Test method for the stability and accuracy of optical axis pointing in large optical systems by suppressing micro-vibrations

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for testing the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of a large optical system by suppressing micro-vibrations. It relates to the field of optical testing technology. The method uses a light tube to provide an infinity test beam, and is equipped with a platform, a star point, a light source, a micro-vibration exciter, a cubic prism, a theodolite, and an imaging detector. The size of the star point target is no more than 5 μm. The aperture of the light tube covers at least two-thirds of the aperture of the system under test to ensure that the energy of the target is sufficient to be effectively received by the detector on the image plane of the optical system. Furthermore, the micro-vibration exciter simulates the actual vibration state of the optical system during operation. At different times, the position of the image spot under the same field of view is recorded multiple times. The centroid coordinates of the image spot are extracted from the image spot received by the detector, and the offset of the image spot in different dimensions is calculated. This completes the optical axis pointing accuracy test by calculating the difference between the actual image spot and the ideal image spot imaging position, ultimately determining the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of the optical system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical testing technology, and in particular to a method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems by suppressing micro-vibrations. Background Technology

[0002] Large optical imaging telescopes play a vital role in numerous fields, including earth science, astronomy, military applications, and civilian production, and have broad application prospects in environmental monitoring, Earth radiation monitoring, and deep space exploration. Imaging is one of the most important functions of an optical system. As the demand for image clarity increases, the stability requirements for optical telescopes also rise. Micro-vibrations are a key factor affecting the stability of optical systems. However, due to the continuous increase in aperture and focal length of optical imaging systems, the overall optical system comprises more and more components and back-end equipment, such as attitude adjustment drive mechanisms, cooling and heat dissipation equipment, and image stabilization mechanisms. For large telescopes with long focal lengths, large apertures, high image resolution, and ultra-long integration times, even the slightest vibration can cause the optical axis pointing stability to exceed the required specifications. These devices inevitably experience slight vibrations during operation, causing varying degrees of displacement in the optical components of the optical system. This affects the optical axis pointing of the imaging optical telescope system, leading to its optical axis pointing stability exceeding the requirements, resulting in image jitter, distortion, and overlap, and ultimately degrading image quality. Therefore, during the development of large telescopes, it is necessary to ensure that the optical axis pointing of the optical system meets certain accuracy requirements.

[0003] In the design and development of optical systems such as large optical imaging telescopes, micro-vibration suppression techniques are often employed to mitigate the effects of micro-vibrations and ensure the acquisition of stable and clear images, thereby guaranteeing the acquisition of effective data during practical operation. Commonly used micro-vibration suppression techniques fall into three main categories: vibration isolation of the disturbance source equipment, overall vibration isolation of the optical load, and optimization and suppression of the micro-vibration transmission path. Before a large optical imaging telescope commences actual operation, its micro-vibration suppression capabilities must be tested and verified. Only when its optical axis pointing stability and accuracy meet the requirements can subsequent observation work proceed smoothly.

[0004] In summary, the optical axis pointing stability of a large optical telescope system directly affects the clarity of images it can produce. Micro-vibration suppression is a crucial measure to ensure the imaging stability of an optical system. Therefore, it is essential to verify the micro-vibration suppression capability by testing the optical axis pointing stability accuracy before the optical imaging system begins operation. This necessitates research into testing methods and devices related to the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of large optical telescope systems. Currently, there are few methods for testing the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of optical systems. Some existing optical axis calibration methods involve adding a reference prism to the system under test to represent the optical axis pointing, and then using a high-precision theodolite to aim at the reference prism to determine the optical axis pointing. However, this does not actually test the stability of the optical axis pointing. While this method achieves a certain degree of testing, it still falls short of the requirements for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability. If the optical axis pointing stability of a large optical imaging telescope cannot be guaranteed, it will affect the observation results when using the system. Only by testing and verifying the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of large optical imaging telescopes, and ensuring that the accuracy meets design requirements, can subsequent observations and other work be carried out smoothly.

