A camouflage nylon fiber against visible light and near infrared light detection and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of camouflage nylon fiber and its preparation method of visible light and near infrared light detection prevention, belong to textile technical field.The camouflage nylon fiber of the present application includes skin layer and core layer;The skin layer includes nylon material and functional adjuvant, and the mass ratio of the nylon material and functional adjuvant is 85-95:10-14;The functional adjuvant includes: green color powder 6-12 parts, red color powder 0.1-0.9 parts, yellow color powder 0.1-2 parts and absorbent 0.01-0.2 parts by mass parts;The core layer is prepared from nylon material.The skin layer of the camouflage nylon fiber of the present application provides the characteristics of optical camouflage, core layer provides strength, thereby solve the adverse effect of functional adjuvant on spinning performance and fiber strength;The prepared fiber is directly made into clothes, tent etc., and does not need to be subjected to post finishing again, environmental protection is not pollution, and air permeability, moisture absorption performance is excellent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile technology, and in particular relates to a camouflage nylon fiber that is protected against visible light and near-infrared light detection, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Visible light and near-infrared reconnaissance and detection is one of the most common and mature detection technologies in the military. Its working principle is mainly based on the difference in visible light and near-infrared reflectivity between the target and the background, which will produce a large contrast on the detector, thereby detecting the target in the background.

[0003] Currently, the most common camouflage method is achieved through coating finishing. There is a lot of research on this both domestically and internationally, and the technology is relatively mature. However, the disadvantages of this method are that the moisture absorption and breathability of the fabric decrease after coating, and the finishing process involves solvents and wastewater, which has a certain impact on the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a camouflage nylon fiber that is resistant to visible light and near-infrared light detection and its preparation method. The camouflage nylon fiber can be directly woven into clothing, tents, etc. without further finishing. It is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and has excellent breathability and moisture absorption properties. Moreover, its reflectivity in the visible light and near-infrared region is similar to that of green vegetation, thus achieving a camouflage effect.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a camouflage nylon fiber that protects against visible and near-infrared light detection, comprising a sheath and a core layer; the sheath comprises nylon material and functional additives, wherein the mass ratio of the nylon material to the functional additives is 85-95:10-14; the functional additives, by mass parts, comprise: 6-12 parts of green pigment, 0.1-0.9 parts of red pigment, 0.1-2 parts of yellow pigment, and 0.01-0.2 parts of absorbent; the core layer is made of nylon material.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the nylon material is bio-based nylon 56.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the skin layer to the core layer is 3-7:3-7.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the absorbent is selected from graphene oxide.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the green pigment, red pigment, yellow pigment and absorbent is independently 2μm-60μm; the green pigment is phthalocyanine green.

[0010] Furthermore, the particle size of the green pigment, red pigment, yellow pigment, and absorbent is independently 2μm-15μm.

[0011] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the aforementioned camouflage nylon fiber that resists visible and near-infrared light detection, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1, green pigment powder, red pigment powder, yellow pigment powder and absorbent are dried and ground to obtain functional additives;

[0013] S2. Granulate the dried nylon material and the functional additives described in S1, and obtain disguised nylon masterbatch by water cooling, air drying and pelletizing.

[0014] S3. Using dried nylon material as the core material and the camouflage nylon masterbatch mentioned in S2 as the skin material, the nylon fiber is obtained by screw melting, extrusion through a core-skin structure spinneret, followed by air cooling and stretching to prevent visible light and near-infrared light detection.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the drying is performed in an oven at 95°C-105°C for 2-5 hours.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the grinding is performed intermittently at a speed of 500rpm-600rpm for a grinding time of 15min-25min, with an interval time of 15min-25min, and a total time of 120min-160min.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the granulation temperature is 220°C-290°C.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S2 and S3, the dried nylon material is nylon material that has been vacuum dried at 95℃-105℃ for 2h-5h and whose water content is controlled at 500ppm±50ppm.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S3, the temperature at which the screw melts is 230°C-295°C.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] (1) The preparation method of the present invention first uses green pigment, red pigment, yellow pigment and absorbent as functional additives; then uses functional additives and nylon material to granulate to obtain optical camouflage nylon masterbatch; finally uses optical camouflage nylon masterbatch as skin material and nylon material as core material to prepare camouflage nylon fiber that is protected against visible light and near-infrared light detection. The skin provides optical camouflage characteristics and the core provides strength, thereby solving the adverse effects of functional additives on spinning performance and fiber strength; the prepared fiber can be directly made into clothing, tents, etc., without the need for further finishing, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and has excellent breathability and moisture absorption properties.

