Method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and bacteria by magnetically controlling magnetic sterilization of porous medium

Abstract

A method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and bacteria by using magnetically controlled magnetic sterilization porous medium, a sandwich structure medium with magnetic, porous and sterilization functions is prepared by using a magnetically controlled pulse electrodeposition method. The magnetic sterilization porous particles are used as filter materials in a dynamic capture device, the filter materials are controlled by the magnetization force generated by the electromagnet and the centrifugal force generated by the channel rotation, the magnetic field strength and the rotation speed are changed, the magnetic sterilization porous particles achieve dynamic balance and oscillate along the force direction; in the inlet direction, the filter materials are controlled by the drag force of the airflow and the gravity, and are suspended in the channel; the suspended and oscillated magnetic sterilization porous particle filter materials dynamically capture PM2.5 and sterilize the bacteria attached to PM2.5. The centrifugal force and the magnetization force cooperatively control the suspended and oscillated filter materials to improve the meeting probability with the pollutants in the air, the filter materials have the characteristics of smaller filtration resistance, higher efficiency, sterilization function, low noise, large air processing amount per unit time and low energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of air purification technology, and in particular relates to a method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and bacteria in porous media using magnetic control and disinfection. Background Technology

[0002] In special places such as hospital respiratory wards, P4 clean laboratories, and pharmaceutical factories, the requirements for indoor air cleanliness are high, which has led to a corresponding increase in the demand for high-level air purification. This not only requires extremely high PM2.5 capture efficiency, but also the elimination of viruses and bacteria attached to PM2.5.

[0003] Traditional air purification methods mainly include static HEPA filters, photocatalytic disinfection, ion sterilization, and spray disinfection. Although existing purification and disinfection methods can capture particulate dust larger than 0.3μm and disinfect viral and microbial residues, bacteria, and viruses, they usually cannot remove dust and disinfect simultaneously. Furthermore, there is the problem of bacteria and viruses multiplying and metabolizing on static filter media, thus causing secondary air pollution. In addition, existing static PM2.5 purification devices typically use multiple layers of filter media with smaller porosity to improve dust removal efficiency, which undoubtedly increases air resistance, causes significant noise, and greatly limits the amount of air processed per unit time. Since viruses and bacteria often adsorb onto PM2.5, current methods operate the PM2.5 removal and disinfection stages independently, making it impossible to perform disinfection while removing PM2.5.

[0004] Therefore, it is essential to design an integrated air purification solution that can improve PM2.5 purification efficiency, synergistically eliminate bacteria and viruses, and reduce energy consumption and noise. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens using a magnetically controlled porous media. The method employs magnetically controlled electrodeposition to prepare a magnetically controlled porous media for capturing PM2.5 and pathogens. The filter element utilizes the synergistic effect of centrifugal force and magnetization to control the filter media through suspension and oscillation, increasing the probability of encountering pollutants in the air. This results in more thorough capture of pollutants and elimination of pathogens, characterized by lower filtration resistance, higher filtration efficiency, and stronger pathogen elimination capabilities. The method also allows for negligible air resistance during operation, exhibiting significant advantages such as extremely low noise, large air volume processed per unit time, and low energy consumption.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens using magnetically controlled porous media, wherein magnetically controlled porous particles are placed as filter media in a dynamic collection device. The magnetically controlled porous particle filter media is controlled by the magnetizing force generated by an electromagnet and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the channel. By changing the magnitude of the magnetic field strength and the rotation speed, the magnetically controlled porous particles achieve dynamic equilibrium and oscillate along the direction of force. In the air intake direction, they are controlled by the drag force of the airflow and their own gravity, and are suspended inside the channel. The suspended and oscillating magnetically controlled porous particle filter media dynamically captures PM2.5 and simultaneously kills pathogens attached to PM2.5.

[0007] The magnetic sterilization porous particles have a sandwich-like layered structure on a macroscopic scale. The inner layer of the magnetic sterilization porous particles is a nickel foam substrate, the middle layer is an iron film, and the outer layer is a silver-doped zinc oxide film. On a microscopic scale, the surface of the magnetic sterilization porous particles forms a hexagonal nanopillar structure. The bottom layer of the surface of the magnetic sterilization porous particles is a nickel foam framework substrate and an iron film substrate, and the top layer of the surface of the magnetic sterilization porous particles is a silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillar.

[0008] When applied to general hospital wards, the magnetic sterilization porous filter media has a particle size of 450μm to 500μm, a porosity of 85% to 90%, and a permeability of 96% to 98%; the iron film has a thickness of 4μm to 6μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film has a thickness of 1.2μm to 1.5μm, and the aspect ratio of the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars is 10:1.8 to 10:2.

[0009] The method for preparing magnetically sterilized porous particles is as follows: Electrodeposition is performed using a three-electrode system. The iron thin film is deposited in a ferrous sulfate solution under a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.45T–0.55T, the pulse frequency to 0.41Hz–0.46Hz, the deposition voltage to -1.7V–-1.8V, and the duration to 550s–600s. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film is deposited in a zinc nitrate hexahydrate and silver nitrate solution with a silver doping amount of 1%–1.2%. Pulse electrodeposition is performed under a pulsed magnetic field with a magnetic field strength of 0.2T–0.3T, a pulse frequency of 0.5Hz–0.65Hz, and a deposition voltage of -0.3V–-0.7V for 500s–600s, with a pulse width of 8s–10s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃–85℃.

[0010] When applied in a P4 laboratory, the magnetic sterilization porous filter media has a particle size of 200μm to 250μm, a porosity of 90% to 95%, and a permeability of 94% to 96%; the iron film has a thickness of 2.5μm to 4.5μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film has a thickness of 1.3μm to 1.6μm, and the aspect ratio of the silver-doped zinc oxide is 10:1 to 10:1.2.

[0011] The method for preparing magnetically sterilized porous particles is as follows: Electrodeposition is performed using a three-electrode system. The iron thin film is deposited in a ferrous sulfate solution under a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.3T–0.4T, the pulse frequency to 0.33Hz–0.36Hz, the deposition voltage to -1.4V–-1.5V, and the duration to 450s–500s. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film is deposited in a zinc nitrate hexahydrate and silver nitrate solution with a silver doping amount of 1.8%–2%. Pulse electrodeposition is performed under a pulsed magnetic field with a magnetic field strength of 0.25T–0.35T, a pulse frequency of 0.65Hz–0.7Hz, and a deposition voltage of -0.1V–-0.6V for 600s–6500s, with a pulse width of 3s–5s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃–85℃.

