Non-destructive installation of precision bearings and method of use

Abstract

This invention relates to a non-destructive installation device and method for precision bearings, characterized by: a press-fit shaft mounted on the outside of a rotating shaft via a tooled bearing; an inner clamping nut and an upper outer clamping ring respectively clamping the inner and outer rings of the tooled bearing; a drive rod connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft; a clamping ring limiting sleeve fixed to the lower end of the press-fit shaft, forming a spherical clamping ring mounting cavity, within which the spherical clamping ring is placed; the upper end of the spherical clamping ring mates with the lower end of the press-fit shaft via a spherical joint; during bearing installation, the lower pressure plate extending from the lower end of the spherical clamping ring contacts the upper end of the inner ring of the bearing to be installed; the upper end of a guide shaft is inserted into the lower hole of the press-fit shaft for guiding engagement; the guide shaft mates with the lower trapezoidal external thread of the rotating shaft via an upper trapezoidal threaded hole; a lower locking nut connects to the lower external thread of the guide shaft; concave and convex spherical washers are fitted onto the hollow shaft at the upper end of the locking nut in a spherical contact manner, positioning the bearing to be installed onto the guide shaft. This invention enables smooth bearing installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bearing assembly technology, and in particular to a non-destructive installation device and method for precision bearings. Background Technology

[0002] During bearing assembly, the bearing inner ring and shaft are interference-fitted. Typically, the shaft is frozen before the bearing inner ring is installed, but this method makes disassembly difficult. However, when bearing assembly requires repeated disassembly and reassembly, this method is unsuitable. Generally, a weight, hammer, or press is used to tap or press the bearing into the shaft. During this tapping or pressing process, uneven force often causes the bearing inner ring and shaft to jam, damaging the outer diameter of the shaft and the surface of the bearing inner ring, severely affecting the bearing's precision. Therefore, a precise bearing assembly method needs to be designed that ensures assembly accuracy without damaging the shaft or bearing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a non-destructive installation device and method for precision bearings that can provide uniform pressing force, avoid damage to shafts and holes and jamming, and achieve smooth installation of bearings.

[0004] One of the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0005] A non-destructive installation device for precision bearings includes a drive rod, a rotating shaft, a press-in shaft, a guide shaft, an outer pressure ring, an inner clamping nut, a tooling bearing, a spherical clamping ring, a clamping ring limiting sleeve, a concave spherical washer, a convex spherical washer, and a lower locking nut. The guide shaft is a fixed shaft, and both the press-in shaft and the guide shaft are hollow shafts.

[0006] The press-in shaft is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and the two are supported by a tooling bearing. The outer pressure ring is fixedly installed on the upper end of the press-in shaft and presses against the outer ring of the tooling bearing. The inner pressure nut is threaded onto the rotating shaft and presses against the inner ring of the tooling bearing. The drive rod is driven to the upper end of the rotating shaft.

[0007] The clamping ring limiting sleeve is fixed to the lower end of the press-in shaft, forming a spherical clamping ring mounting cavity between the lower end of the press-in shaft and the inner cavity of the clamping ring limiting sleeve. The spherical clamping ring is placed in the spherical clamping ring mounting cavity with a fitting clearance along the radial and axial directions. The upper end of the spherical clamping ring is fitted to the lower end of the press-in shaft through a spherical pair. The lower end of the spherical clamping ring is provided with a lower pressing platform extending from the inner hole of the clamping ring limiting sleeve. The size of the lower pressing platform matches the inner ring diameter of the bearing to be installed. During the bearing installation process, the lower pressing platform contacts the upper end of the inner ring of the precision bearing to be installed.

[0008] The upper end of the guide shaft is inserted into the lower hole of the press-in shaft with a clearance fit, and the guide shaft is engaged with the trapezoidal external thread at the lower part of the rotating shaft through the trapezoidal threaded hole at the upper part.

[0009] The lower locking nut is threaded to the external thread on the lower part of the guide shaft. The concave spherical washer and the convex spherical washer are sleeved on the hollow shaft at the upper end of the locking nut in a spherical contact manner, so that the shaft positioning sleeve of the bearing to be installed is fitted on the guide shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with the trapezoidal external thread, the middle part of the rotating shaft is provided with a shoulder for positioning the inner ring of the tooling bearing, the upper middle part of the rotating shaft is provided with an external thread for the inner clamping nut, and the upper part of the rotating shaft is provided with a rod insertion hole for inserting and cooperating with the drive rod along the radial direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner hole of the guide shaft is composed of a trapezoidal threaded hole at the top, a transition hole in the middle, and a polygonal positioning hole at the bottom; the guide shaft is composed of a guide fitting section that mates with the press-in shaft, a shaft positioning section that mates with the shaft to be installed, and a locking nut connecting section that connects with the lower locking nut, arranged sequentially from top to bottom with decreasing outer diameters.

