A scraper

Abstract

The present application discloses a kind of scraper technical field's scraper, to solve the problem of difficult disassembly of prior art front frame and rear frame.It includes: the detachable connection of card board and rear frame realizes the quick installation / dismounting of upper hinge shaft and upper hinge hole, lower hinge shaft and lower hinge hole, avoids the disassembly failure and misplacement caused by the gravity swing, deformation and road pit of front frame and rear frame, rear frame is lifted by upper hinge hole and upper hinge shaft control front frame, lower hinge shaft and lower hinge hole assist the lifting of front frame and buffer the axial swing and deformation between front frame and rear frame through the gap between lower hinge shaft mounting hole and lower hinge hole, so that it is more convenient when disassembling upper hinge shaft and upper hinge hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a loader, belonging to the field of loader technology. Background Technology

[0002] Loaders are the main equipment for short-distance transportation of mining materials, primarily used for shoveling, loading, and transporting materials over short distances. Loaders are indispensable equipment in underground mining construction. Both the front and rear frames of loaders, as well as the goods they shovel, are quite heavy. The surfaces in underground mines are often uneven and full of potholes. The existing double-hinged joint system with upper and lower pins for the front and rear frames presents challenges when they need to be separated for maintenance. Due to the uneven road surface and the weight and stress deformation of the front and rear frames, axial swaying and displacement can occur suddenly when disassembling the hinge points. When assembling the hinge points, the hinge holes of the front frame must first be hoisted and moved to be concentric with those of the rear frame before installing the pins. Because of the weight of the front frame, hoisting and centering are difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for easy assembly and disassembly of the front and rear frames.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure employs the following technical solution: This disclosure provides a loader, including a rear frame and a front frame, wherein the front frame includes an upper hinge shaft mounting hole and a lower hinge shaft mounting hole. The rear frame includes an upper hinge hole that matches the mounting hole of the upper hinge shaft and a lower hinge hole that matches the mounting hole of the lower hinge shaft; the rear frame is detachably connected to multiple clamping plates, and the upper hinge hole and the lower hinge hole are respectively opened in the rear frame and the clamping plates; This includes an upper hinge shaft that matches the upper hinge shaft mounting hole and a lower hinge shaft that matches the lower hinge shaft mounting hole. Both the upper and lower hinge holes are coaxial compound holes with at least two layers of perforated plates. When the rear frame and the front frame are connected: Both ends of the upper hinge shaft are connected to the upper hinge hole, and the upper hinge shaft is installed in the upper hinge shaft mounting hole. Both ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole are connected to the clamping plate and the rear frame for force transmission, respectively. Both ends of the lower hinge shaft are connected to the lower hinge hole, and the lower hinge shaft is installed in the lower hinge shaft mounting hole. There is an axial clearance between the lower hinge shaft mounting hole and the lower hinge hole within the lower hinge hole.

[0005] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the rear frame forms a thickened plate at the end of the upper hinge hole opposite to the lower hinge hole, and the thickened plate is movably connected to the clamping plate.

[0006] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole are respectively connected to the clamping plate and the rear frame for force transmission, including: The end of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole away from the lower hinge shaft mounting hole is connected to the clamping plate and the rear frame via a first retaining sleeve for force transmission; one end of the first retaining sleeve abuts against the upper hinge shaft mounting hole, and the other end abuts against the clamping plate and the rear frame.

[0007] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole are respectively connected to the clamping plate and the rear frame for force transmission, including: The two ends of the upper hinge shaft are respectively connected to the first upper end cover and the second upper end cover. The second upper end cover is closer to the mounting hole of the lower hinge shaft than the first upper end cover. The diameter of the first upper end cover is larger than the inner diameter of the upper hinge hole. The first upper end cover is connected to the rear frame for force transmission. The end of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole away from the lower hinge shaft mounting hole is connected to the second upper end cover via a second retaining sleeve; one end of the second retaining sleeve abuts against the second upper end cover, and the other end abuts against the upper hinge shaft mounting hole.

[0008] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a bushing is provided inside the upper hinge hole and / or the lower hinge hole.