[0012] The filter element uses magnetically sterilized porous particles as filter media, which are filled in the annular gap between the inner and outer cylinders of the filter element in the dynamic collection device. The filter media occupies 75% to 80% of the total volume of the annular gap. The motor speed of the dynamic collection device is 110 r / min to 120 r / min, the number of turns of the electromagnet's winding excitation coil is 1300 to 1400, the current is 12A to 16A, the generated central magnetic field strength is 638Gs to 952Gs, and the current changing frequency is 1300Hz to 1500Hz. The current, magnetic field changing frequency, and motor speed are controlled by a program. The centrifugal force experienced by the magnetically sterilized porous filter media particles when the filter element rotates is 0.5N to 0.9N, and the magnetizing force experienced by the magnetically sterilized porous filter media particles by the electromagnet is 0.5N to 1.1N.

[0013] The filter element uses magnetically sterilized porous particles as filter media, which are filled in the annular gap between the inner and outer cylinders of the filter element in the dynamic collection device. The filter media occupies 80% to 85% of the total volume of the annular gap. The motor speed of the dynamic collection device is 100 r / min to 110 r / min, the number of turns of the electromagnet's winding excitation coil is 1100 to 1200, the current is 14A to 18A, the generated central magnetic field strength is 585Gs to 821Gs, and the current changing frequency is 1666Hz to 1800Hz. The current, magnetic field changing frequency, and motor speed are controlled by a program. The centrifugal force experienced by the magnetically sterilized porous filter media particles when the filter element rotates is 0.4N to 0.85N, and the magnetizing force experienced by the magnetically sterilized porous filter media particles by the electromagnet is 0.4N to 0.95N.

[0014] The filter adopts a graded purification mode. The magnetic porous sterilization filter media particles inside the filter element are controlled by the magnetization force generated by the electromagnet and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the channel; the air intake speed is controlled by the fan; the filter element is also equipped with an ultraviolet lamp strip to assist the magnetic porous sterilization filter media in sterilizing bacteria.

[0015] A dynamic collection device is designed based on the method of dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media by magnetic control. The dynamic collection device includes a cylindrical shell, and a primary purification component and a secondary purification component are provided in the center of the cylindrical shell.

[0016] The primary and secondary purification components have the same structure. Each purification component contains an electromagnet. By changing the current flowing through it at a certain frequency, the electromagnet generates a changing magnetic field strength. The electromagnet consists of a wire coil and an internal iron core. The magnetic circuit length of the electromagnet is 95mm to 135mm, and the number of turns of the wound coil is 1000 to 1500.

[0017] The purification assembly also includes an inner filter cartridge, an outer filter cartridge, and inter-casing ribs, all driven by an electric motor to rotate at different speeds; the filter cartridge has a channel area of ​​400 cm². 2 ~600cm 2 The filter element has a channel length of 100mm to 140mm; the inlet air velocity varies from 1.5m / s to 2.5m / s depending on the application scenario; and the air volume per unit area is 50m³ / s. 3 / h~60m 3 / h.

[0018] The magnetic elimination of porous particles is achieved by the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the filter element driven by the motor, as well as the effects of gravity and drag, which cause them to suspend and oscillate inside the channel, dynamically capturing PM2.5. An ultraviolet lamp strip is embedded in the inner surface of the outer cylinder of the filter element, and the filter material is sterilized by the catalytic action of the ultraviolet lamp strip. The width of the ultraviolet lamp strip is 10mm to 40mm, the number of ultraviolet lamp strips is 3 to 10, and the wavelength of the rays emitted by the ultraviolet lamp strip is 250nm to 260nm.

[0019] The current adjustment range is 10A to 20A, the magnetic field strength conversion frequency range is 1000Hz to 2000Hz, and the motor speed range is 80r / min to 120r / min; the current, magnetic field conversion frequency, and motor speed are controlled by a program; the centrifugal force on the magnetic sterilization porous filter particles when the filter element rotates is 0.1N to 1N, and the magnetization force on the magnetic sterilization porous filter particles when subjected to an electromagnet is 0.5N to 1.5N.

[0020] The purification component also includes an outer cylinder and a permeable baffle, with the pore size of the permeable holes on the permeable baffle being ≤200~400μm.

[0021] The cylindrical shell adopts a vertical installation structure. The axial flow fan, primary air collection channel, primary purification component, secondary air collection channel and secondary purification component are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the cylindrical shell. The lower end of the side wall panel of the cylindrical shell is provided with a grid-shaped air inlet, and the top plate of the cylindrical shell is provided with a grid-shaped air outlet.

[0022] The primary and secondary air collection channels have the same structure, both including an outer air collection cylinder and an inner air collection cone; the internal cavity of the inner air collection cone serves as the motor mounting cavity; the filter element is coaxially and fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the motor; the outer cylinder of the purification component is coaxially fitted on the outside of the filter element, and multiple dynamic sealing rings are provided between the outer cylinder of the purification component and the filter element.

[0023] The air-permeable baffles at the top and bottom of the filter element can intercept the magnetic disinfection porous filter media particles. After the dynamic collection device has been running for a certain period of time, the filter media particles can be removed, cleaned with alcohol, and then washed and dried with water to obtain desorbed magnetic disinfection porous media free of viruses and bacteria, which can be recycled.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] 1. This invention provides a method for preparing a sandwich-structured magnetic sterilization porous material. Using nickel foam as a substrate, an iron thin film and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film are deposited on the cut nickel foam substrate by magnetic field-assisted pulse electrodeposition. This method can ensure that each skeleton in the pores of the nickel foam is uniformly coated with a thin film. The resulting material has better adsorption properties, stronger bonding, and less detachment after impact adsorption than the simple electrodeposition method.

[0026] 2. The magnetically controlled porous media suspension oscillation dynamic capture method of the present invention can control the magnetically controlled porous filter media particles of different sizes by changing the current flowing through the electromagnet, the frequency of magnetic field oscillation and the speed of the motor, and can cover different filter element sizes.

[0027] 3. The magnetically controlled porous media suspension and oscillation dynamic capture method for PM2.5 and pathogens of the present invention allows the magnetically controlled porous filter media particles to suspend and oscillate within the filter element under the action of gravity, drag, magnetization, and centrifugal force to dynamically capture PM2.5. Under the catalysis of ultraviolet light strips, viruses and bacteria attached to PM2.5 particles can be synergistically eliminated. The magnetically controlled porous filter media particles, through suspension and oscillation, increase the probability of encountering pollutants in the air, thereby making the capture of pollutants and the elimination of pathogens more thorough. It has the characteristics of lower filtration resistance, higher filtration efficiency, and stronger pathogen elimination ability.

[0028] 4. The magnetically controlled magnetic elimination method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and bacteria using porous media suspension and oscillation in this invention proposes a filter element design with a suspension and oscillation structure, enabling the filter material to simultaneously capture PM2.5 and eliminate bacteria. This directly kills bacteria, preventing their growth and entry into the air. The filter material in the filter element can be removed, cleaned, desorbed, and recycled, improving economic efficiency and effectively reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic trapping device;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the primary / secondary air collection duct;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the primary / secondary purification components;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a macroscopic morphology diagram of monomer particles in magnetic porous disinfection filter media;

[0034] Figure 6 This image shows the microscopic morphology of monomer particles in magnetic porous disinfection filter media.

