A carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline

Abstract

This invention provides a carbon dioxide vaporization system for a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline initial station, belonging to the field of carbon dioxide vaporization. It includes a gaseous CO2 inlet manifold, a compressor, a cooling device, a supercritical CO2 pipeline, a storage tank, an evaporator, and safety protection devices. The gaseous CO2 inlet manifold is connected to the compressor via a pipeline. The compressor is connected to the cooling device, which is connected to the supercritical CO2 pipeline via a pipeline. The storage tank is connected to the evaporator, which is connected to the compressor via a pipeline, and also to the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold and the storage tank via a pipeline. The evaporator has a coil inside, allowing supercritical CO2 to exchange heat with the liquid CO2 inside the evaporator, promoting liquid CO2 vaporization. A heating element is installed at the bottom of the evaporator; when the pressurized supercritical CO2 lacks sufficient heat, an electric heating element is activated to supplement the heat source. The storage tank is connected to the evaporator outlet via a return pipeline to ensure pressure balance within the storage tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon dioxide gasification, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline. Background Technology

[0002] CCUS technology involves purifying the carbon dioxide emitted during production and then reusing it in new production processes, allowing for recycling rather than simple storage. Among these applications, using carbon dioxide for oil displacement shows promising promise.

[0003] Carbon dioxide flooding (CCF) is a technique that injects carbon dioxide into oil-bearing formations to enhance oil recovery. Initially, carbon dioxide does not form a miscible phase upon first contact with the formation crude oil. However, under suitable pressure, temperature, and crude oil composition conditions, carbon dioxide can form a miscible front. Supercritical fluids extract heavier hydrocarbons from the crude oil and continuously concentrate the gas at the displacement front. Thus, carbon dioxide and crude oil become a miscible liquid, forming a single liquid phase, effectively displacing the formation crude oil into the production well. CCF can significantly improve oil recovery and extend the well's productive life.

[0004] When transporting supercritical / liquid CO2 via pipeline, the pipeline system includes both compressor stations and pump stations. Long-distance CO2 pipelines primarily use supercritical CO2 pipelines, mainly comprising a pre-capture CO2 pressurization station, distribution valve chambers, intermediate pressurization pump stations, distribution stations, and terminal stations. The requirements for supercritical CO2 pipelines entering the pre-capture station are: gaseous CO2, CO2 content meeting standards, and inlet pressure matching the inlet pressure of the supercritical CO2 compressor.

[0005] To meet production requirements, people choose low-temperature liquefaction distillation when purifying CO2. Therefore, the final CO2 produced is low-temperature liquid CO2. If the liquid CO2 is vaporized and then transported to the CO2 pressurization station, the pipeline transportation cost of gaseous CO2 is much higher than that of liquid CO2, which would increase energy consumption and pipeline transportation costs. Therefore, people mostly choose to transport liquid CO2 to the CO2 pressurization station by tank truck.

[0006] Currently, there is a common problem: after liquid CO2 is transported to the CO2 booster station, it needs to be vaporized, but the existing supercritical CO2 pipeline booster station does not have the function of vaporizing liquid CO2.

[0007] Chinese utility model patent CN 212869350 U discloses a liquid carbon dioxide vaporization device, including a box body. An operating platform is installed on one side of the outer surface of the box body, and a base is installed at the bottom of the box body. A water inlet pipe and a drain valve pass through the top and bottom of the box body, respectively. A liquid inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe pass through the middle of both sides of the box body, respectively. A pressure reducing valve is installed on one side of the outer surface of the gas outlet pipe. A spiral heat exchanger is connected between the liquid inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe. This liquid carbon dioxide vaporization device is equipped with a rotating shaft and actuating plates. When the user injects water into the box body through the water inlet pipe, the heater heats the water. At the same time, the motor rotates, and the rotating shaft drives the actuating plates to rotate. The rotation of multiple actuating plates can make the water in the box body ripple, so that the water is heated more evenly, thereby increasing the heating speed of the water and avoiding the situation where the water in the box body of the device heats up slowly. The principle is that of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, liquid CO2 enters the tube side and heating medium (water) enters the shell side. Due to the small space inside the tube side, the amount of CO2 vaporized is relatively small. This method is usually used in the industrial and food processing industries. It cannot be used for the vaporization of large amounts of liquid CO2. Moreover, the medium needs to be heated separately, which increases energy consumption. Furthermore, the pressure of the vaporized CO2 cannot meet the inlet pressure of the CO2 compressor.

