A device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field working traction mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field work traction mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of field work traction mechanisms. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of the field work traction mechanism comprises a wheel track adjusting assembly, a distance detecting assembly and a horizontal stabilizing device. The wheel track adjusting assembly is arranged on the inner side of the wheel of the field work traction mechanism and is used for adjusting the wheel track of the field work traction mechanism. The distance detecting assembly is fixed on one side of the wheel track adjusting assembly and is used for detecting the wheel track of the field work traction mechanism. The horizontal stabilizing device is fixed on the wheel track adjusting assembly. The wheel track adjusting assembly comprises a groove and a fixing pin. The groove is arranged on the shaft of the field work traction mechanism. The device can solve the problem that the existing device for changing the wheel track of the field work traction mechanism causes the center of gravity of the wheel to deviate, thereby increasing the risk coefficient of the field work traction mechanism running in the farmland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of field operation traction mechanism, specifically, it relates to a device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, and field operations are an indispensable part of agricultural production. Field operations involve a series of steps, including planting, harvesting, and transportation, with the traction mechanism being the most critical component. Wheelbase is a crucial parameter of the traction mechanism, directly affecting the efficiency and quality of field operations. Therefore, research on devices that modify the wheelbase of field operation traction mechanisms has significant practical implications. First, changing the wheelbase allows the traction mechanism to adapt to different soil types and crop requirements, improving field operation efficiency. Second, adjusting the wheelbase optimizes the contact point between the traction mechanism and the ground during field operations, further enhancing efficiency. By adjusting the wheelbase, the traction mechanism can better adapt to different terrains, reducing unnecessary power loss and operating time, and improving the stability of the traction unit. Finally, devices that modify the wheelbase of field operation traction mechanisms can improve the quality of field operations.

[0003] However, existing devices that change the wheel track of field operation traction mechanisms are difficult to match the stability of integrated devices that fix the wheel track, which can cause the wheel center of gravity to shift, increasing the risk factor of field operation traction mechanisms operating in farmland. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a fully automatic device for changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism, which can solve the problem that existing devices for changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism are difficult to achieve the same stability as integrated devices for fixing the wheel track, and will cause the wheel center of gravity to shift, increasing the risk factor of the field operation traction mechanism operating in farmland.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a fully automatic device for changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism, comprising a wheel track adjustment component, a distance detection component, and a leveling device. The wheel track adjustment component is disposed inside the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism and is used to adjust the wheel track of the traction mechanism. The distance detection component is fixed to one side of the wheel track adjustment component and is used to detect the wheel track of the traction mechanism. The leveling device is fixed to the wheel track adjustment component and is used to monitor the level of the wheel track adjustment component.

[0007] The wheel track adjustment assembly includes a groove and a fixing pin. The groove is disposed on the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism, and the fixing pin is disposed between the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism for fixing the wheel and the shaft together. The inner wall of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism is provided with a protrusion, which is used to cooperate with the groove to adjust the wheel track size.

[0008] The technical effects of the fully automatic wheel track adjustment device for field operation traction mechanisms provided by this invention are as follows: By setting the wheel track adjustment component, the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism can be adjusted, enabling it to better adapt to the field operation environment and the planting needs of different crops; by setting the distance detection component, the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism can be monitored; by setting the horizontal stabilization device, the problem that existing devices for changing the wheel track of field operation traction mechanisms are difficult to achieve the same stability as integrated wheel track fixing devices, which can cause the wheel center of gravity to shift, increasing the risk factor of the field operation traction mechanism operating in farmland can be solved.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0010] The protrusion is spiral-shaped, and its thickness gradually increases from the center outwards during rotation, used to adjust the connection position between the groove and the protrusion; the outer wall width of the protrusion is the same as the inner wall width of the groove, used to secure the groove and the protrusion together; multiple through holes are evenly arranged on the protrusion, and the through holes are axially connected to the surface of the protrusion, used to fix the groove and the protrusion together by the fixing pin;

[0011] The depth of the groove is the minimum height of the protrusion, and it is used to adjust the distance between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism by rotating the groove on the protrusion.

[0012] The sidewalls on both sides of the protrusion are provided with protrusions in the same direction of rotation as the protrusion. The protrusions are made of hard rubber and are used to further engage the grooves on the protrusion. The height of the protrusions and the top of the protrusion are always consistent.