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-electrode system used in the preparation of magnetic porous disinfection filter media;

[0036] In the diagram, I—straight cylindrical shell, II—axial flow fan, III—primary air collection channel, IV—primary purification component, V—secondary air collection channel, VI—secondary purification component, 1—grid-shaped air inlet, 2—grid-shaped air outlet, 3—outer air collection cylinder, 4—inner air collection cone, 5—rigid support rod, 6—motor, 7—outer cylinder of purification component, 8—motor mounting cavity, 9—dynamic sealing ring, 10—electromagnet, 11—magnetic porous disinfection filter media, 12—inner cylinder of filter element, 13—outer cylinder of filter element, 14—inter-cylinder transition rib, 15—ventilation and material separation baffle, 16—ultraviolet lamp strip, 17—nickel foam substrate layer, 18—iron film layer, 19—silver-doped zinc oxide film layer, 20—nickel foam skeleton substrate, 21—iron nanospheres, 22—silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars, 23—working electrode, 24—counter electrode, 25—reference electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] The particles in the magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11 have a sandwich layered structure on a macroscopic scale. The inner layer of the particles is a foamed nickel substrate layer 17, the middle layer is an iron thin film layer 18, and the outer layer is a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer 19. Figure 5 As shown; the magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11 forms a hexagonal nanopillar structure on the particle surface at the microscale. The bottom layer of the particle surface is a foamed nickel framework substrate 20, covered with iron nanospheres 21, and silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars 22 are grown on the upper layer, as shown. Figure 6 As shown.

[0040] The particle preparation process of the magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11 is as follows: First, two mixed solutions are prepared, namely, an iron thin film plating solution and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution; the iron thin film plating solution is a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of iron ions of 0.1 mol / L to 0.2 mol / L; the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution is a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, boric acid, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of zinc ions of 0.1 mol / L to 0.15 mol / L and a molar concentration of silver ions of 0.002 mol / L to 0.005 mol / L.

[0041] After the iron thin film plating solution and the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution are prepared, the iron thin film plating solution is used as the electrolyte solution, such as Figure 7 As shown, a three-electrode system is used, with a conductive substrate with attached nickel foam particles as the working electrode 23, a platinum sheet electrode as the counter electrode 24, and a calomel electrode as the reference electrode 25. Constant potential electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field, wherein the magnetic field strength is set to 0.15T~0.6T, the pulse frequency is set to 0.33~0.5Hz, the deposition voltage is set to -1.3V~-1.8V, and the duration is 400s~600s.

[0042] On a macroscopic scale, an iron thin film layer 18 is attached to the surface of a nickel foam substrate layer 17 to add a magnetic effect; at the same microscopic scale, iron nanospheres 21 are deposited on the surface of a porous nickel foam framework substrate 20 to provide deposition sites for subsequent silver-doped zinc oxide.

[0043] After the iron thin film electroplating is completed, it is first cleaned with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven for 1 to 2 hours to obtain iron-plated nickel foam particles. At this point, the iron-plated nickel foam particles have acquired the required magnetic properties. Subsequently, as... Figure 7 As shown, a three-electrode system is used, with a conductive substrate with attached iron-plated nickel foam particles as the working electrode 23, a platinum sheet electrode as the counter electrode 24, a silver / silver chloride electrode as the reference electrode 25, and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution as the electrolyte solution. Pulse electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field, with the magnetic field strength set to 0.1T~0.3T, the pulse frequency to 0.2Hz~0.75Hz, the deposition potential range set to 0V~-1V, the deposition time set to 300s~600s, and the pulse width set to 1s~10s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃~85℃.

[0044] After the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer is prepared, the nickel foam particles are removed from the conductive substrate. The attached conductive adhesive is first removed with isopropanol solution, then rinsed with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 60℃~70℃ for 1h~2h.

[0045] On a macroscopic scale, a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film 19 is attached to the surface of an iron thin film 18 to enhance the disinfection effect. Simultaneously, on a microscopic scale, silver-doped zinc oxide is deposited and nucleated on iron nanospheres 21. The morphology of silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars 22 can be controlled by combining a pulsed magnetic field with low-potential pulsed electrodeposition. As the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars 22 continue to grow, they eventually form a hexagonal nanopillar structure. Under this special morphology, the doping of silver can reduce the grain boundary resistance during charge transfer, thereby greatly reducing the photogenerated charge-carrier recombination loss and improving the photoresponse efficiency. At the same time, the nanopillar structure with a large aspect ratio can physically destroy the cell walls of microorganisms and bacteria, further enhancing the disinfection performance.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the dynamic collection device includes a cylindrical shell I. A primary purification component IV and a secondary purification component VI are provided at the center of the cylindrical shell I. The primary purification component IV and the secondary purification component VI have the same structure. An electromagnet 10 is provided in the purification component. The magnitude of the current passing through the electromagnet is changed at a certain frequency, so that the electromagnet 10 generates a changing magnetic field strength. The electromagnet 10 is composed of a wire coil and an internal iron core. The magnetic circuit length of the electromagnet 10 is 95mm to 135mm, and the number of turns of the wound coil is 1000 to 1500 turns.

[0047] The purification assembly also includes an inner filter cylinder 12, an outer filter cylinder 13, and inter-cylinder transition ribs 14, all driven by a motor 6 to rotate at different speeds; the filter element has a channel area of ​​200 cm². 2 ~600cm 2 The filter element has a channel length of 100mm to 140mm; the inlet air velocity varies from 1.5m / s to 2.5m / s depending on the application scenario; and the air volume per unit area is 50m³ / s. 3 / h~60m 3 / h; The purification component uses magnetic sterilization porous particles with a particle size of 200μm to 600μm as filter media, which are filled in the annular gap between the inner cylinder 12 and the outer cylinder 13 of the filter element; The filling volume of the magnetic porous sterilization filter media 11 in the annular gap between the outer cylinder 13 and the inner cylinder 12 of the filter element accounts for 70% to 90% of the total volume of the annular gap.

[0048] The magnetic porous disinfection filter media 11 particles are suspended and oscillate inside the channel by the magnetization force generated by the electromagnet 10, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the filter element driven by the motor 6, as well as gravity and drag force, dynamically capturing PM2.5; an ultraviolet lamp strip 16 is embedded in the inner surface of the outer cylinder 13 of the filter element, and the magnetic disinfection porous filter media 11 kills germs under the catalytic action of the ultraviolet lamp strip 16; the width of the ultraviolet lamp strip is 10mm to 40mm, the number of ultraviolet lamp strips is 3 to 10, and the wavelength of the rays emitted by the ultraviolet lamp strip is 250nm to 260nm.