[0008] Chinese utility model patent CN 216923992 U discloses a liquid carbon dioxide vaporization device, including a liquid carbon dioxide storage device, a carbon dioxide liquid bath vaporizer, and a heat exchange device. The carbon dioxide liquid bath vaporizer contains a coil. By placing a high-temperature liquid inside the carbon dioxide liquid bath vaporizer to heat the liquid carbon dioxide liquid bath in the coil, the liquid carbon dioxide can be vaporized. Its principle is based on a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, with liquid CO2 entering the tube side and the heating medium entering the shell side. Due to the small space inside the tube side, the amount of CO2 vaporized is relatively small. This method is typically used in industrial and food processing industries and cannot be used for the vaporization of large quantities of liquid CO2. Furthermore, the medium needs to be heated separately, increasing energy consumption, and the pressure of the vaporized CO2 cannot meet the inlet pressure of a CO2 compressor. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide system. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to achieve large-scale carbon dioxide gasification.

[0010] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a carbon dioxide gasification system for a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline initial station, comprising a gaseous CO2 inlet manifold, a compressor, a cooling device, a supercritical CO2 pipeline, a storage tank, an evaporator, and a safety protection device. The gaseous CO2 inlet manifold is connected to the compressor inlet via a pipeline; the compressor outlet is connected to the cooling device inlet via a pipeline; the cooling device outlet is connected to the supercritical CO2 pipeline via a pipeline; the storage tank outlet is connected to the evaporator inlet via a pipeline; the evaporator outlet is connected to the compressor outlet via a pipeline; the evaporator outlet is connected to the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold via a pipeline; the evaporator outlet is connected to the storage tank inlet via a pipeline; the evaporator outlet is connected to the safety protection device via a pipeline; the evaporator is connected to the cooling device inlet; and the evaporator is connected to the supercritical CO2 pipeline. A return pipeline connects the storage tank to the evaporator outlet to ensure pressure balance within the storage tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the evaporator is equipped with a coil inside, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the compressor via a pipe, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet of the supercritical CO2 pipeline via a pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a first gate valve is installed on the pipeline between the coil and the compressor.

[0013] Furthermore, a first control valve and a second control valve are installed on the pipeline between the evaporator and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold. The second control valve is installed on the pipeline between the first control valve and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold. The second control valve is a check valve, and the first control valve is a pressure reducing valve.

[0014] Furthermore, a first flow meter is installed on the pipeline between the second control valve and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold.

[0015] Furthermore, the safety protection device includes a third control valve and a vent pipe. The third control valve and the vent pipe are respectively connected to the gas outlet of the evaporator through pipes. A fifth gate valve is installed on the pipe between the vent pipe and the evaporator.

[0016] The secondary outlet of the evaporator is connected to the fifth gate valve and the vent pipe through a pipeline. When equipment failure or maintenance occurs, the CO2 in the evaporator is released by opening the fifth gate valve.

[0017] Furthermore, the third control valve is a safety valve, used to ensure that the internal pressure of the evaporator does not exceed the design pressure limit.

[0018] Furthermore, a heating element is installed at the bottom of the evaporator. When the heat from the pressurized supercritical CO2 is insufficient to vaporize the liquid CO2, the heating element can be opened to supplement the heat source.

[0019] Furthermore, a pump is installed on the pipeline connecting the outlet of the storage tank and the inlet of the evaporator.

[0020] Furthermore, the level gauge is connected to the evaporator.

[0021] Furthermore, a second flow meter is installed on the pipe connecting the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold to the compressor.

[0022] The first flow meter and the second flow meter are gas ultrasonic flow meters, gas vortex flow meters, etc.

[0023] The pump is installed on the pipeline between the storage tank and the evaporator. The pump is a canned motor pump.