[0005] Currently, commonly used methods cannot fully meet the testing requirements for the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of optical imaging telescopes, and their applicability is insufficient. Therefore, research is being conducted on a testing method and device for the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of optical imaging telescopes that has high testing accuracy and strong applicability.

[0006] Chinese Patent Application No. 201910637903.3 discloses a method for calibrating the consistency of the optical axis of precision optoelectronic equipment. This method is applicable to calibrating the consistency of the optical axis of precision optoelectronic equipment. It can use a theodolite, a large-diameter collimator, and special tooling to ensure the consistency of the optical axis of the precision optoelectronic equipment. It can effectively solve the problem of optical axis pointing deviation in different batches and sets of equipment under the original technical conditions. It can avoid the problem of needing to recalibrate the optical axis of all equipment on the transport carrier after reassembling or replacing similar equipment.

[0007] The aforementioned patents mainly focus on research and design to ensure the consistency of the optical axis before and after the transportation of optoelectronic equipment. However, the method and device are not entirely applicable to the micro-vibration optical axis pointing stability accuracy test of large optical telescopes. The applicability and versatility of this method are insufficient in meeting the requirements of optical axis pointing stability accuracy test of large optical imaging systems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the above technical problems, this invention provides a method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems with micro-vibration suppression, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. On the platform, a light source, a star point, a light tube, an optical imaging telescope, and an imaging detector are set up coaxially at intervals. The light tube is located at the light inlet of the optical imaging telescope, the star point is located at the center of the focal plane of the light tube, and the imaging detector is located at the image plane of the optical imaging telescope. The aperture of the light tube is smaller than the aperture of the optical imaging telescope, but larger than two-thirds of the aperture of the optical imaging telescope.

[0010] S2. Install a first prism on the outer wall of the light tube near the light outlet, and install a second prism on the outer wall of the optical imaging telescope near the light inlet.

[0011] S3. Adjust the positions of the first prism and the second prism respectively, so that the optical axis of the first prism is aligned with the optical axis of the light tube, and the optical axis of the second prism is aligned with the optical axis of the optical imaging telescope.

[0012] S4. Use the first theodolite to aim at the first prism, use the second theodolite to aim at the second prism, and then adjust the position of the light tube to keep the light tube aligned with the optical imaging telescope's optical axis.

[0013] S5. The first and second theodolites align with each other to establish a reference relationship;

[0014] S6. Fix the first theodolite and the second theodolite, and monitor the optical axis pointing of the first prism and the second prism respectively to ensure that the fields of view of the first prism and the second prism are consistent.

[0015] S7. Set up several micro-vibration exciters on the optical imaging telescope to simulate the micro-vibrations caused by other equipment to the optical imaging telescope during actual operation.

[0016] S8. Fix the position of the light tube, turn on the light source, turn off all micro-vibration exciters, the large optical telescope receives the image of the target at infinity, and the imaging detector obtains the image spot position of the target at infinity at the initial moment.

[0017] S9. Turn on all micro-vibration exciters, obtain the image spot position of the target at infinity at different times through the imaging detector, and calculate the change in the image spot position at different times.

[0018] S10. Evaluate the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of large optical imaging telescopes by the amount of change in image spot position and repeatability accuracy.

[0019] The technical solution further defined in this invention is:

[0020] Furthermore, in step S1, the platform is configured as an optical vibration isolation platform.

[0021] As described above, in the method for testing the stability of optical axis pointing by micro-vibration suppression in a large optical system, in step S2, both the first prism and the second prism are set as cubic prisms with a size of 30mm×30mm×30mm.

[0022] As described above, in the method for testing the stability of optical axis pointing due to micro-vibration suppression in a large optical system, in step S7, four micro-vibration exciters are set.

[0023] As described above, in the method for testing the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of a large optical system to suppress micro-vibrations, step S8, in which the imaging detector obtains the image spot position of the target at infinity at the initial moment, specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0024] S8.1. Acquire the grayscale image of the image spot through the imaging detector, and use median filtering to denoise the image to obtain the denoised grayscale image of the image spot.