[0009] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the lower hinge shaft mounting hole has an axially movable clearance with the lower hinge hole, including: The two ends of the lower hinge shaft are respectively connected to two lower end covers. The lower end covers are connected to the rear frame and the clamping plate for force transmission. The axial length of the mounting hole of the lower hinge shaft is less than the length between the two layers of holes in the lower hinge hole.

[0010] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the rear frame has a semi-circular groove, the contact surface between the card plate and the rear frame forms a semi-circular groove, and the semi-circular groove of the rear frame and the semi-circular grooves of different cards are connected to form the upper hinge hole or the lower hinge hole respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a lower reinforcing sleeve is further included, which is embedded in the inner wall of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole. The inner wall of the lower reinforcing sleeve is provided with a second joint bearing. Both ends of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole are respectively connected to a lower pressure cover. The lower pressure cover is connected to the second joint bearing for force transmission. The center of the lower pressure cover is provided with an inner edge opening for the lower hinge shaft to pass through. A second sealing ring is provided in the inner edge opening of the lower pressure cover for sealing the interior of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole.

[0012] In some embodiments of this disclosure, an upper reinforcing sleeve is further included, which is embedded in the inner wall of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole. The inner wall of the upper reinforcing sleeve is provided with at least two first angular contact joint bearings. A spacer ring for adjusting the axial spacing is provided between adjacent first angular contact joint bearings. The two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole are respectively connected to an upper pressure cover. The upper pressure cover is connected to the first angular contact joint bearings for force transmission. The center of the upper pressure cover is provided with an inner edge opening for the upper hinge shaft to pass through. A first sealing ring is provided in the inner edge opening of the upper pressure cover for sealing the interior of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole.

[0013] In some embodiments of this disclosure, The rear frame includes at least two parallel rear frame plates, which extend axially along the hinge axis of the front frame, and the at least two rear frame plates are fixedly connected by the thickened plate. The front frame includes at least two parallel front frame plates, which extend axially along the hinge axis of the rear frame. At least two of the front frame plates are rotatably connected to a lifting rotating member. The rotation axis of the lifting rotating member and the front frame plates is perpendicular to the hinge axis between the front frame plates and the rear frame. The upper hinge axis mounting hole and the lower hinge axis mounting hole are both located on the lifting rotating member.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this disclosure are as follows: The loader disclosed herein features a detachable connection between the pallet and the rear frame, enabling quick installation / removal of the upper hinge shaft and upper hinge hole, and the lower hinge shaft and lower hinge hole. This avoids the problems of difficult assembly / disassembly and mechanical misalignment caused by gravity swaying, deformation, and road potholes in the front and rear frames. The rear frame controls the lifting of the front frame through the upper hinge shaft mounting hole, while the lower hinge shaft and lower hinge hole assist in the lifting of the front frame and buffer the axial swaying and deformation between the front and rear frames through the gap between the lower hinge shaft mounting hole and the lower hinge hole, making it easier to disassemble the upper hinge shaft and upper hinge hole. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the hinge joint between the front and rear frames of the loader provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the rear frame along the hinge axis, showing the upper hinge shaft mounting hole of the front frame connected to the upper hinge shaft. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The mounting hole of the lower hinge shaft of the front frame is connected to the lower hinge shaft through the lower hinge shaft. The structural schematic cross-section of the rear frame along the hinge shaft is shown. Figure 4 yes Figure 1Diagram showing the disassembly / installation of the hinge point between the front and rear vehicle frames; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Diagram showing the disassembly / installation of the hinge point between the front and rear vehicle frames; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the mounting holes for the lower hinge shaft along the hinge shaft. Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole along the hinge shaft; In the picture: 1-Rear frame; 101-Thickened plate; 102-Clamping plate; 103-Upper hinge hole; 104-Lower hinge hole; 1.1-Rear frame plate; 2-Upper hinge shaft; 3-First upper end cover; 4-Shaft sleeve; 5-First retaining sleeve; 6-Front frame; 61-Upper hinge shaft mounting hole; 62-Lower hinge shaft mounting hole; 6.1-Front frame plate; 6.2-Lifting rotating component; 601 - Upper pressure cap; 602 - First sealing ring; 603 - First angular contact spherical plain bearing; 604 - Spacer ring; 605 - Upper reinforcing sleeve; 606 - Lower reinforcing sleeve; 607 - Lower pressure cap; 608 - Second sealing ring; 609 - Second spherical bearing; 7-Second retaining sleeve; 8-Second upper end cover; 9-Lower end cover; 10-Lower hinge shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments and specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of this application, rather than limitations thereof. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Example 1