[0024] The compressor can pressurize gaseous CO2. The compressor is a reciprocating piston compressor. The inlet pressure is the design inlet pressure of the first supercritical CO2 pipeline pressurization station, and the outlet pressure is the design outlet pressure of the first supercritical CO2 pipeline pressurization station.

[0025] The cooling system is capable of cooling the supercritical CO2 output from the compressor. The cooling system can be an air cooler or a liquid-circulating water-cooled heat dissipation device.

[0026] The coil provided in this invention allows supercritical CO2 to exchange heat with the liquid CO2 inside the evaporator, promoting the vaporization of the liquid CO2.

[0027] A level gauge is installed in the evaporator, and the liquid level gauge height is used to adjust the shielded pump to control the liquid CO2 inlet flow rate.

[0028] The evaporator is equipped with an electric heating element at the bottom. When the supercritical CO2 after pressurization is insufficient, the electric heating element is turned on to supplement the heat source.

[0029] The storage tank is connected to the outlet pipe of the evaporator via a return pipe to ensure pressure balance inside the storage tank.

[0030] The pressure reducing valve controls the gaseous CO2 to a certain pressure before it flows into the compressor inlet pipe.

[0031] A check valve is required to prevent gaseous substances from flowing back into the evaporator after the pressure in the evaporator tank decreases.

[0032] The secondary outlet of the evaporator is connected to the fifth gate valve and the vent pipe through a pipeline. When equipment failure or maintenance occurs, the CO2 in the evaporator is released by opening the fifth gate valve.

[0033] Safety valves are used to ensure that the internal pressure of the evaporator does not exceed the design pressure limit.

[0034] The system described in this invention compresses the CO2 vaporized in the evaporator, and utilizes the waste heat of the compressed supercritical CO2 to exchange heat with the liquid CO2, promoting vaporization and achieving heat energy recovery and utilization. The technical advantages of the loop design for utilizing the waste heat from compression are: reduced heat energy consumption, shorter system circulation path, and higher operating efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0038] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the following detailed description of a carbon dioxide gasification system for a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline first station is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] Figure 1The diagram illustrates the structure of a first embodiment of a carbon dioxide vaporization system for a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline first station according to the present invention, including a gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1, a compressor 2, a cooling device 3, a supercritical CO2 pipeline 4, liquid CO2 5, a storage tank 6, a pump 7, an evaporator 8, a first gate valve 11, a second gate valve 22, a third gate valve 33, a fourth gate valve 44, a first control valve 55, a second control valve 66, a pressure gauge 101, a level gauge 102, a first thermometer 103, a second thermometer 104, a first flow meter 105, a second flow meter 106, and a safety protection device.

[0043] The gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 is connected to the inlet of compressor 2 via a pipeline. The outlet of compressor 2 is connected to the inlet of cooling device 3 via a pipeline. The outlet of cooling device 3 is connected to supercritical CO2 pipeline 4 via a pipeline. The outlet of storage tank 6 is connected to evaporator 8 via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to the outlet of compressor 2 via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to the inlet of storage tank 6 via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to safety protection device via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to the inlet of cooling device 3 via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0044] The first gate valve 11 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the compressor 2.

[0045] The second gate valve 22 is installed on the pipeline between the compressor 2 and the cooling device 3.

[0046] The third gate valve 33 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the cooling device.

[0047] The fourth gate valve 44 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the storage tank 6.

[0048] The first control valve 55 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0049] The second control valve 66 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0050] Pressure gauge 101 is connected to evaporator 8.

[0051] The level gauge 102 is connected to the evaporator 8. The pump 7 is adjusted via the level gauge 102 to control the inflow of liquid CO2.

[0052] The first thermometer 103 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0053] The second thermometer 104 is installed on the pipe between the outlet of the cooling device 3 and the supercritical CO2 pipe 4.

[0054] The first flow meter 105 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1. It is used to measure the amount of CO2 gas entering the compressor 2 after evaporation.

[0055] The second flow meter 106 is installed on the pipeline between the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 and the compressor 2.

[0056] The first flow meter 105 and the second flow meter 106 are gas ultrasonic flow meters, gas vortex flow meters, etc.