[0049] The current adjustment range is 10A~20A, the magnetic field strength conversion frequency range is 1000Hz~2000Hz, and the motor speed range is 80r / min~120r / min; the current magnitude, magnetic field conversion frequency, and motor speed are controlled by a program; the centrifugal force on the magnetic porous disinfection filter media 11 particles when the filter element rotates is 0.1N~1N, and the magnetization force on the magnetic porous disinfection filter media 11 particles when subjected to an electromagnet is 0.5N~1.5N.

[0050] The purification assembly also includes an outer cylinder 7 and a permeable baffle 15, wherein the diameter of the permeable holes on the permeable baffle 15 is ≤200μm~400μm.

[0051] The cylindrical shell I adopts a vertical installation structure. The axial flow fan II, the primary air collection channel III, the primary purification component IV, the secondary air collection channel V, and the secondary purification component VI are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the cylindrical shell I. The lower end of the side wall of the cylindrical shell I is provided with a grid-shaped air inlet 1, and the top plate of the cylindrical shell I is provided with a grid-shaped air outlet 2.

[0052] The primary air collection channel III and the secondary air collection channel V have the same structure, both including an outer air collection cylinder 3 and an inner air collection cone 4; the internal cavity of the inner air collection cone 4 serves as the mounting cavity for the motor 6; the filter element is coaxially and fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the motor 6; the outer cylinder 7 of the purification component is coaxially fitted on the outside of the filter element, and multiple dynamic sealing rings 9 are provided between the outer cylinder 7 of the purification component and the filter element.

[0053] The air-permeable baffles 15 at both ends of the filter element can intercept magnetic disinfection porous filter media particles. After the dynamic collection device has been running for a certain period of time, the filter media particles can be taken out, cleaned with alcohol, and then washed and dried with water to obtain desorbed magnetic disinfection porous media free of viruses and bacteria, which can be recycled.

[0054] The following describes a single use of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0055] Start the axial flow fan II, start the motors 6 of the primary purification component IV and the secondary purification component VI, start the electromagnets 10 of the primary purification component IV and the secondary purification component VI, and turn on the ultraviolet lamp strips 16 of the primary purification component IV and the secondary purification component VI.

[0056] After the axial flow fan II starts, a negative pressure is generated on the air intake side of the axial flow fan II. Under the action of the negative pressure, the air outside the cylindrical shell I will enter the interior of the cylindrical shell I through the grid-shaped air inlet 1 and be discharged into the primary air collection channel III through the exhaust port of the axial flow fan II. Since an annular channel structure is formed between the air collection outer cylinder 3 and the air collection inner cone 4 in the primary air collection channel III, the air can be concentrated and introduced into the filter element in the primary purification component IV.

[0057] When air enters the filter element, it rotates under the drive of the motor 6. The magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11 inside the filter element simultaneously bears the centrifugal force generated by the rotation and the magnetic attraction force generated by the electromagnet 10. The centrifugal force and the magnetic attraction force form a dynamic balance in the horizontal direction. At the same time, after the air enters the filter element from below, it will generate a drag force on the magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11 inside the filter element. The weight of the magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11 itself will form a dynamic balance with the air drag force in the vertical direction. Ultimately, the magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11 inside the filter element is in a suspended oscillating state. In this state, pollutants such as PM2.5 in the air can be more fully captured by the magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11.

[0058] When pollutants such as PM2.5 are captured by the magnetic porous disinfection filter media 11, under the ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp strip 16, the silver-doped zinc oxide in the magnetic porous disinfection filter media 11 decomposes, releasing freely moving negatively charged electrons while leaving positively charged holes. This transforms air and water molecules into active oxygen and hydroxyl ions. Because these active oxygen and hydroxyl ions have strong oxidizing properties, they can destroy the protein shells of viruses and the cell membranes of bacteria and fungi, ultimately achieving the purpose of disinfection. Furthermore, the silver-doped zinc oxide in the magnetic porous disinfection filter media 11 also releases zinc ions. These zinc ions can react with sulfhydryl groups to denature proteins, destroying the protein shells of viruses and the proteins in bacteria, preventing them from multiplying, thus also achieving the purpose of disinfection. After the bacteria and viruses are disinfected, the zinc ions are released again through precipitation equilibrium to carry out a new round of disinfection, thus achieving a cyclical disinfection process. Furthermore, in the silver-doped zinc oxide of the magnetic porous disinfection filter material 11, the doped silver nanoparticles can directly react chemically with different groups on the lipid envelope or surface proteins of the virus, leading to the destruction of the virus's complete structure or the inhibition of enzyme activity, thereby achieving the effect of inactivating the virus. In addition, the silver nanoparticles can release silver ions, which can freely enter the bacterial cell membrane. Due to the strong binding ability of silver nanoparticles to the bacterial cell membrane, they can directly enter the bacterial cell and rapidly bind with thiols from oxygen metabolism, blocking cell metabolism and rendering the cells inactive, thus achieving the purpose of disinfection. Furthermore, after entering the bacterial cell membrane, silver ions will randomly interfere with cell wall synthesis, inhibiting the cross-linking between polysaccharide chains, causing the cell wall to lose its integrity and reducing its protective effect against osmotic pressure. Finally, the ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp strip 16, through direct irradiation, can destroy the nucleic acid structure of bacteria or viruses, causing them to die immediately or be unable to reproduce, also achieving the purpose of disinfection. Through the above comprehensive disinfection methods, the bacteria passing through the filter element are more thoroughly disinfected.

[0059] After the air is purified by the primary purification component IV, in order to further improve the capture rate of pollutants such as PM2.5 and the sterilization effect, the air after primary purification will directly enter the secondary purification component VI through the secondary air collection channel V after being discharged, and complete the secondary deep purification in the secondary purification component VI. Only after the air has completed the secondary deep purification will it be discharged into the environment through the grid-like air outlet 2 on the top plate of the straight cylindrical shell I.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] When the application scenario is a general ward in a hospital, the preparation process of the magnetic porous disinfection filter material particles is as follows: prepare an iron thin film plating solution and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution. The iron thin film plating solution is a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of iron ions of 0.2 mol / L. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution is a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, boric acid, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of zinc ions of 0.1 mol / L and a molar concentration of silver ions of 0.002 mol / L.

[0062] After the iron thin film plating solution and the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution are prepared, the iron thin film plating solution is used as the electrolyte solution, and a three-electrode system is adopted to perform constant potential electrodeposition under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.45T, the pulse frequency is set to 0.42Hz, the deposition voltage is set to -1.8V, and the duration is 600s.

