A dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion

Abstract

This invention discloses a dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion, relating to the field of fuel spray gun technology. Key technical features include: a fuel storage mechanism fixedly installed inside a protective housing, used to separately store ammonia and hydrogen fuel; a fuel channel mechanism located at the front of the protective housing; a fuel mixing mechanism located in front of the fuel channel mechanism, used to mix ammonia and hydrogen fuel; and a controller and monitoring components that can monitor the pressure and temperature inside the chamber in real time during gas mixing, adjusting them when they reach critical points to prevent pressure from reaching dangerous levels due to incomplete gas mixing or combustion. A pressure relief component allows for pressure relief when the gas pressure is too high, and in extreme cases, an additional pressure relief channel is formed to adjust the pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel spray gun technology, and more specifically, to a dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion. Background Technology

[0002] The main purpose of the dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion is to achieve the mixed combustion of ammonia and hydrogen fuels to produce high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gases, which are used to drive power equipment such as engines or generators. The dual-fuel spray gun injects ammonia and hydrogen fuels simultaneously or separately, so that they are fully mixed and burned in the combustion chamber. This combustion process has the characteristics of high energy density, high efficiency and low emissions, and is therefore widely used in energy, transportation, aerospace and other fields.

[0003] However, both ammonia and hydrogen are flammable and explosive gases. Especially under high pressure and high temperature conditions, during the mixing process of the two gases, incomplete mixing or combustion can easily cause the temperature or pressure inside the mixing chamber to rise to dangerous levels, which may pose a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies, both ammonia and hydrogen are flammable and explosive gases. Especially under high pressure and high temperature conditions, during the mixing process of the two gases, the temperature or pressure inside the mixing chamber may rise to dangerous ranges due to incomplete mixing or combustion, which may pose safety hazards. The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion includes: a protective cover, a fuel storage mechanism, a fuel passage mechanism, a fuel mixing mechanism, an ignition mechanism, and a controller;

[0007] The fuel storage mechanism is fixedly installed inside the protective housing, and the fuel storage mechanism is used to store ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel separately;

[0008] The fuel channel mechanism is located at the front of the protective cover, and the fuel channel mechanism is connected to the fuel storage mechanism and the fuel mixing mechanism respectively;

[0009] The fuel mixing mechanism is located in front of the fuel channel mechanism, and the fuel mixing mechanism is used to mix ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel;

[0010] The fuel mixing mechanism includes a mixing unit and a safety unit;

[0011] The mixing unit is used to assist in promoting the mixing of ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel, and the safety unit is used to provide protection when ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel are mixed.

[0012] The ignition mechanism is located on one side of the fuel mixing mechanism, and the ignition mechanism is used to ignite the mixed ammonia-hydrogen fuel.

[0013] The controller is installed on one side of the fuel mixing mechanism near the ignition mechanism, and the controller is used to control the start of the ignition mechanism;

[0014] The ignition mechanism includes an igniter and an ignition electrode. The igniter is fixedly installed at the top of the ignition chamber, and the ignition electrode is fixedly installed at the lower end of the igniter. The ignition electrode extends through the top of the ignition chamber and into the interior of the ignition chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the fuel storage mechanism includes an ammonia fuel storage tank and a hydrogen fuel storage tank, both of which are fixedly installed inside the protective cover, and both are connected to a feed pipe extending out of the protective cover.

[0016] Preferably, the fuel channel mechanism includes an ammonia fuel inlet pipe and a hydrogen fuel inlet pipe, the rear end of the ammonia fuel inlet pipe being connected to the ammonia fuel storage tank, the rear end of the hydrogen fuel inlet pipe being connected to the hydrogen fuel storage tank, and a flow control valve being installed at the front end of both the ammonia fuel inlet pipe and the hydrogen fuel inlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the mixing unit includes a mixing chamber, which is connected to the front ends of the ammonia fuel inlet pipe and the hydrogen fuel inlet pipe, and a flow-tightening element is fixedly connected inside the mixing chamber.

[0018] Preferably, the turbulence element is used to further promote the mixing of ammonia and hydrogen;

[0019] The aerodynamic component includes a spiral cavity and a spoiler plate. The spiral cavity is located at the front end of the mixing chamber, and the spoiler plate is fixedly installed at the front end of the spiral cavity.

[0020] Preferably, the safety unit includes an ignition chamber and a monitoring device, wherein the ignition chamber is located at the front end of the mixing chamber and the ignition chamber and the mixing chamber are connected.