[0025] S8.2. Use a Gaussian function to fit the grayscale image of the image spot to preliminarily determine the centroid of the image spot;

[0026] S8.3 Calculate the precise centroid position of the image spot to obtain the center coordinates of the image spot at the initial moment.

[0027] As described above, in the method for testing the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of a large optical system with micro-vibration suppression, step S8.1 involves denoising the image using the following formula.

[0028] f(i,j)=median{f(ir,jf),...,f(i+r,j+r)} (1)

[0029] Where i and j represent the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the image spot on the imaging detector, respectively, r represents the filtering scale, and f(i,j) represents the gray level of the image spot after denoising.

[0030] As described above, a method for testing the stability of optical axis pointing in a large optical system by suppressing micro-vibrations is used, with the filter scale r set to 3.

[0031] As described above, in the method for testing the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of a large optical system to suppress micro-vibrations, step S8.2 involves using the following formula to fit the grayscale image of the image patch with a Gaussian function, calculating the target using the Gaussian function, and then using least squares fitting to calculate the parameters that minimize the σ value, thus initially determining the centroid (a, b) of the target.

[0032]

[0033] Where A represents a fixed coefficient, σ represents the mean square error of the Gaussian function, and G... guass (a, b) represents the pixel gray level of the target.

[0034] As described above, in the method for testing the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of a large optical system to suppress micro-vibrations, step S8.3 involves calculating the precise centroid position of the image spot using the following formula to obtain the center coordinates (x0, y0) of the image spot on the imaging detector at the initial moment.

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] Where R(i,j) represents the gray value of each pixel, d represents the Euclidean distance from (i,j) to (a,b), and (x0,y0) represents the center coordinates of the image spot at the initial time.

[0038] As described above, in the method for testing the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of a large optical system with micro-vibration suppression, in step S9, the coordinates (x1, y2), ..., (x1, y2) of the image spot position of the target at infinity at different times are obtained through formulas (1) to (4). n y n The changes in image spot position at different times are calculated using the following formulas.

[0039]

[0040] Where θ represents the angle of optical axis offset, (x1, y2), ..., (x n y n ) represents the image patch coordinates in the current state.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0042] (1) In this invention, the main focus is on the ground testing stage of large optical imaging telescopes. In order to ensure the imaging quality, optical axis pointing stability accuracy test is carried out. In order to achieve optical axis pointing stability accuracy test, a large-aperture collimator is used to provide an infinitely far test beam. With the help of vibration isolation platform, star target, light source, micro-vibration exciter, cubic prism, theodolite, imaging detector and other equipment, a device and system for realizing optical axis pointing stability test of large optical imaging telescopes is built.

[0043] To address the characteristics and testing challenges of the actual system under test, a testing method and apparatus were designed. The size of the star-shaped target did not exceed 5 μm. The aperture of the collimator covered at least two-thirds of the aperture of the system under test to ensure that the energy of the target was sufficient to be effectively received by the detector on the image plane of the optical system. Furthermore, a micro-vibration exciter was used to simulate the actual vibration state of the optical system during operation. The position of the image spot under the same field of view was recorded multiple times at different times. The centroid coordinates of the image spot were extracted from the image spot received by the detector, and the offset of the image spot in different dimensions was calculated. This completed the optical axis pointing accuracy test and calculated the difference between the actual image spot and the ideal image spot imaging position. Finally, the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of the optical system was determined.

[0044] The method of this invention can also be flexibly applied to the optical axis pointing stability accuracy test of large optical imaging telescope systems with various structural forms, and has the characteristics of strong versatility and high test accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of each functional component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the image spot position of the imaging detector at various times in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] The components include: 1. Platform; 2. Optical imaging telescope; 3. Optical tube; 4. Star point; 5. Light source; 6. Imaging detector; 7. First prism; 8. Second prism; 9. Second theodolite; 10. First theodolite; 11-14. Micro-vibration exciter; 15. Low-pressure environment simulation device. Detailed Implementation