[0063] After the iron thin film electroplating is completed, it is first cleaned with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven for 1 to 2 hours to obtain iron-plated nickel foam particles. At this time, the iron-plated nickel foam particles have acquired the required magnetism. Subsequently, using a three-electrode system and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution as the electrolyte solution, pulse electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.2T, the pulse frequency is 0.5Hz, the deposition potential range is set to -0.3V to -0.7V, the deposition time is set to 500s, and the pulse width is set to 10s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃ to 85℃.

[0064] After the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer is prepared, the nickel foam particles are removed from the conductive substrate. The attached conductive adhesive is first removed with isopropanol solution, then rinsed with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 60℃~70℃ for 1h~2h.

[0065] The inner cylinder of the filter element has an outer diameter of 100mm, the outer cylinder has an inner diameter of 200mm, and the filter element channel cross-sectional area is 236cm². 2 The height is 100mm, and the electromagnet consists of a 1200-turn excitation coil with a wire diameter of 1mm and a magnetic circuit length of 95mm. The magnetic porous disinfection filter material has a particle size of 600μm, a porosity of 75%, and a through-pore rate of 95%. The granular iron film layer has a thickness of 6μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film layer has a thickness of 1.2μm, and the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars have an aspect ratio of 10:2.

[0066] The suspended oscillating method for capturing PM2.5 and eliminating germs is carried out according to the following parameters and steps: the air intake velocity is 2 m / s, the motor speed is 80 r / min, and a current of 15 A is first applied to the electromagnet to generate a central magnetic field strength of 720 Gs. Under the action of centrifugal force and magnetization force, the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the center of the filter element. Through program control, a current of 11 A is applied to the electromagnet to generate a central magnetic field strength of 502 Gs, and the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the outer wall of the filter element; the frequency of changing the magnitude of the current applied to the electromagnet is 10. 00Hz; After oscillation with different magnetic field intensities, the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is evenly distributed in the annular channel, with 85% of the magnetic porous disinfection filter media evenly distributed inside the annular channel and 15% of the magnetic porous disinfection filler distributed on both sides of the wall; the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is suspended and oscillated inside the filter element to intercept and adsorb PM2.5, and under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light strip with a wavelength of 254nm, it disinfects the germs attached to the PM2.5 particles; the removal rate of PM2.5 is 85% to 88%, and the disinfection rate of germs is 89% to 92%.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] When the application scenario is a general ward in a hospital, the preparation process of the magnetic porous disinfection filter material particles is as follows: prepare an iron thin film plating solution and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution. The iron thin film plating solution is a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of iron ions of 0.18 mol / L. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution is a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, boric acid, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of zinc ions of 0.1 mol / L and a molar concentration of silver ions of 0.0025 mol / L.

[0069] After the iron thin film plating solution and the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution are prepared, the iron thin film plating solution is used as the electrolyte solution, and a three-electrode system is adopted to perform constant potential electrodeposition under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.45T, the pulse frequency is set to 0.42Hz, the deposition voltage is set to -1.7V, and the duration is 600s.

[0070] After the iron thin film electroplating is completed, it is first cleaned with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven for 1 to 2 hours to obtain iron-plated nickel foam particles. At this time, the iron-plated nickel foam particles have acquired the required magnetism. Subsequently, using a three-electrode system and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution as the electrolyte solution, pulse electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.2T, the pulse frequency is 0.6Hz, the deposition potential range is set to -0.3V to -0.7V, the deposition time is set to 550s, and the pulse width is set to 10s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃ to 85℃.

[0071] After the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer is prepared, the nickel foam particles are removed from the conductive substrate. The attached conductive adhesive is first removed with isopropanol solution, then rinsed with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 60℃~70℃ for 1h~2h.

[0072] The inner cylinder of the filter element has an outer diameter of 100mm, the outer cylinder has an inner diameter of 200mm, and the filter element channel cross-sectional area is 236cm². 2 The height is 100mm, and the electromagnet consists of a 1400-turn excitation coil with a wire diameter of 1mm and a magnetic circuit length of 95mm. The magnetic porous disinfection filter material has a particle size of 550μm, a porosity of 80%, and a through-pore rate of 97%. The granular iron film layer has a thickness of 5.5μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film has a thickness of 1.22μm, and the aspect ratio of the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars is 10:1.85.

[0073] The suspended oscillating method for capturing PM2.5 and eliminating germs is carried out according to the following parameters and steps: the air intake velocity is 1.8 m / s, the motor speed is 100 r / min, and a current of 16 A is initially applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 852 Gs. Under the action of centrifugal force and magnetization force, the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the center of the filter element. Through program control, a current of 12 A is applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 638 Gs, and the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the outer wall of the filter element; the frequency of changing the magnitude of the current applied to the electromagnet is as follows: 1666Hz; After oscillation with different magnetic field intensities, the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is evenly distributed in the annular channel, with 93% of the magnetic porous disinfection filter media evenly distributed inside the annular channel, and 7% of the magnetic porous disinfection filler distributed on both sides of the wall; The magnetic porous disinfection filter media is suspended and oscillated inside the filter element to intercept and adsorb PM2.5, and under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light strip with a wavelength of 254nm, it disinfects the bacteria attached to the PM2.5 particles; The removal rate of PM2.5 is 91% to 94%, and the disinfection rate of bacteria is 93% to 95%.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] When the application scenario is a general ward in the respiratory department of a hospital, the preparation process of the magnetic porous disinfection filter material particles is as follows: prepare an iron thin film plating solution and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution. The iron thin film plating solution is a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of iron ions of 0.16 mol / L. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution is a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, boric acid, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of zinc ions of 0.1 mol / L and a molar concentration of silver ions of 0.0025 mol / L.

[0076] After the iron thin film plating solution and the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution are prepared, the iron thin film plating solution is used as the electrolyte solution, and a three-electrode system is adopted to perform constant potential electrodeposition under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.5T, the pulse frequency is set to 0.46Hz, the deposition voltage is set to -1.8V, and the duration is 600s.

[0077] After the iron thin film electroplating is completed, it is first cleaned with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven for 1 to 2 hours to obtain iron-plated nickel foam particles. At this time, the iron-plated nickel foam particles have acquired the required magnetism. Subsequently, using a three-electrode system and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution as the electrolyte solution, pulse electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.2T, the pulse frequency is 0.55Hz, the deposition potential range is set to -0.4V to -0.8V, the deposition time is set to 600s, and the pulse width is set to 7s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃ to 85℃.

[0078] After the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer is prepared, the nickel foam particles are removed from the conductive substrate. The attached conductive adhesive is first removed with isopropanol solution, then rinsed with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 60℃~70℃ for 1h~2h.