[0017] This embodiment provides a loader to solve the problem of difficult disassembly and assembly of the front and rear frames in the prior art.

[0018] refer to Figure 1The loader provided in this embodiment includes a rear frame 1 and a front frame 6. The front frame 6 includes an upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and a lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. When the loader is in operation, the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 is further away from the top of the loader than the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. The rear frame 1 includes an upper hinge hole 103 that matches the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and a lower hinge hole 104 that matches the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. When the rear frame 1 and the front frame 6 are installed, the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the upper hinge hole 103 are coaxially connected after matching, and the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and the lower hinge hole 104 are coaxially connected after matching. The upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the upper hinge hole 103, and the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and the lower hinge hole 104 are all rotatably connected. Theoretically, the rotating shafts are vertically distributed perpendicular to the frame surface of the loader.

[0019] The rear frame 1 is detachably connected to multiple clamping plates 102. The upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104 are respectively opened in the rear frame 1 and the clamping plate 102. Grooves can be opened on the connecting surfaces of the rear frame 1 and the clamping plate 102. When the rear frame 1 is connected to different clamping plates 102, the grooves of the rear frame 1 and the grooves of the clamping plates 102 respectively form the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104.

[0020] This includes an upper hinge shaft 2 that matches the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and a lower hinge shaft 10 that matches the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. After the upper hinge shaft 2 is inserted into the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61, both ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 are connected to the upper hinge hole 103, and the upper hinge shaft 2 is connected in the middle to the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. The upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the upper hinge hole 103 are rotatably connected through the upper hinge shaft 2. After the lower hinge shaft 10 is inserted into the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62, both ends of the lower hinge shaft 10 are connected to the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. The lower hinge shaft 10 is connected to the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 in the middle. The lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and the lower hinge hole 104 are rotatably connected by the lower hinge shaft 10. The lower hinge shaft mounting holes 62 and 104 are closer to the ground and closer to the bottom surface of the frame than the upper hinge shaft mounting holes 61 and 103. When the loader is working, the lower hinge shaft mounting holes 62 and 104 are closer to the ground than the upper hinge shaft mounting holes 61 and 103.

[0021] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Both the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104 are coaxial compound holes with at least two layers of perforated plates. Optionally, in this embodiment, the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 are single holes with one layer of perforated plates. The "coaxiality" of the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104 refers to the rotation shafts of the upper hinge shaft mounting holes 61 and 103 and the lower hinge shaft mounting holes 62 and 104, respectively. When the rear frame 1 and the front frame 6 are connected: 1. The two ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 are respectively connected to the upper hinge hole 103. The upper hinge shaft 2 is installed in the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. The two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 are respectively connected to the clamping plate 102 and the rear frame 1 for force transmission. When the loader is operating, the rear frame 1 is connected to the front frame 6. The force between the rear frame 1 and the front frame 6 is mutual and transmitted through the axial force of the two hinge points. In the description of this embodiment, the front frame 6 is taken as the observation perspective. The axial force on the front frame 6 is transmitted through the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. The force is transmitted to the rear frame 1 through the connection between the card plate 102 and the rear frame 1. The card plate 102 is connected to the rear frame 1. Therefore, the force of the card plate 102 with the upper hinge hole 103 is transmitted to the rear frame 1 by the front frame 6. Therefore, when the loader is working, the drive component in the rear frame 1 drives the front frame 6 to lift / lower. The force can be transmitted up and down through the connection between the upper hinge hole 103 and the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. This is manifested as the force transmitted along the rotation axis through the force transmission connection between the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the card plate 102 and the rear frame 1, respectively. The two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 are respectively connected to the force transmission of the clamping plate 102 and the rear frame 1. Optionally, the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 are inserted into the two layers of perforated plates of the upper hinge hole 103, and the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 are in direct force transmission contact with the clamping plate 102 and the rear frame 1. Alternatively, a force transmission element is placed between the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the two layers of perforated plates of the upper hinge hole 103.