[0022] (2) The green pigment in the camouflage nylon fiber that protects against visible light and near-infrared light detection described in this invention is phthalocyanine green. Because chlorophyll in green vegetation contains porphyrin rings, and the molecular structure of phthalocyanine green is similar to that of porphyrin rings, it can effectively mimic green vegetation in nature.

[0023] (3) The absorber in the camouflage nylon fiber for protection against visible and near-infrared light detection described in this invention is single-layer, double-layer, or triple-layer graphene oxide. Graphene possesses excellent optical properties, exhibiting extremely low reflectivity in the near-infrared band. A single layer of graphene reflects less than 0.1% of the incident light, and the reflectivity increases with increasing sheet thickness. Therefore, the addition of graphene in this invention effectively adjusts the reflectivity of the material. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the camouflaged nylon fiber used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention to prevent detection by visible and near-infrared light.

[0026] Figure 2 A photograph of the green vegetation used in the testing of this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 The graph shows the reflectance curves of camouflaged nylon fibers with different amounts of graphene oxide added, as shown in Test Example 3 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0032] The experimental materials involved in this invention are:

[0033] The green pigment was purchased from Jinhongyan Chemical Products Co., Ltd., and its model is Phthalocyanine Green.

[0034] The red pigment was purchased from Blue Paint Co., Ltd., and its model is Organic Red Pigment 122.

[0035] The yellow pigment was purchased from Blue Paint Co., Ltd., and the model is organic yellow pigment.

[0036] The graphene oxide was purchased from Siyan New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The camouflage nylon fiber for protection against visible and near-infrared light detection and its preparation method of the present invention specifically include the following steps:

[0039] S1. Preparation of functional additives:

[0040] Ten parts of green pigment, 0.3 parts of red pigment, 2 parts of yellow pigment and 0.03 parts of graphene oxide were dried in an oven at 100℃ for 4 hours, and then intermittently ground at 500 rpm (the volume ratio of stainless steel beads to powder was 1:2) for 20 minutes, with a 20-minute interval, for a total time of 120 minutes to obtain the functional additive.

[0041] S2, Preparation of Disguised PA56 Masterbatch

[0042] Drying of S21 and PA56 slices: PA56 slices were vacuum dried at 100℃ for 4 hours, with the water content controlled at 500ppm;

[0043] S22, 87.67 parts of dried PA56 chips and 12.33 parts of functional additives were melt-extruded and granulated by screw extrusion at 220℃-270℃, and then water-cooled, air-dried and pelletized to obtain disguised PA56 masterbatch;

[0044] Preparation of S3 and camouflaged PA56 fibers

[0045] Using 60 parts of dried PA56 chips as the core material and 40 parts of camouflaged PA56 masterbatch as the skin material, the fibers are melted by a screw at 230℃-275℃, extruded by a core-skin structure spinneret, cooled by side blowing at room temperature, stretched, and wound at a speed of 4000m / min to obtain camouflaged nylon fibers that are resistant to visible light and near-infrared light detection.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The camouflage nylon fiber for protection against visible and near-infrared light detection and its preparation method of the present invention specifically include the following steps:

[0048] S1. Preparation of functional additives:

[0049] 10 parts green pigment, 0.3 parts red pigment, 2 parts yellow pigment and 0.05 parts graphene oxide were dried in an oven at 100℃ for 4 hours, and then intermittently ground at 600 rpm (the volume ratio of stainless steel beads to powder was 1:2) for 20 minutes, with a 20-minute interval, for a total time of 160 minutes to obtain the functional additive.