[0057] Pump 7 is installed on the pipeline between storage tank 6 and evaporator 8. Pump 7 is a canned motor pump.

[0058] Compressor 2 is capable of pressurizing gaseous CO2. Compressor 2 is a reciprocating piston compressor. The inlet pressure is the design inlet pressure of the first supercritical CO2 pipeline pressurization station, and the outlet pressure is the design outlet pressure of the first supercritical CO2 pipeline pressurization station.

[0059] The cooling device 3 is capable of cooling the supercritical CO2 output from the compressor 2. The cooling device 3 is an air cooler or a liquid circulating water cooling heat dissipation device.

[0060] The working process of the carbon dioxide gasification system used in the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline is as follows:

[0061] When there is no liquid CO2 input, the first gate valve 11 is closed, the second gate valve 22 is opened, and the outlet of the compressor 2 is adjusted to the conventional air-cooling process. Gaseous CO2 is introduced from the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1, enters the compressor 2 for pressurization, and then is output from the outlet of the compressor 2 and enters the cooling device 3. After the supercritical CO2 is cooled by the cooling device 3, it enters the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0062] When liquid CO2 is input, firstly, the first gate valve 11 and the second gate valve 44 are opened, and the second gate valve 22 and the third gate valve 33 are closed. Liquid CO2 enters the storage tank 6. Once sufficient liquid CO2 is ensured in the storage tank 6, the pump 7 is turned on to pump liquid CO25 into the evaporator 8, maintaining a certain liquid level in the evaporator 8. The compressor 2 is then operated. Gaseous CO2 is collected through the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 and enters the compressor 2 for pressurization and heating. The compressed supercritical CO2 enters the evaporator 8 through the first gate valve 11, where it exchanges heat with the liquid CO2, causing the liquid CO2 to heat up and begin evaporation. Gaseous CO2, after being cooled and measured by the first thermometer 103, reaches the required temperature and enters the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4. When the gaseous CO2 in the evaporator 8 evaporates to a certain capacity, the pressure reaches a certain upper limit. At this time, the pressure of the gaseous CO2 is reduced to the inlet pressure of the compressor 2 through the first control valve 55. The gaseous CO2 is then measured by the second control valve 66 and the first flow meter 105, and merges with the gaseous CO2 in the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 to enter the compressor 2 for pressurization. Finally, the liquid CO2 completes the waste heat absorption, heating, evaporation, depressurization, and pressurization to the supercritical state, and finally enters the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0063] If the temperature of the supercritical CO2 after passing through evaporator 8 is still high, the third gate valve 33 is opened to allow the supercritical CO2 after heat exchange to be further cooled by cooling device 3 before entering the inlet of supercritical CO2 pipeline 4. To prevent gaseous backflow into evaporator 8 after the tank pressure decreases, a second control valve 66 is installed on the pipeline between evaporator 8 and gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0064] The outlet of storage tank 6 is connected to evaporator 8 through a pipeline, and liquid CO2 enters evaporator 8 through storage tank 6.

[0065] The outlet pipe of the storage tank 6 is connected to the outlet pipe of the evaporator 8 via a return pipe to ensure the pressure balance inside the storage tank 6.

[0066] The evaporator 8 is connected to a safety protection device, which ensures the safety of the entire system.

[0067] The system described in this invention compresses the CO2 vaporized in the evaporator 8, and utilizes the waste heat of the compressed supercritical CO2 to exchange heat with the liquid CO2, promoting vaporization and achieving heat energy recovery and utilization. The technical advantages of the loop design for utilizing the waste heat from compression are: reduced heat energy consumption, shorter system circulation path, and higher operating efficiency.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] Figure 1The diagram illustrates the structure of a first embodiment of a carbon dioxide vaporization system for a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline first station according to the present invention, including a gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1, a compressor 2, a cooling device 3, a supercritical CO2 pipeline 4, liquid CO2 5, a storage tank 6, a pump 7, an evaporator 8, a first gate valve 11, a second gate valve 22, a third gate valve 33, a fourth gate valve 44, a first control valve 55, a second control valve 66, a pressure gauge 101, a level gauge 102, a first thermometer 103, a second thermometer 104, a first flow meter 105, a second flow meter 106, and a safety protection device.