[0013] The inner wall of the groove is provided with a baffle corresponding to the protrusion on the raised sidewall. The baffle is made of flexible rubber, and the baffle and the protrusion are misaligned when engaged.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by setting the protrusion to be spiral and the thickness of the protrusion gradually increases from the center position to the outer circle during rotation, an inward force is given to the wheel, thereby realizing the adjustment of the wheel gauge of the field operation mechanism; by setting the protrusion and baffle, the squeezing force between the inner wall of the groove and the outer wall of the protrusion further strengthens the wheel and axle of the field operation mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixing pin includes a rod body, a head, an end, a thread, an anti-slip groove, and a spring washer. The rod body is circular, and the head is fixed between the rod body and the end. The rod body, the head, and the end are welded together as a single unit. The head passes through the through hole on the protrusion to fix the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The through hole on the protrusion has a first thread inside, corresponding to the thread, for screwing the fixing pin into the through hole of the protrusion. The anti-slip groove is provided at both ends of the side wall of the head, and the anti-slip groove is provided on both sides of the thread to increase the friction between the head and the protrusion. The anti-slip groove is sleeved on the end, and the size of the anti-slip groove is larger than the size of the groove to increase the contact area between the end, the groove, and the protrusion.

[0016] The groove has two holes inside, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the end, and the depth of which is 3-5 cm.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by setting the thread and the first thread, the groove and the protrusion are fixed, and the wheel and axle of the field operation mechanism are further fixed.

[0018] Furthermore, an electromagnetic fastener is provided inside the groove, which is used to further reinforce the connection between the groove and the protrusion;

[0019] The electromagnetic fastener includes an insulating shell, an armature, and a coil. A square hole is provided between two holes inside the groove, and the insulating shell is fixed in the square hole. One end of the armature is fixed inside the insulating shell, and the other end extends out of the insulating shell and contacts the surface of the square hole. The coil is sleeved on the armature inside the insulating shell. The coil is connected to a battery and is used to provide a magnetic field for the armature. The armature generates a magnetic force under the action of the magnetic field of the coil, which is used to attract the protrusion into the groove.

[0020] A switch is provided at the connection between the battery and the coil, and the switch is used to limit the energization of the coil.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by setting the electromagnetic fastener, an inward electromagnetic attraction force is provided to the protrusion, which can solve the problem that the existing devices for changing the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism are difficult to achieve the same stability as the integrated fixed wheel track device, which will cause the wheel center of gravity to shift and increase the risk factor of the field operation traction mechanism in the farmland.

[0022] Furthermore, the distance detection component includes a light source and a light receiver. The light source is a fixed light-emitting end, which is fixed at the middle position of one of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The light receiver is fixed at the middle position of the other wheel of the field operation traction mechanism. The positions of the light source and the light receiver correspond to each other.

[0023] The light source includes two laser light sources, with a distance of 1-3 cm between them, to maintain the stability of the intensity of the light emitted by the light source.

[0024] Furthermore, the optical receiver is a phototransistor, which includes an emitter, a base, and a collector. The emitter is used to emit electrons, the base is used to control the current between the emitter and the collector, and the collector is used to collect the electrons emitted by the emitter.

[0025] The emitter and the base are connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply, respectively. The collector is connected to an ammeter. The PN junction region between the emitter, the base, and the collector is aligned with the position of the light source. The light source illuminates the PN junction region, exciting electrons and holes to generate current. The ammeter is used to measure the magnitude of the generated current.

[0026] The emitter uses a lightly doped p-type semiconductor material to increase the number of emitted electrons; the base uses a heavily doped n-type semiconductor material to improve current amplification; and the collector uses a lightly doped p-type semiconductor material to increase the number of electrons.

[0027] Furthermore, the horizontal stabilization device includes a sensor, a controller, and an attitude adjustment system. The sensor is fixed to the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and is used to detect the stability of the wheel during rotation. The sensor is electrically connected to the controller, which receives and analyzes the rotational stability of the wheel detected by the sensor. The attitude adjustment system is electrically connected to the controller and is used to balance the stability of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism during rotation by adjusting the weight under the control of the controller.

[0028] Furthermore, the attitude adjustment system includes a track, a weight block, and an electromagnetic actuator. The track is fixed on the side of the field operation traction mechanism where the wheels are far apart from each other. The weight block is fixed to the track by the electromagnetic actuator. The weight block is used to maintain the center of gravity position of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The electromagnetic actuator is used to drive the weight block to move on the track.

[0029] The track is a cross-shaped mechanism, consisting of 8 tracks, the center of which is the same as the center of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism.

[0030] The electromagnetic driver adopts the structure of the electromagnetic driver disclosed in publication number CN107026552A (application number CN201610075175.8).

[0031] Furthermore, the sensor includes a gyroscope and an accelerometer. The gyroscope is used to detect the stability of the angular velocity of the wheel rotation of the field operation traction mechanism, and the accelerometer is used to detect the stability of the acceleration of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism during rotation.