[0022] 2. The two ends of the lower hinge shaft 10 are connected to the lower hinge hole 104. The lower hinge shaft 10 is installed in the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. The middle of the lower hinge shaft 10 is connected to the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. There is an axial clearance between the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and the lower hinge hole 104. The axial clearance absorbs the shaking and deformation generated when the front frame 6 is raised / lowered, reduces the axial load on the front frame 6 near the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62, and avoids the influence of shaking and deformation when the upper hinge shaft 2, the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61, and the upper hinge hole 103 are disassembled. This makes the disassembly of the upper hinge shaft 2, the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61, and the upper hinge hole 103 easy and convenient without being affected by parts jamming or popping out. The lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 has an axial clearance with the lower hinge hole 104 within the lower hinge hole 104. Optionally, the two ends of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 are smaller than the distance between the two layers of holes in the lower hinge hole 104. When the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and the lower hinge hole 104 are connected by the lower hinge shaft 10, the lower hinge shaft 10 is installed in the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. The lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 has a sliding stroke along the axial direction with the lower hinge shaft 10 within the lower hinge hole 104. When the front frame 6 is raised / lowered, the deformation and sway of the front frame 6 and the rear frame 1 are released through the sliding of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 on the surface of the lower hinge shaft 10.

[0023] The loader provided in this embodiment, during installation, should refer to... Figure 5 Insert the upper hinge shaft 2 into the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61, and insert the lower hinge shaft 10 into the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. Move the front frame 6 and the rear frame 1 so that the two ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 are aligned with the mounting position (groove) of the upper hinge hole 103 on the rear frame 1 and in close contact. Do the same for the lower hinge shaft 10. Connect multiple clamping plates 102 to the rear frame 1 along the shafts at both ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10. In the contact surface between the clamping plates 102 and the rear frame 1, the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104 formed are respectively matched with the shapes of the upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10, so that the two ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10 are aligned with the mounting position (groove) on the rear frame 1. The ends are respectively placed in the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104, and the two ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10 are respectively connected to the corresponding parts of the clamping plate 102 of the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104 and the rear frame 1. At this time, the main body parts of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 are respectively between the two layers of hole plates of the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104. When disassembling, first disconnect the two ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10 from the corresponding parts of the clamping plate 102 of the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104 and the rear frame 1, and then remove the clamping plate 102 and take off the upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, the concepts of upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 include both the cavity for mounting and inserting upper hinge shaft 2 and lower hinge shaft 10, and the perforated plate composed of multiple clamping plates 102 and rear frame 1.

[0025] In the existing technology, the installation and connection method of the front frame and the rear frame is to directly align the hinge holes of the front frame and the rear frame and then insert the hinge shaft. When the road surface is rough, the front frame and the rear frame are under heavy load, or the machine body is deformed, it is difficult to align them. When disassembling, the hinge point is jammed due to the rough road surface, the heavy load of the front frame and the rear frame, and the deformation of the machine body. It is necessary to lift the front frame or the rear frame and use a variety of tools to remove the hinge shaft. In this embodiment, the clamping plate 102 is detachably connected to the rear frame 1. When the front frame 6 and the rear frame 1 are connected, the rear frame 1 and the clamping plate 102 are in a separated state. This facilitates the alignment of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 with the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104 (or the half-holes of the hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104) of the rear frame 1. Then, the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 are inserted into the upper... The upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10 are connected, and then the connecting plate 102 is connected to the rear frame 1 to complete the installation. Alternatively, the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 are first inserted into the upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10, and then the two ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 and the lower hinge shaft 10 are matched with the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104 of the rear frame 1 (or referred to as the half holes of the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104), and then the connecting plate 102 and the rear frame 1 are connected. During disassembly, since there is an axial movement gap between the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and the lower hinge hole 104, some deformation and shaking are absorbed. Therefore, it is relatively convenient to disassemble the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62, the lower hinge hole 104, the retaining plate 102, the rear frame 1, and the lower hinge shaft 10. After removing the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62, the lower hinge hole 104, the retaining plate 102, the rear frame 1, and the lower hinge shaft 10, the rear frame 1 and the front frame 6 are a single hinge structure with a high degree of freedom and less internal stress and deformation accumulation. This makes it easy to move the rear frame 1 and the front frame 6 to a suitable placement position before removing the retaining plate 102 of the upper hinge hole 103. Example 2