[0079] The inner cylinder of the filter element has an outer diameter of 100mm, the outer cylinder has an inner diameter of 200mm, and the filter element channel cross-sectional area is 236cm². 2 The height is 100mm, and the electromagnet consists of an 1100-turn excitation coil with a wire diameter of 1mm and a magnetic circuit length of 95mm. The magnetic porous disinfection filter material has a particle size of 400μm, a porosity of 85%, and a through-pore rate of 95%. The granular iron film layer has a thickness of 5μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film has a thickness of 1.3μm, and the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars have an aspect ratio of 10:1.7.

[0080] The suspended oscillating method for capturing PM2.5 and eliminating germs is carried out according to the following parameters and steps: the air intake velocity is 2.2 m / s, the motor speed is 90 r / min, and a current of 14 A is first applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 586 Gs. Under the action of centrifugal force and magnetization force, the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the center of the filter element. Through program control, a current of 12 A is applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 502 Gs, and the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the outer wall of the filter element; the frequency of changing the magnitude of the current applied to the electromagnet is 1. 333Hz; After oscillation with different magnetic field intensities, the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is evenly distributed in the annular channel, with 90% of the magnetic porous disinfection filter media evenly distributed inside the annular channel, and 10% of the magnetic porous disinfection filler distributed on both sides of the wall; the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is suspended and oscillated inside the filter element to intercept and adsorb PM2.5, and under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light strip with a wavelength of 254nm, it disinfects the bacteria attached to the PM2.5 particles; the removal rate of PM2.5 is 95%~98%, and the disinfection rate of bacteria is 96%~98%.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] When the application scenario is a general ward in the respiratory department of a hospital, the preparation process of the magnetic porous disinfection filter material particles is as follows: prepare an iron thin film plating solution and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution. The iron thin film plating solution is a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of iron ions of 0.2 mol / L. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution is a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, boric acid, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of zinc ions of 0.1 mol / L and a molar concentration of silver ions of 0.0035 mol / L.

[0083] After the iron thin film plating solution and the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution are prepared, the iron thin film plating solution is used as the electrolyte solution, and a three-electrode system is adopted to perform constant potential electrodeposition under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.5T, the pulse frequency is set to 0.4Hz, the deposition voltage is set to -1.6V, and the duration is 500s.

[0084] After the iron thin film electroplating is completed, it is first cleaned with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven for 1 to 2 hours to obtain iron-plated nickel foam particles. At this time, the iron-plated nickel foam particles have acquired the required magnetism. Subsequently, using a three-electrode system and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution as the electrolyte solution, pulse electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.25T, the pulse frequency is 0.65Hz, the deposition potential range is set to -0.45V to -0.85V, the deposition time is set to 600s, and the pulse width is set to 5s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃ to 85℃.

[0085] After the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer is prepared, the nickel foam particles are removed from the conductive substrate. The attached conductive adhesive is first removed with isopropanol solution, then rinsed with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 60℃~70℃ for 1h~2h.

[0086] The inner cylinder of the filter element has an outer diameter of 100mm, the outer cylinder has an inner diameter of 200mm, and the filter element channel cross-sectional area is 236cm². 2 The height is 100mm, and the electromagnet consists of a 1400-turn excitation coil with a wire diameter of 1mm and a magnetic circuit length of 95mm. The magnetic porous disinfection filter material has a particle size of 400μm, a porosity of 88%, and a through-pore rate of 95%. The granular iron film layer has a thickness of 5.5μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film layer has a thickness of 1.4μm, and the aspect ratio of the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars is 10:1.6.

[0087] The suspended oscillating method for capturing PM2.5 and eliminating germs is carried out according to the following parameters and steps: the air intake velocity is 2.5 m / s, the motor speed is 120 r / min, and a current of 18 A is initially applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 958 Gs. Under the action of centrifugal force and magnetization force, the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the center of the filter element. Through program control, a current of 14 A is applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 745 Gs, and the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the outer wall of the filter element; the frequency of the current applied to the electromagnet is changed. The frequency is 1500Hz; after oscillation with different magnetic field intensities, the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is evenly distributed in the annular channel, with 95% of the magnetic porous disinfection filter media evenly distributed inside the annular channel, and 5% of the magnetic porous disinfection filler distributed on both sides of the wall; the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is suspended and oscillated inside the filter element to intercept and adsorb PM2.5, and under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light strip with a wavelength of 254nm, it disinfects the bacteria attached to the PM2.5 particles; the removal rate of PM2.5 is 97% to 99%, and the disinfection rate of bacteria is over 98%.

[0088] Example 6

[0089] When the application scenario is a P4 laboratory, the preparation process of magnetic porous disinfection filter particles is as follows: prepare an iron thin film plating solution and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution. The iron thin film plating solution is a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of iron ions of 0.14 mol / L. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution is a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, boric acid, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of zinc ions of 0.1 mol / L and a molar concentration of silver ions of 0.004 mol / L.

[0090] After the iron thin film plating solution and the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution are prepared, the iron thin film plating solution is used as the electrolyte solution, and a three-electrode system is adopted to perform constant potential electrodeposition under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.4T, the pulse frequency is set to 0.36Hz, the deposition voltage is set to -1.5V, and the duration is 500s.

[0091] After the iron thin film electroplating is completed, it is first cleaned with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven for 1 to 2 hours to obtain iron-plated nickel foam particles. At this time, the iron-plated nickel foam particles have acquired the required magnetism. Subsequently, using a three-electrode system and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution as the electrolyte solution, pulse electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.25T, the pulse frequency is 0.65Hz, the deposition potential range is set to -0.25V to -0.6V, the deposition time is set to 600s, and the pulse width is set to 5s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃ to 85℃.

[0092] After the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer is prepared, the nickel foam particles are removed from the conductive substrate. The attached conductive adhesive is first removed with isopropanol solution, then rinsed with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 60℃~70℃ for 1h~2h.

[0093] The inner cylinder of the filter element has an outer diameter of 120mm, the outer cylinder has an inner diameter of 240mm, and the filter element channel cross-sectional area is 339cm². 2 The height is 120mm, and the electromagnet consists of an 1100-turn excitation coil with a wire diameter of 1mm and a magnetic circuit length of 115mm. The magnetic porous disinfection filter material has a particle size of 250μm, a porosity of 90%, and a through-pore rate of 95%. The granular iron film layer has a thickness of 4.5μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film has a thickness of 1.4μm, and the aspect ratio of the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars is 10:1.2.