[0032] Furthermore, the controller includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing program instructions, and the processor executing the program instructions to implement the following steps:

[0033] The data receiving step is used to receive the data signal transmitted by the sensor;

[0034] The data analysis steps are as follows: Analyzing the data signals detected by the sensor;

[0035] The steps for controlling movement are as follows: the electromagnetic actuator is electrically connected to control the movement of the weight block on the track, maintaining the center of gravity position of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism;

[0036] The specific steps by which the processor analyzes the data signal detected by the sensor include:

[0037] The first step is to preprocess the collected data, including noise removal, outlier handling, and data smoothing.

[0038] The second step is to use visualization tools to summarize the angular velocity and acceleration information of the wheels at different positions of the field operation traction mechanism collected by the sensors into charts for analysis.

[0039] The third step is to determine the center of gravity offset of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism based on the analysis structure.

[0040] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the fully automatic wheel track adjustment device for field operation traction mechanisms provided by this invention are as follows: By setting the wheel track adjustment component, the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism can be adjusted, enabling it to better adapt to the field operation environment and the planting needs of different crops; by setting the distance detection component, the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism can be monitored; by setting the horizontal stabilization device, the problem that existing devices for changing the wheel track of field operation traction mechanisms lack the same stability as integrated wheel track fixing devices, causing the wheel's center of gravity to shift and increasing the risk factor of the field operation traction mechanism operating in farmland, can be solved. By setting the protrusion to be spiral-shaped and the thickness of the protrusion gradually increases from the center position to the outer circle during rotation, an inward force is applied to the wheel, realizing the adjustment of different wheel tracks of the field operation mechanism; by setting the protrusion and baffle, the extrusion force between the inner wall of the groove and the outer wall of the protrusion further reinforces the wheel and axle of the field operation mechanism. By setting the thread and the first thread, the groove and the protrusion are fixed, further fixing the wheel and axle of the field operation mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fully automatic device for changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the fixing pin;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electromagnetic fastener;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the attitude adjustment system.

[0046] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0047] 10. Wheelbase adjustment assembly; 11. Groove; 12. Fixing pin; 121. Rod body; 122. Head; 123. End; 124. Thread; 125. Anti-slip groove; 126. Spring washer; 13. Protrusion; 14. Electromagnetic fastener; 141. Insulating shell; 142. Armature; 143. Coil; 20. Distance detection assembly; 21. Light source; 22. Light receiver; 30. Horizontal stabilization device; 31. Sensor; 32. Controller; 33. Attitude adjustment system; 331. Track; 332. Weight block; 333. Electromagnetic actuator. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] like Figures 1-4 The diagram shows a fully automatic device for changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to the present invention. The device includes a wheel track adjustment component 10, a distance detection component 20, and a leveling device 30. The wheel track adjustment component 10 is disposed inside the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism and is used to adjust the wheel track. The distance detection component 20 is fixed to one side of the wheel track adjustment component 10 and is used to detect the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism. The leveling device 30 is fixed to the wheel track adjustment component 10 and is used to monitor the level of the wheel track adjustment component 10.

[0050] The wheel track adjustment assembly 10 includes a groove 11 and a fixing pin 12. The groove 11 is disposed on the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism, and the fixing pin 12 is disposed between the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism for fixing the wheel and the shaft. A protrusion 13 is provided on the inner wall of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism, and the protrusion 13 is used to cooperate with the groove 11 to adjust the wheel track size.

[0051] When in use, after parking, remove the fixing pin 12, loosen the groove 11 and the protrusion 13, and use the power output of the traction mechanism itself to the middle shaft to make it rotate, so that the protrusion 13 slides in the groove 11 in a rotating manner. After adjusting the distance between the two wheels, install the fixing pin 12 to fix the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 in place. After the wheel track is adjusted, the wheel track of the field operation traction device is detected by the distance detection component 20. During operation, the center of gravity of the wheels is adjusted in real time by the horizontal stabilization device 30 to ensure the stability of the field operation traction device.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the protrusion 13 is spiral-shaped, and the thickness of the protrusion 13 gradually increases from the center position to the outer circle during rotation, which is used to adjust the connection position between the groove 11 and the protrusion 13; the outer wall width of the protrusion 13 is the same as the inner wall width of the groove 11, which is used to snap the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 into one piece; multiple through holes are evenly provided on the protrusion 13, and the through holes are axially connected to the surface of the protrusion 13, which is used to fix the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 to a fixed connection by the fixing pin 12;

[0053] The depth of the groove 11 is the minimum height of the protrusion 13, and it is used to adjust the distance between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism by rotating the groove 11 on the protrusion 13.

[0054] The sidewalls on both sides of the protrusion 13 are provided with protrusions in the same direction of rotation as the protrusion 13. The protrusions are made of hard rubber and are used to further engage the groove 11 on the protrusion 13. The height of the protrusions and the top of the protrusion 13 is always consistent.