[0026] This embodiment provides a loader, which is an improvement on the loader provided in Embodiment 1 to enhance its technical performance. For details not covered, please refer to Embodiment 1.

[0027] As mentioned in Embodiment 1, when the drive component inside the rear frame 1 drives the front frame 6 to lift / lower, the vertical force can be transmitted through the connection between the upper hinge hole 103 and the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. In the loader provided in this embodiment, refer to... Figure 2 The rear frame 1 has a thickened plate 101 formed at the end of the upper hinge hole 103 opposite to the lower hinge hole 104. The thickened plate 101 is movably connected to the clamping plate 102. The thickened plate 101 has better performance than the ordinary plate structure of the rear frame 1 and is easier to withstand the reaction force of the front frame 6 lifting / lowering.

[0028] Optionally, in this embodiment, the thickened plate 101 is a rear frame main body plate extending to the upper hinge hole 103, directly transmitting the reaction force of the front frame 6 lifting / lowering to the pressure-bearing components inside the rear frame 1; Reference Figure 2 and Figure 1 Optionally, in this embodiment, considering that the reaction force of the front frame 6 being raised / lowered is mainly transmitted by the side of the rear frame 1 away from the lower hinge hole 104, the area of ​​the thickened plate 101 on the side of the upper hinge hole 103 away from the lower hinge hole 104 is larger than the area on the side closer to the lower hinge hole 104.

[0029] As mentioned in Embodiment 1, there are several optional forms in which the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 are respectively connected to the clamping plate 102 and the rear frame 1 for force transmission. Preferably, refer to Figure 2 The end of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 away from the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 is connected to the clamping plate 102 and the rear frame 1 via the first retaining sleeve 5. When the front frame 6 is raised / lowered, the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 is subjected to an upward force from the front frame 6. The upward force is transmitted through the first retaining sleeve 5 to the clamping plate 102 corresponding to the upper hinge hole 103 and the rear frame 1 (or the thickened plate 101). The clamping plate 102 transmits the upward force it receives to the rear frame 1 (or the thickened plate 101) through the connection point. The annular structure of the first retaining sleeve 5 helps to disperse stress.

[0030] Similarly, in this embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 2 The two ends of the upper hinge shaft 2 are connected to the first upper end cover 3 and the second upper end cover 8 respectively, which can be connected by multiple bolts. The second upper end cover 8 is closer to the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 than the first upper end cover 3. The diameter of the first upper end cover 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the upper hinge hole 103, so that the first upper end cover 3 will not come off when subjected to a downward force from the upper hinge shaft 2. The first upper end cover 3 is connected to the rear frame 1 for force transmission. (Refer to...) Figure 2 Optionally, in this embodiment, the first upper cover 3 and the rear frame 1 are connected in the form of a force transmission connection. The first upper cover 3 and the second upper cover 8 are tightly connected to the upper hinge shaft 2 by bolts. The bolts are over-screwed into the upper hinge shaft 2, and the first upper cover 3 and the second upper cover 8 simultaneously axially press the rear frame 1 and the clamping plate 102. The end of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 near the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 (or lower hinge hole 104) is connected to the second upper end cover 8 via the second retaining sleeve 7 for force transmission. (Refer to...) Figure 2Optionally, in this embodiment, the second retaining sleeve 7 passes through the upper hinge hole 103 near the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 (through the rear frame 1 and the clamping plate 102 in this part), and abuts against the second upper end cover 8. The other end of the second retaining sleeve 7 abuts against the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. The tightness of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 in the upper hinge hole 103 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the bolts between the second upper end cover 8 and the upper hinge shaft 2. The downward reaction force of the front frame 6 lifting / lowering is transmitted through the front frame 6 → upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 → second retaining sleeve 7 → second upper end cover 8 → upper hinge shaft 2 → first upper end cover 3 → clamping plate 102 and rear frame 1 (or thickened plate 101).