[0021] The monitoring device is fixedly installed inside the ignition chamber, and the monitoring device is used to monitor the pressure and temperature inside the ignition chamber to determine whether the environment inside the ignition chamber is within a safe range.

[0022] It should be noted that the monitoring device, the emergency shut-off valve, and the controller are electrically connected.

[0023] Preferably, the monitoring device includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The pressure sensor is fixedly installed at the top of the ignition chamber, and the temperature sensor is fixedly installed inside the ignition chamber at a position to the side of the pressure sensor.

[0024] Preferably, the safety unit further includes a pressure relief component, which includes a pressure relief chamber installed on the side of the ignition chamber and connected to the ignition chamber. A sealing mechanism is provided at the connection between the pressure relief chamber and the ignition chamber.

[0025] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes a connecting cylinder, a main pressure relief valve is installed at the front end of the connecting cylinder, and a spare pressure relief valve is installed at the rear end of the connecting cylinder.

[0026] The main pressure relief valve and the standby pressure relief valve are used to control the connection or closure of the pressure relief chamber and the ignition chamber.

[0027] Preferably, an emergency pressure relief port is provided at the middle position inside the connecting cylinder, and a safety plug is slidably connected to the emergency pressure relief port on the side near the ignition chamber.

[0028] The upper and lower ends of the safety plug are fixedly connected to a fixing rod. The upper and lower ends of the side surface of the connecting cylinder near the ignition chamber are provided with fixing holes. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside the fixing hole. The end of the sliding rod near the fixing hole is elastically connected to the fixing hole through a spring, and the end of the sliding rod away from the fixing hole is fixedly connected to the fixing rod.

[0029] Limiting pads are fixedly connected to both sides of the surface of the ignition chamber near the fixing rod. The inner side of the limiting pads on both sides is equipped with matching buckles. The buckle on one side and the limiting pad are elastically connected by a spring, and the buckle on one side is fixedly connected to a pressure rod.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) By setting up a controller and monitoring device, the pressure and temperature in the room during the gas mixing process can be monitored in real time. When the pressure and temperature reach the critical point, adjustments are made to avoid the pressure reaching the dangerous value due to incomplete gas mixing or combustion, thus reducing safety hazards.

[0032] (2) By setting up a pressure relief device, the pressure can be relieved when the gas pressure is too high. At the same time, in extreme cases, if both the main pressure relief valve and the backup pressure relief valve fail, an additional pressure relief channel is formed to adjust the pressure and avoid danger. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure after some parts of the invention have been removed;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view from another perspective of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the connecting cylinder of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the connecting cylinder of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Protective cover; 101. Feed pipe; 102. Ammonia fuel storage tank; 103. Hydrogen fuel storage tank; 2. Hydrogen fuel inlet pipe; 201. Ammonia fuel inlet pipe; 202. Flow control valve; 3. Mixing chamber; 4. Spiral chamber; 401. Baffle plate; 5. Ignition chamber; 6. Controller; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Temperature sensor; 9. Pressure relief chamber; 10. Ignition device; 11. Ignition electrode; 12. Connecting cylinder; 1201. Main pressure relief valve; 1202. Backup pressure relief valve; 13. Emergency pressure relief port; 1301. Safety plug; 1302. Fixing rod; 1303. Fixing hole; 1304. Sliding rod; 14. Limiting pad; 1401. Buckle; 1402. Pressure rod. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion includes: a protective cover 1, a fuel storage mechanism, a fuel channel mechanism, a fuel mixing mechanism, an ignition mechanism, and a controller 6;

[0044] The fuel storage mechanism is fixedly installed inside the protective housing 1, and the fuel storage mechanism is used to store ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel separately;

[0045] The fuel passage mechanism is located at the front of the protective cover 1, and the fuel passage mechanism is connected to the fuel storage mechanism and the fuel mixing mechanism respectively;

[0046] The fuel mixing mechanism is located in front of the fuel channel mechanism and is used to mix ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel;

[0047] The fuel mixing mechanism includes a mixing unit and a safety unit; the safety unit includes an ignition chamber 5 and a monitoring device; it should be noted that the monitoring device is used to monitor the pressure and temperature inside the ignition chamber 5; the safety unit also includes a pressure relief device, which is used to regulate the pressure inside the ignition chamber 5.