[0012] The second objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0013] A method for using a non-destructive mounting device for precision bearings includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: First, install the two matched precision bearings to be installed on the guide shaft in the correct direction, below the lower pressure plate of the spherical clamping ring, and then put the bearing retaining ring on the outer circle of the two precision bearings.

[0015] Step 2: Pass the guide shaft through the inner hole of the shaft to be installed, then fit the concave spherical washer and the convex spherical washer onto the lower part of the guide shaft one after the other with their spherical surfaces facing each other. Finally, screw the lower locking nut onto the lower locking nut connecting section of the guide shaft; by locking the lower locking nut, the guide shaft is clamped and fixed.

[0016] Step 3: Install the guide shaft onto a fixed device through the polygonal positioning hole at the lower end. With the bearing fixing ring sleeve held by hand, rotate the drive rod to make the shaft move downward. The shaft drives the pressing shaft, spherical clamping ring and clamping ring limiting sleeve to move downward synchronously. Through the action of the lower pressing table, it pushes the upper inner rings of the two precision bearings downward.

[0017] Step 4: When the precision bearing moves downward to the upper end face of the shaft to be installed, the inner ring of the bearing is evenly stressed by adjusting the deflection of the convex spherical washer around the concave spherical washer. The two precision bearings are then pressed onto the outer ring of the shaft to be installed, thus completing the bearing installation.

[0018] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. This invention achieves precise positioning and installation of the shaft to be installed through a pair of ball joints at the lower part, and achieves self-adjustment of the clamping force acting on the inner ring of the bearing during the process of pressing the precision bearing onto the shaft to be installed through a pair of ball joints at the upper part, ensuring that the precision bearing is pressed onto the shaft to be installed under uniform clamping force.

[0020] 2. The device of this invention improves the accuracy and reliability of bearing assembly; reduces damage to bearings and shafts; and increases the efficiency of bearing assembly.

[0021] 3. This invention reduces the difficulty of operation for operators during the assembly process, does not require high operating skills from workshop workers, and is applicable to a wide range of operators. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a reference diagram showing the usage state of the installation device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The structure of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that these embodiments are descriptive and not limiting.

[0024] A non-destructive mounting device for precision bearings, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 It includes a drive rod 1, a rotating shaft 5, a press-in shaft, a guide shaft 7, an outer pressure ring 3, an inner clamping nut 2, a tooling bearing 4, a spherical clamping ring 8, a clamping ring limiting sleeve 6, a concave spherical washer 12, a convex spherical washer 13, and a lower locking nut 14.

[0025] The lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a trapezoidal external thread, the middle part of the rotating shaft is provided with a shoulder, the upper middle part of the rotating shaft is provided with an external thread, and the upper part of the rotating shaft is provided with a rod insertion hole along the radial direction. The rotating shaft is connected to the drive rod through the rod insertion hole, so that the rotating shaft can be driven to rotate by the drive rod.

[0026] The press-fit shaft is a hollow shaft, and its inner bore consists of upper and lower bearing mounting holes and guide shaft mounting holes. The press-fit shaft is located outside the rotating shaft, and two tooled bearings form a rotational support fit between the bearing mounting holes of the press-fit shaft and the upper end of the rotating shaft located on the shoulder. The outer pressure ring is fixedly installed on the upper end of the press-fit shaft with screws, forming a pressing contact with the outer ring of the tooled bearing. The inner pressure nut is connected to the external thread in the upper part of the rotating shaft and forms a pressing contact with the inner ring of the tooled bearing.

[0027] The guide shaft is a hollow shaft with an inner bore consisting of a trapezoidal threaded hole at the top, a transition hole in the middle, and a polygonal positioning hole at the bottom. The polygonal positioning hole is preferably, but not limited to, a square hole. The guide shaft comprises a guide fitting section, a shaft positioning section, and a locking nut connecting section, arranged sequentially with decreasing outer diameters. The diameter of the guide fitting section can form a clearance fit with the inner bore of the bearing to be installed. The guide shaft forms a clearance insertion fit with the guide shaft mounting hole of the press-in shaft through the guide fitting section. The lower locking nut is threaded onto the locking nut connecting section. The concave spherical washer and the convex spherical washer are fitted onto the hollow shaft at the upper end of the locking nut in a spherical contact manner, so that the shaft sleeve of the bearing to be installed is pressed tightly against the outside of the shaft positioning section of the guide shaft.