[0094] The suspended oscillating method for capturing PM2.5 and eliminating germs is carried out according to the following parameters and steps: the air intake velocity is 2 m / s, the motor speed is 110 r / min, and a current of 18 A is initially applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 752 Gs. Under the action of centrifugal force and magnetization force, the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the center of the filter element. Through program control, a current of 14 A is applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 585 Gs, and the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the outer wall of the filter element; the frequency of changing the magnitude of the current applied to the electromagnet is as follows: 1666Hz; After oscillation with different magnetic field intensities, the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is evenly distributed in the annular channel, with 93% of the magnetic porous disinfection filter media evenly distributed inside the annular channel, and 7% of the magnetic porous disinfection filler distributed on both sides of the wall; The magnetic porous disinfection filter media is suspended and oscillated inside the filter element to intercept and adsorb PM2.5, and under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light strip with a wavelength of 254nm, it disinfects the bacteria attached to the PM2.5 particles; The removal rate of PM2.5 is 97% to 99%, and the disinfection rate of bacteria is over 98%.

[0095] Example 7

[0096] When the application scenario is a P4 laboratory, the preparation process of magnetic porous disinfection filter particles is as follows: prepare an iron thin film plating solution and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution. The iron thin film plating solution is a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of iron ions of 0.16 mol / L. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution is a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, boric acid, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of zinc ions of 0.2 mol / L and a molar concentration of silver ions of 0.005 mol / L.

[0097] After the iron thin film plating solution and the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution are prepared, the iron thin film plating solution is used as the electrolyte solution, and a three-electrode system is adopted to perform constant potential electrodeposition under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.35T, the pulse frequency is set to 0.34Hz, the deposition voltage is set to -1.5V, and the duration is 600s.

[0098] After the iron thin film electroplating is completed, it is first cleaned with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven for 1 to 2 hours to obtain iron-plated nickel foam particles. At this time, the iron-plated nickel foam particles have acquired the required magnetism. Subsequently, using a three-electrode system and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution as the electrolyte solution, pulse electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.3T, the pulse frequency is 0.65Hz, the deposition potential range is set to -0.15V to -0.55V, the deposition time is set to 6000s, and the pulse width is set to 4s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃ to 85℃.

[0099] After the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer is prepared, the nickel foam particles are removed from the conductive substrate. The attached conductive adhesive is first removed with isopropanol solution, then rinsed with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 60℃~70℃ for 1h~2h.

[0100] The inner cylinder of the filter element has an outer diameter of 120mm, the outer cylinder has an inner diameter of 240mm, and the filter element channel cross-sectional area is 339cm². 2 The height is 120mm, and the electromagnet consists of a 1200-turn excitation coil with a wire diameter of 1mm and a magnetic circuit length of 115mm. The magnetic porous disinfection filter material has a particle size of 250μm, a porosity of 95%, and a through-pore rate of 95%. The granular iron film layer has a thickness of 4μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film layer has a thickness of 1.5μm, and the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars have an aspect ratio of 10:1.1.

[0101] The suspended oscillating method for capturing PM2.5 and eliminating germs is carried out according to the following parameters and steps: the air intake velocity is 2.2 m / s, the motor speed is 120 r / min, and a current of 16 A is first applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 730 Gs. Under the action of centrifugal force and magnetization force, the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the center of the filter element. Through program control, a current of 14 A is applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 585 Gs, and the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the outer wall of the filter element; the frequency of the current applied to the electromagnet is changed. The frequency is 1800Hz; after oscillation with different magnetic field intensities, the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is evenly distributed in the annular channel, with 93% of the magnetic porous disinfection filter media evenly distributed inside the annular channel, and 7% of the magnetic porous disinfection filler distributed on both sides of the wall; the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is suspended and oscillated inside the filter element to intercept and adsorb PM2.5, and under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light strip with a wavelength of 254nm, it disinfects the bacteria attached to the PM2.5 particles; the removal rate of PM2.5 is over 99%, and the disinfection rate of bacteria is over 99.5%.

[0102] Example 8

[0103] When the application scenario is a P4 laboratory, the preparation process of magnetic porous disinfection filter particles is as follows: prepare an iron thin film plating solution and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution. The iron thin film plating solution is a mixture of ferrous sulfate, sodium chloride, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of iron ions of 0.18 mol / L. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution is a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, silver nitrate, boric acid, and deionized water, with a molar concentration of zinc ions of 0.2 mol / L and a molar concentration of silver ions of 0.005 mol / L.

[0104] After the iron thin film plating solution and the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution are prepared, the iron thin film plating solution is used as the electrolyte solution, and a three-electrode system is adopted to perform constant potential electrodeposition under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.4T, the pulse frequency is set to 0.36Hz, the deposition voltage is set to -1.4V, and the duration is 500s.

[0105] After the iron thin film electroplating is completed, it is first cleaned with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven for 1 to 2 hours to obtain iron-plated nickel foam particles. At this time, the iron-plated nickel foam particles have acquired the required magnetism. Subsequently, using a three-electrode system and a silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution as the electrolyte solution, pulse electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.35T, the pulse frequency is 0.7Hz, the deposition potential range is set to -0.1V to -0.6V, the deposition time is set to 650s, and the pulse width is set to 3s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution is heated in a constant-temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃ to 85℃.

[0106] After the silver-doped zinc oxide thin film layer is prepared, the nickel foam particles are removed from the conductive substrate. The attached conductive adhesive is first removed with isopropanol solution, then rinsed with deionized water, and then dried in a forced-air drying oven at 60℃~70℃ for 1h~2h.

[0107] The inner cylinder of the filter element has an outer diameter of 120mm, the outer cylinder has an inner diameter of 240mm, and the filter element channel cross-sectional area is 339cm². 2 The height is 120mm, and the electromagnet consists of a 1200-turn excitation coil with a wire diameter of 1mm and a magnetic circuit length of 115mm. The magnetic porous disinfection filter material has a particle size of 250μm, a porosity of 95%, and a through-pore rate of 94%. The granular iron film layer is 3μm thick, the silver-doped zinc oxide film layer is 1.6μm thick, and the aspect ratio of the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars is 10:1.

[0108] The suspended oscillating method for capturing PM2.5 and eliminating germs is carried out according to the following parameters and steps: the air intake velocity is 2.5 m / s, the motor speed is 120 r / min, and a current of 18 A is initially applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 821 Gs. Under the action of centrifugal force and magnetization force, the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the center of the filter element. Through program control, a current of 14 A is applied to the electromagnet, generating a central magnetic field strength of 585 Gs, and the magnetic porous disinfection filter material moves towards the outer wall of the filter element; the frequency of changing the magnitude of the current applied to the electromagnet is as follows: 1800Hz; After oscillation with different magnetic field intensities, the magnetic porous disinfection filter media is evenly distributed in the annular channel, with 95% of the magnetic porous disinfection filter media evenly distributed inside the annular channel, and 5% of the magnetic porous disinfection filler distributed on both sides of the wall; The magnetic porous disinfection filter media is suspended and oscillated inside the filter element to intercept and adsorb PM2.5, and under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light strip with a wavelength of 254nm, it disinfects the germs attached to the PM2.5 particles; The removal rate of PM2.5 reaches 99.99%, and the disinfection rate of germs reaches 99.99%.