[0048] The mixing unit is used to assist in promoting the mixing of ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel, and the safety unit is used to provide protection when ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel are mixed;

[0049] The ignition mechanism is located on one side of the fuel mixing mechanism and is used to ignite the mixed ammonia-hydrogen fuel.

[0050] The controller 6 is installed on one side of the fuel mixing mechanism near the ignition mechanism, and the controller 6 is used to control the start of the ignition mechanism;

[0051] The ignition mechanism includes an igniter 10 and an ignition electrode 11. The igniter 10 is fixedly installed at the top of the ignition chamber 5, and the ignition electrode 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the igniter 10. The ignition electrode 11 extends through the top of the ignition chamber 5 and into the interior of the ignition chamber 5.

[0052] It should be noted that during use, data from the ignition chamber 5 is acquired through a monitoring device and transmitted to the controller 6. The controller 6 then determines whether the data from the ignition chamber 5 is normal. Specifically:

[0053] Obtain the pressure value inside the ignition chamber and label it as Q;

[0054] Obtain the temperature value inside the ignition chamber and label it as W;

[0055] According to the formula

[0056] T = Q × a1 + W × a2

[0057] The danger value T of the ignition chamber 5 is calculated, where a1 and a2 are preset danger value coefficients. In this embodiment, a1 is 0.293 and a2 is 0.234.

[0058] A threshold value for danger is preset. It is determined whether the danger value T is greater than the fault value threshold. If it is, an electrical signal is generated to close the fuel passage mechanism and open the pressure relief component to regulate the pressure in the ignition chamber 5. If not, an electrical signal is generated to maintain the initial state.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the fuel storage mechanism includes an ammonia fuel storage tank 102 and a hydrogen fuel storage tank 103. Both the ammonia fuel storage tank 102 and the hydrogen fuel storage tank 103 are fixedly installed inside the protective cover 1, and both the ammonia fuel storage tank 102 and the hydrogen fuel storage tank 103 are connected to a feed pipe 101 extending out of the protective cover 1. It should be noted that the ammonia fuel storage tank 102 and the hydrogen fuel storage tank 103 are used to store ammonia and hydrogen respectively, and the ammonia and hydrogen enter the storage through the feed pipe 101.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the fuel channel mechanism includes an ammonia fuel inlet pipe 201 and a hydrogen fuel inlet pipe 2. The rear end of the ammonia fuel inlet pipe 201 is connected to the ammonia fuel storage tank 102, and the rear end of the hydrogen fuel inlet pipe 2 is connected to the hydrogen fuel storage tank 103. Flow control valves 202 are installed at the front ends of both the ammonia fuel inlet pipe 201 and the hydrogen fuel inlet pipe 2.

[0061] It should be noted that the supply of ammonia and hydrogen is controlled by the flow control valve 202, and the supply of ammonia and hydrogen is regulated by the opening and closing of the flow control valve 202.

[0062] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, the mixing unit includes a mixing chamber 3, which is connected to the front end of the ammonia fuel inlet pipe 201 and the hydrogen fuel inlet pipe 2. A flow-tightening element is fixedly connected inside the mixing chamber 3. It should be noted that the flow-tightening element is used to change the flow direction of the gas when it enters, thereby promoting gas mixing.

[0063] like Figures 3 to 4 As shown, the baffle is used to further promote the mixing of ammonia and hydrogen;

[0064] The flow-dispersing component includes a spiral cavity 4 and a baffle plate 401. The spiral cavity 4 is located at the front end of the mixing chamber 3, and the baffle plate 401 is fixedly installed at the front end of the spiral cavity 4. It should be noted that after the gas enters, it is guided by the spiral cavity 4 and mixed during the rotation. When the gas passes through the spiral cavity 4, the flow direction of the gas is changed by the baffle plate 401.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the safety unit includes an ignition chamber 5 and a monitoring device. The ignition chamber 5 is located at the front end of the mixing chamber 3, and the ignition chamber 5 and the mixing chamber 3 are connected.

[0066] The monitoring device is fixedly installed inside the ignition chamber 5, and is used to monitor the pressure and temperature inside the ignition chamber 5 to determine whether the environment inside the ignition chamber 5 is within a safe range.