[0028] The clamping ring limiting sleeve is fixed to the lower end of the press-in shaft, forming a spherical clamping ring mounting cavity between the lower end of the press-in shaft and the inner cavity of the clamping ring limiting sleeve. The spherical clamping ring is placed in the spherical clamping ring mounting cavity with mating clearances in both the radial and axial directions. The axial mating clearance is 0.3 mm, and the radial mating clearance is 0.5 mm. The upper end of the spherical clamping ring has a concave spherical surface, and the lower end of the press-in shaft has a convex spherical surface that mates with the concave spherical surface. The lower end of the spherical clamping ring has a lower pressing platform extending from the inner hole of the clamping ring limiting sleeve, and the size of the lower pressing platform matches the inner ring diameter of the bearing to be installed.

[0029] A method for using a non-destructive mounting device for precision bearings includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: First, install the two matched precision bearings 9 to be installed on the guide shaft in the correct direction, below the lower pressure plate of the spherical clamping ring, and then put the bearing retaining ring 10 on the outer circle of the two precision bearings.

[0031] Step 2: First, pass the guide shaft through the inner hole of the shaft 11 to be installed. Then, successively install the concave spherical washer and the convex spherical washer onto the lower part of the guide shaft with their spherical surfaces facing each other. Finally, screw the lower locking nut onto the lower locking nut connecting section of the guide shaft. By tightening the lower locking nut, the guide shaft is pressed and fixed.

[0032] The end face of the shaft to be installed has a high degree of flatness, and the perpendicularity between the end face and the inner hole is also very high. When the guide shaft is installed into the shaft to be installed, it relies on the end face and the inner hole for positioning to ensure good coaxiality between the guide shaft and the shaft to be installed after installation. The mating ball joint between the concave spherical washer and the convex spherical washer allows the end face of the shaft to be installed and the end face of the guide shaft to fit better. This prevents the problem of the guide shaft and the end face of the shaft to be installed not fitting well when the lower lock nut is tightened due to poor perpendicularity between the end face of the lower lock nut and the center line. This ensures the coaxiality of the outer circles of the guide shaft and the shaft to be installed after installation.

[0033] Step 3: Install the guide shaft onto a fixed device through the polygonal positioning hole at the lower end. With the bearing fixing ring sleeve held by hand, rotate the drive rod to make the shaft move downward. The shaft drives the pressing shaft, spherical clamping ring and clamping ring limiting sleeve to move downward synchronously. Through the action of the lower pressing table, it pushes the upper inner rings of the two precision bearings downward.

[0034] Step 4: When the precision bearing moves downward to the upper end face of the shaft to be installed, the inner ring of the bearing is evenly stressed by adjusting the deflection of the convex spherical washer around the concave spherical washer. The two precision bearings are then pressed onto the outer ring of the shaft to be installed, thus completing the bearing installation.

[0035] Because the inner bore of the precision bearing and the outer circle of the shaft to be installed have an interference fit, the bearing end face will experience resistance from the end face of the shaft to be installed. The inner bore of the precision bearing and the outer circle of the guide shaft have a clearance fit. Therefore, when the precision bearing moves downwards, the bearing end face and the axis of the guide shaft are not necessarily perpendicular. When the bearing contacts the shaft to be installed, not the entire bearing end face will necessarily contact simultaneously. In reality, one point contacts first, and then they gradually contact each other. During this process from point contact to surface contact, if force is applied downwards in a normal manner, the bearing inner bore and the outer circle of the shaft to be installed will engage, damaging both the outer circle of the shaft to be installed and the inner bore of the precision bearing, resulting in damage to the parts.

[0036] The press-in shaft and spherical clamping ring of this non-destructive testing device are a pair of spherical structures. When the end face of the precision bearing stops moving downwards under force, the spherical clamping ring also stops moving. The press-in shaft continues to move downwards. The point where the precision bearing first contacts the shaft to be installed applies an upward force to the spherical clamping ring. Because the press-in shaft and the spherical clamping ring are in spherical contact, the fit is very precise. At this time, the spherical clamping ring will rotate slightly around the center of the sphere, causing the point opposite the point where the precision bearing and the shaft to be installed have already contacted to move downwards until they contact the end face of the shaft to be installed, until the entire end face of the precision bearing contacts the end face of the shaft to be installed. When the entire end face of the precision bearing contacts the end face of the shaft, because the end face of the shaft has a uniform circumferential chamfer, when the precision bearing continues to move downwards under force, the precision bearing can be pressed into the shaft to be installed without jamming.