[0050] S2, Preparation of Disguised PA56 Masterbatch

[0051] Drying of S21 and PA56 slices: PA56 slices were vacuum dried at 100℃ for 4 hours, with the water content controlled at 500ppm;

[0052] S22, 87.65 parts of dried PA56 chips and 12.35 parts of functional additives were melt-extruded and granulated by screw extrusion at 220℃-270℃, and then water-cooled, air-dried and pelletized to obtain disguised PA56 masterbatch;

[0053] Preparation of S3 and camouflaged PA56 fibers

[0054] Using 70 parts of dried PA56 chips as the core material and 30 parts of camouflaged PA56 masterbatch as the skin material, the fibers are melted by a screw at 230℃-275℃, extruded by a core-skin structure spinneret, cooled by side blowing at room temperature, stretched, and wound at a speed of 4000m / min to obtain camouflaged nylon fibers that are resistant to visible light and near-infrared light detection.

[0055] Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as Example 1, except that no red pigment, yellow pigment, or graphene oxide is added.

[0056] S1. Preparation of functional additives:

[0057] Ten portions of green pigment powder were dried in an oven at 100℃ for 4 hours, and then intermittently ground at 500 rpm (stainless steel beads: powder volume ratio of 1:2) for 20 minutes, with a 20-minute interval, for a total time of 120 minutes to obtain the functional additive.

[0058] S2, Preparation of Disguised PA56 Masterbatch

[0059] Drying of S21 and PA56 slices: PA56 slices were vacuum dried at 100℃ for 4 hours, with the water content controlled at 500ppm;

[0060] S22, 90 parts of dried PA56 chips and 10 parts of functional additives were melt-extruded and granulated by screw extrusion at 220℃-270℃, and then water-cooled, air-dried and pelletized to obtain disguised PA56 masterbatch;

[0061] Preparation of S3 and camouflaged PA56 fibers

[0062] Using 60 parts of dried PA56 chips as the core material and 40 parts of camouflaged PA56 masterbatch as the skin material, the fibers were melted by a screw at 230℃-275℃, extruded by a core-skin structure spinneret, and then cooled by side blowing at room temperature, stretched, and wound at a speed of 4000m / min to obtain camouflaged nylon fibers.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Comparative Example 1, except that red and yellow pigments were added.

[0064] S1. Preparation of functional additives:

[0065] Ten parts of green pigment, 0.5 parts of red pigment, and 2 parts of yellow pigment were dried in an oven at 100℃ for 4 hours. They were then intermittently ground at 500 rpm (the volume ratio of stainless steel beads to powder was 1:2) for 20 minutes, with a 20-minute interval, for a total time of 120 minutes, to obtain the functional additive.

[0066] S2, Preparation of Disguised PA56 Masterbatch

[0067] Drying of S21 and PA56 slices: PA56 slices were vacuum dried at 100℃ for 4 hours, with the water content controlled at 500ppm;

[0068] S22, 87.5 parts of dried PA56 chips and 12.5 parts of functional additives were melt-extruded and granulated by screw extrusion at 220℃-270℃, and then water-cooled, air-dried and pelletized to obtain disguised PA56 masterbatch;

[0069] Preparation of S3 and camouflaged PA56 fibers

[0070] Using 60 parts of dried PA56 chips as the core material and 40 parts of camouflaged PA56 masterbatch as the skin material, the fibers were melted by a screw at 230℃-275℃, extruded by a core-skin structure spinneret, and then cooled by side blowing at room temperature, stretched, and wound at a speed of 4000m / min to obtain camouflaged nylon fibers.

[0071] Comparative Example 3 is basically the same as Comparative Example 2, except that the amount of red pigment used is different.

