually undergoes a defoaming process, and the foam layer height decreases. When the foam layer height decreases to a certain level (the bottom of the inner conical filter cloth), the foam liquid level sensor transmits the foam layer height signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller sends command signals to the water spray solenoid valve and the vacuum pump. The vacuum pump stops, and the water spray pipe switches to a high-speed, low-flow rinsing mode, with the nozzles spraying downwards to wash away residual mineral solids on the surfaces of the inner conical and outer cylindrical filter cloths. This allows the mineral solids to slide further down the inner conical and outer cylindrical filter cloths into the slurry layer. Simultaneously, the inner and outer drain solenoid valves open, allowing the filtered liquid to enter the slurry layer through these valves. After the vacuum pump stops, the foam height will accumulate and increase further. When the foam height rises to a certain level, the foam liquid level sensor transmits the foam layer height signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller sends command signals to the water spray solenoid valve, the internal drain solenoid valve, the external drain solenoid valve, and the vacuum pump. The water spray pipe restarts the low-speed, low-flow spray mode, while the internal drain solenoid valve and the external drain solenoid valve close, and the vacuum pump starts, repeating the previous working process.When discharge is required, turn on the discharge pump to discharge the defoamed slurry stored at the bottom of the concentrate tank.

[0011] The annular gap that gradually thins from top to bottom, formed between the outer circle of the upper conical support and the inner circle of the concentrate tank, allows the foam in the upper part of the concentrate tank to gradually approach the inner conical filter cloth from top to bottom, thereby improving the defoaming effect of negative pressure suction. At the same time, the outer cylindrical filter cloth further absorbs and breaks up the foam that comes into contact with the inner circle of the concentrate tank under negative pressure, eliminating foam from both the inside and outside of the slurry, thus greatly improving the defoaming effect.

[0012] In summary, this invention can eliminate foam in the concentrate tank by changing the height of the foam layer in the concentrate tank, switching the spray mode of the spray water and operating the vacuum pump to create a small negative pressure inside the inner conical cavity and outer annular cavity, thereby breaking up the bubbles around the filter cloth. This provides a certain reference for solving the problem of difficult foam elimination in flotation concentrate.

[0013] Using this system for defoaming flotation concentrates can effectively eliminate the overflow of concentrate in the concentrate drum caused by the stable and long-term difficulty in breaking the foam in the gas-solid-liquid three-phase flotation, as well as the adverse effects on subsequent transportation and filtration. It also reduces wear and tear on equipment, saves mineral processing costs, and reduces environmental impact, thereby further improving the production stability and economic benefits of enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses an inner cone and outer ring defoaming system for flotation concentrate, comprising a PLC controller 15, a concentrate tank 16, a discharge pump 8, a spray water device, an inner cone-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container, an outer ring-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container, and a vacuum pump 13. The upper part of the concentrate tank 16 is provided with a feed pipe 2, the discharge pump 8 is connected to the lower part of the concentrate tank 16 through a discharge pipe 17, the spray water device is set at the top of the concentrate tank 16 and sprays water downwards, the inner cone-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container is set in the middle of the concentrate tank 16, the outer ring-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container is set in the inner wall of the concentrate tank 16, and the vacuum pump 13 is connected to the middle of the inner cone-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container and the outer ring-shaped air-permeable and liquid-permeable container through an air extraction pipe 11.

[0016] The inner port of the feed pipe 2 is connected to a guide trough 3, which is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the concentrate barrel 16 and has a discharge port 4 at the lower end.

[0017] The spray water device includes a hollow water distribution plate 1 horizontally set on the top of the concentrate drum 16. Several nozzles 19 are connected to the lower surface of the hollow water distribution plate 1. A water spray pipe 20 passing through the top of the concentrate drum 16 is connected to the center of the top of the hollow water distribution plate 1. A water spray solenoid valve 18 is installed on the water spray pipe 20.

[0018] The inner conical air-permeable and liquid-permeable container includes an upper conical support (not shown) that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, and a lower conical collecting funnel 10 that is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top. The lower end of the upper conical support and the upper end of the lower conical collecting funnel 10 are fixedly connected to form an internally permeable cavity structure. The outer circle of the lower end of the upper conical support is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the concentrate tank 16 by several horizontal support rods 6. The upper conical support is wrapped with an inner conical filter cloth 5. The air extraction pipe 11 is connected to the upper middle part of the upper conical support. The lower end of the lower conical collecting funnel 10 is equipped with an internal drain solenoid valve 12.