[0048] This embodiment provides a method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems by suppressing micro-vibrations. Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. On platform 1, a light source 5, a star point 4, a light tube 3, an optical imaging telescope 2, and an imaging detector 6 are arranged coaxially at intervals. The light tube 3 is located at the light inlet of the optical imaging telescope 2, and the star point 4 is located at the center of the focal plane of the light tube 3. The star point 4 is illuminated by the uniform light source 5 to simulate a far-field optical target with specific geometric features, providing a stable infinity target for testing. The imaging detector 6 is located at the image plane of the optical imaging telescope 2. Platform 1 is set as an optical vibration isolation platform. The size of the star point 4 does not exceed 5μm. The aperture of the light tube 3 is smaller than the aperture of the optical imaging telescope 2, but larger than two-thirds of the aperture of the optical imaging telescope 2.

[0050] S2. A first prism 7 is installed on the outer wall of the light tube 3 near the light outlet. The first prism 7 is installed at the center of the outer wall of the outer envelope structure of the light outlet of the light tube 3. A second prism 8 is installed on the outer wall of the optical imaging telescope 2 near the light inlet. The second prism 8 is installed on the outer wall of the mechanical structure at the light inlet of the optical imaging telescope 2. Both the first prism 7 and the second prism 8 are set as cubic prisms with a size of 30mm×30mm×30mm.

[0051] S3. Adjust the positions of the first prism 7 and the second prism 8 respectively, so that the optical axis of the first prism 7 is aligned with the optical axis of the light tube 3, and the optical axis of the second prism 8 is aligned with the optical axis of the optical imaging telescope 2. That is, the optical axes of the first prism 7 and the second prism 8 represent the optical axis of the light tube 3 and the optical axis of the optical imaging telescope 2 respectively.

[0052] S4. Use the first theodolite 10 to aim at the first prism 7, and use the second theodolite 9 to aim at the second prism 8. Then, fine-tune the position of the light tube 3 so that the light tube 3 is aligned with the optical imaging telescope 2.

[0053] S5. The first theodolite 10 and the second theodolite 9 aim at each other to further determine their relative positional relationship and establish a reference relationship. During the entire test, the arrangement of the first theodolite 10 and the second theodolite 9 must be able to aim at the positions of the first prism 7 and the second prism 8, and must not block the test optical path.

[0054] S6. Fix the first theodolite 10 and the second theodolite 9, and monitor the optical axis pointing of the first prism 7 and the second prism 8 respectively to ensure that the fields of view of the first prism 7 and the second prism 8 are consistent.

[0055] S7. Four micro-vibration exciters 11-14 are set at the characteristic points of the structural frame of the optical imaging telescope 2. The installation positions are the positions of the driving mechanism and the back-end working equipment after the actual assembly and adjustment are completed. They are used to simulate the micro-vibrations caused to the optical imaging telescope 2 by the attitude adjustment drive mechanism, cooling and heat dissipation equipment, image stabilization mechanism, etc. during actual operation.

[0056] S8. Fix the position of the light tube 3, turn on the light source 5, turn off all micro-vibration exciters 11-14, and the large optical telescope receives the image of the target at infinity. The imaging detector 6 obtains the image spot position of the target at infinity at the initial moment. The acquisition method includes the following steps:

[0057] S8.1. The image grayscale image of the image patch is acquired through the imaging detector 6. In order to better extract the features in the image grayscale image and reduce the influence of noise on the image patch features and center localization, median filtering is used to denoise the image, and the denoised image grayscale image is obtained, as shown in the following formula.

[0058] f(i,j)=median{f(ir,jr),...,f(i+r,j+r)} (1)

[0059] Where i and j represent the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the image spot on the imaging detector 6, respectively; r represents the filtering scale, which is generally taken as 3; and f(i, j) represents the gray level of the image spot after denoising.

[0060] S8.2. A Gaussian function is used to fit the grayscale image of the image patch. The following formula is used to fit the grayscale image of the image patch using a Gaussian function. The target is calculated using the Gaussian function, and least squares fitting is used to calculate the parameters that minimize the σ value, thus initially determining the centroid (a, b) of the target.