[0070] The evaporator 8 includes a liquid inlet 801, a main air outlet 802, a secondary air outlet 803, a coil 804, and a heating tube 805. The liquid inlet 801 is located on the side wall of the evaporator 8, the main air outlet 802 and the secondary air outlet 803 are located at the bottom of the evaporator 8, and the coil 804 and the heating tube 805 are located inside the evaporator.

[0071] The gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 is connected to the inlet of compressor 2 via a pipeline. The outlet of compressor 2 is connected to the inlet of cooling device 3 via a pipeline. The outlet of cooling device 3 is connected to supercritical CO2 pipeline 4 via a pipeline. The outlet of storage tank 6 is connected to the liquid inlet 801 of evaporator 8 via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to the outlet of compressor 2 via a pipeline. The main outlet 802 of evaporator 8 is connected to the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 via a pipeline. The main outlet 802 of evaporator 8 is connected to the inlet of storage tank 6 via a pipeline. The secondary outlet 803 of evaporator 8 is connected to a safety protection device. Evaporator 8 is connected to the inlet of cooling device 3 and supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0072] The first gate valve 11 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the compressor 2.

[0073] The second gate valve 22 is installed on the pipeline between the compressor 2 and the cooling device 3.

[0074] The third gate valve 33 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the cooling device.

[0075] The fourth gate valve 44 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the storage tank 6.

[0076] The first control valve 55 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0077] The second control valve 66 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0078] Pressure gauge 101 is connected to evaporator 8.

[0079] The level gauge 102 is connected to the evaporator 8. The pump 7 is adjusted via the level gauge 102 to control the inflow of liquid CO2.

[0080] The first thermometer 103 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0081] The second thermometer 104 is installed on the pipe between the outlet of the cooling device 3 and the supercritical CO2 pipe 4.

[0082] The first flow meter 105 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1. It is used to measure the amount of CO2 gas entering the compressor 2 after evaporation.

[0083] The second flow meter 106 is installed on the pipeline between the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 and the compressor 2.

[0084] The first flow meter 105 and the second flow meter 106 are gas ultrasonic flow meters, gas vortex flow meters, etc.

[0085] Pump 7 is installed on the pipeline between storage tank 6 and evaporator 8. Pump 7 is a canned motor pump.

[0086] Compressor 2 is capable of pressurizing gaseous CO2. Compressor 2 is a reciprocating piston compressor. The inlet pressure is the design inlet pressure of the first supercritical CO2 pipeline pressurization station, and the outlet pressure is the design outlet pressure of the first supercritical CO2 pipeline pressurization station.

[0087] The cooling device 3 is capable of cooling the supercritical CO2 output from the compressor 2. The cooling device 3 is an air cooler or a liquid circulating water cooling heat dissipation device.

[0088] If the supercritical CO2 temperature is still high after passing through coil 804, the third gate valve 33 is opened to allow the supercritical CO2 after heat exchange to be further cooled by the cooling device 3 before entering the inlet of the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4. To prevent gaseous backflow into the evaporator 8 after the tank pressure decreases, a second control valve 66 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0089] The bottom of the evaporator 8 is equipped with a heating tube 805. When the heat of the pressurized supercritical CO2 is insufficient to vaporize the liquid CO2, the heating tube 805 can be opened to supplement the heat source.

[0090] The outlet of storage tank 6 is connected to the inlet 801 of evaporator 8 through a pipe, and liquid CO2 enters evaporator 8 through storage tank 6.

[0091] The outlet pipe of the storage tank 6 is connected to the outlet pipe of the evaporator 8 via a return pipe to ensure the pressure balance inside the storage tank 6.

[0092] The evaporator 8 is connected to a safety protection device to ensure the safety of the entire system.

[0093] The system described in this invention compresses the CO2 vaporized in the evaporator 8, and utilizes the waste heat of the compressed supercritical CO2 to exchange heat with the liquid CO2, promoting vaporization and achieving heat energy recovery and utilization. The technical advantages of the loop design for utilizing the waste heat from compression are: reduced heat energy consumption, shorter system circulation path, and higher operating efficiency.