[0019] The outer annular permeable air and liquid container includes an upper annular plate 21 and a lower spiral annular plate 22. The outer circle of the upper annular plate 21 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner circle of the concentrate tank 16, and the outer circle of the lower spiral annular plate 22 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner circle of the concentrate tank 16. A cylindrical filter plate is fixedly provided between the inner circle of the upper annular plate 21 and the inner circle of the lower spiral annular plate 22. An annular cavity 23 is formed between the outer circle of the cylindrical filter plate and the inner circle of the concentrate tank 16. The inner circle of the cylindrical filter plate is wrapped with an outer cylindrical filter cloth 24. An external drain solenoid valve 25 is installed at the lowest point of the lower spiral annular plate 22.

[0020] A foam liquid level sensor 14 is fixedly installed in the upper part of the concentrate tank 16. The PLC controller 15 is connected to the foam liquid level sensor 14, the water spray solenoid valve 18, the vacuum pump 13, the internal drain solenoid valve 12, and the external drain solenoid valve 25 through control cables.

[0021] The working principle and process of this invention are as follows: the slurry enters the guide trough 3 from the feed pipe 2 and is discharged from the discharge port 4 at the lower end of the guide trough 3. The guide trough 3 is set on the inner wall of the concentrate tank 16, guiding the slurry to flow down the side wall of the concentrate tank 16, avoiding the slurry from directly impacting the upper conical support, and protecting the inner conical filter cloth 5 on the upper conical support. The lower part of the concentrate tank 16 is the slurry layer, which should be controlled to be lower than the inner drain solenoid valve 12 (the outer drain solenoid valve 25 is basically at the same height as the inner drain solenoid valve 12). The upper part of the concentrate tank 16 is a foam layer 9. When the slurry is continuously fed in, the internal drain solenoid valve 12 and the external drain solenoid valve 25 are closed. As the foam layer 9 continues to rise, when the foam layer 9 reaches a certain distance above the upper conical support, the foam liquid level sensor 14 transmits the foam layer 9 height signal to the PLC controller 15. The PLC controller 15 sends command signals to the water spray solenoid valve 18 and the vacuum pump 13. The water in the water spray pipe 20 enters the hollow water distribution plate 1 and finally sprays downwards at a low speed and small flow rate through several nozzles 19. At the same time, the vacuum pump 13 is started. Because the foam is relatively loose, the pressure required by the vacuum pump 13 is relatively small, causing the upper conical support and the annular cavity 23 to be affected. As the air pressure decreases, the foam around the upper conical support moves towards the surfaces of the inner conical filter cloth 5 and the outer cylindrical filter cloth 24, and undergoes a breakup process due to the negative pressure. Solid particles in the foam are trapped on the surface of the inner conical filter cloth 5 and slide downwards along the outer surface of the conical structure under their own gravity. Liquid in the foam passes through the inner conical filter cloth 5 and enters the interior of the upper conical support, further flowing into the lower conical collecting funnel 10. Simultaneously, solid particles in the foam in contact with the cylindrical filter cloth are trapped on its surface and slide downwards along its own gravity. Liquid in the foam passes through the cylindrical filter cloth and enters the interior of the annular cavity 23, further flowing into the lower spiral annular plate 22. Since the filtration mainly involves mineral foam, the filtrate volume is relatively small, and the required volumes of the lower conical collecting funnel 10 and the annular cavity 23 are also relatively small. As filtration progresses, the foam layer 9 gradually completes the defoaming process, and its height decreases. When the height of foam layer 9 decreases to a certain level (the lowest point of the inner conical filter cloth 5), the foam liquid level sensor 14 transmits the height signal of foam layer 9 to the PLC controller 15. The PLC controller 15 sends command signals to the water spray solenoid valve 18 and the vacuum pump 13. The vacuum pump 13 stops, the water spray pipe 20 starts the high-speed, low-flow rinsing mode, and the nozzle 19 sprays downwards to rinse away the residual mineral solids on the surfaces of the inner conical filter cloth 5 and the outer cylindrical filter cloth 24. This causes the mineral solids to slide further down the inner conical filter cloth 5 and the outer cylindrical filter cloth 24 into the slurry layer 7. At the same time, the inner drain solenoid valve 12 and the outer drain solenoid valve 25 open, and the filtered liquid enters the slurry layer 7 through the inner drain solenoid valve 12 and the outer drain solenoid valve 25 during operation. When the vacuum pump 13 stops, the foam height will further accumulate and increase.When the foam height reaches a certain level, the foam liquid level sensor 14 transmits the foam layer 9 height signal to the PLC controller 15. The PLC controller 15 sends command signals to the water spray solenoid valve 18, the internal drain solenoid valve 12, the external drain solenoid valve 25, and the vacuum pump 13. The water spray pipe 20 restarts the low-speed, low-flow spray mode, while the internal drain solenoid valve 12 and the external drain solenoid valve 25 close, and the vacuum pump 13 starts, repeating the previous working process. When discharge is required, the discharge pump 8 is turned on to discharge the defoamed slurry stored at the bottom of the concentrate tank 16.