[0037] This invention can be used for precision and non-destructive assembly of bearings in industries such as aerospace, aviation, shipbuilding, and precision instruments, and has a very broad prospect for promotion and application.

[0038] Although embodiments and drawings of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A non-destructive mounting device for precision bearings, characterized in that: It includes a drive rod, a rotating shaft, a press-in shaft, a guide shaft, an outer pressure ring, an inner clamping nut, a tooling bearing, a spherical clamping ring, a clamping ring limiting sleeve, a concave spherical washer, a convex spherical washer, and a lower locking nut. The guide shaft is a fixed shaft, and both the press-in shaft and the guide shaft are hollow shafts. The press-in shaft is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and the two are supported by a tooling bearing. The outer pressure ring is fixedly installed on the upper end of the press-in shaft and presses against the outer ring of the tooling bearing. The inner pressure nut is threaded onto the rotating shaft and presses against the inner ring of the tooling bearing. The drive rod is driven to the upper end of the rotating shaft. The clamping ring limiting sleeve is fixed to the lower end of the press-in shaft, forming a spherical clamping ring mounting cavity between the lower end of the press-in shaft and the inner cavity of the clamping ring limiting sleeve. The spherical clamping ring is placed in the spherical clamping ring mounting cavity with a fitting clearance along the radial and axial directions. The upper end of the spherical clamping ring is fitted to the lower end of the press-in shaft through a spherical pair. The lower end of the spherical clamping ring is provided with a lower pressing platform extending from the inner hole of the clamping ring limiting sleeve. The size of the lower pressing platform matches the inner ring diameter of the bearing to be installed. During the bearing installation process, the lower pressing platform contacts the upper end of the inner ring of the precision bearing to be installed. The upper end of the guide shaft is inserted into the lower hole of the press-in shaft with a clearance fit, and the guide shaft is engaged with the trapezoidal external thread at the lower part of the rotating shaft through the trapezoidal threaded hole at the upper part. The lower locking nut is threaded to the external thread on the lower part of the guide shaft. The concave spherical washer and the convex spherical washer are sleeved on the hollow shaft at the upper end of the locking nut in a spherical contact manner, so that the shaft positioning sleeve of the bearing to be installed is fitted on the guide shaft.

2. The non-destructive installation device for precision bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the shaft is provided with the trapezoidal external thread, the middle part of the shaft is provided with a shoulder for positioning the inner ring of the tooling bearing, the upper middle part of the shaft is provided with an external thread for the inner clamping nut, and the upper part of the shaft is provided with a rod insertion hole for inserting and fitting with the drive rod along the radial direction.

3. The non-destructive mounting device for precision bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the guide shaft is composed of a trapezoidal threaded hole at the top, a transition hole in the middle, and a polygonal positioning hole at the bottom; the guide shaft is composed of a guide mating section that mates with the press-in shaft, a shaft positioning section that mates with the shaft to be installed, and a locking nut connecting section that connects with the lower locking nut, arranged sequentially from top to bottom with decreasing outer diameters.

4. A method of using a non-destructive installation device for a precision bearing according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, install the two matched precision bearings to be installed on the guide shaft in the correct direction, below the lower pressure plate of the spherical clamping ring, and then put the bearing retaining ring on the outer circle of the two precision bearings. Step 2: Pass the guide shaft through the inner hole of the shaft to be installed, then fit the concave spherical washer and the convex spherical washer onto the lower part of the guide shaft one after the other with their spherical surfaces facing each other. Finally, screw the lower locking nut onto the lower locking nut connecting section of the guide shaft. By locking the lower locking nut, the guide shaft is clamped and fixed. Step 3: Install the guide shaft onto a fixed device through the polygonal positioning hole at the lower end. With the bearing fixing ring sleeve held by hand, rotate the drive rod to make the shaft move downward. The shaft drives the pressing shaft, spherical clamping ring and clamping ring limiting sleeve to move downward synchronously. Through the action of the lower pressing table, it pushes the upper inner rings of the two precision bearings downward. Step 4: When the precision bearing moves downward to the upper end face of the shaft to be installed, the inner ring of the bearing is evenly stressed by adjusting the deflection of the convex spherical washer around the concave spherical washer. The two precision bearings are then pressed onto the outer ring of the shaft to be installed, thus completing the bearing installation.

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