[0094] Example 3:

[0095] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the structure of a first embodiment of a carbon dioxide gasification system for a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline first station according to the present invention, including a gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1, a compressor 2, a cooling device 3, a supercritical CO2 pipeline 4, liquid CO2 5, a storage tank 6, a pump 7, an evaporator 8, a vent pipe 9, a first gate valve 11, a second gate valve 22, a third gate valve 33, a fourth gate valve 44, a first control valve 55, a second control valve 66, a third control valve 77, a fifth gate valve 88, a pressure gauge 101, a level gauge 102, a first thermometer 103, a second thermometer 104, a first flow meter 105, and a second flow meter 106.

[0096] The evaporator 8 includes a liquid inlet 801, a main air outlet 802, a secondary air outlet 803, a coil 804, and a heating tube 805. The liquid inlet 801 is located on the side wall of the evaporator 8, the main air outlet 802 and the secondary air outlet 803 are located at the bottom of the evaporator 8, and the coil 804 and the heating tube 805 are located inside the evaporator.

[0097] The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that:

[0098] The safety protection device includes a third control valve 77, a fifth gate valve 88, and a vent pipe 9. The third control valve 77 is connected to the secondary outlet 803 of the evaporator 8 through a pipeline, the fifth gate valve 88 is connected to the secondary outlet 803 of the evaporator 8 through a pipeline, and the vent pipe 9 is connected to the fifth gate valve 88 through a pipeline.

[0099] The gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 is connected to the inlet of compressor 2 via a pipeline. The outlet of compressor 2 is connected to the inlet of cooling device 3 via a pipeline. The outlet of cooling device 3 is connected to supercritical CO2 pipeline 4 via a pipeline. The outlet of storage tank 6 is connected to the liquid inlet 801 of evaporator 8 via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to the outlet of compressor 2 via a pipeline. The main outlet 802 of evaporator 8 is connected to the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 via a pipeline. The main outlet 802 of evaporator 8 is connected to the inlet of storage tank 6 via a pipeline. The secondary outlet 803 of evaporator 8 is connected to the third control valve 77 via a pipeline. The secondary outlet 803 of evaporator 8 is connected to the fifth gate valve 88 via a pipeline. The vent pipe 9 is connected to the fifth gate valve 88 via a pipeline. Evaporator 8 is connected to the inlet of cooling device 3 and supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0100] The first gate valve 11 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the compressor 2.

[0101] The second gate valve 22 is installed on the pipeline between the compressor 2 and the cooling device 3.

[0102] The third gate valve 33 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the cooling device.

[0103] The fourth gate valve 44 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the storage tank 6.

[0104] The first control valve 55 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0105] The second control valve 66 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0106] Pressure gauge 101 is connected to evaporator 8.

[0107] The level gauge 102 is connected to the evaporator 8. The pump 7 is adjusted via the level gauge 102 to control the inflow of liquid CO2.

[0108] The first thermometer 103 is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator 8 and the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0109] The second thermometer 104 is installed on the pipe between the outlet of the cooling device 3 and the supercritical CO2 pipe 4.

[0110] The first flow meter 105 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1. It is used to measure the amount of CO2 gas entering the compressor 2 after evaporation.

[0111] The second flow meter 106 is installed on the pipeline between the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 and the compressor 2.

[0112] The first flow meter 105 and the second flow meter 106 are gas ultrasonic flow meters, gas vortex flow meters, etc.

[0113] Pump 7 is installed on the pipeline between storage tank 6 and evaporator 8. Pump 7 is a canned motor pump.

[0114] Compressor 2 is capable of pressurizing gaseous CO2. Compressor 2 is a reciprocating piston compressor. The inlet pressure is the design inlet pressure of the first supercritical CO2 pipeline pressurization station, and the outlet pressure is the design outlet pressure of the first supercritical CO2 pipeline pressurization station.

[0115] The cooling device 3 is capable of cooling the supercritical CO2 output from the compressor 2. The cooling device 3 is an air cooler or a liquid circulating water cooling heat dissipation device.