[0061]

[0062] Where A represents a fixed coefficient, σ represents the mean square error of the Gaussian function, and G... guass (a, b) represents the pixel gray level of the target.

[0063] S8.3 Calculate the precise centroid position of the image spot using the following formula. Increase the weight of pixels closer to the center of the image spot (less than 5 pixels) to improve positioning accuracy. Select a weighting function with respect to the reciprocal of the center distance. The farther the image spot center is from the pixels in the image, the smaller the impact on the center point positioning. Obtain the initial center coordinates (x0, y0) of the image spot on the imaging detector 6.

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Where R(i,j) represents the gray value of each pixel, d represents the Euclidean distance from (i,j) to (a,b), and (x0,y0) represents the center coordinates of the image spot at the initial time.

[0067] S9. Turn on all micro-vibration exciters 11-14 to simulate the vibrations caused by the attitude adjustment drive mechanism, cooling and heat dissipation equipment, image stabilization mechanism, etc. during actual operation. Due to the influence of vibration, the position of the image spot in the central field of view will shift, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the image spot position of the target at infinity at different times is obtained by the imaging detector 6, and the change in the image spot position at different times is calculated.

[0068] In step S9, the image is analyzed and processed using formulas (1) to (4) to obtain the coordinates (x1, y2), ..., (x...) of the image spot positions of the target at infinity at different times. n y n The changes in image spot position at different times are calculated using the following formulas.

[0069]

[0070] Where θ represents the angle of optical axis offset, (x1, y2), ..., (x n y n ) represents the image patch coordinates in the current state.

[0071] S10. Evaluate the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of a large optical imaging telescope by the change in image spot position and repeatability accuracy. The θ value can be calculated using a formula. By testing the image spot position under different conditions multiple times, the maximum value of θ is determined, and thus the maximum deviation is determined. When the calculated θ value is better than the stability index requirement, the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of the system meets the requirements. The above steps can also be used to test the position of the imaging image spot of the optical system multiple times, calculate the degree of optical axis deviation, and compare the θ values ​​before and after the process to further determine the repeatability accuracy.

[0072] By recording and comparing the image spot positions on the pixels of the imaging detector 6, the pixels are subdivided by a factor of 5. If the pixel size of the detector is 10μm, the resolution after subdivision by a factor of 5 is 2μm. Assuming the focal length of the system under test is 15m, it can be calculated that the angular resolution can reach 0.028″. Through the above steps, the test of the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of the micro-vibration suppression of the large optical system can be completed, ensuring that the micro-vibration suppression system of the large optical telescope can work normally.

[0073] The entire test process was carried out in the low-pressure environment simulation device 15. On the one hand, it can eliminate the influence of air damping effect on the accuracy of micro-vibration simulation and eliminate the influence of airflow disturbance on the optical imaging position. On the other hand, it can eliminate the influence of environmental vibration above 1.5Hz by using the vibration isolation platform.

[0074] This embodiment addresses the characteristics and testing challenges of the actual system under test by designing a testing method and apparatus. The size of the target star 4 does not exceed 5μm; the aperture of the collimator 3 covers at least two-thirds of the aperture of the system under test to ensure that the energy of the target is sufficient to be effectively received by the detector on the image plane of the optical system; further, the micro-vibration exciter 11-14 is used to simulate the actual vibration state of the optical system during operation. At different times, the position of the image spot under the same field of view is recorded multiple times. The centroid coordinates of the image spot are extracted from the image spot received by the detector, and the offset of the image spot in different dimensions is calculated. This completes the optical axis pointing accuracy test by calculating the difference between the actual image spot and the ideal image spot imaging position, and finally determines the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of the optical system. This embodiment can also be flexibly applied to the optical axis pointing stability accuracy test of various large optical imaging telescope systems with different structural forms, and has the characteristics of strong versatility and high testing accuracy.