[0109] The solutions described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of this invention. All equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the scope of this invention are included in the patent scope of this case.

Claims

1. A method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media using magnetic control for disinfection, characterized in that: Magnetic porous particles for disinfection are placed as filter media in a dynamic collection device. The magnetic porous particle filter media is controlled by the magnetizing force generated by an electromagnet and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the channel. By changing the magnetic field strength and rotation speed, the magnetic porous particles achieve dynamic equilibrium in the horizontal direction and oscillate along the direction of force. In the air intake direction, they are controlled by the drag force of the airflow and their own gravity, suspending them inside the channel. The suspended and oscillating magnetic porous particle filter media dynamically collects PM2.5 and simultaneously disinfects the bacteria attached to the PM2.

5. When applied to general hospital wards, the magnetic porous particles are prepared using a three-electrode system for electrodeposition. The iron thin film plating solution is a ferrous sulfate solution, and the process is carried out under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. Potential electrodeposition was performed with a magnetic field strength of 0.45T–0.55T, a pulse frequency of 0.41Hz–0.46Hz, a deposition voltage of -1.7V–-1.8V, and a duration of 550s–600s. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution was a zinc nitrate hexahydrate and silver nitrate solution with a silver doping amount of 1%–1.2%. Pulse electrodeposition was performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field with a magnetic field strength of 0.2T–0.3T, a pulse frequency of 0.5Hz–0.65Hz, and deposition was performed at a voltage of -0.3V–-0.7V for 500s–600s, with a pulse width of 8s–10s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution was heated in a constant temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃–85℃.

2. The method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media using magnetic control for disinfection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic sterilization porous particles have a sandwich-like layered structure on a macroscopic scale. The inner layer of the magnetic sterilization porous particles is a nickel foam substrate, the middle layer is an iron film, and the outer layer is a silver-doped zinc oxide film. On a microscopic scale, the surface of the magnetic sterilization porous particles forms a hexagonal nanopillar structure. The bottom layer of the surface of the magnetic sterilization porous particles is a nickel foam framework substrate and an iron film substrate, and the top layer of the surface of the magnetic sterilization porous particles is a silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillar.

3. The method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media using magnetic control for disinfection according to claim 1, characterized in that: When applied to general hospital wards, the magnetic disinfection porous filter media has a particle size of 450μm to 500μm, a porosity of 85% to 90%, and a permeability of 96% to 98%; the iron film has a thickness of 4μm to 6μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film has a thickness of 1.2μm to 1.5μm, and the silver-doped zinc oxide nanopillars have an aspect ratio of 10:1.8 to 10:

2.

4. The method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media using magnetic control for disinfection according to claim 1, characterized in that: When applied in a P4 laboratory, the magnetic sterilization porous filter media has a particle size of 200μm–250μm, a porosity of 90%–95%, and a permeability of 94%–96%. The iron film thickness is 2.5μm–4.5μm, the silver-doped zinc oxide film thickness is 1.3μm–1.6μm, and the aspect ratio of the silver-doped zinc oxide is 10:1–10:1.

2. The magnetic sterilization porous particles are prepared by electrodeposition using a three-electrode system. The iron film plating solution is a ferrous sulfate solution, and constant potential electrodeposition is performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is set to 0.3T–0.4T, and the pulse frequency is set to 0. The deposition voltage was set to -1.4V to -1.5V, and the duration was 450s to 500s. The silver-doped zinc oxide thin film plating solution was a zinc nitrate hexahydrate and silver nitrate solution, with a silver doping amount of 1.8% to 2%. Pulse electrodeposition was performed under the action of a pulsed magnetic field, with the magnetic field strength set to 0.25T to 0.35T and the pulse frequency set to 0.65Hz to 0.7Hz. Deposition was carried out at a voltage of -0.1V to -0.6V for 600s to 650s, and the pulse width was set to 3s to 5s. During electrodeposition, the electrolyte solution was heated in a constant temperature water bath at a temperature of 80℃ to 85℃.

5. The method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media using magnetic control for disinfection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element uses magnetically sterilized porous particles as filter media, which are filled in the annular gap between the inner and outer cylinders of the filter element in the dynamic collection device. The filter media occupies 75% to 80% of the total volume of the annular gap. The motor speed of the dynamic collection device is 110 r / min to 120 r / min, the number of turns of the electromagnet's winding excitation coil is 1300 to 1400, the current is 12A to 16A, the generated central magnetic field strength is 638Gs to 952Gs, and the current changing frequency is 1300Hz to 1500Hz. The current, magnetic field changing frequency, and motor speed are controlled by a program. The centrifugal force experienced by the magnetically sterilized porous filter media particles when the filter element rotates is 0.5N to 0.9N, and the magnetizing force experienced by the magnetically sterilized porous filter media particles by the electromagnet is 0.5N to 1.1N.

6. The method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media using magnetic control for disinfection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter element uses magnetically sterilized porous particles as filter media, which are filled in the annular gap between the inner and outer cylinders of the filter element in the dynamic collection device. The filter media occupies 80% to 85% of the total volume of the annular gap. The motor speed of the dynamic collection device is 100 r / min to 110 r / min, the number of turns of the electromagnet's winding excitation coil is 1100 to 1200, the current is 14A to 18A, the generated central magnetic field strength is 585Gs to 821Gs, and the current changing frequency is 1666Hz to 1800Hz. The current, magnetic field changing frequency, and motor speed are controlled by a program. The centrifugal force experienced by the magnetically sterilized porous filter media particles when the filter element rotates is 0.4N to 0.85N, and the magnetizing force experienced by the magnetically sterilized porous filter media particles by the electromagnet is 0.4N to 0.95N.

7. The method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media using magnetic control for disinfection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter adopts a graded purification mode. The magnetic porous sterilization filter media particles inside the filter element are controlled by the magnetization force generated by the electromagnet and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the channel; the air intake speed is controlled by the fan; the filter element is also equipped with an ultraviolet lamp strip to assist the magnetic porous sterilization filter media in sterilizing bacteria.

8. The method for dynamically capturing PM2.5 and pathogens in porous media using magnetic control for disinfection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filter channel area is 400cm². 2 ~600cm 2 The filter element channel length is 100mm~140mm; the inlet air velocity is 1.5m / s~2.5m / s under different application scenarios, and the air volume per unit area is 50m³ / s. 3 / h~60m 3 / h, the length of the electromagnet's magnetic circuit is 95mm to 135mm, the number of turns of the wound coil is 1000 to 1500 turns; the width of the ultraviolet lamp strip is 10mm to 40mm, the number of ultraviolet lamp strips is 3 to 10, and the wavelength of the rays emitted by the ultraviolet lamp strips is 250nm to 260nm.

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