[0067] It should be noted that the monitoring device and the emergency shut-off valve are electrically connected to the controller 6;

[0068] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the monitoring components include a pressure sensor 7 and a temperature sensor 8. The pressure sensor 7 is fixedly installed at the top of the ignition chamber 5, and the temperature sensor 8 is fixedly installed inside the ignition chamber 5 at a position to the side of the pressure sensor 7. It should be noted that the pressure sensor 7 is used to monitor the pressure inside the ignition chamber 5, and the temperature sensor 8 is used to monitor the temperature inside the ignition chamber 5.

[0069] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the safety unit also includes a pressure relief component, which includes a pressure relief chamber 9. The pressure relief chamber 9 is installed on the side of the ignition chamber 5 and is connected to the ignition chamber 5. A sealing mechanism is provided at the connection between the pressure relief chamber 9 and the ignition chamber 5.

[0070] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the sealing mechanism includes a connecting cylinder 12, a main pressure relief valve 1201 is installed at the front end of the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder 12, and a spare pressure relief valve 1202 is installed at the rear end of the inner cavity of the connecting cylinder 12.

[0071] The main pressure relief valve 1201 and the backup pressure relief valve are used to control the connection or closure of the pressure relief chamber 9 and the ignition chamber 5. It should be noted that when abnormal data is detected in the ignition chamber 5, the controller 6 sends a signal to open the main pressure relief valve 1201. If the pressure relief efficiency of the main pressure relief valve 1201 is insufficient or the main pressure relief valve 1201 is faulty, the backup pressure relief valve 1202 is opened.

[0072] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, an emergency pressure relief port 13 is also provided in the middle of the interior of the connecting cylinder 12, and a safety plug 1301 is slidably connected to the emergency pressure relief port 13 on the side near the ignition chamber 5.

[0073] The upper and lower ends of the safety plug 1301 are fixedly connected to the fixing rod 1302. The upper and lower ends of the side surface of the connecting cylinder 12 near the ignition chamber 5 are provided with fixing holes 1303. The interior of the fixing holes 1303 is slidably connected to the sliding rod 1304. The end of the sliding rod 1304 near the fixing hole 1303 is elastically connected to the fixing hole 1303 through a spring, and the end of the sliding rod 1304 away from the fixing hole 1303 is fixedly connected to the fixing rod 1302.

[0074] Limiting pads 14 are fixedly connected to both sides of the surface of the ignition chamber 5 near the fixed rod 1302. The inner sides of the limiting pads 14 on both sides are fitted with matching buckles 1401. The buckle 1401 on one side and the limiting pad 14 are elastically connected by a spring, and the buckle 1401 on one side is fixedly connected with a pressure rod 1402.

[0075] It should be noted that under normal conditions, the safety plug 1301 is sealed to the emergency pressure relief port 13 by the limiting pad 14. When the pressure in the ignition chamber 5 reaches the threshold and both the main pressure relief valve 1201 and the backup pressure relief valve 1202 malfunction, the pressure rod 1402 will be squeezed by the pressure, releasing the mutually matching buckles 1401. At this time, the end of the slide rod 1304 near the fixing hole 1303 will be reset by the spring, pushing out the safety plug 1301 to relieve pressure. It can automatically release the safety and perform pressure relief operation in an emergency.

[0076] Working principle:

[0077] By incorporating controllers and monitoring devices, the pressure and temperature inside the chamber can be monitored in real time during gas mixing. Adjustments are made when the pressure and temperature reach critical points to prevent dangerous pressure levels caused by incomplete gas mixing or combustion, thus reducing safety hazards. The presence of pressure relief devices allows for pressure release when the gas pressure is too high. Furthermore, in extreme cases, if both the main and backup pressure relief valves fail, an additional pressure relief channel is created to adjust the pressure and prevent accidents.