[0055] The inner wall of the groove 11 is provided with a baffle corresponding to the protrusion on the side wall of the protrusion 13. The baffle is made of flexible rubber, and the baffle and the protrusion are misaligned when they are engaged.

[0056] When in use, after parking, remove the fixing pin 12, loosen the groove 11 and the protrusion 13, and use the power output of the traction mechanism itself to the middle shaft to make it rotate, so that the protrusion 13 slides inside the groove 11 in a rotating manner. After adjusting the distance between the two wheels, install the fixing pin 12 to fix the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 in a fixed connection. During the rotation, the protrusions and stops in the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 provide mutual support and are pressed against the outer wall of the protrusion 13 and the inner wall of the groove 11, further fixing the groove 11 and the protrusion 13.

[0057] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the fixing pin 12 includes a rod body 121, a head 122, an end 123, a thread 124, an anti-slip groove 125, and a spring washer 126. The rod body 121 is circular, and the head 122 is fixed between the rod body 121 and the end 123. The rod body 121, the head 122, and the end 123 are welded together as one unit. It is used to pass through the through hole on the protrusion 13 to fix the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The through hole on the protrusion 13 An internal first thread, corresponding to thread 124, is provided to screw the fixing pin 12 into the through hole of the protrusion 13; anti-slip grooves 125 are provided at both ends of the side wall of the head 122, and the anti-slip grooves 125 are provided on both sides of the thread 124 to increase the friction between the head 122 and the protrusion 13; an anti-slip groove 125 is fitted on the end 123, and the size of the anti-slip groove 125 is larger than the size of the groove 11 to increase the contact area between the end 123, the groove 11, and the protrusion 13;

[0058] The groove 11 has two holes inside, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the end 123, and the depth of which is 3-5cm.

[0059] When in use, after parking, remove the fixing pin 12, loosen the groove 11 and the protrusion 13, and use the power output of the traction mechanism itself to the middle shaft to make it rotate, so that the protrusion 13 slides in the groove 11. After adjusting the distance between the two wheels, install the fixing pin 12, align the through hole on the protrusion 13 with the hole inside the groove 11, put the spring washer 126 on the head 122, hold the rod body 121, and insert it into the through hole of the protrusion 13 from the side where the wheels are far apart. Through the rotational engagement between the thread 124 and the first thread, fix the fixing pin 12 between the groove 11 and the protrusion 13.

[0060] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an electromagnetic fastener 14 is provided inside the groove 11, which is used to further strengthen the connection between the groove 11 and the protrusion 13.

[0061] The electromagnetic fastener 14 includes an insulating shell 141, an armature 142, and a coil 143. A square hole is provided between two holes inside the groove 11, and the insulating shell 141 is fixed in the square hole. One end of the armature 142 is fixed inside the insulating shell 141, and the other end extends out of the insulating shell 141 and contacts the surface of the square hole. The coil 143 is sleeved on the armature 142 inside the insulating shell 141. The coil 143 is connected to a battery and is used to provide a magnetic field for the armature 142. The armature 142 generates a magnetic force under the action of the magnetic field of the coil 143, which is used to attract the protrusion 13 into the groove 11.

[0062] A switch is provided at the connection between the battery and the coil 143, which is used to limit the energization of the coil 143.

[0063] In use, when the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 are fixedly connected by the fixing pin 12, the switch is turned on, so that the coil 143 is energized and generates a magnetic field. The armature 142 generates a magnetic force under the action of the magnetic field, which tightly connects the protrusion 13 and the coil 143.

[0064] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the distance detection component 20 includes a light source 21 and a light receiver 22. The light source 21 is a fixed light-emitting end, which is fixed in the middle of one of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The light receiver 22 is fixed in the middle of the other wheel of the field operation traction mechanism. The positions of the light source 21 and the light receiver 22 correspond to each other.

[0065] The light source 21 includes two laser light sources, with a distance of 1-3 cm between them, to maintain the stability of the intensity of the light emitted by the light source 21.

[0066] In use, the light source 21 emits light horizontally, and the light receiver 22 generates an electric current after receiving the light emitted by the light source 21. The distance between the two wheels is detected by the magnitude of the current.

[0067] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the optical receiver 22 is a phototransistor, which includes an emitter, a base, and a collector. The emitter is used to emit electrons, the base is used to control the current between the emitter and the collector, and the collector is used to collect the electrons emitted by the emitter.

[0068] The emitter and base are connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply, respectively, and the collector is connected to the ammeter. The PN junction region between the emitter, base, and collector is aligned with the position of the light source 21. The light source 21 illuminates the PN junction region to excite electrons and holes to generate current. The ammeter is used to measure the magnitude of the generated current.