[0031] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Optionally, in this embodiment, bushings 4 for reinforcing the hinge holes are provided in the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104. In the upper hinge hole 103, the end of the upper hinge shaft 2 near the lower hinge hole 104 is reinforced by the presence of a second retaining sleeve 7, which replaces the bushing 4. At the end of the upper hinge shaft 2 away from the lower hinge hole 104, the inner side of the bushing 4 is connected to the upper hinge shaft 2, and the outer side of the bushing 4 is connected to the perforated plate of the upper hinge hole 103. In the lower hinge hole 104, bushings 4 for reinforcing the hinge holes are provided between the two layers of perforated plates and the lower hinge shaft 10.

[0032] As mentioned in Embodiment 1, there is an axial clearance between the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and the lower hinge hole 104. Optionally, in this embodiment, the two ends of the lower hinge shaft 10 are connected to two lower end covers 9 respectively. The lower end covers 9 are connected to the rear frame 1 and the clamping plate 102 for force transmission. The axial length of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 is less than the axial length between the two layers of holes in the lower hinge hole 104. Referring to the end cap setting of the upper hinge shaft 2, specifically, the two ends of the lower hinge shaft 10 are respectively connected to two lower end caps 9 by bolts. The diameter of the lower end cap 9 is larger than the inner diameter of the lower hinge hole 104. The bolts of the lower end cap 9 are over-screwed in, so that the two lower end caps 9 press the rear frame 1 and the clamping plate 102 of the lower hinge hole 104 axially, thereby firmly connecting the lower hinge shaft 10 to the lower hinge hole 104. The movable gap between the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and the lower hinge hole 104 allows the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 to slide along the lower hinge shaft 10 between the two layers of perforated plates in the lower hinge hole 104.

[0033] As mentioned in Embodiment 1, when the rear frame 1 and the clamping plate 102 are connected, the groove of the rear frame 1 and the groove of the clamping plate 102 respectively form the upper hinge hole 103 and the lower hinge hole 104. Optionally, in this embodiment, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The rear frame 1 has a semi-circular groove, and the contact surface between the card plate 102 and the rear frame 1 forms a semi-circular groove. The semi-circular groove of the rear frame 1 and the semi-circular groove of the card plate 102 are connected to form an upper hinge hole 103 or a lower hinge hole 104.

[0034] refer to Figure 6 Optionally, in this embodiment, a lower reinforcing sleeve 606 is further included at the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. The lower reinforcing sleeve 606 is embedded in the inner wall of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 to reinforce the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62. A second spherical bearing 609 is also included, which is installed in the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 to adjust for concentricity deviations in the holes caused by machining problems of the front frame 6 and the rear frame 1. A lower pressure cover 607 is also included, which can be bolted to both ends of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 axially to insert the lower hinge shaft 10 and maintain the axial accuracy of the lower hinge shaft 10. The lower pressure cover 607 is connected to the second spherical bearing 609 for force transmission. The cover 607 presses the second joint bearing 609 against both ends, securing the second joint bearing 609 within the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62 and controlling the second joint bearing 609. It also includes a second sealing ring 608 located on the inner ring of the lower cover 607. The second sealing ring 608 prevents dust from entering the lower hinge shaft mounting hole 62, especially protecting the second joint bearing 609 and improving its service life. The second joint bearing 609 is located on the inner ring of the lower reinforcing sleeve 606. The lower cover 607 has an inner edge opening at its center for the lower hinge shaft 10 to pass through, and the second sealing ring 608 is located at this inner edge opening.