[0078] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion, characterized in that, include: Protective housing (1), fuel storage mechanism, fuel passage mechanism, fuel mixing mechanism, ignition mechanism and controller (6). The fuel storage mechanism is fixedly installed inside the protective cover (1), and the fuel storage mechanism is used to store ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel separately; The fuel channel mechanism is located in front of the protective cover (1), and the fuel channel mechanism is connected to the fuel storage mechanism and the fuel mixing mechanism respectively; The fuel mixing mechanism is located in front of the fuel channel mechanism, and the fuel mixing mechanism is used to mix ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel; The fuel mixing mechanism includes a mixing unit and a safety unit; The mixing unit is used to assist in promoting the mixing of ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel, and the safety unit is used to provide protection when ammonia fuel and hydrogen fuel are mixed. The safety unit includes an ignition chamber (5) and a monitoring device. The ignition chamber (5) is located at the front end of the mixing chamber (3), and the ignition chamber (5) and the mixing chamber (3) are connected. The monitoring device is fixedly installed inside the ignition chamber (5), and the monitoring device is used to monitor the pressure and temperature inside the ignition chamber (5) to determine whether the environment inside the ignition chamber (5) is within a safe range; The ignition mechanism is located on one side of the fuel mixing mechanism, and the ignition mechanism is used to ignite the mixed ammonia-hydrogen fuel. The controller (6) is installed on one side of the fuel mixing mechanism near the ignition mechanism, and the controller (6) is used to control the start of the ignition mechanism; The ignition mechanism includes an igniter (10) and an ignition electrode (11). The igniter (10) is fixedly installed at the top of the ignition chamber (5), and the ignition electrode (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the igniter (10). The ignition electrode (11) extends through the top of the ignition chamber (5) and into the interior of the ignition chamber (5). The monitoring device includes a pressure sensor (7) and a temperature sensor (8). The pressure sensor (7) is fixedly installed at the top of the ignition chamber (5), and the temperature sensor (8) is fixedly installed inside the ignition chamber (5) at a position to one side of the pressure sensor (7). The safety unit also includes a pressure relief component, which includes a pressure relief chamber (9). The pressure relief chamber (9) is installed on the side of the ignition chamber (5) and is connected to the ignition chamber (5). A sealing mechanism is provided at the connection between the pressure relief chamber (9) and the ignition chamber (5). The sealing mechanism includes a connecting cylinder (12), a main pressure relief valve (1201) is installed at the front end of the connecting cylinder (12), and a spare pressure relief valve (1202) is installed at the rear end of the connecting cylinder (12). The main pressure relief valve (1201) and the standby pressure relief valve are used to control the connection or closure of the pressure relief chamber (9) and the ignition chamber (5); An emergency pressure relief port (13) is also provided in the middle of the interior of the connecting cylinder (12), and a safety plug (1301) is slidably connected to the emergency pressure relief port (13) on the side near the ignition chamber (5). The upper and lower ends of the safety plug (1301) are fixedly connected to the fixing rod (1302). The upper and lower ends of the side surface of the connecting cylinder (12) near the ignition chamber (5) are provided with fixing holes (1303). The interior of the fixing holes (1303) is slidably connected to the sliding rod (1304). The end of the sliding rod (1304) near the fixing hole (1303) is elastically connected to the fixing hole (1303) through a spring, and the end of the sliding rod (1304) away from the fixing hole (1303) is fixedly connected to the fixing rod (1302). Limiting pads (14) are fixedly connected to both sides of the surface of the ignition chamber (5) near the fixed rod (1302). The inner sides of the limiting pads (14) on both sides are fitted with matching buckles (1401). The buckle (1401) on one side and the limiting pad (14) are elastically connected by a spring, and the buckle (1401) on one side is fixedly connected with a pressure rod (1402).

2. The dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel storage mechanism includes an ammonia fuel storage tank (102) and a hydrogen fuel storage tank (103). The ammonia fuel storage tank (102) and the hydrogen fuel storage tank (103) are both fixedly installed inside the protective cover (1), and the ammonia fuel storage tank (102) and the hydrogen fuel storage tank (103) are both connected to a feed pipe (101) extending out of the protective cover (1).

3. The dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fuel channel mechanism includes an ammonia fuel inlet pipe (201) and a hydrogen fuel inlet pipe (2). The rear end of the ammonia fuel inlet pipe (201) is connected to the ammonia fuel storage tank (102), and the rear end of the hydrogen fuel inlet pipe (2) is connected to the hydrogen fuel storage tank (103). Flow control valves (202) are installed at the front ends of both the ammonia fuel inlet pipe (201) and the hydrogen fuel inlet pipe (2).

4. The dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mixing unit includes a mixing chamber (3), which is connected to the front end of the ammonia fuel pipe (201) and the hydrogen fuel pipe (2), and a flow-tightening component is fixedly connected inside the mixing chamber (3).

5. A dual-fuel spray gun for ammonia-hydrogen combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The turbulence-inducing element is used to further promote the mixing of ammonia and hydrogen; The spoiler includes a spiral cavity (4) and a spoiler plate (401). The spiral cavity (4) is opened at the front end of the mixing chamber (3), and the spoiler plate (401) is fixedly installed at the front end of the spiral cavity (4).

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