[0069] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the horizontal stabilization device 30 includes a sensor 31, a controller 32, and an attitude adjustment system 33. The sensor 31 is fixed on the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and is used to detect the stability of the wheel during rotation. The sensor 31 is electrically connected to the controller 32, which is used to receive and analyze the rotational stability of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism detected by the sensor 31. The attitude adjustment system 33 is electrically connected to the controller 32 and is used to balance the stability of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism during rotation by adjusting the weight under the control of the controller 32.

[0070] During use, sensor 31 monitors the angular velocity and acceleration of the wheel rotation in real time during the operation of the field operation traction mechanism and transmits the data to controller 32. After analyzing the data, controller 32 controls attitude adjustment system 33 to adjust the center of gravity of the wheel to ensure the stability of the field operation traction device.

[0071] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the attitude adjustment system 33 includes a track 331, a weight block 332, and an electromagnetic actuator 333. The track 331 is fixed on the side of the field operation traction mechanism where the wheels are far apart from each other. The weight block 332 is fixed to the track 331 by the electromagnetic actuator 333. The weight block 332 is used to maintain the center of gravity position of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The electromagnetic actuator 333 is used to drive the weight block 332 to move on the track 331.

[0072] Track 331 is a cross-shaped mechanism, consisting of 8 tracks, the center of which is the same as the center of the wheel of the traction mechanism in field operations.

[0073] During use, sensor 31 monitors the angular velocity and acceleration of the wheel rotation in real time during the operation of the field operation traction mechanism and transmits the data to controller 32. After analyzing the data, controller 32 controls the weight block 332 to move on track 331 under the action of electromagnetic driver 333, adjusts the center of gravity of the wheel, and ensures the stability of the field operation traction device.

[0074] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, sensor 31 includes a gyroscope and an accelerometer. The gyroscope is used to detect the stability of the angular velocity of the wheel rotation of the field operation traction mechanism, and the accelerometer is used to detect the stability of the acceleration of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism during rotation.

[0075] In use, after parking, remove the fixing pin 12, loosen the groove 11 and protrusion 13, and use the power output of the traction mechanism itself to rotate the central shaft, causing the protrusion 13 to slide rotatably inside the groove 11. After adjusting the distance between the two wheels, install the fixing pin 12, aligning the through hole on the protrusion 13 with the hole inside the groove 11. Place the spring washer 126 on the head 122, hold the rod body 121, and insert it into the through hole of the protrusion 13 from the side where the wheels are far apart. Through the rotational engagement between the thread 124 and the first thread, fix the fixing pin 12 between the groove 11 and the protrusion 13, thus fixing the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 together. During rotation, the groove 11 and the protrusion... The protrusions and stops in 13 provide mutual support and press against the outer wall of protrusion 13 and the inner wall of groove 11, further fixing groove 11 and protrusion 13; after the wheel track adjustment is completed, light source 21 emits light horizontally, and light receiver 22 generates current after receiving the light emitted by light source 21, and detects the distance between the two wheels by the magnitude of the current; sensor 31 monitors the angular velocity and acceleration of the wheel rotation in real time during the operation of the field operation traction mechanism, and transmits the data to controller 32. After analyzing the data, controller 32 controls weight block 332 to move on track 331 under the action of electromagnetic driver 333, adjusts the center of gravity of the wheel, and ensures the stability of the operation of the field operation traction device.

[0076] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the controller 32 includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores program instructions, and when the processor executes the program instructions, it performs the following steps:

[0077] The data receiving steps are as follows: This step involves receiving data signals transmitted by sensor 31.

[0078] The steps of data analysis are as follows: Analysis of the data signals detected by sensor 31;

[0079] The steps for controlling movement are as follows: It is electrically connected to the electromagnetic actuator 333 to control the movement of the weight block 332 on the track 331 and maintain the center of gravity position of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism.

[0080] The specific steps by which the processor analyzes the data signal detected by sensor 31 include:

[0081] The first step is to preprocess the collected data, including noise removal, outlier handling, and data smoothing.

[0082] The second step is to use visualization tools to summarize the angular velocity and acceleration information of the wheels at different positions of the field operation traction mechanism collected by sensor 31 into charts for analysis.

[0083] The third step is to determine the center of gravity offset of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism based on the analysis structure.