[0075] In addition to the embodiments described above, the present invention may have other implementations. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the accuracy of the optical axis pointing stability of a large optical system against micro-vibrations, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. On the platform, a light source, a star point, a light tube, an optical imaging telescope, and an imaging detector are set up coaxially at intervals. The light tube is located at the light inlet of the optical imaging telescope, the star point is located at the center of the focal plane of the light tube, and the imaging detector is located at the image plane of the optical imaging telescope. The aperture of the light tube is smaller than the aperture of the optical imaging telescope, but larger than two-thirds of the aperture of the optical imaging telescope. S2. Install a first prism on the outer wall of the light tube near the light outlet, and install a second prism on the outer wall of the optical imaging telescope near the light inlet. S3. Adjust the positions of the first prism and the second prism respectively, so that the optical axis of the first prism is aligned with the optical axis of the light tube, and the optical axis of the second prism is aligned with the optical axis of the optical imaging telescope. S4. Use the first theodolite to aim at the first prism, use the second theodolite to aim at the second prism, and then adjust the position of the light tube to keep the light tube aligned with the optical imaging telescope's optical axis. S5. The first and second theodolites align with each other to establish a reference relationship; S6. Fix the first theodolite and the second theodolite, and monitor the optical axis pointing of the first prism and the second prism respectively to ensure that the fields of view of the first prism and the second prism are consistent. S7. Set up several micro-vibration exciters on the optical imaging telescope to simulate the micro-vibrations caused by other equipment to the optical imaging telescope during actual operation. S8. Fix the position of the optical tube, turn on the light source, turn off all micro-vibration exciters, and the large optical telescope receives the image of the target at infinity. The imaging detector obtains the initial position of the image spot of the target at infinity. (Specific details...) It includes the following steps: S8.

1. Acquire the grayscale image of the image spot through the imaging detector, and use median filtering to denoise the image to obtain the denoised grayscale image of the image spot. S8.

2. Use a Gaussian function to fit the grayscale image of the image spot to preliminarily determine the centroid of the image spot; S8.3, calculate the accurate centroid position of the spot, and obtain the center coordinate of the spot at the initial moment; the accurate centroid position of the spot is calculated by the following formula, and the center coordinate of the spot on the imaging detector at the initial moment is obtained , （1）； （2）； wherein R(i,j) represents the gray value of each pixel point, d represents the Euclidean distance from (i,j) to (a,b), represents the center coordinates of the speckle at the initial moment; S9. Turn on all micro-vibration exciters, obtain the image spot position of the target at infinity at different times through the imaging detector, and calculate the change in the image spot position at different times. S10. Evaluate the optical axis pointing stability accuracy of large optical imaging telescopes by the amount of change in image spot position and repeatability accuracy.

2. The method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems with micro-vibration suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the platform is configured as an optical vibration isolation platform.

3. The method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems with micro-vibration suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, both the first prism and the second prism are set as cubic prisms with a size of 30mm×30mm×30mm.

4. The method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems with micro-vibration suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, four micro-vibration exciters are set.

5. The method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems with micro-vibration suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8.1, the image is denoised using the following formula: （3）； Where (i,j) represent the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the image spot on the imaging detector, respectively, r represents the filtering scale, and f(i,j) represents the gray level of the image spot after denoising.

6. The method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems with micro-vibration suppression according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filtering scale r is set to 3.

7. The method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems with micro-vibration suppression according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S8.2, the Gaussian function is used to fit the grayscale image of the image patch using the following formula. The target is calculated using the Gaussian function, and least squares fitting is used to calculate the target. When the parameter is minimized, the centroid (a, b) of the target is initially determined. （4）； Where A represents a fixed coefficient. This represents the mean square error of the Gaussian function. Represents the pixel grayscale of the target.

8. The method for testing the accuracy of optical axis pointing stability in large optical systems with micro-vibration suppression according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S9, the coordinates of the image spot positions of the target at infinity at different times are obtained using formulas (1) to (4). ,..., The changes in image spot position at different times were calculated using the following formulas. （5）； in, Indicates the angle of optical axis offset. ,..., This represents the coordinates of the image patch in the current state.

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