[0035] refer to Figure 7 Optionally, in this embodiment, it further includes an upper reinforcing sleeve 605 embedded in the inner wall of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. The upper reinforcing sleeve 605 is used to reinforce the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. The inner wall of the upper reinforcing sleeve 605 is provided with at least two first angular contact spherical bearings 603. A spacer ring 604 for adjusting the axial spacing is provided between adjacent first angular contact spherical bearings 603. The two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 are respectively connected to the upper pressure cover 601. The upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and the upper pressure cover 601 can be connected by bolts. The upper pressure cover 601 and the first angular contact spherical bearings... The 603 force transmission connection specifically involves two upper pressure caps 601 pressing the first angular contact spherical bearing 603 from both axial ends, thus securing the first angular contact spherical bearing 603 within the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61. The upper pressure cap 601 has an inner edge opening at its center for the upper hinge shaft 2 to pass through. A first sealing ring 602 is located at the inner edge opening of the upper pressure cap 601 to seal the interior of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61, preventing dust from entering the upper hinge shaft mounting hole 61 and improving the lifespan of the first angular contact spherical bearing 603 and the spacer ring 604.

[0036] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 Optionally, in this embodiment, the rear frame 1 includes at least two parallel rear frame plates 1.1. The rear frame plates 1.1 extend axially along the hinge axis with the front frame 6. The at least two rear frame plates 1.1 are fixedly connected by a thickening plate 101, so that the force borne by the thickening plate 101 can be transmitted through the rear frame plates 1.1 at both ends of the thickening plate 101. The thickening plate 101 also plays a role in stabilizing the shape of the rear frame 1 and preventing deformation between the rear frame plates 1.1.

[0037] The front frame 6 includes at least two parallel front frame plates 6.1, which extend axially along the hinge axis with the rear frame 1. The at least two front frame plates 6.1 are rotatably connected to a lifting rotating member 6.2. The rotation axis of the lifting rotating member 6.2 and the front frame plates 6.1 is perpendicular to the hinge axis between the front frame plates 6.1 and the rear frame 1. An upper hinge axis mounting hole 61 and a lower hinge axis mounting hole 62 are provided in the lifting rotating member 6.2, which helps to transmit the lifting force on the front frame plates 6.1 to the rear frame plates 1.1 through the lifting rotating member 6.2. Preferably, the rotatable connection points between the front frame plates 6.1 and the lifting rotating member 6.2 are arranged in two locations according to the positions of the upper hinge axis mounting hole 61 and the lower hinge axis mounting hole 62.

[0038] When the front frame 6 is raised, the extension direction and layout of the rear frame plate 1.1 and the front frame plate 6.1 are conducive to the transmission of force along the hinge axis.

[0039] In this embodiment, the detachable connection between the clamping plate 102 and the rear frame 1 (thickened plate 101) is achieved by multiple bolts, and the fastening force between the clamping plate 102 and the rear frame 1 (thickened plate 101) can be adjusted by the bolts.

[0040] The loader provided in this embodiment is an improvement on the technology of Embodiment 1, and achieves better technical results.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "located in," "equipped with," "located in," "installed," "set," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loader, comprising a rear frame (1) and a front frame (6), characterized in that, The front frame (6) includes an upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) and a lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62). The rear frame (1) includes an upper hinge hole (103) that matches the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) and a lower hinge hole (104) that matches the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62); the rear frame (1) is detachably connected to a plurality of clamping plates (102), and the upper hinge hole (103) and the lower hinge hole (104) are respectively opened in the rear frame (1) and the clamping plate (102); Includes an upper hinge shaft (2) that matches the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) and a lower hinge shaft (10) that matches the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62). The upper hinge hole (103) and the lower hinge hole (104) are both coaxial compound holes with at least two layers of perforated plates. When the rear frame (1) and the front frame (6) are connected: The two ends of the upper hinge shaft (2) are respectively connected to the upper hinge hole (103), the upper hinge shaft (2) is installed in the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61), and the two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) are respectively connected to the clamping plate (102) and the rear frame (1) for force transmission; the two ends of the lower hinge shaft (10) are connected to the lower hinge hole (104), the lower hinge shaft (10) is installed in the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62), and the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62) has an axial clearance with the lower hinge hole (104) within the lower hinge hole (104).