[0084] Example 1:

[0085] The system includes a wheel track adjustment component 10, a distance detection component 20, and a leveling device 30. The wheel track adjustment component 10 is installed inside the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and is used to adjust the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism. The distance detection component 20 is fixed to one side of the wheel track adjustment component 10 and is used to detect the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism. The leveling device 30 is fixed on the wheel track adjustment component 10 and is used to monitor the level of the wheel track adjustment component 10. The wheel track adjustment component 10 includes a groove 11 and a fixing pin 12. The groove 11 is installed on the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism, and the fixing pin 12 is installed between the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism for fixing the wheel and the shaft. The inner wall of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism is provided with a protrusion 13, which is used to apply axial force to the field operation traction mechanism. The protrusion 13 is spiral-shaped, and its thickness gradually increases from the center outwards during rotation, used to adjust the connection position between the groove 11 and the protrusion 13. The outer wall width of the protrusion 13 is the same as the inner wall width of the groove 11, used to secure the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 together. Multiple through holes are evenly distributed on the protrusion 13, axially extending through its surface, used to fix the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 together using the fixing pin 12. The depth of the groove 11 is equal to the minimum height of the protrusion 13. The groove 11 is used to adjust the distance between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism by rotating it on the protrusion 13. The side walls on both sides of the protrusion 13 are provided with protrusions in the same direction of rotation as the protrusion 13. The protrusions are made of hard rubber and are used to further engage the groove 11 on the protrusion 13. The height of the protrusions and the top of the protrusion 13 is always consistent. The inner wall of the groove 11 is provided with baffles corresponding to the protrusions on the side walls of the protrusion 13. The baffles are made of flexible rubber and the baffles and protrusions are staggered when engaged. The fixing pin 12 includes a rod body 121, a head 122, an end 123, a thread 124, an anti-slip groove 125, and a spring washer 126. The rod body 121 is circular. The head 122 is fixed between the rod body 121 and the end 123. The rod body 121, the head 122, and the end 123 are welded together as one piece. It is used to pass through the through hole on the protrusion 13 to fix the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The through hole on the protrusion 13 is provided with a first thread, corresponding to the thread 124, for fixing the fixing pin. 12 is spirally inserted into the through hole of protrusion 13; anti-slip grooves 125 are provided at both ends of the side wall of the head 122, and the anti-slip grooves 125 are provided on both sides of the thread 124 to increase the friction between the head 122 and the protrusion 13; an anti-slip groove 125 is sleeved on the end 123, and the size of the anti-slip groove 125 is larger than the size of the groove 11 to increase the contact area between the end 123, the groove 11, and the protrusion 13; the groove 11 has two holes inside, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the end 123, and the depth of which is 3cm.The distance detection component 20 includes a light source 21 and a light receiver 22. The light source 21 is a fixed light-emitting end, which is fixed in the middle of one of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The light receiver 22 is fixed in the middle of the other wheel of the field operation traction mechanism. The positions of the light source 21 and the light receiver 22 correspond to each other. The light source 21 includes two laser light sources, and the distance between the two laser light sources is 1 cm, which is used to maintain the stability of the intensity of the light emitted by the light source 21.

[0086] Example 2:

[0087] The system includes a wheel track adjustment component 10, a distance detection component 20, and a leveling device 30. The wheel track adjustment component 10 is installed inside the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and is used to adjust the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism. The distance detection component 20 is fixed to one side of the wheel track adjustment component 10 and is used to detect the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism. The leveling device 30 is fixed on the wheel track adjustment component 10 and is used to monitor the level of the wheel track adjustment component 10. The wheel track adjustment component 10 includes a groove 11 and a fixing pin 12. The groove 11 is installed on the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism, and the fixing pin 12 is installed between the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism for fixing the wheel and the shaft. The inner wall of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism is provided with a protrusion 13, which is used to apply axial force to the field operation traction mechanism. The protrusion 13 is spiral-shaped, and its thickness gradually increases from the center outwards during rotation, used to adjust the connection position between the groove 11 and the protrusion 13. The outer wall width of the protrusion 13 is the same as the inner wall width of the groove 11, used to secure the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 together. Multiple through holes are evenly distributed on the protrusion 13, axially extending through its surface, used to fix the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 together using the fixing pin 12. The depth of the groove 11 is equal to the minimum height of the protrusion 13. The groove 11 is used to adjust the distance between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism by rotating it on the protrusion 13. The side walls on both sides of the protrusion 13 are provided with protrusions in the same direction of rotation as the protrusion 13. The protrusions are made of hard rubber and are used to further engage the groove 11 on the protrusion 13. The height of the protrusions and the top of the protrusion 13 is always consistent. The inner wall of the groove 11 is provided with baffles corresponding to the protrusions on the side walls of the protrusion 13. The baffles are made of flexible rubber and the baffles and protrusions are staggered when engaged. The fixing pin 12 includes a rod body 121, a head 122, an end 123, a thread 124, an anti-slip groove 125, and a spring washer 126. The rod body 121 is circular. The head 122 is fixed between the rod body 121 and the end 123. The rod body 121, the head 122, and the end 123 are welded together as one piece. It is used to pass through the through hole on the protrusion 13 to fix the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The through hole on the protrusion 13 is provided with a first thread, corresponding to the thread 124, for fixing the fixing pin. 12 spirals into the through hole of protrusion 13; anti-slip grooves 125 are provided at both ends of the side wall of the head 122, and the anti-slip grooves 125 are provided on both sides of the thread 124 to increase the friction between the head 122 and the protrusion 13; an anti-slip groove 125 is sleeved on the end 123, and the size of the anti-slip groove 125 is larger than the size of the groove 11 to increase the contact area between the end 123, the groove 11, and the protrusion 13; the groove 11 has two holes inside, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the end 123, and the depth of which is 5cm.The distance detection component 20 includes a light source 21 and a light receiver 22. The light source 21 is a fixed light-emitting end, which is fixed in the middle of one of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The light receiver 22 is fixed in the middle of the other wheel of the field operation traction mechanism. The positions of the light source 21 and the light receiver 22 correspond to each other. The light source 21 includes two laser light sources, and the distance between the two laser light sources is 3cm, which is used to maintain the stability of the intensity of the light emitted by the light source 21.