[0116] The working process of the carbon dioxide gasification system used in the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline is as follows:

[0117] When there is no liquid CO2 input, the first gate valve 11 is closed, the second gate valve 22 is opened, and the outlet of the compressor 2 is adjusted to the conventional air-cooling process. Gaseous CO2 is introduced from the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1, enters the compressor 2 for pressurization, and then is output from the outlet of the compressor 2 and enters the cooling device 3. After the supercritical CO2 is cooled by the cooling device 3, it enters the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0118] When liquid CO2 is input, the first gate valve 11 and the second gate valve 44 are opened first, and the second gate valve 22, the third gate valve 33, and the fifth gate valve 88 are closed. The liquid CO2 enters the storage tank 6. After ensuring that there is sufficient liquid CO2 in the storage tank 6, the pump 7 is turned on to transport the liquid CO2 5 into the evaporator 8, so that the liquid CO2 in the evaporator 8 is maintained at a certain liquid level. The compressor 2 is run, and the gaseous CO2 is collected through the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 and enters the compressor 2 for pressurization and heating. The compressed supercritical CO2 enters the coil 804 in the evaporator 8 through the first gate valve 11. The supercritical CO2 and the liquid CO2 exchange heat through the pipe wall of the coil 804, so that the liquid CO2 is heated and begins to evaporate into gaseous CO2. After the supercritical CO2 in the coil 804 cools down, it is measured by the first thermometer 103. When the required temperature is reached, the gaseous CO2 enters the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4. When the gaseous CO2 in the evaporator 8 evaporates to a certain capacity, the pressure reaches a certain upper limit. At this time, the pressure of the gaseous CO2 is reduced to the inlet pressure of the compressor 2 through the first control valve 55. After being measured by the second control valve 66 and the first flow meter 105, the gaseous CO2 merges with the gaseous CO2 in the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1 and enters the compressor 2 for pressurization. Finally, the liquid CO2 completes the waste heat absorption, heating, evaporation, and depressurization, and is then pressurized to the supercritical state before finally entering the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4.

[0119] If the supercritical CO2 temperature is still high after passing through coil 804, the third gate valve 33 is opened to allow the supercritical CO2 after heat exchange to be further cooled by the cooling device 3 before entering the inlet of the supercritical CO2 pipeline 4. To prevent gaseous backflow into the evaporator 8 after the tank pressure decreases, a second control valve 66 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1.

[0120] The bottom of the evaporator 8 is equipped with a heating tube 805. When the heat of the pressurized supercritical CO2 is insufficient to vaporize the liquid CO2, the heating tube 805 can be opened to supplement the heat source.

[0121] A third control valve 77 is installed at the 803 outlet of the 8th evaporator to ensure that the internal pressure of the 8th evaporator does not exceed the design pressure limit.

[0122] The outlet of storage tank 6 is connected to the inlet 801 of evaporator 8 through a pipe, and liquid CO2 enters evaporator 8 through storage tank 6.

[0123] The outlet pipe of the storage tank 6 is connected to the outlet pipe of the evaporator 8 via a return pipe to ensure the pressure balance inside the storage tank 6.

[0124] The outlet 803 of the evaporator 8 is connected to the fifth gate valve 88 and the vent pipe 9 through a pipeline. When equipment failure or maintenance occurs, the CO2 in the evaporator 8 is released by opening the fifth gate valve 88.

[0125] Example 4:

[0126] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the structure of a first embodiment of a carbon dioxide gasification system for a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline first station according to the present invention, including a gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1, a compressor 2, a cooling device 3, a supercritical CO2 pipeline 4, liquid CO2 5, a storage tank 6, a pump 7, an evaporator 8, a vent pipe 9, a first gate valve 11, a second gate valve 22, a third gate valve 33, a fourth gate valve 44, a first control valve 55, a second control valve 66, a third control valve 77, a fifth gate valve 88, a pressure gauge 101, a level gauge 102, a first thermometer 103, a second thermometer 104, a first flow meter 105, and a second flow meter 106.

[0127] The evaporator 8 includes a liquid inlet 801, a main air outlet 802, a secondary air outlet 803, a coil 804, and a heating tube 805. The liquid inlet 801 is located on the side wall of the evaporator 8, the main air outlet 802 and the secondary air outlet 803 are located at the bottom of the evaporator 8, and the coil 804 and the heating tube 805 are located inside the evaporator.