2. The loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear frame (1) has a thickened plate (101) formed at the end of the upper hinge hole (103) opposite to the lower hinge hole (104), and the thickened plate (101) is movably connected to the clamping plate (102).

3. The loader according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) are respectively connected to the clamping plate (102) and the rear frame (1) for force transmission, including: The end of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) away from the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62) is connected to the clamping plate (102) and the rear frame (1) through a first retaining sleeve (5); one end of the first retaining sleeve (5) abuts against the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61), and the other end abuts against the clamping plate (102) and the rear frame (1).

4. The loader according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) are respectively connected to the clamping plate (102) and the rear frame (1) for force transmission, including: The two ends of the upper hinge shaft (2) are respectively connected to the first upper end cover (3) and the second upper end cover (8). The second upper end cover (8) is closer to the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62) than the first upper end cover (3). The diameter of the first upper end cover (3) is larger than the inner diameter of the upper hinge hole (103). The first upper end cover (3) is connected to the rear frame (1) for force transmission. The end of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) away from the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62) is connected to the second upper end cover (8) through the second retainer (7); one end of the second retainer (7) abuts against the second upper end cover (8), and the other end abuts against the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61).

5. The loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bushing (4) is provided inside the upper hinge hole (103) and / or the lower hinge hole (104).

6. The loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62) has an axial clearance with the lower hinge hole (104) within the lower hinge hole (104), including: The two ends of the lower hinge shaft (10) are respectively connected to two lower end covers (9). The lower end covers (9) are connected to the rear frame (1) and the clamping plate (102) for force transmission. The axial length of the mounting hole (62) of the lower hinge shaft is less than the length between the two layers of holes in the lower hinge hole (104).

7. The loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear frame (1) has a semi-circular groove, and the contact surface between the card plate (102) and the rear frame (1) forms a semi-circular groove. The semi-circular groove of the rear frame (1) and the semi-circular grooves of different card plates (102) are connected to form the upper hinge hole (103) or the lower hinge hole (104).

8. The loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lower reinforcing sleeve (606) embedded in the inner wall of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62). The inner wall of the lower reinforcing sleeve (606) is provided with a second joint bearing (609). The two ends of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62) are respectively connected to the lower pressure cover (607). The lower pressure cover (607) is connected to the second joint bearing (609) for force transmission. The center of the lower pressure cover (607) is provided with an inner edge opening for the lower hinge shaft (10) to pass through. The second sealing ring (608) is provided in the inner edge opening of the lower pressure cover (607) for sealing the inside of the lower hinge shaft mounting hole (62).

9. The loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an upper reinforcing sleeve (605) embedded in the inner wall of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61). The inner wall of the upper reinforcing sleeve (605) is provided with at least two first angular contact spherical bearings (603). A spacer ring (604) for adjusting the axial spacing is provided between adjacent first angular contact spherical bearings (603). The two ends of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61) are respectively connected to the upper pressure cover (601). The upper pressure cover (601) is connected to the first angular contact spherical bearings (603) for force transmission. The center of the upper pressure cover (601) is provided with an inner edge opening for the upper hinge shaft (2) to pass through. A first sealing ring (602) is provided in the inner edge opening of the upper pressure cover (601) for sealing the inside of the upper hinge shaft mounting hole (61).

10. The loader according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rear frame (1) includes at least two parallel rear frame plates (1.1), which extend axially along the hinge axis of the front frame (6), and the at least two rear frame plates (1.1) are fixedly connected by the thickened plate (101). The front frame (6) includes at least two parallel front frame plates (6.1), which extend axially along the hinge axis of the rear frame (1). At least two of the front frame plates (6.1) are rotatably connected to a lifting rotating member (6.2). The rotation axis of the lifting rotating member (6.2) and the front frame plates (6.1) is perpendicular to the hinge axis between the front frame plates (6.1) and the rear frame (1). The upper hinge axis mounting hole (61) and the lower hinge axis mounting hole (62) are both provided on the lifting rotating member (6.2).

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