[0088] Specifically, the principle of this invention is as follows: After parking, the fixing pin 12 is removed, the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 are loosened, and the power output of the traction mechanism itself is sent to the central shaft to make it rotate, so that the protrusion 13 slides rotatably inside the groove 11. After adjusting the distance between the two wheels, the fixing pin 12 is installed, and the through hole on the protrusion 13 is aligned with the hole inside the groove 11. The spring washer 126 is fitted onto the head 122. Holding the rod body 121, it is inserted into the through hole of the protrusion 13 from the side where the wheels are far apart. Through the rotational engagement between the thread 124 and the first thread, the fixing pin 12 is fixed between the groove 11 and the protrusion 13, and the groove 11 and the protrusion 13 are fixedly connected. During rotation, the groove... The protrusions and stops in the protrusion 11 and the protrusion 13 provide mutual support and are pressed against the outer wall of the protrusion 13 and the inner wall of the groove 11, further fixing the groove 11 and the protrusion 13. After the wheel track adjustment is completed, the light source 21 emits light horizontally. The light receiver 22 receives the light emitted by the light source 21 and generates current. The distance between the two wheels is detected by the magnitude of the current. The sensor 31 monitors the angular velocity and acceleration of the wheel rotation in real time during the operation of the field operation traction mechanism and transmits the data to the controller 32. After analyzing the data, the controller 32 controls the weight block 332 to move on the track 331 under the action of the electromagnetic driver 333 to maintain the center of gravity of the wheel and ensure the stability of the field operation traction device.

Claims

1. A device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism, characterized in that, The system includes a wheel track adjustment assembly (10), a distance detection assembly (20), and a leveling device (30). The wheel track adjustment assembly (10) is disposed inside the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism and is used to adjust the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism. The distance detection assembly (20) is fixed to one side of the wheel track adjustment assembly (10) and is used to detect the wheel track of the field operation traction mechanism. The leveling device (30) is fixed to the wheel track adjustment assembly (10) and is used to monitor the level of the wheel track adjustment assembly (10). The wheel track adjustment assembly (10) includes a groove (11) and a fixing pin (12). The groove (11) is disposed on the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism, and the fixing pin (12) is disposed between the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism for fixing the wheel and the shaft. A protrusion (13) is provided on the inner wall of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism, and the protrusion (13) is used to cooperate with the groove (11) to adjust the wheel track size. The protrusion (13) is spiral-shaped, and the thickness of the protrusion (13) gradually increases from the center position to the outer circle during rotation, which is used to adjust the connection position between the groove (11) and the protrusion (13); the outer wall width of the protrusion (13) is the same as the inner wall width of the groove (11), which is used to lock the groove (11) and the protrusion (13) into one piece; multiple through holes are evenly arranged on the protrusion (13), and the through holes are axially connected to the surface of the protrusion (13), which is used to fix the groove (11) and the protrusion (13) together by the fixing pin (12); the depth of the groove (11) is the minimum height of the protrusion (13), which is used to adjust the distance between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism by rotating the groove (11) on the protrusion (13); The sidewalls on both sides of the protrusion (13) are provided with protrusions in the same direction of rotation as the protrusion (13). The protrusions are made of hard rubber and are used to further engage the groove (11) on the protrusion (13). The height of the protrusions and the top of the protrusion (13) is always consistent. The inner wall of the groove (11) is provided with a baffle corresponding to the protrusion on the side wall of the protrusion (13). The baffle is made of flexible rubber and the baffle and the protrusion are misaligned when they are engaged.

2. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing pin (12) includes a rod body (121), a head (122), an end (123), a thread (124), an anti-slip groove (125), and a spring washer (126). The rod body (121) is circular. The head (122) is fixed between the rod body (121) and the end (123). The rod body (121), the head (122), and the end (123) are welded together. The pin is used to pass through the through hole on the protrusion (13) to fix the shaft of the field operation traction mechanism between the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The through hole on the protrusion (13) is provided with a first thread, which is connected to the through hole. The thread (124) corresponds to the thread used to screw the fixing pin (12) into the through hole of the protrusion (13); the anti-slip groove (125) is provided at both ends of the side wall of the head (122), and the anti-slip groove (125) is provided on both sides of the thread (124) to increase the friction between the head (122) and the protrusion (13); the anti-slip groove (125) is sleeved on the end (123), and the size of the anti-slip groove (125) is larger than the size of the groove (11) to increase the contact area between the end (123) and the groove (11) and the protrusion (13); The groove (11) has two holes inside, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the end (123), and the depth of which is 3-5 cm.

3. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, An electromagnetic fastener (14) is provided inside the groove (11), and the electromagnetic fastener (14) is used to further reinforce the connection between the groove (11) and the protrusion (13). The electromagnetic fastener (14) includes an insulating shell (141), an armature (142), and a coil (143). A square hole is provided between the two holes inside the groove (11), and the insulating shell (141) is fixed in the square hole. One end of the armature (142) is fixed inside the insulating shell (141), and the other end extends out of the insulating shell (141) and contacts the surface of the square hole. The coil (143) is sleeved on the armature (142) inside the insulating shell (141). The coil (143) is connected to a battery and is used to provide a magnetic field for the armature (142). The armature (142) generates a magnetic force under the action of the magnetic field of the coil (143) to attract the protrusion (13) into the groove (11). A switch is provided at the connection between the battery and the coil (143), and the switch is used to limit the energization of the coil (143).

4. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance detection component (20) includes a light source (21) and a light receiver (22). The light source (21) is a fixed light-emitting end, which is fixed in the middle of one of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The light receiver (22) is fixed in the middle of the other wheel of the field operation traction mechanism. The positions of the light source (21) and the light receiver (22) correspond to each other. The light source (21) includes two laser light sources, with a distance of 1-3 cm between the two laser light sources, which is used to maintain the stability of the intensity of the light emitted by the light source (21).

5. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The light receiver (22) is a phototransistor, which includes an emitter, a base, and a collector. The emitter is used to emit electrons, the base is used to control the current between the emitter and the collector, and the collector is used to collect the electrons emitted by the emitter. The emitter and the base are connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply, respectively. The collector is connected to an ammeter. The PN junction region between the emitter, the base, and the collector is aligned with the position of the light source (21). The light source (21) irradiates the PN junction region to excite electrons and holes to generate current. The ammeter is used to measure the magnitude of the generated current.

6. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal stabilization device (30) includes a sensor (31), a controller (32), and an attitude adjustment system (33). The sensor (31) is fixed on the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism and is used to detect the stability of the wheel during rotation. The sensor (31) is electrically connected to the controller (32), and the controller (32) is used to receive and analyze the rotational stability of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism detected by the sensor (31). The attitude adjustment system (33) is electrically connected to the controller (32) and is used to balance the stability of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism during rotation by adjusting the weight under the control of the controller (32).

7. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The attitude adjustment system (33) includes a track (331), a weight block (332), and an electromagnetic actuator (333). The track (331) is fixed on the side of the field operation traction mechanism where the wheels are far apart from each other. The weight block (332) is fixed on the track (331) by the electromagnetic actuator (333). The weight block (332) is used to adjust the center of gravity of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism. The electromagnetic actuator (333) is used to drive the weight block (332) to move on the track (331). The track (331) is a cross-shaped mechanism, comprising 8 tracks, the center of which is the same as the center of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism.

8. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sensor (31) includes a gyroscope and an accelerometer. The gyroscope is used to detect the stability of the angular velocity of the wheel rotation of the field operation traction mechanism, and the accelerometer is used to detect the stability of the acceleration of the wheel of the field operation traction mechanism during rotation.

9. The device for automatically changing the wheel track of a field operation traction mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controller (32) includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing program instructions, and the processor executing the program instructions to perform the following steps: The data receiving steps are as follows: This step involves receiving the data signal transmitted by the sensor (31). The steps of data analysis are as follows: to analyze the data signals detected by the sensor (31); The steps for controlling movement are as follows: the electromagnetic actuator (333) is electrically connected to control the movement of the weight block (332) on the track (331) to maintain the center of gravity position of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism; The specific steps by which the processor analyzes the data signal detected by the sensor (31) include: The first step is to preprocess the collected data, including noise removal, outlier handling, and data smoothing. The second step is to use visualization tools to summarize the angular velocity and acceleration information of the wheels at different positions of the field operation traction mechanism collected by the sensor (31) into charts for analysis; The third step is to determine the center of gravity offset of the wheels of the field operation traction mechanism based on the analysis structure.

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