[0022] The above embodiments illustrate the basic principles and features of the present invention, but are merely preferred embodiments and are not limited to these embodiments. Those skilled in the art, inspired by this patent, can make many modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of this patent and its protection should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cone-and-ring defoaming system for flotation concentrate, characterized in that: It includes a concentrate bucket, a discharge pump, a spray water device, an inner conical air-permeable and liquid-permeable container, an outer annular air-permeable and liquid-permeable container, and a vacuum pump. The upper side of the concentrate bucket is equipped with a feed pipe, the discharge pump is connected to the lower side of the concentrate bucket through the discharge pipe, the spray water device is set at the top of the concentrate bucket and sprays water downwards, the inner conical air-permeable and liquid-permeable container is set in the middle of the concentrate bucket, the outer annular air-permeable and liquid-permeable container is set on the inner wall of the concentrate bucket, and the vacuum pump is connected to both the inner conical air-permeable and liquid-permeable container and the outer annular air-permeable and liquid-permeable container through an air extraction pipe. The inner conical air-permeable and liquid-permeable container includes an upper conical support that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, and a lower conical collecting funnel that is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top. The lower end of the upper conical support and the upper end of the lower conical collecting funnel are fixedly connected to form an internally connected cavity structure. The outer circle of the lower end of the upper conical support is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the concentrate tank through several horizontal support rods. The upper conical support is wrapped with an inner conical filter cloth. The air extraction pipe is connected to the upper middle part of the upper conical support. The lower port of the lower conical collecting funnel is equipped with an internal liquid discharge solenoid valve. The outer annular permeable air and liquid container includes an upper annular plate and a lower spiral annular plate. The outer circle of the upper annular plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner circle of the concentrate tank, and the outer circle of the lower spiral annular plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner circle of the concentrate tank. A cylindrical filter plate is fixedly installed between the inner circles of the upper annular plate and the inner circles of the lower spiral annular plate. An annular cavity is formed between the outer circle of the cylindrical filter plate and the inner circle of the concentrate tank. The inner circle of the cylindrical filter plate is wrapped with an outer cylindrical filter cloth. An external drain solenoid valve is installed at the lowest point of the lower spiral annular plate.

2. The flotation concentrate inner cone outer ring defoaming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pipe is connected to a guide trough that is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the concentrate tank and has a discharge port at the lower end.

3. A flotation concentrate inner cone outer ring defoaming system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The spray water device includes a hollow water distribution plate horizontally set on the top of the concentrate drum. Several nozzles are connected to the lower surface of the hollow water distribution plate. A water spray pipe passing through the top of the concentrate drum is connected to the center of the top of the hollow water distribution plate. A water spray solenoid valve is installed on the water spray pipe.

4. The flotation concentrate inner cone outer ring defoaming system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a PLC controller. A foam liquid level height sensor is fixedly installed in the upper part of the concentrate tank. The PLC controller is connected to the foam liquid level height sensor, the water spray solenoid valve, the vacuum pump, the internal drain solenoid valve and the external drain solenoid valve through control cables.

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