[0128] The safety protection device includes a third control valve 77, a fifth gate valve 88, and a vent pipe 9. The third control valve 77 is connected to the secondary outlet 803 of the evaporator 8 through a pipeline, the fifth gate valve 88 is connected to the secondary outlet 803 of the evaporator 8 through a pipeline, and the vent pipe 9 is connected to the fifth gate valve 88 through a pipeline.

[0129] The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that:

[0130] The first control valve 55 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1. The first control valve 55 is a pressure reducing valve.

[0131] The second control valve 66 is installed on the pipeline between the main outlet 802 of the evaporator 8 and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold 1. The second control valve 66 is a check valve.

[0132] A third control valve 77 is installed at the 803 outlet of the 8th evaporator. The third control valve 77 is a safety valve used to ensure that the internal pressure of the 8th evaporator does not exceed the design pressure limit.

[0133] The system described in this invention compresses the CO2 vaporized in the evaporator 8, and utilizes the waste heat of the compressed supercritical CO2 to exchange heat with the liquid CO2, promoting vaporization and achieving heat energy recovery and utilization. The technical advantages of the loop design for utilizing the waste heat from compression are: reduced heat energy consumption, shorter system circulation path, and higher operating efficiency.

[0134] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline, characterized in that, It includes a gaseous CO2 inlet manifold, compressor, cooling device, supercritical CO2 pipeline, storage tank, evaporator, and safety protection device. The gaseous CO2 inlet manifold is connected to the compressor inlet, the compressor outlet is connected to the cooling device inlet, the cooling device outlet is connected to the supercritical CO2 pipeline, the storage tank outlet is connected to the evaporator inlet, the evaporator is connected to the compressor outlet, the evaporator is connected to the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold, the evaporator is connected to the storage tank inlet, the evaporator is connected to the safety protection device, the evaporator is connected to the cooling device inlet, and the evaporator outlet is connected to the supercritical CO2 pipeline. The evaporator is equipped with a coil inside, one end of which is connected to the outlet of the compressor via a pipe, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet of the supercritical CO2 pipeline via a pipe; a heating tube is installed at the bottom of the evaporator to supplement the heat source. A first gate valve is installed on the pipeline between the coil and the compressor; a second gate valve is installed on the pipeline between the compressor and the cooling device; a third gate valve is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator and the cooling device; a first control valve and a second control valve are installed on the pipeline between the evaporator and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold; the second control valve is installed on the pipeline between the first control valve and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold. When no liquid CO2 is input, gaseous CO2 enters the compressor for pressurization. When liquid CO2 enters the storage tank, it is transported to the evaporator, and the compressor is running. The gaseous CO2 is collected through the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold and then enters the compressor for pressurization and heating. The compressed supercritical CO2 enters the coil, which heats up the liquid CO2 and begins to evaporate into gaseous CO2. If the temperature of the supercritical CO2 after passing through the coil is too high, the third gate valve is opened to allow the supercritical CO2 after heat exchange to enter the cooling device for further cooling before entering the supercritical CO2 pipeline inlet.

2. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second control valve is a check valve, and the first control valve is a pressure reducing valve.

3. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first flow meter is installed on the pipeline between the second control valve and the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold.

4. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first flow meter is a gas ultrasonic flow meter or a gas vortex flow meter.

5. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety protection device includes a third control valve and a vent pipe. The third control valve and the vent pipe are respectively connected to the gas outlet of the evaporator through pipes. A fifth gate valve is installed on the pipe between the vent pipe and the evaporator.

6. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third control valve is a safety valve.

7. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pump is installed on the pipeline connecting the outlet of the storage tank and the inlet of the evaporator.

8. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pump is a canned pump.

9. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a level gauge, which is connected to the evaporator.

10. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second flow meter is installed on the pipe connecting the gaseous CO2 inlet manifold to the compressor.

11. The carbon dioxide gasification system for the first station of a supercritical carbon dioxide pipeline according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second flow meter is a gas ultrasonic flow meter or a gas vortex flow meter.

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