[0072] S1. Preparation of functional additives:

[0073] Ten parts of green pigment, 0.3 parts of red pigment, and 2 parts of yellow pigment were dried in an oven at 100℃ for 4 hours. They were then intermittently ground at 600 rpm (stainless steel beads: powder volume ratio of 1:2) for 20 minutes, with a 20-minute interval, for a total time of 160 minutes to obtain the functional additive.

[0074] S2, Preparation of Disguised PA56 Masterbatch

[0075] Drying of S21 and PA56 slices: PA56 slices were vacuum dried at 100℃ for 4 hours, with the water content controlled at 500ppm;

[0076] S22, 87.7 parts of dried PA56 chips and 12.3 parts of functional additives were melt-extruded and granulated by screw extrusion at 220℃-270℃, and then water-cooled, air-dried and pelletized to obtain disguised PA56 masterbatch;

[0077] Preparation of S3 and camouflaged PA56 fibers

[0078] Using 70 parts of dried PA56 chips as the core material and 30 parts of camouflaged PA56 masterbatch as the skin material, the fibers were melted by a screw at 230℃-275℃, extruded by a core-skin structure spinneret, and then cooled by side blowing at room temperature, stretched, and wound at a speed of 4000m / min to obtain camouflaged nylon fibers.

[0079] Test Example 1

[0080] The camouflage nylon fiber used in Example 1 to prevent detection by visible and near-infrared light was standardized, and the results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown. From Figure 1 The complete core-skin structure can be seen, indicating that the method of the present invention is feasible and effective.

[0081] Test Example 2

[0082] For the camouflaged nylon fibers of Examples 1-3 and Figure 2 Visible light color values ​​were tested on the tender green vegetation;

[0083] L: This indicates the degree of black and white lightness. The larger the L, the whiter (brighter) the lighter the lightness; the smaller the L, the blacker (darker the lightness).

[0084] A: This represents red and green, and can be positive or negative. +A represents reddish and -A represents greenish.

[0085] B: This indicates yellow to blue, and can be positive or negative. +B represents yellowish, and -B represents bluish.

[0086] The formula for calculating color difference is:

[0087]

[0088] When the color difference ΔE < 1, the color difference between the two cannot be distinguished by the naked eye. The larger the ΔE, the more obvious the color difference.

[0089] The visible light test results are shown in Table 1:

[0090] Table 1

[0091] green vegetation 45.98 -11.55 31.14 \ Comparative Example 1 46.66 -15.28 12.14 187.69 Comparative Example 2 45.65 -6.89 30.38 11.20 Comparative Example 3 46.02 -11.08 31.45 0.16

[0092] As can be seen from Table 1, Comparative Example 1 only added green pigment, and the color difference with the green vegetation was obvious. Comparative Example 2 added yellow and red pigments, and the difference with the green vegetation was reduced after adjustment, but the difference between the two could still be distinguished by the naked eye. Comparative Example 3 adjusted the amount of pigments so that the color difference between the camouflage nylon fiber and the green vegetation was less than 1, and could not be distinguished by the naked eye, thus achieving the effect of visible light camouflage.

[0093] Test Example 3

[0094] Nylon fibers from Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 3 and Figure 2 The reflectance of the green vegetation was tested, and the results were as follows: Figure 3 As shown in Table 1, although the color difference between Comparative Example 3 and the green vegetation is less than 1, making them indistinguishable to the naked eye, it can be determined by... Figure 3 It can be seen that its reflectivity is higher than that of green vegetation, making it easier to detect by near-infrared detectors. Therefore, by adding the absorber graphene oxide, its reflectivity can be reduced, making it less detectable. Figure 3 It can be seen that adding only 0.03% makes its reflectivity close to that of green vegetation, and slightly lower than that of green vegetation, making it less likely to be detected by near-infrared detectors, thus achieving a near-infrared camouflage effect. Generally, near-infrared wavelengths are between 780nm and 2500nm, but the reflectivity between 1100nm and 2500nm is mainly due to the absorption peak of trace amounts of water, which is greatly affected by the environment and has no reference value. Therefore, in practical applications, the reflectivity between 780nm and 1100nm is mainly referenced.

[0095] Test Example 4

[0096] The camouflaged nylon fibers from Example 1 were fabricated to the same specifications as commercially available coated fabrics (purchased from Suzhou Tonggou Technology Co., Ltd.), and air permeability tests were conducted according to standard GB / T 5453-1997 "Determination of Air Permeability of Fabrics". The results are shown in Table 2.

[0097] Table 2

[0098]

[0099] As can be seen from Table 2, the breathability of fabrics made by directly weaving nylon fibers into cloth is greatly improved. Breathability affects the microclimate zone formed by the human body surface and clothing. This microclimate needs to exchange more with the outside air, which is conducive to heat dissipation, making the fabric cool and breathable, not stuffy, and improving wearing comfort.

[0100] Test Example 5

[0101] The camouflaged nylon fibers from Example 1 were used to make a fabric with the same coating treatment as in Test Example 3 (300 g / m²). 2The same specifications were used for moisture permeability testing, according to the standard GB / T 12704.2-2009 "Textiles - Test Methods for Moisture Permeability of Fabrics - Part 2: Evaporation Method". The test conditions were temperature (20±2)℃ and relative humidity (65±2)%. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0102] Table 3

[0103] Commercially available coated fabrics 4.32 Fabrics made from camouflaged nylon fibers 7.69

[0104] As can be seen from Table 3, the fabric prepared by the camouflage nylon fiber of the present invention has significantly improved moisture permeability. The moisture permeability of the fabric is one of the important contents of the evaluation of clothing comfort performance. When the human body sweats, the space between the body surface and the clothes forms a high humidity environment due to the evaporation of sweat. The increased moisture permeability of the fabric is conducive to the expulsion of water vapor.

[0105] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A camouflage nylon fiber that protects against visible and near-infrared light detection, characterized in that, It includes a skin layer and a core layer; the skin layer includes nylon material and functional additives, wherein the mass ratio of the nylon material and functional additives is 85-95:10-14. The functional additives, by weight, include: 10 parts green color powder, 0.3 parts red color powder, 2 parts yellow color powder, and 0.03-0.2 parts absorbent; The green pigment is phthalocyanine green; the absorbent is selected from graphene oxide; the core layer is made of nylon material; the particle size of the green pigment, red pigment, yellow pigment and absorbent are independently 2μm-60μm.

2. The camouflage nylon fiber for protection against visible and near-infrared light detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the cortex to the core is 3-7:3-7.

3. A method for preparing camouflage nylon fiber for protection against visible and near-infrared light detection as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, green pigment powder, red pigment powder, yellow pigment powder and absorbent are dried and ground to obtain functional additives; S2. Granulate the dried nylon material and the functional additives described in S1, and obtain disguised nylon masterbatch by water cooling, air drying and pelletizing. S3. Using dried nylon material as the core material and the camouflage nylon masterbatch mentioned in S2 as the skin material, the nylon fiber is obtained by screw melting, extrusion through a core-skin structure spinneret, followed by air cooling and stretching to prevent visible light and near-infrared light detection.

4. The method for preparing camouflage nylon fiber resistant to visible and near-infrared light detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S1, the drying is performed in an oven at 95℃-105℃ for 2-5 hours.

5. The method for preparing camouflage nylon fiber resistant to visible and near-infrared light detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S1, the grinding is performed intermittently at a speed of 500rpm-600rpm for a grinding time of 15min-25min, with an interval time of 15min-25min, for a total time of 120min-160min.

6. The method for preparing camouflage nylon fiber resistant to visible and near-infrared light detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S2, the granulation temperature is 220℃-290℃.

7. The method for preparing camouflage nylon fiber resistant to visible and near-infrared light detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S2 and S3, the dried nylon material is nylon material that has been vacuum dried at 95℃-105℃ for 2h-5h and whose moisture content is controlled at 500ppm±50ppm.

8. The method for preparing camouflage nylon fiber resistant to visible and near-infrared light detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S3, the melting temperature of the screw is 230℃-295℃.

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